WO2018043699A1 - ゴム組成物 - Google Patents
ゴム組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018043699A1 WO2018043699A1 PCT/JP2017/031560 JP2017031560W WO2018043699A1 WO 2018043699 A1 WO2018043699 A1 WO 2018043699A1 JP 2017031560 W JP2017031560 W JP 2017031560W WO 2018043699 A1 WO2018043699 A1 WO 2018043699A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rubber
- liquid diene
- mass
- rubber composition
- diene rubber
- Prior art date
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 161
- -1 silane compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 83
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical group CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 24
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 87
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 59
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 47
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 43
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 20
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 16
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanobutan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylbutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(CC)C#N AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-trimethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS UUEWCQRISZBELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002897 diene group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical class [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-triethoxysilylpropane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCS DCQBZYNUSLHVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 5
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylcyclopentane Chemical compound CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SBUXRMKDJWEXRL-ROUUACIJSA-N cis-body Chemical compound O=C([C@H]1N(C2=O)[C@H](C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4N3)C1)CC)N2C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 SBUXRMKDJWEXRL-ROUUACIJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014692 zinc oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QEQBMZQFDDDTPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBQCFYPTKHCPGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-bis(2-methylpentan-2-ylperoxy)cyclohexane Chemical compound CCCC(C)(C)OOC1(OOC(C)(C)CCC)CCCCC1 VBQCFYPTKHCPGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCC LZDKZFUFMNSQCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-hydroperoxycyclohexyl)peroxycyclohexan-1-ol Chemical compound C1CCCCC1(O)OOC1(OO)CCCCC1 UICXTANXZJJIBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYMDJPGTQFHDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-ethenoxyethoxy)-2-ethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC=C AYMDJPGTQFHDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbuta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(=C)C(C)=C SDJHPPZKZZWAKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTFXHGBOGGGYDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-bis(dodecylsulfanylmethyl)-6-methylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSCC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(CSCCCCCCCCCCCC)=C1 VTFXHGBOGGGYDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC=CC(C)=C RCJMVGJKROQDCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVNPFNZTPMWRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-triethoxysilylethanethiol Chemical compound CCO[Si](CCS)(OCC)OCC DVNPFNZTPMWRAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LOSLJXKHQKRRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-trimethoxysilylethanethiol Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCS LOSLJXKHQKRRFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQBHYWDCHSZDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-n-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)C=C1 GQBHYWDCHSZDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N1CCN(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)CC1 VXEGSRKPIUDPQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibenzylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CNCC1=CC=CC=C1 BWLUMTFWVZZZND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003568 Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLPJWBQVQIERHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Co].C(C)[Al](CC)Cl Chemical compound [Co].C(C)[Al](CC)Cl YLPJWBQVQIERHM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BZEZSORUWZUMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]CCCC[Li] Chemical compound [Li]CCCC[Li] BZEZSORUWZUMNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCHVGRSBFXDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]c1cc([Li])cc([Li])c1 Chemical compound [Li]c1cc([Li])cc([Li])c1 ARCHVGRSBFXDTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQPUYUKTNSOBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Ni].C(C)[Al](CC)Cl Chemical compound [Ni].C(C)[Al](CC)Cl FQPUYUKTNSOBAN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- ODHYIQOBTIWVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylhydroxylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NO ODHYIQOBTIWVRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XPNWIWHUGHAVLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecyl 3-[(3-octadecoxy-3-oxopropyl)disulfanyl]propanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCSSCCC(=O)OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC XPNWIWHUGHAVLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoborinic acid Chemical compound OB=O VGTPKLINSHNZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NWVVVBRKAWDGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 239000013500 performance material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L persulfate group Chemical group S(=O)(=O)([O-])OOS(=O)(=O)[O-] JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid di-n-butyl ester Natural products CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N piperylene Natural products CC=CC=C PMJHHCWVYXUKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013966 potassium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl propan-2-yloxycarbonyloxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OOC(=O)OC(C)C BWJUFXUULUEGMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl FDNAPBUWERUEDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013875 sodium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfenamide Chemical class [Cl-].COC1=C(C)C=[N+]2C3=NC4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N3SCC2=C1C QAZLUNIWYYOJPC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWNNZXDNLPNGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C UWNNZXDNLPNGQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 7,7-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C NMOALOSNPWTWRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YOEYNURYLFDCEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl hydroxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OO YOEYNURYLFDCEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWSZXUOMATYHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C BWSZXUOMATYHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000006234 thermal black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001757 thermogravimetry curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical class CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPBXRRDHCADTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(3-nitropropyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCC[N+]([O-])=O FPBXRRDHCADTAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ASAOXGWSIOQTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[2-(2-triethoxysilylethyltetrasulfanyl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCSSSSCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC ASAOXGWSIOQTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLFNHRIZTXWZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(3-triethoxysilylpropyltrisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCSSSCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC KLFNHRIZTXWZHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPPXVBLDIDEHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3-nitropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC[N+]([O-])=O QPPXVBLDIDEHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQRACKNXKKOCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyldisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NQRACKNXKKOCJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOFGNZOFJYBHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyltrisulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCSSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC KOFGNZOFJYBHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
- C08L15/02—Rubber derivatives containing halogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/25—Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/013—Fillers, pigments or reinforcing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/002—Physical properties
- C08K2201/003—Additives being defined by their diameter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rubber composition.
- a rubber composition in which mechanical strength is improved by blending a filler such as silica or carbon black with a rubber component such as natural rubber or styrene butadiene rubber is a tire that requires wear resistance and mechanical strength.
- a filler such as silica or carbon black
- a rubber component such as natural rubber or styrene butadiene rubber
- the dispersion state of the filler in the crosslinked product of the rubber composition containing the filler may affect the physical properties (for example, mechanical properties, wear resistance, and rolling resistance) of the crosslinked product.
- the rubber composition containing this filler does not necessarily have high affinity between the rubber and the filler, and interaction between the fillers occurs, if the dispersibility of the filler is not sufficient, the physical properties of the crosslinked product are improved. May not be the ideal distributed state for.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the dispersion state of the filler in the crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition is ideal for improving the physical properties, and further, wear resistance, tensile strength, etc. Rubber composition from which a cross-linked product having excellent mechanical strength and the like can be obtained, and the cross-linked product, and a tire partially using the composition or the cross-linked product capable of improving rolling resistance performance and achieving improved steering stability I will provide a.
- the present invention relates to the following [1] to [10].
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) has the following (i) to (iii): (I) The weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 1,000 or more and less than 15,000, (Ii) The vinyl content is 70 mol% or less, (Iii) Modified liquid diene rubber (B) The average number of functional groups per molecule is 1 to 20, A rubber composition satisfying
- R 1 is a divalent alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are each independently methoxy, ethoxy, phenoxy, methyl, ethyl, A group or a phenyl group, provided that at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a phenoxy group.
- the dispersion state of the filler is ideal for improving the physical properties, and further, a crosslinked product having excellent mechanical strength such as tensile strength and abrasion resistance can be obtained. From the composition or the crosslinked product, for example, a tire having improved handling stability and rolling resistance performance can be obtained.
- Solid rubber (A) used in the rubber composition of the present invention means a rubber that can be handled in a solid state at 20 ° C., and the Mooney viscosity ML 1 + 4 at 100 ° C. of the solid rubber (A) is usually 20 to 200. It is in the range.
- the solid rubber (A) include natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber (hereinafter also referred to as “SBR”), butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, butyl rubber, halogenated butyl rubber, ethylene propylene diene rubber, and butadiene acrylonitrile copolymer.
- SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- Examples thereof include rubber, chloroprene rubber, acrylic rubber, fluorine rubber, and urethane rubber.
- solid rubbers (A) natural rubber, SBR, butadiene rubber, and isoprene rubber are preferable, and natural rubber and SBR are more preferable.
- These solid rubbers (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) of the solid rubber (A) is preferably 80,000 or more from the viewpoint of sufficiently exhibiting the characteristics of the obtained rubber composition and crosslinked product, and is 100,000 to 3,000. More preferably, it is within the range of 1,000.
- the number average molecular weight in this specification is a number average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- the natural rubber is generally used in the tire industry such as SMR (Malaysia TSR), SIR (Indonesian TSR), STR (Thailand TSR), and other TSR (Technically Specialized Rubber) and RSS (Ribbed Smoked Sheet).
- SMR Melia TSR
- SIR Indonesian TSR
- STR Thailand TSR
- RSS Rabbed Smoked Sheet
- modified natural rubber such as natural rubber, high-purity natural rubber, epoxidized natural rubber, hydroxylated natural rubber, hydrogenated natural rubber, and grafted natural rubber.
- SMR20, STR20, and RSS # 3 are preferable from the viewpoint of little variation in quality and easy availability.
- These natural rubbers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the SBR those commonly used for tire applications can be used. Specifically, those having a styrene content of 0.1 to 70% by mass are preferred, those having a styrene content of 5 to 50% by mass are more preferred, and 15 More preferable is 35% by mass.
- the vinyl content is preferably 0.1 to 60% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 55% by mass.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of SBR is preferably 100,000 to 2,500,000, more preferably 150,000 to 2,000,000, and 200,000 to 1,500,000. More preferably it is. When it is in the above range, both workability and mechanical strength can be achieved.
- the weight average molecular weight in this specification is the weight average molecular weight of polystyrene conversion calculated
- the glass transition temperature obtained by differential thermal analysis of SBR used in the present invention is preferably ⁇ 95 to 0 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 95 to ⁇ 5 ° C. By setting the glass transition temperature in the above range, the viscosity of the SBR can be set in a range that is easy to handle.
- SBR that can be used in the present invention is obtained by copolymerizing styrene and butadiene.
- SBR there is no particular limitation on the production method of SBR, and any of an emulsion polymerization method, a solution polymerization method, a gas phase polymerization method, and a bulk polymerization method can be used. Among these production methods, an emulsion polymerization method and a solution polymerization method are preferable. .
- Emulsion-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (hereinafter also referred to as E-SBR) can be produced by a conventional emulsion polymerization method known in the art or in accordance with a known method. For example, it can be obtained by emulsifying and dispersing a predetermined amount of styrene and butadiene monomer in the presence of an emulsifier, and emulsion polymerization with a radical polymerization initiator.
- a solution-polymerized styrene butadiene rubber (hereinafter also referred to as S-SBR) can be produced by an ordinary solution polymerization method.
- S-SBR styrene butadiene rubber
- an active metal capable of anion polymerization in a solvent is used, and optionally in the presence of a polar compound. Polymerizes styrene and butadiene.
- the solvent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and isooctane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclopentane; benzene, And aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and isooctane
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclopentane
- benzene And aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene.
- These solvents are usually preferably used in a range where the monomer concentration is 1 to 50% by mass.
- anion-polymerizable active metal examples include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium; alkaline earth metals such as beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium; lanthanoid rare earth metals such as lanthanum and neodymium .
- alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are preferable, and alkali metals are more preferable.
- organic alkali metal compounds are more preferably used.
- organic alkali metal compound examples include organic monolithium compounds such as n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium and stilbenelithium; dilithiomethane, 1,4-dilithiobutane, 1,4 -Polyfunctional organolithium compounds such as dilithio-2-ethylcyclohexane and 1,3,5-trilithiobenzene; sodium naphthalene, potassium naphthalene and the like.
- organic lithium compound is preferable, and an organic monolithium compound is more preferable.
- the amount of the organic alkali metal compound used is appropriately determined depending on the required molecular weight of S-SBR.
- the organic alkali metal compound can also be used as an organic alkali metal amide by reacting with a secondary amine such as dibutylamine, dihexylamine, and dibenzylamine.
- the polar compound is not particularly limited as long as it is usually used for adjusting the microstructure of the butadiene site and the distribution in the copolymer chain of styrene without deactivating the reaction in anionic polymerization.
- examples include ether compounds such as dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and ethylene glycol diethyl ether; tertiary amines such as tetramethylethylenediamine and trimethylamine; alkali metal alkoxides and phosphine compounds.
- the temperature of the polymerization reaction is usually in the range of ⁇ 80 to 150 ° C., preferably 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably 30 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode may be either a batch type or a continuous type.
- styrene and butadiene are continuously or intermittently supplied into the reaction solution so that the composition ratio of styrene and butadiene in the polymerization system falls within a specific range. Is preferred.
- the polymerization reaction can be stopped by adding an alcohol such as methanol or isopropanol as a polymerization terminator.
- the target S-SBR can be recovered by separating the solvent by direct drying, steam stripping or the like.
- the polymerization solution and the extending oil may be mixed in advance and recovered as an oil-extended rubber.
- a modified SBR in which a functional group is introduced into the SBR may be used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the functional group include an amino group, an alkoxysilyl group, a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, and a carboxyl group.
- the modified SBR for example, before adding a polymerization terminator, tin tetrachloride, tetrachlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, which can react with a polymerization active terminal, Coupling agents such as 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, tetraglycidyl-1,3-bisaminomethylcyclohexane, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, N-vinylpyrrolidone, etc. And a method of adding other modifiers described in JP2011-132298A.
- the position of the polymer into which the functional group is introduced may be a polymerization terminal or a side chain of the polymer chain.
- butadiene rubber examples include Ziegler catalysts such as titanium tetrahalide-trialkylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride-cobalt, trialkylaluminum-boron trifluoride-nickel, and diethylaluminum chloride-nickel;
- Ziegler catalysts such as titanium tetrahalide-trialkylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride-cobalt, trialkylaluminum-boron trifluoride-nickel, and diethylaluminum chloride-nickel
- a lanthanoid rare earth metal catalyst such as an aluminum-organic acid neodymium-Lewis acid type or the like, or an organic alkali metal compound in the same manner as S-SBR can be used.
- Butadiene rubber polymerized with a Ziegler catalyst is preferred because of its high cis isomer content.
- the vinyl content of the butadiene rubber is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and still more preferably 30% by mass or less. When the vinyl content exceeds 50% by mass, the rolling resistance performance tends to deteriorate.
- the lower limit of the vinyl content is not particularly limited.
- the glass transition temperature varies depending on the vinyl content, but is preferably ⁇ 40 ° C. or lower, and more preferably ⁇ 50 ° C. or lower.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the butadiene rubber is preferably 90,000 to 2,000,000, and more preferably 150,000 to 1,500,000. When Mw is in the above range, workability and mechanical strength are good.
- the butadiene rubber has a polyfunctional modifier, for example, tin tetrachloride, silicon tetrachloride, alkoxysilane having an epoxy group in the molecule, or amino group, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- a modifier such as alkoxysilane, it may have a branched structure or a polar functional group.
- isoprene rubber examples include Ziegler catalysts such as titanium tetrahalide-trialkylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride-cobalt, trialkylaluminum-boron trifluoride-nickel, and diethylaluminum chloride-nickel;
- Ziegler catalysts such as titanium tetrahalide-trialkylaluminum, diethylaluminum chloride-cobalt, trialkylaluminum-boron trifluoride-nickel, and diethylaluminum chloride-nickel
- a commercially available isoprene rubber polymerized with an lanthanoid rare earth metal catalyst such as an aluminum-organic acid neodymium-Lewis acid system or an organic alkali metal compound in the same manner as S-SBR can be used.
- Isoprene rubber polymerized with a Ziegler catalyst is preferred because of its high cis isomer content.
- the vinyl content of the isoprene rubber is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, and further preferably 30% by mass or less. When the vinyl content exceeds 50% by mass, the rolling resistance performance tends to deteriorate.
- the lower limit of the vinyl content is not particularly limited.
- the glass transition temperature varies depending on the vinyl content, but is preferably ⁇ 20 ° C. or lower, more preferably ⁇ 30 ° C. or lower.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the isoprene rubber is preferably 90,000 to 2,000,000, and more preferably 150,000 to 1,500,000. When Mw is in the above range, workability and mechanical strength are good.
- a part thereof is a polyfunctional modifier, such as tin tetrachloride, silicon tetrachloride, alkoxysilane having an epoxy group in the molecule, or amino group-containing
- a modifier such as alkoxysilane, it may have a branched structure or a polar functional group.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) used in the rubber composition of the present invention is a liquid polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 1,000 to less than 15,000 and a vinyl content of 70 mol. % Of the functional group derived from the silane compound represented by the above formula (1), and the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) of the functional group is 1 to 20 The one in the range.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) has a high affinity with the filler (C) described later and is concentrated in the vicinity of the filler (C) and is excellent in the reinforcing property of the filler (C).
- the dispersion state of the filler (C) in the rubber composition is ideal for expressing the physical properties of the crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition.
- the dispersibility of the filler (C) in the rubber composition is improved.
- the pain effect of the crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition is sufficiently reduced.
- the cross-linked product is excellent in mechanical strength such as wear resistance. For example, when the crosslinked product is used as a tire or the like, steering stability is improved and rolling resistance performance is also improved.
- the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) used as the raw material of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) contains a conjugated diene unit as a monomer unit constituting the polymer.
- Conjugated dienes include, for example, butadiene, isoprene; 2,3-dimethylbutadiene, 2-phenylbutadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-pentadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,3-octadiene 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 2-methyl-1,3-octadiene, 1,3,7-octatriene, myrcene, and conjugated dienes (b1) other than butadiene and isoprene, such as chloroprene.
- the conjugated diene unit contained in the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) preferably contains a butadiene and / or isoprene monomer unit.
- the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) used as a raw material for the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is composed of butadiene and / or isoprene in an amount of 50% by mass or more of all monomer units constituting the polymer.
- a preferred embodiment is a monomer unit.
- the total content of butadiene units and isoprene units is preferably 60 to 100% by mass, more preferably 70 to 100% by mass, based on the total monomer units of the liquid diene rubber (B ′). .
- Examples of monomer units other than butadiene units and isoprene units that can be included in the liquid diene rubber (B ′) include conjugated diene (b1) units other than butadiene and isoprene described above, and aromatic vinyl compounds (b2). Examples include units.
- aromatic vinyl compound (b2) examples include styrene, ⁇ -methyl styrene, 2-methyl styrene, 3-methyl styrene, 4-methyl styrene, 4-propyl styrene, 4-t-butyl styrene, and 4-cyclohexyl styrene.
- the content of monomer units other than butadiene units and isoprene units is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less, 30 mass% or less is more preferable.
- the vinyl aromatic compound (b2) unit is within the above range, the processability of the rubber composition tends to be improved.
- unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) As the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′), other monomers other than the conjugated diene and the conjugated diene contained as necessary are polymerized by, for example, an emulsion polymerization method or a solution polymerization method. The resulting polymer is preferred.
- emulsion polymerization method a known method or a method according to a known method can be applied.
- a monomer containing a predetermined amount of conjugated diene is emulsified and dispersed in the presence of an emulsifier, and emulsion polymerization is performed using a radical polymerization initiator.
- Examples of the emulsifier include long chain fatty acid salts having 10 or more carbon atoms and rosin acid salts.
- Examples of the long chain fatty acid salts include potassium salts or sodium salts of fatty acids such as capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, and the like.
- water is usually used, and it may contain a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol and ethanol as long as the stability during polymerization is not hindered.
- a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol and ethanol
- the radical polymerization initiator include persulfates such as ammonium persulfate and potassium persulfate, organic peroxides, hydrogen peroxide, and the like.
- a chain transfer agent may be used.
- the chain transfer agent include mercaptans such as t-dodecyl mercaptan and n-dodecyl mercaptan; carbon tetrachloride, thioglycolic acid, diterpene, terpinolene, ⁇ -terpinene, ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer, and the like.
- the temperature of emulsion polymerization can be appropriately set depending on the type of radical polymerization initiator used and the like, but is usually in the range of 0 to 100 ° C., preferably in the range of 0 to 60 ° C.
- the polymerization mode may be either continuous polymerization or batch polymerization.
- the polymerization reaction can be stopped by adding a polymerization terminator.
- the polymerization terminator include amine compounds such as isopropylhydroxylamine, diethylhydroxylamine, and hydroxylamine, quinone compounds such as hydroquinone and benzoquinone, and sodium nitrite.
- the liquid diene rubber (B ′) is coagulated while adjusting the pH of the coagulation system to a predetermined value by adding an acid, and then the polymer is recovered by separating the dispersion solvent. Subsequently, after washing with water and dehydration, the liquid diene rubber (B ′) is obtained by drying. In the course of coagulation, if necessary, latex and an extending oil previously made into an emulsified dispersion may be mixed and recovered as an oil-modified unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′).
- a known method or a method according to a known method can be applied.
- a Ziegler catalyst a metallocene catalyst, an anion-polymerizable active metal or an active metal compound in a solvent
- a monomer containing a conjugated diene is polymerized in the presence of a polar compound as necessary.
- the solvent examples include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and isooctane; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclopentane; benzene, Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene are exemplified.
- aliphatic hydrocarbons such as n-butane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane, n-heptane and isooctane
- alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclopentane
- benzene Aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene are exemplified.
- anion-polymerizable active metal examples include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium; alkaline earth metals such as beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium; lanthanoid rare earth metals such as lanthanum and neodymium .
- alkali metals and alkaline earth metals are preferable, and alkali metals are more preferable.
- an organic alkali metal compound As the active metal compound capable of anion polymerization, an organic alkali metal compound is preferable.
- the organic alkali metal compound include organic monolithium compounds such as methyllithium, ethyllithium, n-butyllithium, sec-butyllithium, t-butyllithium, hexyllithium, phenyllithium and stilbenelithium; dilithiomethane, dilithionaphthalene Polyfunctional organolithium compounds such as 1,4-dilithiobutane, 1,4-dilithio-2-ethylcyclohexane, 1,3,5-trilithiobenzene; sodium naphthalene, potassium naphthalene and the like.
- organic alkali metal compounds organic lithium compounds are preferable, and organic monolithium compounds are more preferable.
- the amount of the organic alkali metal compound used can be appropriately set according to the melt viscosity, molecular weight, etc. of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) and the modified liquid diene rubber (B). It is usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 3 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the body.
- the organic alkali metal compound can be used as an organic alkali metal amide by reacting with a secondary amine such as dibutylamine, dihexylamine, dibenzylamine and the like.
- Polar compounds are usually used in anionic polymerization to adjust the microstructure of the conjugated diene moiety without deactivating the reaction.
- the polar compound include ether compounds such as dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and ethylene glycol diethyl ether; tertiary amines such as tetramethylethylenediamine and trimethylamine; alkali metal alkoxides and phosphine compounds.
- the polar compound is usually used in an amount of 0.01 to 1000 mol with respect to the organoalkali metal compound.
- the temperature of solution polymerization is usually in the range of ⁇ 80 to 150 ° C., preferably in the range of 0 to 100 ° C., more preferably in the range of 10 to 90 ° C.
- the polymerization mode may be either batch or continuous.
- the polymerization reaction can be stopped by adding a polymerization terminator.
- the polymerization terminator include alcohols such as methanol and isopropanol.
- the obtained polymerization reaction liquid is poured into a poor solvent such as methanol to precipitate unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′), or the polymerization reaction liquid is washed with water, separated, and dried to remove the above-mentioned unreacted liquid.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B ′) can be isolated.
- the solution polymerization method is preferable among the above methods.
- the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) thus obtained may be modified with a functional group derived from a silane compound represented by the formula (1) to be described later. Modification may be performed after hydrogenation of at least a part of the unsaturated bonds contained in the diene rubber.
- the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) is modified with a functional group derived from a silane compound represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as silane compound (1)), and the modified liquid diene rubber. Used as (B).
- R ⁇ 1 > is a C1-C6 bivalent alkylene group.
- the divalent alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propylene group, a butylene group, a pentylene group, and a hexylene group.
- R 2 , R 3 and R 4 each independently represents a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a phenoxy group, a methyl group, an ethyl group or a phenyl group. However, at least one of R 2 , R 3 and R 4 is a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a phenoxy group.
- silane compound (1) examples include mercaptomethylenemethyldiethoxysilane, mercaptomethylenetriethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethyltrimethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethyltriethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethylmethoxydimethylsilane, 2- Mercaptoethylethoxydimethylsilane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyldimethoxymethylsilane, 3-mercaptopropyldiethoxymethylsilane, 3-mercaptopropyldimethoxyethylsilane, 3-mercapto Examples thereof include propyldiethoxyethylsilane, 3-mercaptopropylmethoxydimethylsilane, and 3-mercaptopropylethoxydimethylsilane. These silane compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the mercapto group (—SH) of the silane compound (1) is derived from the silane compound (1) by a radical addition reaction with the carbon-carbon unsaturated bond contained in the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′).
- a modified liquid diene rubber (B) having a functional group, specifically, a partial structure represented by the following formula (2) as a functional group is obtained.
- the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) of the functional group derived from the silane compound (1) is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, and more preferably 1 to 10, 1 to 9 is particularly preferred.
- the average number of functional groups is less than 1, the affinity with the filler (C) is low, the filler dispersibility in the rubber composition cannot be improved, and in the crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition, When there is no desired physical property improvement, for example, there may be a case where the reduction of the Payne effect cannot be obtained sufficiently.
- the average number of functional groups exceeds 20 the crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition tends to deteriorate without improving the desired physical properties, for example, the pain effect is not reduced, and the wear resistance also deteriorates.
- the modified liquid diene rubber tends to concentrate near the filler (C)
- the reinforcing effect of the filler (C) is increased and the resulting crosslinked product is improved in wear resistance.
- the physical property of the crosslinked material in which the affinity between the solid rubber (A) and the filler (C) is improved and the dispersed state of the filler (C) in the rubber composition is obtained by using the modified liquid rubber (B). It is assumed that it is ideal for expression, for example, improved dispersibility.
- the dispersion state of the filler (C) in the rubber composition is caused by the interaction between the modified liquid diene rubber (B) adsorbed on the filler (C).
- the filler (C) may agglomerate, and the modified liquid diene rubber may be a mixture of the solid rubber and the filler (C). It is estimated that it does not contribute to affinity improvement.
- the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) of the functional group derived from the silane compound (1) is 1 to 9 is preferable.
- the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) can be determined from the equivalent (g / eq) of the functional group of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) and the number average molecular weight Mn in terms of styrene.
- (Average number of functional groups per molecule) [(Number average molecular weight Mn) / (Molecular weight of styrene unit) ⁇ (Average molecular weight of conjugated diene and other monomer units other than conjugated diene if necessary)] / (Equivalent functional group)
- the equivalent of the functional group of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) means the mass of butadiene bonded to one functional group and other monomers other than butadiene contained as necessary.
- the equivalent of the functional group can be calculated from the area ratio of the peak derived from the functional group and the peak derived from the polymer main chain using 1 H-NMR or 13 C-NMR.
- the peak derived from a functional group refers to the peak derived from an alkoxy group.
- the addition amount of the silane compound (1) in the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is preferably 1 to 60 parts by weight and more preferably 1 to 50 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′).
- the amount is preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass.
- the amount of the modifying compound added is more than 60 parts by mass, the dispersibility effect of the filler (C) is poor and the desired physical properties of the resulting crosslinked product are not improved, for example, the Payne effect is not sufficiently reduced. Also, the wear resistance tends to decrease.
- the addition amount of the silane compound (1) added in the modified liquid diene rubber (B) can be determined using various analytical instruments such as nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
- the method for adding the silane compound (1) to the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) is not particularly limited.
- the silane compound (1) is added to the liquid diene rubber and, if necessary, a radical catalyst is added.
- a method of heating in the presence or absence of an organic solvent can be employed.
- organic peroxide examples include methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanone peroxide, methylcyclohexanone peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy).
- Examples of the azo compound include 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile, 1,1′-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile), and 2,2′-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile).
- the organic solvent used in the above method includes a hydrocarbon solvent and a halogenated hydrocarbon solvent.
- hydrocarbon solvents such as n-butane, n-hexane, n-heptane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene and xylene are preferable.
- Preferred anti-aging agents used at this time include, for example, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT), 2,2′-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), 4,4 '-Thiobis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) (AO-40), 3,9-bis [1,1-dimethyl- 2- [3- (3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) propionyloxy] ethyl] -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5.5] undecane (AO-80), 2,4-bis [(octylthio) methyl] -6-methylphenol (Irganox 1520L), 2,4-bis [
- the addition amount of the antioxidant is preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′).
- the position at which the functional group is introduced may be a polymerization terminal or a side chain of the polymer chain, but a plurality of functional groups can be easily introduced. From this viewpoint, it is preferably a side chain of a polymer chain.
- the said functional group may be contained individually by 1 type, and may be contained 2 or more types. Therefore, the modified liquid diene rubber (B) may be modified with one modified compound, or may be modified with two or more modified compounds.
- the mixing ratio of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) and the silane compound (1) is appropriately set so that, for example, the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) becomes a desired value. For example, if the mass ratio (B ′) / (1) between the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) and the silane compound (1) is 0.3 to 50, for example, Good.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) As a technique for producing the modified liquid diene rubber (B) having specific properties, it is effective to react the radical addition reaction of the silane compound (1) at an appropriate reaction temperature for a sufficient reaction time.
- the temperature in the reaction of adding the silane compound (1) to the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) is preferably 10 to 200 ° C., more preferably 50 to 180 ° C.
- the reaction time is preferably 1 to 200 hours, more preferably 1 to 100 hours, and further preferably 1 to 50 hours.
- the melt viscosity of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) measured at 38 ° C. is preferably 0.1 to 2,000 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 0.1 to 1500 Pa ⁇ s, and preferably 0.1 to 1000 Pa ⁇ s. Further preferred.
- the melt viscosity of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is within the above range, the flexibility of the resulting rubber composition is improved, so that processability is improved.
- the melt viscosity of the liquid diene rubber (B) is a value measured with a Brookfield viscometer at 38 ° C.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is from 1,000 to less than 15,000, preferably from 2,000 to less than 15,000, and more preferably from 3,000 to less than 15,000.
- Mw of the liquid diene rubber (B) is a weight average molecular weight in terms of polystyrene determined from measurement by gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
- GPC gel permeation chromatography
- the processability of the rubber composition of the present invention is improved, and the affinity of the filler (C) described later in the resulting rubber composition is improved, so that the filler (C) of the rubber composition is produced when the rubber composition is produced.
- modified liquid rubber (B) being easily present in the vicinity of the filler (C)
- a crosslinked product having excellent wear resistance is obtained.
- a tire made of the crosslinked product has good handling stability, rolling resistance performance, and the like.
- two or more kinds of modified liquid diene rubbers (B) having different Mw may be used in combination.
- the molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is preferably 1.0 to 20.0, more preferably 1.0 to 15.0, and even more preferably 1.0 to 10.0. It is more preferable that Mw / Mn is in the above-mentioned range because the variation of the viscosity of the resulting modified liquid diene rubber (B) is small.
- molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) means the ratio of weight average molecular weight (Mw) / number average molecular weight (Mn) in terms of standard polystyrene determined by GPC measurement.
- the vinyl content of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is 70 mol% or less, preferably 68 mol% or less, and more preferably 65 mol% or less.
- the vinyl content of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is preferably 0.5 mol% or more, and more preferably 1 mol% or more.
- the “vinyl content” means 1,2- in a total of 100 mol% of isoprene units, butadiene units and isoprene units, and conjugated diene (b1) units other than butadiene units contained in the modified liquid diene rubber.
- the vinyl content is determined based on the peak derived from a conjugated diene unit bonded by 1,2-bond or 3,4-bond and the conjugated diene unit bonded by 1,4-bond. It can be calculated from the area ratio of the peak derived.
- the compatibility between the modified liquid rubber (B) and the solid rubber (A) is deteriorated, so that the crosslinked state in which the filler (C) is dispersed in the rubber composition can be obtained.
- the dispersibility in the rubber composition may be deteriorated, and there is a tendency that the Payne effect of the obtained crosslinked product is not reduced.
- the wear resistance of the resulting crosslinked product tends to deteriorate.
- the vinyl content of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is, for example, the type of solvent used when producing the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′), the polar compound used as necessary, and the polymerization.
- a desired value can be obtained by controlling the temperature or the like.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is derived from the vinyl content of isoprene units, butadiene units and conjugated diene (b1) units, the type of conjugated diene (b1), and monomers other than conjugated dienes. However, it is preferably ⁇ 150 to 50 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 130 to 50 ° C., and further preferably ⁇ 130 to 30 ° C.
- Tg is in the above range, for example, the rolling resistance performance of a tire made of a crosslinked product obtained from the rubber composition is improved. Moreover, it can suppress that a viscosity becomes high and can handle it easily.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the amount of catalyst residue derived from the polymerization catalyst used for the production thereof is preferably in the range of 0 to 200 ppm in terms of metal.
- an organic alkali metal such as an organic lithium compound
- a catalyst residue The metal used as a reference for the amount is an alkali metal such as lithium.
- the amount of catalyst residue derived from the polymerization catalyst used in the production of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is more preferably 0 to 150 ppm, and still more preferably 0 to 100 ppm in terms of metal.
- the amount of catalyst residue can be measured by using, for example, a polarized Zeeman atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B) or the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B ′) as a raw material is purified to obtain a catalyst residue.
- a method for sufficiently removing For example, a method for sufficiently removing.
- the number of washings is preferably 1 to 20 times and more preferably 1 to 10 times from the economical viewpoint.
- the washing temperature is preferably 20 to 100 ° C., more preferably 40 to 90 ° C.
- the amount of catalyst residue in the rubber composition containing the solid rubber (A), the modified liquid diene rubber (B) and the filler (C) of the present invention is 0 to 200 ppm in terms of metal. It is preferably 0 to 150 ppm, more preferably 0 to 100 ppm.
- the amount of catalyst residue in this case is the amount of catalyst residue derived from the polymerization catalyst used for the production of the solid rubber (A), the modified liquid diene rubber (B) and / or other optional components contained in the rubber composition. Also good.
- the content of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A) is 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 45 parts by mass, 0.5-40 parts by mass is more preferable, 1-40 parts by mass is more preferable, and 2-40 parts by mass is even more preferable.
- the content of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is within the above range, the dispersion state of the filler (C) in the rubber composition becomes ideal (for example, the effect of reducing the pain effect in the resulting crosslinked product). ), Wear resistance is improved, and for example, steering stability and rolling resistance performance of tires and the like are improved.
- filler (C) for example, carbon black, silica, clay, mica, calcium carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, barium sulfate, titanium oxide, glass fiber, fibrous filler, examples thereof include inorganic fillers such as glass balloons; organic fillers such as resin particles, wood powder, and cork powder.
- inorganic fillers such as glass balloons
- organic fillers such as resin particles, wood powder, and cork powder.
- carbon black and silica are preferable from the viewpoint of improving physical properties such as improvement of mechanical strength.
- Examples of the carbon black include furnace black, channel black, thermal black, acetylene black, and ketjen black. Of these carbon blacks, furnace black is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the crosslinking speed and mechanical strength. These carbon blacks may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the average particle size of the carbon black is preferably 5 to 100 nm, more preferably 5 to 80 nm, and further preferably 5 to 70 nm from the viewpoint of improving dispersibility, mechanical strength, hardness and the like.
- the average particle size of carbon black can be determined by measuring the particle diameter with a transmission electron microscope and calculating the average value.
- Examples of commercially available products of the furnace black include Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation “Diamond Black” and Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd. “Seast”.
- Examples of commercially available acetylene black include “DENKA BLACK” manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.
- Examples of commercially available ketjen black include “ECP600JD” manufactured by Lion Corporation.
- the above carbon black is subjected to acid treatment with nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid or a mixed acid thereof, or surface oxidation treatment by heat treatment in the presence of air. May be performed.
- heat treatment may be performed at 2,000 to 3,000 ° C. in the presence of a graphitization catalyst.
- Examples of the graphitization catalyst include boron, boron oxide (for example, B 2 O 2 , B 2 O 3 , B 4 O 3 , B 4 O 5 ), boron oxoacid (for example, orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, Tetraboric acid etc.) and salts thereof, boron carbide (eg B 4 C, B 6 C etc.), boron nitride (BN), and other boron compounds are preferably used.
- boron oxide for example, B 2 O 2 , B 2 O 3 , B 4 O 3 , B 4 O 5
- boron oxoacid for example, orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, Tetraboric acid etc.
- boron carbide eg B 4 C, B 6 C etc.
- BN boron nitride
- other boron compounds are preferably used.
- the carbon black can be used after adjusting the particle size by pulverization or the like.
- high-speed rotary pulverizer hammer mill, pin mill, cage mill
- various ball mills rolling mill, vibration mill, planetary mill
- stirring mill be used for carbon black pulverization.
- silica examples include wet silica (hydrous silicic acid), dry silica (anhydrous silicic acid), calcium silicate, aluminum silicate and the like.
- wet silica is preferable from the viewpoint of further improving processability, mechanical strength, and wear resistance.
- These silicas may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the average particle diameter of silica is preferably 0.5 to 200 nm, more preferably 5 to 150 nm, and even more preferably 10 to 100 nm from the viewpoint of improving processability, rolling resistance performance, mechanical strength, and wear resistance.
- the average particle diameter of silica can be determined by measuring the diameter of the particles with a transmission electron microscope and calculating the average value.
- the content of the filler (C) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A) is 20 to 200 parts by mass, preferably 20 to 180 parts by mass, and more preferably 25 to 150 parts by mass.
- the content of the filler (C) is within the above range, workability, rolling resistance performance, mechanical strength and wear resistance are improved.
- the content thereof is preferably 20 to 120 parts by mass, and 20 to 90 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A). Is more preferable, and 20 to 80 parts by mass is even more preferable.
- These fillers (C) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the rubber composition of the present invention may further contain a crosslinking agent (D) in order to crosslink the rubber.
- a crosslinking agent (D) include sulfur, sulfur compounds, oxygen, organic peroxides, phenol resins, amino resins, quinone and quinone dioxime derivatives, halogen compounds, aldehyde compounds, alcohol compounds, epoxy compounds, metal halides. And organometallic halides and silane compounds.
- the sulfur compound include morpholine disulfide and alkylphenol disulfide.
- organic peroxide examples include cyclohexanone peroxide, methyl acetoacetate peroxide, t-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, and di-t-oxide. -Butyl peroxide, 1,3-bis (t-butylperoxyisopropyl) benzene and the like.
- These crosslinking agents (D) may be used individually by 1 type, and may use 2 or more types together.
- the crosslinking agent (D) is usually 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A) from the viewpoint of mechanical properties of the crosslinked product. 0.8 to 5 parts by mass is contained.
- the rubber composition of the present invention further contains a vulcanization accelerator (E) when sulfur, a sulfur compound or the like is contained as a crosslinking agent (D) for crosslinking (vulcanizing) rubber, for example.
- a vulcanization accelerator (E) examples include guanidine compounds, sulfenamide compounds, thiazole compounds, thiuram compounds, thiourea compounds, dithiocarbamic acid compounds, aldehyde-amine compounds, aldehyde-ammonia compounds. Imidazoline compounds, xanthate compounds, and the like.
- These vulcanization accelerators (E) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the vulcanization accelerator (E) is usually contained in an amount of 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A).
- the rubber composition of the present invention further contains a vulcanization aid (F), for example, when sulfur, sulfur compounds, etc. are contained as a crosslinking agent (D) for crosslinking (vulcanizing) rubber. It may be.
- a vulcanization aid (F) include fatty acids such as stearic acid, metal oxides such as zinc white, and fatty acid metal salts such as zinc stearate. These vulcanization aids (F) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the vulcanization aid (F) is usually contained in an amount of 0.1 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the solid rubber (A).
- silica when silica is contained as the filler (C), it is a preferable embodiment that a silane coupling agent is contained.
- the silane coupling agent include sulfide compounds, mercapto compounds, vinyl compounds, amino compounds, glycidoxy compounds, nitro compounds, chloro compounds, and the like.
- sulfide compounds include bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (2-triethoxysilylethyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, and bis (2-trimethoxy).
- Silylethyl) tetrasulfide bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) Disulfide, 3-trimethoxysilylpropyl-N, N-dimethylthiocarbamoyl tetrasulfide, 3-triethoxysilylpropyl-N, N-dimethylthiocarbamoyl tetrasulfide, 2-trimethoxysilylethyl-N N-dimethylthiocarbamoyl tetrasulfide, 3-trimethoxysilylpropylbenzothiazole tetrasulfide, 3-triethoxysilylpropylbenzothiazole tetrasulfide, 3-trieth
- Examples of the mercapto compound include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-mercaptoethyltrimethoxysilane, and 2-mercaptoethyltriethoxysilane.
- Examples of vinyl compounds include vinyl triethoxysilane and vinyl trimethoxysilane.
- Examples of amino compounds include 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (2-aminoethyl) aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 3- (2-aminoethyl) aminopropyltrimethyl. And methoxysilane.
- glycidoxy compounds include ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltriethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethyldiethoxysilane, and ⁇ -glycidoxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane. Is mentioned.
- Examples of the nitro compound include 3-nitropropyltrimethoxysilane and 3-nitropropyltriethoxysilane.
- Examples of the chloro compound include 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane, 2-chloroethyltrimethoxysilane, and 2-chloroethyltriethoxysilane.
- silane coupling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- silane coupling agents bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, and 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane are used from the viewpoint of high addition effect and cost. Is preferred.
- the silane coupling agent is preferably contained in an amount of 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 20 parts by mass, and further preferably 1 to 15 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica.
- content of the silane coupling agent is within the above range, dispersibility, coupling effect, reinforcing property, and wear resistance are improved.
- the rubber composition of the present invention is intended to improve processability, fluidity, etc. within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention, and if necessary, silicon oil, aroma oil, TDAE (Treated Distilled Aromatic Extracts), MES ( Mild Extracted Solvates), RAE (Residual Aromatic Extracts), paraffin oil, naphthenic oil and other process oils, aliphatic hydrocarbon resins, alicyclic hydrocarbon resins, C9 resins, rosin resins, coumarone / indene resins, phenols
- a resin component such as a resin may be contained as a softening agent.
- the content is preferably less than 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid rubber (A).
- the rubber composition of the present invention is an anti-aging agent, a wax, an antioxidant, a lubricant, if necessary for the purpose of improving weather resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, etc., as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Light stabilizers, scorch inhibitors, processing aids, colorants such as pigments and dyes, flame retardants, antistatic agents, matting agents, antiblocking agents, UV absorbers, mold release agents, foaming agents, antibacterial agents, and antibacterial agents You may contain additives, such as a mold agent and a fragrance
- the antioxidant include hindered phenol compounds, phosphorus compounds, lactone compounds, hydroxyl compounds, and the like.
- the antiaging agent include amine-ketone compounds, imidazole compounds, amine compounds, phenol compounds, sulfur compounds, and phosphorus compounds. These additives may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the manufacturing method of the rubber composition of this invention will not be specifically limited if said each component can be mixed uniformly.
- a tangential or meshing type closed kneader such as a kneader ruder, a brabender, a banbury mixer, an internal mixer, a single screw extruder, a twin screw extruder, a mixing roll, etc. , And rollers.
- the rubber composition can be produced usually in the temperature range of 70 to 270 ° C.
- a crosslinked product can be obtained by crosslinking the rubber composition of the present invention.
- the crosslinking conditions of the rubber composition can be appropriately set according to the use and the like. For example, when sulfur or a sulfur compound is used as a cross-linking agent and the rubber composition is cross-linked (vulcanized) with a mold, the cross-linking temperature is usually 120 to 200 ° C., and the pressurizing condition is usually 0.5 to 2.0 MPa. Can be crosslinked (vulcanized).
- the extraction rate of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) from the crosslinked product is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 15% by mass or less, and further preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the extraction rate can be calculated from the amount of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) that is obtained by immersing 2 g of the crosslinked product in 400 mL of toluene and extracting it in toluene after 48 hours at 23 ° C.
- the rubber composition of the present invention and the crosslinked product of the rubber composition can also be used as at least a part of a tire.
- the tire thus obtained has an ideal dispersed state of filler (C) (for example, the Pain effect is sufficiently reduced), so that it has excellent rolling resistance performance and wear resistance. Good properties.
- Production Example 1 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-1) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, 1250 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- B-1 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-1) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the
- Production Example 2 Production of Modified Liquid Diene Rubber (B-2) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1100 g of hexane and 204 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. Then, 1300 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- B-2 Modified Liquid Diene Rubber
- Production Example 3 Production of Modified Liquid Diene Rubber (B-3) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, 1250 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- B-3 Modified Liquid Diene Rubber
- Production Example 4 Production of Modified Liquid Diene Rubber (B-4) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After the temperature was raised, 1250 g of a mixture of butadiene and isoprene prepared in advance (mixed in a cylinder with 1000 g of butadiene and 250 g of isoprene) was sequentially added while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Polymerized for 1 hour. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution.
- B-4 Modified Liquid Diene Rubber
- Production Example 5 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-5) A fully dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1660 g of cyclohexane and 142 g of sec-butyllithium (10.5 mass% cyclohexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions, 7.5 g of tetrahydrofuran and a mixture of butadiene and styrene prepared in advance (mixing 720 g of butadiene and 480 g of styrene in a cylinder) 1200 g Were sequentially added and polymerized for 1 hour.
- Production Example 6 Production of Modified Liquid Diene Rubber (B-6) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, 1250 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- B-6 Modified Liquid Diene Rubber
- Production Example 7 Production of Modified Liquid Diene Rubber (B-7) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, 1250 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- Production Example 8 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-8) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 97.9 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. After raising the temperature, 1250 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- Production Example 9 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-9) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1100 g of hexane and 204 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. Then, 1300 g of butadiene was successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- Production Example 10 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-10) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1150 g of hexane and 154 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. Thereafter, 10 g of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine and 1250 g of butadiene were successively added to carry out polymerization for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution.
- the modified liquid diene rubber (B-10) was prepared by adding 0.2 g of 1,1-bis (t-hexylperoxy) cyclohexane and 130 g of (3-mercaptopropyl) triethoxysilane and reacting at 105 ° C. for 8 hours.
- Production Example 12 Production of modified liquid diene rubber (B-12) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1100 g of hexane and 204 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50 ° C. Then, 18 g of N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine and 1300 g of butadiene were successively added and polymerized for 1 hour while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions. Thereafter, methanol was added to stop the polymerization reaction to obtain a polymer solution. Water was added to the resulting polymer solution and stirred, and the polymer solution was washed with water.
- B-12 A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1100 g of hexane and 204 g of n-butyllithium (17% by mass hexane solution), and heated to 50
- Production Example 13 Production of liquid diene rubber (B-13) A well-dried 5 L autoclave was purged with nitrogen, charged with 1660 g of cyclohexane and 142 g of sec-butyllithium (10.5% by mass cyclohexane solution) and heated to 50 ° C. After heating, while controlling the polymerization temperature to be 50 ° C. under stirring conditions, 5.7 g of tetrahydrofuran and a mixture of butadiene and styrene prepared in advance (mixing 720 g of butadiene and 480 g of styrene in a cylinder) Sequentially added and polymerized for 1 hour.
- the measuring method and calculating method of each physical property of the modified liquid diene rubber obtained in the production example are as follows.
- Mw of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) was determined by GPC (gel permeation chromatography) as a standard polystyrene equivalent molecular weight.
- the measuring apparatus and conditions are as follows.
- GPC device GPC device “GPC8020” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation Separation column: “TSKgel G4000HXL” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation ⁇ Detector: “RI-8020” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation ⁇ Eluent: Tetrahydrofuran ⁇ Eluent flow rate: 1.0 mL / min ⁇ Sample concentration: 5 mg / 10 mL -Column temperature: 40 ° C
- the vinyl content was calculated from the area ratio between the peak of the double bond derived from the vinylated diene compound and the peak of the double bond derived from the non-vinylated diene compound in the obtained spectrum.
- Glass-transition temperature Ten mg of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is sampled on an aluminum pan, a thermogram is measured by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min, and the peak top value of the DDSC is determined as the glass transition temperature. It was.
- DSC differential scanning calorimetry
- melt viscosity at 38 ° C. The melt viscosity of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) at 38 ° C. was measured with a Brookfield viscometer (manufactured by Brookfield Engineering Labs. Inc.).
- the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) can be determined from the equivalent (g / eq) of the functional group of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) and the number average molecular weight Mn in terms of styrene.
- (Average number of functional groups per molecule) [(Number average molecular weight Mn) / (Molecular weight of styrene unit) ⁇ (Average molecular weight of conjugated diene and other monomer units other than conjugated diene if necessary)] / (Equivalent functional group)
- the equivalent of the functional group of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) means the mass of butadiene bonded to one functional group and other monomers other than butadiene contained as necessary.
- the equivalent of the functional group can be calculated from the area ratio of the peak derived from the functional group and the peak derived from the polymer main chain using 1 H-NMR or 13 C-NMR.
- the peak derived from a functional group refers to the peak derived from an alkoxy group.
- Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 According to the blending ratio (parts by mass) described in Tables 2 and 3, solid rubber (A), modified liquid diene rubber (B), filler (C), TDAE, silane coupling agent, zinc white, stearic acid, wax The anti-aging agent and the anti-aging agent were respectively put into a closed Banbury mixer and kneaded for 6 minutes so that the starting temperature was 60 ° C. and the resin temperature was 150 ° C., then taken out of the mixer and cooled to room temperature.
- this mixture was put into a Banbury mixer again, and a rubber composition was obtained by adding a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator and kneading for 75 seconds such that the starting temperature was 50 ° C. and the ultimate temperature was 100 ° C.
- the rubber composition obtained was press-molded (160 ° C., 30 to 50 minutes) to produce a vulcanized rubber sheet (thickness 2 mm), and the Pain effect, rolling resistance performance, and abrasion resistance were based on the following methods. Evaluated. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. In addition, the measuring method of each evaluation is as follows.
- the rubber composition of the present invention is not only excellent in processability and filler dispersibility, but also when a crosslinkable rubber composition is added by adding a crosslinking agent, the filler is dispersed in the crosslinked product obtained from the composition.
- Is ideal for improving physical properties for example, a reduction in the Payne effect is seen
- gives an excellent crosslinked product with improved wear resistance, etc. so that it is used for tires, industrial belts, industrial rubber hoses.
- It can use suitably for industrial member uses, such as.
- a cross-linked product is used for a tire application or the like, it is useful because not only rolling resistance performance is improved but also steering stability can be improved.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、ゴム組成物から得られる架橋物の物性には、従来、両立して向上することが困難とされる物性(例えば、耐摩耗性の向上と転がり抵抗の向上)があり、従来技術ではいまだ改善の余地があった。
また、この物性の向上にはその架橋物中のフィラーの分散状態が関与する可能性があるが、例えば、ゴム組成物中のフィラーの分散性向上の指標となるペイン効果の低減を十分に達成するという視点では、従来の技術ではいまだ改善の余地があった。
すなわち、本発明は以下〔1〕~〔10〕に関する。
前記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)が、下記(i)~(iii)
(i)重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000以上15,000未満、
(ii)ビニル含量が70モル%以下、
(iii)変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)一分子当たりの平均官能基数が1~20個、
を満たす、ゴム組成物。
〔3〕前記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)がイソプレン及び/又はブタジエンの単量体単位を含む重合体である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のゴム組成物。
〔4〕前記フィラー(C)が、カーボンブラック及びシリカから選ばれる少なくとも1種である〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物。
〔6〕前記フィラー(C)がシリカであり、シリカ100質量部に対し、シランカップリング剤を0.1~30質量部含有する、〔4〕又は〔5〕に記載のゴム組成物。
〔7〕前記固形ゴム(A)が、天然ゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンゴム及びイソプレンゴムから選ばれる1種以上である、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物。
〔9〕前記固形ゴム(A)が、スチレン含量が0.1~70質量%であるスチレンブタジエンゴムである、〔7〕又は〔8〕に記載のゴム組成物。
〔10〕〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物を架橋させた架橋物。
〔11〕〔1〕~〔9〕のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物又は〔10〕に記載の架橋物を少なくとも一部に用いたタイヤ。
本発明のゴム組成物で用いる固形ゴム(A)とは、20℃において固形状で取り扱うことができるゴムをいい、固形ゴム(A)の100℃におけるムーニー粘度ML1+4は通常20~200の範囲にある。上記固形ゴム(A)としては、例えば、天然ゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム(以下、「SBR」ともいう。)、ブタジエンゴム、イソプレンゴム、ブチルゴム、ハロゲン化ブチルゴム、エチレンプロピレンジエンゴム、ブタジエンアクリロニトリル共重合体ゴム、クロロプレンゴム、アクリルゴム、フッ素ゴム、及びウレタンゴム等が挙げられる。これら固形ゴム(A)の中でも、天然ゴム、SBR、ブタジエンゴム、及びイソプレンゴムが好ましく、天然ゴム、及びSBRがさらに好ましい。これら固形ゴム(A)は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のゴム組成物で用いる変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)とは、液状の重合体であり、その重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000以上15,000未満の範囲、ビニル含量が70モル%以下であり、前述した式(1)で表されるシラン化合物に由来する官能基を有し、その官能基の変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)一分子当たりの平均官能基数が1~20個の範囲にあるものをいう。本発明のゴム組成物において変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)は後述するフィラー(C)との親和性が高くフィラー(C)近傍に集中しフィラー(C)の補強性に優れ、またフィラー(C)と固形ゴム(A)との相溶性向上にも寄与すると推定される。そのため、ゴム組成物中のフィラー(C)の分散状態が、ゴム組成物から得られる架橋物の物性発現のために理想的であり、例えば、ゴム組成物中のフィラー(C)の分散性に優れ、そのゴム組成物から得られる架橋物のペイン効果が十分に低減する場合がある。また、その架橋物の、耐摩耗性等の機械強度に優れる。また、例えば該架橋物をタイヤ等として用いた場合には、操縦安定性が向上し、さらに転がり抵抗性能も向上する。
ラジカル重合開始剤としては、例えば過硫酸アンモニウムや過硫酸カリウムのような過硫酸塩、有機過酸化物、過酸化水素等が挙げられる。
このようにして得られた未変性の液状ジエン系ゴム(B')は、そのまま後述する式(1)で表されるシラン化合物に由来する官能基による変性が行われてもよいが、その液状ジエン系ゴム中に含まれる不飽和結合の少なくとも一部を水素添加した後に変性が行われてもよい。
(一分子当たりの平均官能基数)=[(数平均分子量Mn)/(スチレン単位の分子量)×(共役ジエン及び必要に応じて含まれる共役ジエン以外の他の単量体単位の平均分子量)]/(官能基の当量)
この時に用いる好ましい老化防止剤としては、例えば、2,6-ジt-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール(BHT)、2,2'-メチレンビス(4-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4'-チオビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)、4,4'-ブチリデンビス(3-メチル-6-t-ブチルフェノール)(AO-40)、3,9-ビス[1,1-ジメチル-2-[3-(3-t-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオニルオキシ]エチル]-2,4,8,10-テトラオキサスピロ[5.5]ウンデカン(AO-80)、2,4-ビス[(オクチルチオ)メチル]-6-メチルフェノール(Irganox1520L)、2,4-ビス[(ドデシルチオ)メチル]-6-メチルフェノール(Irganox1726)、2-[1-(2-ヒドロキシ-3,5-ジt-ペンチルフェニル)エチル]-4,6-ジt-ペンチルフェニルアクリレート(SumilizerGS)、2-tブチル-6-(3-t-ブチル-2-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルベンジル)-4-メチルフェニルアクリレート(SumilizerGM)、6-t-ブチル-4-[3-(2,4,8,10-テトラ-t-ブチルジベンゾ[d,f][1,3,2]ジオキサホスフェピン-6-イルオキシ)プロピル]-2-メチルフェノール(SumilizerGP)、亜りん酸トリス(2,4-ジt-ブチルフェニル)(Irgafos168)、ジオクタデシル3,3'-ジチオビスプロピオネート、ヒドロキノン、p-メトキシフェノール、N-フェニル-N'-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-p-フェニレンジアミン(ノクラック6C)、ビス(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-4-ピペリジル)セバケート(LA-77Y)、N,N-ジオクタデシルヒドロキシルアミン(IrgastabFS042)、ビス(4-t-オクチルフェニル)アミン(Irganox5057)などが挙げられる。上記老化防止剤は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
この変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)において、官能基が導入される位置については重合末端であってもよく、重合体鎖の側鎖であってもよいが、複数の官能基を容易に導入できるという観点で、重合鎖の側鎖であることが好ましい。また上記官能基は1種単独で含まれていてもよく2種以上含まれていてもよい。したがって、変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)は、変性化合物1種により変性されたものであってもよく、また2種以上の変性化合物で変性されていてもよい。
上記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)は、その製造に用いる重合触媒に由来する触媒残渣量が、金属換算で0~200ppmの範囲にあることが好ましい。例えば、変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の原料となる未変性の液状ジエン系ゴム(B')を製造するための重合触媒として有機リチウム化合物等の有機アルカリ金属を用いた場合には、触媒残渣量の基準となる金属は、リチウム等のアルカリ金属になる。触媒残渣量が上記範囲にあることにより、加工等する際にタックが低下せず、また本発明のゴム組成物から得られる架橋物の耐熱性、タイヤの転がり抵抗性能が向上する。変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の製造に用いる重合触媒に由来する触媒残渣量としては、金属換算で、より好ましくは0~150ppm、さらに好ましくは0~100ppmである。なお、触媒残渣量は、例えば偏光ゼーマン原子吸光分光光度計を用いることにより測定できる。
本発明のゴム組成物で用いるフィラー(C)としては、例えば、カーボンブラック、シリカ、クレー、マイカ、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸バリウム、酸化チタン、ガラス繊維、繊維状フィラー、ガラスバルーン等の無機フィラー;樹脂粒子、木粉、及びコルク粉等の有機フィラーなどが挙げられる。このようなフィラーがゴム組成物に含まれることにより、機械強度、耐熱性、又は耐候性等の物性の改善、硬度の調整、ゴムの増量をすることができる。機械強度の向上等の物性の改善などの観点からは、上記フィラー(C)の中でも、カーボンブラック及びシリカが好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物において、固形ゴム(A)100質量部に対するフィラー(C)の含有量は20~200質量部であり、20~180質量部が好ましく、25~150質量部がより好ましい。フィラー(C)の含有量が前記範囲内であると、加工性、転がり抵抗性能、機械強度及び耐摩耗性が向上する。
これらフィラー(C)は1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のゴム組成物は、そのゴムを架橋するために、さらに架橋剤(D)を含有していてもよい。架橋剤(D)としては、例えば、硫黄、硫黄化合物、酸素、有機過酸化物、フェノール樹脂、アミノ樹脂、キノン及びキノンジオキシム誘導体、ハロゲン化合物、アルデヒド化合物、アルコール化合物、エポキシ化合物、金属ハロゲン化物及び有機金属ハロゲン化物、及びシラン化合物などが挙げられる。硫黄化合物としては、例えば、モルホリンジスルフィド、及びアルキルフェノールジスルフィドなどが挙げられる。有機過酸化物としては、例えば、シクロヘキサノンパーオキサイド、メチルアセトアセテートパーオキサイド、t-ブチルパーオキシイソブチレート、t-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエート、ベンゾイルパーオキサイド、ラウロイルパーオキサイド、ジクミルパーオキサイド、ジt-ブチルパーオキサイド、及び1,3-ビス(t-ブチルパーオキシイソプロピル)ベンゼンなどが挙げられる。これら架橋剤(D)は1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。上記架橋剤(D)は、架橋物の力学物性の観点から、固形ゴム(A)100質量部に対し、通常0.1~10質量部、好ましくは0.5~10質量部、より好ましくは0.8~5質量部含有される。
アミノ系化合物としては、例えば、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-(2-アミノエチル)アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、及び3-(2-アミノエチル)アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどが挙げられる。
クロロ系化合物としては、例えば、3-クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-クロロプロピルトリエトキシシラン、2-クロロエチルトリメトキシシラン、及び2-クロロエチルトリエトキシシランなどが挙げられる。
本発明のゴム組成物の製造方法は、上記各成分を均一に混合できれば特に限定されない。ゴム組成物の製造に用いる装置としては、例えば、ニーダールーダー、ブラベンダー、バンバリーミキサー、インターナルミキサー等の接線式又は噛合式の密閉式混練機、単軸押出機、二軸押出機、ミキシングロール、及びローラーなどが挙げられる。上記ゴム組成物を製造は、通常70~270℃の温度範囲で行うことができる。
本発明のゴム組成物を架橋することにより、架橋物を得ることができる。ゴム組成物の架橋条件は、その用途等に応じて適宜設定できる。例えば、硫黄又は硫黄化合物を架橋剤とし、ゴム組成物を金型により架橋(加硫)する場合には、架橋温度は通常120~200℃、加圧条件は通常0.5~2.0MPaとし、架橋(加硫)することができる。
なお、上記抽出率は、架橋物2gをトルエン400mL中に浸漬し、23℃で48時間後にトルエン中に抽出された変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の量から算出することができる。
本実施例及び比較例において使用した各成分は以下のとおりである。
溶液重合スチレンブタジエンゴム:HPR355(JSR株式会社製)アルコキシシランでカップリングし末端に導入、R1、R2及びR3=-OCH3、R4及びR5=H、n=3)、スチレン含量:28質量%、ビニル含量56質量%)
ブタジエンゴム:BR01(JSR株式会社製、Mw:55万、シス体含有量95質量%)
乳化重合スチレンブタジエンゴム:JSR1500(JSR株式会社製)
<変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)>
後述の製造例1~12で得られた変性液状ジエン系ゴム及び製造例13~14で得られた液状ジエン系ゴム
<フィラー(C)>
シリカ :ULTRASIL7000GR(エボニック デグサ ジャパン製、湿式シリカ、平均粒径14nm)
<架橋剤(D)>
硫黄(微粉硫黄200メッシュ、鶴見化学工業株式会社製)
<加硫促進剤(E)>
加硫促進剤(1):ノクセラーCZ-G (大内新興化学工業株式会社製)
加硫促進剤(2):ノクセラーD (大内新興化学工業株式会社製)
加硫促進剤(3):ノクセラーTBT-N(大内新興化学工業株式会社製)
加硫促進剤(4):サンセラーNS (三新化学工業株式会社製)
加硫促進剤(5):ノクセラーM (大内新興化学工業株式会社製)
<加硫助剤(F)>
ステアリン酸 :ルナックS-20(花王株式会社製)
亜鉛華 :酸化亜鉛(堺化学工業株式会社製)
<任意成分>
TDAE :VivaTec500(H&R社製)
シランカップリング剤(1):Si-75(エボニック デグサ ジャパン製)
シランカップリング剤(2):A-137(モメンティブ・パフォーマンス・マテリアルズ社製)
老化防止剤(1):ノクラック6C(大内新興化学工業株式会社製)
ワックス :サンタイトS(精工化学株式会社製)
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-1)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1100g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)204gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1300gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-2)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-3)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、予め調製したブタジエン、イソプレンの混合物(ブタジエン1000gとイソプレン250gとをボンベ内で混合)1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-4)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、シクロヘキサン1660g及びsec-ブチルリチウム(10.5質量%シクロヘキサン溶液)142gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、テトラヒドロフラン7.5gと、予め調製したブタジエン、スチレンの混合物(ブタジエン720gとスチレン480gとをボンベ内で混合)1200gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-5)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-6)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-7)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)97.9gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-8)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1100g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)204gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1300gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-9)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1150g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)154gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、N,N,N',N'-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン10gと、ブタジエン1250gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-10)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1100g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)204gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1300gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-11)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1100g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)204gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、N,N,N',N'-テトラメチルエチレンジアミン18gと、ブタジエン1300gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、未変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B'-12)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、シクロヘキサン1660g及びsec-ブチルリチウム(10.5質量%シクロヘキサン溶液)142gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、テトラヒドロフラン5.7gと、予め調製したブタジエン、スチレンの混合物(ブタジエン720gとスチレン480gとをボンベ内で混合)1200gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、液状ジエン系ゴム(B-13)を得た。
十分に乾燥した5Lオートクレーブを窒素置換し、ヘキサン1100g及びn-ブチルリチウム(17質量%ヘキサン溶液)204gを仕込み、50℃に昇温した後、撹拌条件下、重合温度を50℃となるように制御しながら、ブタジエン1300gを逐次添加して、1時間重合した。その後メタノールを添加して重合反応を停止させ、重合体溶液を得た。得られた重合体溶液に水を添加して撹拌し、水で重合体溶液を洗浄した。撹拌を終了し、重合体溶液相と水相とが分離していることを確認した後、水を分離した。洗浄終了後の重合体溶液を70℃で24時間真空乾燥することにより、液状ジエン系ゴム(B-14)を得た。
(重量平均分子量の測定方法)
変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)のMwは、GPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー)により標準ポリスチレン換算分子量で求めた。測定装置及び条件は、以下の通りである。
・装置 :東ソー株式会社製GPC装置「GPC8020」
・分離カラム :東ソー株式会社製「TSKgelG4000HXL」
・検出器 :東ソー株式会社製「RI-8020」
・溶離液 :テトラヒドロフラン
・溶離液流量 :1.0mL/分
・サンプル濃度:5mg/10mL
・カラム温度 :40℃
変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)のビニル含量を、日本電子株式会社製1H-NMR(500MHz)を使用し、サンプル/重クロロホルム=50mg/1mLの濃度、積算回数1024回で測定した。得られたスペクトルのビニル化されたジエン化合物由来の二重結合のピークと、ビニル化されていないジエン化合物由来の二重結合のピークとの面積比から、ビニル含量を算出した。
変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)10mgをアルミパンに採取し、示差走査熱量測定(DSC)により10℃/分の昇温速度条件においてサーモグラムを測定し、DDSCのピークトップの値をガラス転移温度とした。
変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の38℃における溶融粘度をブルックフィールド型粘度計(BROOKFIELD ENGINEERING LABS. INC.製)により測定した。
変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)一分子当たりの平均官能基数は、変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の官能基の当量(g/eq)とスチレン換算の数平均分子量Mnより求めることができる。
(一分子当たりの平均官能基数)=[(数平均分子量Mn)/(スチレン単位の分子量)×(共役ジエン及び必要に応じて含まれる共役ジエン以外の他の単量体単位の平均分子量)]/(官能基の当量)
以下、製造例1~14で得られた変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B-1)~(B-12)及び液状ジエン系ゴム(B-13)~(B-14)の物性を表1にまとめる。
表2、3に記載した配合割合(質量部)にしたがって、固形ゴム(A)、変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)、フィラー(C)、TDAE、シランカップリング剤、亜鉛華、ステアリン酸、ワックス、及び老化防止剤を、それぞれ密閉式バンバリーミキサーに投入して開始温度60℃、樹脂温度が150℃となるように6分間混練した後、ミキサー外に取り出して室温まで冷却した。次いで、この混合物を再度バンバリーミキサーに入れ、加硫剤及び加硫促進剤を加えて開始温度50℃、到達温度100℃となるように75秒混練することでゴム組成物を得た。
なお、各評価の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
実施例及び比較例で作製したゴム組成物のシートから縦40mm×横5mmの試験片を切り出し、GABO社製動的粘弾性測定装置を用いて、測定温度25℃、歪0.5%の貯蔵弾性率E'(0.5%)と、歪5.0%の貯蔵弾性率E'(5.0%)を測定し、E'(0.5%)とE'(5.0%)の差(絶対値)を算出した。各実施例及び比較例の数値は、表2の比較例1、表3の比較例6の値を100とした際の相対値である。数値が小さいほどペイン効果が低減されシリカの分散性が良好であることを示す。
実施例及び比較例で作製したゴム組成物のシートから縦40mm×横5mmの試験片を切り出し、GABO社製動的粘弾性測定装置を用いて、測定温度60℃、周波数10Hz、静的歪み10%、動的歪み2%の条件で、tanδを測定し、転がり抵抗性能の指標とした。各実施例及び比較例の数値は、表2の比較例1、表3の比較例6の値を100とした際の相対値である。なお、数値が小さいほどゴム組成物の転がり抵抗性能が良好である。
JIS K 6264に準拠して、10N荷重下、摩耗距離40mでのDIN摩耗量を測定した。表2における各実施例及び比較例の数値は、DIN摩耗量の逆数において表2の比較例1、表3の比較例6の値を100とした際の相対値である。なお、数値が大きいほど摩耗量が少なく耐摩耗性が良好である。
Claims (11)
- 固形ゴム(A)100質量部に対して、下記式(1)で表されるシラン化合物に由来する官能基を有する変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)を0.1~50質量部、及びフィラー(C)を20~200質量部含有するゴム組成物であり、
前記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)が、下記(i)~(iii)
(i)重量平均分子量(Mw)が1,000以上15,000未満、
(ii)ビニル含量が70モル%以下、
(iii)変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)一分子当たりの平均官能基数が1~20個、
を満たす、ゴム組成物。
- 前記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)の38℃における溶融粘度が0.1~2,000Pa・sである、請求項1に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記変性液状ジエン系ゴム(B)がイソプレン及び/又はブタジエンの単量体単位を含む重合体である、請求項1又は2に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記フィラー(C)が、カーボンブラック及びシリカから選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記フィラー(C)が、平均粒径5~100nmのカーボンブラック及び平均粒径が0.5~200nmのシリカから選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項4に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記フィラー(C)がシリカであり、シリカ100質量部に対し、シランカップリング剤を0.1~30質量部含有する、請求項4又は5に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記固形ゴム(A)が、天然ゴム、スチレンブタジエンゴム、ブタジエンゴム及びイソプレンゴムから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記固形ゴム(A)が、重量平均分子量が100,000~2,500,000のスチレンブタジエンゴムである、請求項7に記載のゴム組成物。
- 前記固形ゴム(A)が、スチレン含量が0.1~70質量%であるスチレンブタジエンゴムである、請求項7又は8に記載のゴム組成物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物を架橋させた架橋物。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のゴム組成物又は請求項10に記載の架橋物を少なくとも一部に用いたタイヤ。
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JP2022542498A (ja) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-10-04 | コンパニー ゼネラール デ エタブリッスマン ミシュラン | ゴム組成物 |
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WO2022196688A1 (ja) | 2021-03-18 | 2022-09-22 | 株式会社クラレ | ゴム混練用配合材およびゴム混練用配合材を用いた密閉梱包物、ゴム混練用配合材の製造方法およびゴム組成物の製造方法 |
WO2023026782A1 (ja) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-03-02 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | ラテックス組成物およびディップ成形体 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2023166459A (ja) | 2023-11-21 |
PT3508526T (pt) | 2023-07-19 |
US20190194429A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
JP7518603B2 (ja) | 2024-07-18 |
EP3508526B1 (en) | 2023-07-12 |
CN109642055A (zh) | 2019-04-16 |
KR102394014B1 (ko) | 2022-05-03 |
CA3035648A1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
KR20190046829A (ko) | 2019-05-07 |
CA3035648C (en) | 2024-02-06 |
CN109642055B (zh) | 2021-07-02 |
EP3508526A1 (en) | 2019-07-10 |
US11124631B2 (en) | 2021-09-21 |
TWI733893B (zh) | 2021-07-21 |
HUE063330T2 (hu) | 2024-01-28 |
TW201811836A (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
EP3508526A4 (en) | 2020-01-15 |
JPWO2018043699A1 (ja) | 2019-06-24 |
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