WO2014148316A1 - 摺動部品 - Google Patents
摺動部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014148316A1 WO2014148316A1 PCT/JP2014/056321 JP2014056321W WO2014148316A1 WO 2014148316 A1 WO2014148316 A1 WO 2014148316A1 JP 2014056321 W JP2014056321 W JP 2014056321W WO 2014148316 A1 WO2014148316 A1 WO 2014148316A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- groove
- pressure
- pressure generating
- sliding
- negative pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/74—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/741—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid
- F16C33/748—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings by means of a fluid flowing to or from the sealing gap, e.g. vacuum seals with differential exhaust
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/02—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only
- F16C17/026—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for radial load only with helical grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. herringbone grooves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
- F16J15/3416—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities with at least one continuous groove
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
- F16J15/342—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities with means for feeding fluid directly to the face
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding part suitable for a sliding part, for example, a mechanical seal, a bearing, and the like.
- the present invention relates to a sliding component such as a seal ring or a bearing that requires a fluid to be interposed in the sliding surface to reduce friction and prevent fluid from leaking from the sliding surface.
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component
- its performance is evaluated by a leakage amount, a wear amount, and a torque.
- the performance is improved by optimizing the sliding material and sliding surface roughness of the mechanical seal, and low leakage, long life, and low torque are realized.
- further improvement in the performance of mechanical seals is required, and technical development that exceeds the framework of conventional techniques is required.
- the present applicant has patented an invention of a sliding component that does not leak when stationary, operates at the beginning of rotation, including fluid lubrication, prevents leakage, and achieves both sealing and lubrication. (Hereinafter referred to as “prior art”; see Patent Document 1).
- the outer peripheral side of the annular sliding member 31 is the high-pressure fluid side
- the inner peripheral side is the low-pressure fluid side
- the high-pressure side of the sliding surface 32 is
- the groove portion 35 of the Rayleigh step mechanism 33 constituting the positive pressure generating mechanism is provided on the low pressure side
- the groove portion 36 of the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism 34 constituting the negative pressure generating mechanism is provided on the low pressure side.
- the groove 35, the pressure relief groove 45, and the groove 36 are communicated to the high pressure fluid side through the radial groove 37, and are separated from the low pressure fluid side by the seal surface 38.
- the sliding component a sliding component having a shape in which the radial groove 37 is inclined from the inner peripheral side communicating with the groove portion 36 toward the outer peripheral side in the rotational direction of the mating sliding surface has been proposed.
- the fluid on the sliding surface 32 is discharged in the direction indicated by the arrow 46.
- the groove depth of the groove portion 35 and the groove portion 36 is about several ⁇ m
- the depth of the radial groove 37 and the pressure release groove 45 is about 10 ⁇ m
- the groove of the radial groove 37 and the pressure release groove 45 is The depth is sufficiently deeper than the groove depths of the groove part 35 and the groove part 36.
- the above-described conventional technique is extremely excellent in that it does not leak at rest, operates in fluid lubrication at the time of rotation including the initial stage of rotation, prevents leakage, and achieves both sealing and lubrication.
- the outer peripheral side of the radial groove 37 is orthogonal to the tangent to the outer peripheral portion, and the inner peripheral side communicating with the groove portion 36 is The shape is set to be inclined only in the rotation direction of the mating sliding surface. For this reason, it is difficult to take in fluid from the radial groove. For example, when foreign matter or air bubbles are taken into the sliding surface, leakage of the sliding surface, wear or burnout due to frictional heat generation, etc. occur. It has been confirmed by the present inventor that the function of the device may be degraded.
- the present invention was made in order to improve the problematic points while taking advantage of the advantages of the prior art.
- the sliding surface is positively made compatible with the conflicting conditions of sealing and lubrication. Even when foreign matter or bubbles are taken into the sliding surface, the sealing function of the sliding surface is maintained over a long period of time by preventing the sliding surface from leaking and wear or burning due to frictional heat generation.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding part that can be made to move.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a sliding component capable of increasing the limit of the pressure that can be sealed and improving the seal pressure resistance.
- the sliding component of the present invention is firstly provided with a positive pressure generating groove on the high pressure side of one sliding surface of the sliding component composed of a pair of annular bodies that slide relative to each other.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism is provided with a negative pressure generating mechanism having a negative pressure generating groove on the low pressure side, and a pressure release groove and the positive pressure generating groove between the positive pressure generating groove and the negative pressure generating groove.
- a radial groove that connects the pressure generating groove, the pressure releasing groove, and the negative pressure generating groove to the high pressure fluid side is provided, and the positive pressure generating groove, the pressure releasing groove, the negative pressure generating groove, and the radial groove are defined as the low pressure fluid side.
- the radial groove includes an upstream side of the positive pressure generating groove and an inlet portion communicating the pressure release groove with the high pressure fluid side, and a downstream side of the negative pressure generating groove. And an outlet portion that communicates the pressure release groove to the high-pressure fluid side, the inlet portion and the outlet Is inclined in a direction of opening each toward the low pressure side to the high pressure side, the angle of intersection with respect to the tangent at the sliding surface end of the both are characterized by being set at an obtuse angle.
- the inlet portion and the outlet portion of the radial groove are inclined to open in the direction from the low pressure side to the high pressure side, and the angle of intersection with respect to the tangent at the sliding surface end is set to an obtuse angle. Therefore, the fluid is easily taken into the inlet portion from the high-pressure fluid side, and the fluid on the sliding surface is easily discharged from the outlet portion. For this reason, the flow of fluid in the passage composed of the inlet portion, the pressure release groove and the outlet portion is generated, and foreign matter and bubbles are prevented from staying in the passage, and wear and burnout due to leakage of the sliding surface and frictional heat generation. By preventing the above, the sealing function of the sliding surface can be maintained for a long period of time.
- the inclined outlet portion is formed as it is extended to the inner peripheral side, so that it communicates with the negative pressure generating groove. Also in the inner peripheral part, the flow of fluid is generated, and foreign matters and bubbles are prevented from staying in the inner peripheral part.
- the sliding part of the present invention is secondly characterized in that, in the first feature, the outlet portion is formed in a spiral shape from the low pressure side to the high pressure side. According to this feature, the pressure on the low pressure side can be reduced. As a result, the sealable limit pressure can be made higher than that of the sliding component according to the prior art, and the seal pressure resistance can be improved.
- the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove of the outlet portion is the positive pressure generating groove or the negative pressure generating groove. It is characterized in that it is formed to have a depth greater than or equal to the depth of and less than the depth of the other portion of the radial groove.
- the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove at the outlet of the radial groove functions as a negative pressure generating mechanism, and the internal pressure of the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove can be kept low. .
- the limit pressure that can be sealed can be made higher than that of the sliding component according to the prior art, and the seal pressure resistance can be improved.
- the high pressure side positive pressure generating mechanism is formed of a Rayleigh step mechanism, and the low pressure side negative pressure is
- the generation mechanism is formed from a reverse Rayleigh step mechanism, and the pressure release groove is formed from a circumferential groove, and the Rayleigh step mechanism and the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism are parallel to the circumferential direction with the pressure release groove interposed therebetween.
- a plurality of pairs are provided so as to form a pair, and the Rayleigh step is also provided between the upstream outlet portion and the adjacent downstream inlet portion, and the reverse Rayleigh is provided between the adjacent outlet portions.
- the step mechanism is extended, and is characterized by claim 1 or 2. According to this feature, in the circumferential direction of the sliding surface, positive pressure is generated substantially continuously on the high pressure side, and negative pressure is generated substantially continuously on the low pressure side, thereby preventing lubrication and leakage. Can be further improved.
- the present invention has the following excellent effects.
- (1) The inlet portion and the outlet portion of the radial groove are inclined to open in the direction from the low pressure side to the high pressure side, and the angle of intersection with respect to the tangent at the sliding surface end is set to an obtuse angle. Fluid is easily taken into the part from the high-pressure fluid side, and fluid on the sliding surface is easily discharged from the outlet part. For this reason, the flow of fluid in the passage composed of the inlet portion, the pressure release groove and the outlet portion is generated, and foreign matter and bubbles are prevented from staying in the passage, and wear and burnout due to leakage of the sliding surface and frictional heat generation. By preventing the above, the sealing function of the sliding surface can be maintained for a long period of time.
- the inclined outlet portion is formed as it is extended to the inner peripheral side, so that it communicates with the negative pressure generating groove. Also in the inner peripheral part, the flow of fluid is generated, and foreign matters and bubbles are prevented from staying in the inner peripheral part.
- the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove at the outlet of the radial groove is greater than the depth of the positive pressure generating groove or the negative pressure generating groove and is shallower than the depth of the other portion of the radial groove.
- the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove at the outlet of the radial groove functions as a negative pressure generating mechanism, and the internal pressure of the portion communicating with the negative pressure generating groove can be kept low.
- the limit pressure that can be sealed can be made higher than that of the sliding component according to the prior art, and the seal pressure resistance can be improved.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism on the high pressure side is formed from the Rayleigh step mechanism
- the negative pressure generating mechanism on the low pressure side is formed from the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism
- the pressure release groove is formed from the circumferential groove.
- a plurality of step mechanisms and reverse Rayleigh step mechanisms are provided so as to form a pair parallel to the circumferential direction across the pressure release groove, and between the upstream outlet portion and the adjacent downstream inlet portion. Since the Rayleigh step is provided and the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism is extended between adjacent outlet portions, a positive pressure is applied so as to be substantially continuous on the high pressure side in the circumferential direction of the sliding surface. In addition, a negative pressure is generated substantially continuously on the low pressure side, so that both lubrication and leakage prevention can be further achieved.
- FIG. 1A and 1B show a sliding surface of a sliding component according to a first embodiment of the present invention, where FIG. 1A is a plan view of the sliding surface, and FIG. 2B is a partial oblique view of the sliding surface.
- FIG. 5A is a Rayleigh step mechanism
- FIG. 5B is a perspective view of a part of the sliding surface.
- FIG. 5A is a plan view of the sliding surface
- FIG. 5B is a perspective view of a part of the sliding surface.
- Example 1 of this invention With reference to FIG. 1 thru
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component will be described as an example.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding component which comprises a mechanical seal is demonstrated as a high pressure fluid side (sealed fluid side) and an inner peripheral side is a low pressure fluid side (atmosphere side), this invention is not limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case where the high-pressure fluid side and the low-pressure fluid side are reversed.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a mechanical seal, which is an inside type that seals a sealed fluid on a high-pressure fluid side that is about to leak from the outer periphery of the sliding surface toward the inner peripheral direction.
- annular ring which is one sliding component provided on the rotary shaft 1 side for driving a pump impeller (not shown) on the high pressure fluid side via a sleeve 2 so as to be rotatable integrally with the rotary shaft 1.
- a ring-shaped stationary ring 5 which is the other sliding part provided in the pump housing 4 in a non-rotating state and movable in the axial direction, and the stationary ring 5 is moved in the axial direction.
- FIG. 2 shows a sliding surface of the sliding component according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention is basically the same when the present invention is applied to the sliding surface of the rotating ring 3, but in that case, the radial groove only needs to communicate with the high-pressure fluid side (sealed fluid side). It does not need to be provided up to the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 10 having a positive pressure generating groove 11 is provided on the high pressure side of the sliding surface S of the stationary ring 5, and a negative pressure generating mechanism 12 having a negative pressure generating groove 13 is provided on the low pressure side. . Further, a pressure release groove 14 is provided between the positive pressure generating groove 11 and the negative pressure generating groove 13, and the positive pressure generating groove 11, the pressure releasing groove 14 and the negative pressure generating groove 13 are communicated with the high pressure fluid side. A radial groove 15 is provided. The positive pressure generation groove 11, the pressure release groove 14, the negative pressure generation groove 13, and the radial groove 15 are separated from the low pressure fluid side by a low pressure side seal surface 16.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 10 on the outer peripheral side is formed of a Rayleigh step mechanism
- the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 on the inner peripheral side is formed of a reverse Rayleigh step mechanism
- the pressure release groove 14 has a circumferential shape.
- a plurality of Rayleigh step mechanisms and reverse Rayleigh step mechanisms are provided so as to be paired in parallel with the circumferential direction across the pressure release groove 14. The Rayleigh step mechanism and the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism will be described in detail later.
- the radial groove 15 includes an inlet portion 15a communicating the upstream side of the positive pressure generating groove 11 and the pressure release groove 14 to the high pressure fluid side, and the downstream side of the negative pressure generating groove 13 and the pressure release groove 14 on the high pressure fluid side.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b are inclined in the direction of opening from the low pressure side toward the high pressure side, and the angle of intersection ⁇ formed with the tangent m at the end of the sliding surface is an obtuse angle.
- Is set to The intersection angle ⁇ with respect to the tangent m of the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b takes into consideration the diameter of the sliding component, the width of the sliding surface, the number of the inlet portions 15a and the outlet portions 15b, the type of fluid to be sealed, pressure, temperature, and the like.
- the fluid is set to an optimum value so that the fluid easily enters the inlet portion 15a and is easily discharged from the outlet portion 15b.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b are opened symmetrically, and the intersection angle ⁇ with each tangent m is about 140 °.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b may be opened asymmetrically.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b are not limited to a straight line shape, and may be a curved line shape such as an arc shape. In the case of a straight line shape, each connection portion with the pressure release groove 14 is formed in a smooth arc shape. May be.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 10 sucks fluid from the high-pressure fluid side via the inlet portion 15a of the radial groove 15 on the upstream side, generates positive pressure, and the interval between the sliding surfaces that slide relative to each other due to the generated positive pressure. And a liquid film is formed on the sliding surface to improve lubricity.
- the pressure release groove 14 releases the dynamic pressure (positive pressure) generated by the positive pressure generating mechanism 10 on the high pressure side, for example, the Rayleigh step mechanism, to the pressure of the high pressure side fluid, so that the fluid is negative pressure on the low pressure side. This is to prevent the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 from being weakened by flowing into the generating mechanism 12, for example, the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism, and the pressure generated by the positive pressure generating mechanism 10 on the high pressure side is reduced.
- the fluid that is about to flow into the side is guided to the pressure release groove 14 and escapes to the high pressure fluid side through the radial groove 15.
- the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 generates cavitation as a result of generating negative pressure, and the internal pressure of the cavitation is lower than atmospheric pressure, resulting in a negative pressure gradient at the low pressure side end, and the sliding surface
- suction occurs on the inner peripheral side of the gas
- the pressure inside the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 becomes lower than the low-pressure side fluid pressure (atmospheric pressure).
- suction occurs on the inner peripheral side of the sliding surface, and leakage from the high pressure fluid side to the low pressure fluid side is prevented.
- the fluid sucked into the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 is discharged to the high pressure fluid side via the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 connected to the high pressure fluid side on the downstream side.
- the depth and width of the positive pressure generating groove 11, the negative pressure generating groove 13, the pressure releasing groove 14 and the radial groove 15 are the diameter of the sliding component, the sliding surface width and the relative moving speed, and the sealing and lubricating conditions. It is of a nature that is appropriately determined according to the above. As an example, when the diameter of the sliding part is about 20 mm and the sliding surface width is about 2 mm, the width of the positive pressure generating groove 11 and the negative pressure generating groove 13 is 0.4 to 0.6 mm, and the depth is several The width of the inner peripheral seal surface 16 is 0.2 to 0.4 mm. The widths of the pressure release groove 14 and the radial groove 15 are sufficient to allow the high-pressure fluid to escape to the high-pressure fluid side, and the depth is several tens ⁇ m to several hundreds ⁇ m.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 are inclined so as to open from the low pressure side to the high pressure side, respectively, and the intersecting angle ⁇ formed with the tangent m at the end portions of both sliding surfaces becomes an obtuse angle.
- the fluid is easily taken into the inlet portion 15a from the high-pressure fluid side, and the fluid on the sliding surface is easily discharged from the outlet portion 15b.
- channel 14, and the outlet part 15b arises, and it is prevented that a foreign material and a bubble remain in the said channel
- the inner peripheral side portion 15c communicated with the negative pressure generating groove 13 of the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 is formed in a form in which the inclined outlet portion 15b is extended to the inner peripheral side as it is. Also in the inner peripheral side portion 15c communicating with the pressure generating groove 13, as shown by the arrow 17, a fluid flow is generated, and foreign matter and bubbles are prevented from staying in the inner peripheral side portion 15c.
- a Rayleigh step mechanism 10 ′ that is a positive pressure generating mechanism is also provided between the upstream outlet portion 15 b and the adjacent downstream inlet portion 15 a.
- the reverse Rayleigh step mechanism which is the negative pressure generation mechanism 12 is extended over between the adjacent exit parts 15b. For this reason, in the circumferential direction of the sliding surface S, a positive pressure is generated substantially continuously on the outer peripheral side, and a negative pressure is generated substantially continuously on the inner peripheral side to prevent lubrication and leakage prevention. A better balance will be achieved.
- the inlet portion 15a and the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 are inclined in the direction of opening from the low pressure side to the high pressure side, respectively, and both sliding surface end portions are provided. Is set to an obtuse angle, the fluid is easily taken into the inlet portion 15a from the high-pressure fluid side, and the fluid on the sliding surface is easily discharged from the outlet portion 15b. For this reason, as shown by the arrow 17, the flow of the fluid in the channel
- the inner peripheral side portion 15c communicating with the negative pressure generating groove 13 of the radial groove 15 outlet portion 15b is formed in a form in which the inclined outlet portion 15b is extended to the inner peripheral side as it is, the negative pressure Also in the inner peripheral side portion 15c communicated with the generation groove 13, as shown by the arrow 18, a fluid flow is generated, and foreign matter and bubbles are prevented from staying in the inner peripheral side portion 15c.
- a Rayleigh step mechanism that is the positive pressure generating mechanism 10 is provided between the upstream outlet portion 15b and the adjacent downstream inlet portion 15a, and the negative pressure generating mechanism 12 extends between the adjacent outlet portions 15b.
- FIG. 3 (a) the rotating ring 3 and the stationary ring 5 which are opposed sliding parts slide relative to each other as indicated by arrows.
- a Rayleigh step 11a is formed on the sliding surface of the stationary ring 5 so as to be perpendicular to the relative movement direction and face the upstream side, and on the upstream side of the Rayleigh step 11a, the groove portion 11 which is a positive pressure generating groove. Is formed.
- the sliding surfaces of the opposed rotating ring 3 and stationary ring 5 are flat.
- the rotating ring 3 and the stationary ring 5 which are sliding parts facing each other slide relative to each other as indicated by the arrows.
- a reverse Rayleigh step 13a is formed perpendicular to the relative movement direction and facing the downstream side, and a groove portion 13 which is a negative pressure generating groove is formed on the downstream side of the reverse Rayleigh step 13a.
- the sliding surfaces of the opposed rotating ring 3 and stationary ring 5 are flat.
- a negative pressure (dynamic pressure) as indicated by a broken line is generated due to the presence of the reverse Rayleigh step 13a.
- Reference numerals 15a and 15b denote inlet and outlet portions of the radial groove 15, and R denotes a land portion constituting the seal surface S.
- the outlet 15b of the radial groove 15 is formed in a spiral shape from the low pressure side (inner peripheral side in FIG. 4) to the high pressure side (outer peripheral side in FIG. 4) in order to lower the pressure on the low pressure side. .
- the portion 15 c that communicates with the negative pressure generating groove of the outlet portion 15 b of the radial groove 15 is not less than the depth of the positive pressure generating groove 11 or the negative pressure generating groove 13 and is the other portion of the radial groove 15. It is formed shallower than the depth.
- the depth of the portion 15c communicated with the negative pressure generating groove is 1 to 5 times the depth of the positive pressure generating groove 11 or the negative pressure generating groove 13.
- the depth of the portion 15c communicating with the negative pressure generating groove is 2 ⁇ m and the depth of the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 is 100 ⁇ m
- the depth of the portion 15c communicating with the negative pressure generating groove is It can be considered to be about 2 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the portion 15 c communicating with the negative pressure generating groove is formed to the same depth as the negative pressure generating groove 13.
- the portion 15c communicating with the negative pressure generating groove of the outlet portion 15b of the radial groove 15 is formed to have a depth 1 to 5 times the depth of the negative pressure generating groove 13, the portion 15c communicates with the negative pressure generating groove.
- the portion 15c to be operated functions as a negative pressure generating mechanism, and the internal pressure of the portion 15c communicated with the negative pressure generating groove can be kept low.
- the outlet portion 15b is formed in a spiral shape from the low pressure side to the high pressure side, it is possible to further increase the limit pressure that can be sealed as compared with the sliding component according to the prior art.
- the seal pressure resistance performance can be improved.
- the present invention can also be applied to a case where the inner peripheral side is a high-pressure fluid.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism, the negative pressure generating mechanism, the pressure release groove, and the radial groove are provided in the stationary ring of the mechanical seal constituting the sliding part.
- it may be provided on the rotating ring.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism may be provided in one sliding ring
- a negative pressure generating mechanism may be provided in the other sliding ring
- a pressure release groove and a radial groove may be provided in any of the sliding rings.
- inlet portions and outlet portions of the radial groove there are six inlet portions and outlet portions of the radial groove, and 6 Rayleigh steps are provided as a positive pressure generating mechanism provided in a portion surrounded by the radial groove and the pressure release groove.
- 6 Rayleigh steps are provided as a positive pressure generating mechanism provided in a portion surrounded by the radial groove and the pressure release groove.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and there may be fewer, for example four, and more, for example, eight. It may be 12 or 12 sheets.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism is configured by the Rayleigh step mechanism.
- the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be configured by, for example, a spiral groove or dimple. Any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the negative pressure generating mechanism is configured by a reverse Rayleigh step has been described, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be configured by, for example, a reverse spiral groove.
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- Mechanical Sealing (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
そのような中で、本出願人は、静止時に漏れず、回転初期を含み回転時には流体潤滑で作動するとともに漏れを防止し、密封と潤滑とを両立させることのできる摺動部品の発明を特許出願している(以下、「従来技術」という。特許文献1参照)。
また、本発明は、第2に、密封可能な圧力の限界を高め、耐シール圧力性能を向上させることのできる摺動部品を提供することを目的とする。
この特徴によれば、半径方向溝の入口部と出口部とが低圧側から高圧側に向かってそれぞれ開く方向に傾斜され、両者の摺動面端部における接線に対する交角が鈍角に設定されることにより、入口部には高圧流体側から流体が取り込まれ易く、また、出口部からは摺動面の流体が吐き出され易い。このため、入口部、圧力開放溝及び出口部から構成される通路における流体の流れが生じ、当該通路内部に異物や気泡が留まることが防止され、摺動面の漏れ及び摩擦発熱による摩耗や焼損等を防止することにより、長期間にわたり摺動面の密封機能を維持させることができる。
また、半径方向溝出口部の負圧発生溝に連通される内周側部分においても、傾斜された出口部がそのまま内周側に延長された形で形成されるため、負圧発生溝に連通される内周側部分においても、流体の流れが生じ、当該内周側部分に異物や気泡が留まることが防止される。
この特徴によれば、低圧側の圧力を降下させることができる。その結果、従来技術に係る摺動部品よりも、密封可能な限界の圧力を高くすることができ、耐シール圧力性能を向上させることができる。
この特徴によれば、半径方向溝の出口部の負圧発生溝に連通される部分が負圧発生機構として機能し、該負圧発生溝に連通される部分の内部圧力を低く保つことができる。その結果、上記第2の特徴と併せて、より一層、従来技術に係る摺動部品よりも、密封可能な限界の圧力を高くすることができ、耐シール圧力性能を向上させることができる。
この特徴によれば、摺動面の周方向において、高圧側にはほぼ連続するように正圧が発生され、また、低圧側にはほぼ連続するように負圧が発生され、潤滑及び漏れ防止の両立を一層図ることができる。
(1)半径方向溝の入口部と出口部とが低圧側から高圧側に向かってそれぞれ開く方向に傾斜され、両者の摺動面端部における接線に対する交角が鈍角に設定されることにより、入口部には高圧流体側から流体が取り込まれ易く、また、出口部からは摺動面の流体が吐き出され易い。このため、入口部、圧力開放溝及び出口部から構成される通路における流体の流れが生じ、当該通路内部に異物や気泡が留まることが防止され、摺動面の漏れ及び摩擦発熱による摩耗や焼損等を防止することにより、長期間にわたり摺動面の密封機能を維持させることができる。
また、半径方向溝出口部の負圧発生溝に連通される内周側部分においても、傾斜された出口部がそのまま内周側に延長された形で形成されるため、負圧発生溝に連通される内周側部分においても、流体の流れが生じ、当該内周側部分に異物や気泡が留まることが防止される。
なお、以下の実施例においては、摺動部品の一例であるメカニカルシールを例にして説明する。また、メカニカルシールを構成する摺動部品の外周側を高圧流体側(被密封流体側)、内周側を低圧流体側(大気側)として説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、高圧流体側と低圧流体側とが逆の場合も適用可能である。
なお、回転環3の摺動面に本発明が適用された場合も基本的には同様であるが、その場合、半径方向溝は高圧流体側(被密封流体側)に連通すればよいため、摺動面の外周側まで設けられる必要はない。
なお、レイリーステップ機構及び逆レイリーステップ機構については、後に、詳しく説明する。
また、入口部15a及び出口部15bは直線状に限らず、円弧状などの曲線状でもよく、また、直線状の場合、圧力開放溝14とのそれぞれの接続部は滑らかな円弧状に形成されてもよい。
一例として示すと、摺動部品の径が約20mm、摺動面幅が約2mmの場合、正圧発生溝11及び負圧発生溝13の幅は0.4~0.6mm、深さは数μmであり、内周側のシール面16の幅は0.2~0.4mmである。また、圧力開放溝14及び半径方向溝15の幅は高圧の流体を高圧流体側に逃がすために十分の幅であり、深さは数十μm~数百μmである。
このため、摺動面Sの周方向において、外周側にはほぼ連続するように正圧が発生され、また、内周側にはほぼ連続するように負圧が発生され、潤滑及び漏れ防止の両立が一層図られることになる。
また、半径方向溝15出口部15bの負圧発生溝13に連通される内周側部分15cが、傾斜された出口部15bがそのまま内周側に延長された形で形成されるため、負圧発生溝13に連通される内周側部分15cにおいても、矢印18で示すように、流体の流れが生じ、当該内周側部分15cに異物や気泡が留まることが防止される。
さらに、上流側の出口部15bと隣接する下流側の入口部15aとの間にも正圧発生機構10であるレイリーステップ機構が設けられ、また、隣接する出口部15b間にわたって負圧発生機構12である逆レイリーステップ機構が延設されているため、摺動面S周方向において、外周側にはほぼ連続するように正圧が発生され、また、内周側にはほぼ連続するように負圧が発生され、潤滑及び漏れ防止の両立が一層図られることになる。
図3(a)において、相対する摺動部品である回転環3、及び、固定環5が矢印で示すように相対摺動する。例えば、固定環5の摺動面には、相対的移動方向と垂直かつ上流側に面してレイリーステップ11aが形成され、該レイリーステップ11aの上流側には正圧発生溝であるグルーブ部11が形成されている。相対する回転環3及び固定環5の摺動面は平坦である。
回転環3及び固定環5が矢印で示す方向に相対移動すると、回転環3及び固定環5の摺動面間に介在する流体が、その粘性によって、回転環3または固定環5の移動方向に追随移動しようとするため、その際、レイリーステップ11aの存在によって破線で示すような正圧(動圧)を発生する。
なお、15a、15bは半径方向溝15の入口部、出口部を、また、Rはシール面Sを構成するランド部を示す。
回転環3及び固定環5が矢印で示す方向に相対移動すると、回転環3及び固定環5の摺動面間に介在する流体が、その粘性によって、回転環3または固定環5の移動方向に追随移動しようとするため、その際、逆レイリーステップ13aの存在によって破線で示すような負圧(動圧)を発生する。
なお、15a、15bは半径方向溝15の入口部、出口部を、また、Rはシール面Sを構成するランド部を示す。
なお、実施例1と同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
また、半径方向溝15の出口部15bの負圧発生溝に連通される部分15cは、正圧発生溝11又は負圧発生溝13の深さ以上であって半径方向溝15の他の部分の深さより浅く形成されている。好ましくは、負圧発生溝に連通される部分15cの深さは、正圧発生溝11又は負圧発生溝13の深さの1~5倍の深さに形成される。
一例として、正圧発生溝11又は負圧発生溝13の深さが2μm、半径方向溝15の出口部15bの深さが100μmに対し、負圧発生溝に連通される部分15cの深さは2~10μm程度とすることがで考えられる。
図4の場合、負圧発生溝に連通される部分15cは負圧発生溝13の深さと同じ深さに形成されている。
また、例えば、一方の摺動環に正圧発生機構を、他方の摺動環に負圧発生機構を設け、圧力開放溝及び半径方向溝をいずれかの摺動環に設けるようにしてもよい。
2 スリーブ
3 回転環
4 ハウジング
5 固定環
6 コイルドウェーブスプリング
7 ベローズ
10 正圧発生機構
11 正圧発生溝
12 負圧発生機構
13 負圧発生溝
14 圧力開放溝
15 半径方向溝
15a 半径方向溝の入口部
15b 半径方向溝の出口部
15c 負圧発生溝に連通される部分
16 低圧側シール面
S シール面
R ランド部
θ 入口部及び出口部の摺動面端部における接線との交角
m 接線
Claims (4)
- 一対の環状体からなる摺動部品の互いに相対摺動する一方側の摺動面の高圧側には正圧発生溝を備えた正圧発生機構が、低圧側には負圧発生溝を備えた負圧発生機構が設けられるとともに、前記正圧発生溝と前記負圧発生溝との間に圧力開放溝、及び、前記正圧発生溝、圧力開放溝及び負圧発生溝を高圧流体側に連通する半径方向溝が設けられ、前記正圧発生溝、圧力開放溝、負圧発生溝及び半径方向溝は低圧流体側とはシール面により隔離されている摺動部品において、前記半径方向溝は、前記正圧発生溝の上流側及び前記圧力開放溝を高圧流体側に連通する入口部と、前記負圧発生溝の下流側及び圧力開放溝を高圧流体側に連通する出口部とから構成され、前記入口部及び前記出口部は低圧側から高圧側に向かってそれぞれ開く方向に傾斜され、両者の摺動面端部における接線に対する交角が鈍角に設定されることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 前記出口部は前記低圧側から前記高圧側にかけてスパイラル状に形成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載の摺動部品。
- 前記出口部の前記負圧発生溝に連通される部分が、前記正圧発生溝又は前記負圧発生溝の深さ以上であって前記半径方向溝の他の部分の深さより浅く形成されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の摺動部品。
- 前記高圧側の正圧発生機構がレイリーステップ機構から形成され、また、前記低圧側の負圧発生機構が逆レイリーステップ機構から形成されるとともに、前記圧力開放溝が円周溝から形成され、前記レイリーステップ機構及び前記逆レイリーステップ機構は前記圧力開放溝を挟んで円周方向に平行して対をなすように複数設けられるとともに、上流側の前記出口部と隣接する下流側の前記入口部との間にも前記レイリーステップが設けられ、また、隣接する前記出口部の間にわたって前記逆レイリーステップ機構が延設されてなることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
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US11143232B2 (en) | 2016-11-16 | 2021-10-12 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
KR20190064639A (ko) | 2016-11-16 | 2019-06-10 | 이구루코교 가부시기가이샤 | 슬라이딩 부품 |
WO2018092742A1 (ja) | 2016-11-16 | 2018-05-24 | イーグル工業株式会社 | しゅう動部品 |
KR102426460B1 (ko) | 2016-11-16 | 2022-07-28 | 이구루코교 가부시기가이샤 | 슬라이딩 부품 |
US11603934B2 (en) | 2018-01-12 | 2023-03-14 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US11619308B2 (en) | 2018-02-01 | 2023-04-04 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding components |
US11608897B2 (en) | 2018-08-01 | 2023-03-21 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Slide component |
US11821462B2 (en) | 2018-08-24 | 2023-11-21 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding member |
US11815184B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2023-11-14 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US11821521B2 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2023-11-21 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
WO2020162025A1 (ja) * | 2019-02-04 | 2020-08-13 | イーグル工業株式会社 | 摺動部品 |
US11852244B2 (en) | 2019-02-04 | 2023-12-26 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component and method of manufacturing sliding member |
US11852241B2 (en) | 2019-02-04 | 2023-12-26 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US12018757B2 (en) | 2019-02-04 | 2024-06-25 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding components |
US11933405B2 (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2024-03-19 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US12013040B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2024-06-18 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding components |
US12007027B2 (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2024-06-11 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US11892081B2 (en) | 2019-07-26 | 2024-02-06 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US11933303B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2024-03-19 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US11913454B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2024-02-27 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
US12104598B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2024-10-01 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Eccentric sliding assembly with a plurality of dynamic pressure generation mechanisms |
US12135030B2 (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2024-11-05 | Eagle Industry Co., Ltd. | Sliding component |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104769340B (zh) | 2016-08-24 |
AU2014239820A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
EP2977654A4 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
EP2977654A1 (en) | 2016-01-27 |
JPWO2014148316A1 (ja) | 2017-02-16 |
US9322436B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
JP6204974B2 (ja) | 2017-09-27 |
EP2977654B1 (en) | 2018-04-25 |
AU2014239820B2 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
US20150377297A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
CN104769340A (zh) | 2015-07-08 |
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