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WO2013139163A1 - 一种双流波束赋形方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种双流波束赋形方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013139163A1
WO2013139163A1 PCT/CN2012/087586 CN2012087586W WO2013139163A1 WO 2013139163 A1 WO2013139163 A1 WO 2013139163A1 CN 2012087586 W CN2012087586 W CN 2012087586W WO 2013139163 A1 WO2013139163 A1 WO 2013139163A1
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Prior art keywords
coefficients
determining
sets
array response
response vector
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Application number
PCT/CN2012/087586
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘龙
李琼
Original Assignee
电信科学技术研究院
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Publication date
Application filed by 电信科学技术研究院 filed Critical 电信科学技术研究院
Priority to US14/386,340 priority Critical patent/US9197295B2/en
Priority to EP12872137.0A priority patent/EP2830232B1/en
Publication of WO2013139163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013139163A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0408Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more beams, i.e. beam diversity
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/74Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single antenna system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0697Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0891Space-time diversity
    • H04B7/0897Space-time diversity using beamforming per multi-path, e.g. to cope with different directions of arrival [DOA] at different multi-paths
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24Cell structures
    • H04W16/28Cell structures using beam steering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H04W64/006Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
    • H04B7/0465Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking power constraints at power amplifier or emission constraints, e.g. constant modulus, into account

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Chinese patent application filed on March 20, 2012, the Chinese Patent Application No. 201210074892.0, entitled “A Dual Flow Beamforming Method and Apparatus” The entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Technical field
  • the present invention relates to communication technologies, and in particular, to a dual stream beamforming method and apparatus. Background technique
  • MIMO Multiple In Multiple Out
  • the current dual-flow beamforming scheme uses the traditional Eigen-value Based Beamforming (EBB) algorithm to decompose the largest and second largest features by decomposing the correlation matrix eigenvalues of the channel estimation.
  • EBB Eigen-value Based Beamforming
  • the two sets of feature vectors corresponding to the values are used as the weighting coefficients on the transmit antenna of the base station to implement dual-stream beamforming.
  • Figure 1 including:
  • Step S101 Perform uplink channel estimation by using an uplink pilot to obtain a channel matrix H.
  • Step S103 Perform eigenvalue decomposition on the correlation matrix to obtain two sets of feature vectors corresponding to the largest and second largest eigenvalues, as the weighting coefficients of the antenna.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a dual stream beamforming method and apparatus to reduce the complexity of performing dual stream beamforming.
  • a dual stream beam shaping method includes: Determining the DOA angle of the antenna in the direction of arrival;
  • two sets of coefficients are generated according to the number of transmit antennas of each group of the base station; and two sets of antennas are respectively beamformed according to the two sets of coefficients.
  • a dual stream beamforming device comprising:
  • An angle determining unit configured to determine an arrival direction DOA angle of the antenna
  • a vector determining unit configured to determine an array response vector according to the DOA angle
  • a coefficient determining unit configured to generate two sets of coefficients according to the array response vector according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station;
  • a beamforming unit is configured to perform beamforming on the two sets of antennas according to the two sets of coefficients.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a dual-flow beamforming method and device.
  • an array response vector is determined according to a Direction Of Arrival (DOA) angle; and according to the array response vector, parameters are allocated according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station.
  • DOA Direction Of Arrival
  • the method generates two sets of coefficients, and performs beamforming on the antenna according to the two sets of coefficients, and does not need to perform eigenvalue decomposition to obtain feature vectors, thereby reducing the complexity of performing dual-flow beamforming.
  • DOA Direction Of Arrival
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for performing dual-stream beamforming according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for performing dual-flow beamforming according to Embodiment 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for performing dual-stream beamforming according to Embodiment 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-flow beamforming method and device, which first determines an array response vector according to a DOA angle; and then generates two sets of coefficients according to the array response vector according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station.
  • the beam is shaped according to the two sets of coefficients, and the feature vector is not needed to obtain the feature vector, which reduces the complexity of performing dual-flow beamforming.
  • the dual stream beamforming method provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
  • Step S201 Determine a DOA angle of the antenna.
  • Step S202 Determine an array response vector according to a DOA angle.
  • Step S203 Generate two groups according to the array response vector according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station. Coefficient
  • Step S204 Perform beamforming on the two sets of antennas according to the two sets of coefficients.
  • the eigenvalue decomposition is no longer performed, thereby effectively reducing the complexity of beamforming.
  • Embodiment 1 The dual-flow beamforming method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments: Embodiment 1
  • the first half is the same as the first half after V is conjugated, the second half is filled with zeros, the second half of V2 is the same as the second half after V is conjugated, and the first half is filled with zeros.
  • the limiting power is set to P, and the VI and V2 amplitudes are normalized by the root number P.
  • the weighting coefficient as the antenna is applied to the dual stream beamforming.
  • step S201 specifically includes:
  • the Grids of Beams (GOB) algorithm may be used to estimate the DOA angle.
  • GOB Grids of Beams
  • determining an array response vector according to the DOA angle may be specifically: determining an array response vector
  • V e j2 N '- ⁇ sme ⁇ , where N t is the number of transmitting antennas of the base station, d is the antenna spacing of the base station, and [0: N r l] represents N t values from 0 to N r l , ie
  • step S203 the array response vector is conjugated, and the parameters are allocated according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station to generate two sets of coefficients, including:
  • the second half of the parameters of the second set of coefficients are the same as the parameters of the first half of the vector after the array response vector is conjugated, and the first half of the parameters of the second set of coefficients are determined to be zero.
  • step S203 is specifically packaged Includes:
  • step S203 specifically includes: determining that the dimensions of the two sets of coefficients are twice the dimension of the array response vector;
  • step S204 beamforming is performed on the two sets of antennas according to the two sets of coefficients, which specifically includes: normalizing the amplitude of the two sets of coefficients;
  • the beamforming is performed on the two sets of antennas by the weighting coefficients of the antennas.
  • the dual-stream beamforming in this embodiment specifically includes:
  • Step S301 Perform an uplink channel estimation by using a Sounding Reference Signal (SRS), and obtain a channel estimation matrix ⁇ '' ( 1 ' 2 '''' 6 * ⁇ ) for each subcarrier, and the dimension is 1*8.
  • the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) occupied by the pilots is set by the SRS according to the protocol, and the number of subcarriers occupied by the SRS in one PRB is 6;
  • Step S302 channel estimation The matrix 'extracts, taking the third subcarrier channel estimate of each PRB , the dimension is 1*8;
  • Step S303 using ⁇ TM ⁇ ' to obtain the full bandwidth ⁇ [ TM 3 ' 1 HpRB2 + + + + + ⁇ « ⁇ ], the dimension is N PRB *8;
  • Step S304 calculating the full bandwidth
  • V* is the vector after conjugate to V.
  • Step S308 performing amplitude on each group of coefficients obtained
  • the value is normalized, and then the rooting number P is used to obtain the weighting coefficient ⁇ of the antenna for dual-stream beamforming. , the dimensions are all 1*8.
  • P is the power maximum power limit per # ⁇ antenna specified by the standard.
  • the first half is the same as the first half after V is conjugated, the second half is filled with zeros, the second half of V2 is the same as the second half after V is conjugated, and the first half is filled with zeros.
  • the weighting coefficient as an antenna is applied to the dual stream beamforming.
  • the specific implementation can consider two codebook options:
  • the power limit of each antenna is set to P.
  • the maximum power M of all antennas can be calculated by W1 and W2, and the power factor is calculated. Multiplying W1 and W2 by the power factor is used as the weighting coefficient of the antenna for the dual-flow beam assignment. Shape, gain system performance gain.
  • the power limit of each #> antenna is set to P.
  • the maximum power M of all antennas can be calculated by W1 and W2, and the power factor is calculated.
  • the power factor is multiplied by W1 and W2 and applied as the weighting coefficient of the antenna. Dual-stream beamforming for system performance gain.
  • the selection of the codebook may be performed on the base station side, or after the codebook is selected by the UE, the selection result is fed back to the base station.
  • the codebook can be an open loop codebook or a closed loop codebook.
  • the weighting coefficient may be considered to calculate the weighting coefficient with a certain shaped granularity. For example, using a full-bandwidth channel estimate, estimating a DOA angle to obtain a set of array response vectors V, and then dividing the full bandwidth into a plurality of sub-bands according to a certain shaped granularity, multiplying V by different times on each sub-band.
  • the codebook; the shape factor of each subband is obtained for dual stream beamforming. It is also possible to estimate the DOA angle by the molecular band and then the array response vector V for each subband and then multiply by a different codebook.
  • the shape factor of each subband is obtained for dual stream beamforming.
  • the steps S201 to S203 are the same as those in the first embodiment.
  • the beamforming is performed on the two sets of antennas according to the two sets of coefficients, and the specific includes:
  • Determining the weighting coefficient of the antenna is the product of the two sets of intermediate weighting coefficients respectively and ⁇ / ⁇ , where ⁇ is the limited power of the antenna;
  • Beamforming is performed for the two sets of antennas by the weighting coefficients of the antenna.
  • performing dual-stream beamforming in this embodiment specifically includes:
  • Step S401 Perform uplink channel estimation by using an uplink SRS, and obtain a channel estimation matrix for each subcarrier.
  • Step S402 extracting the channel estimation matrix ', taking the third subcarrier channel estimation cost dimension of each PRB is 1*8;
  • Step S405 estimating the DO A angle by using the GOB algorithm by using R.
  • Step S406 using a set of array response vector V, the dimension is 1*8; specifically,
  • Step S407 "After the conjugate, the parameters are allocated according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station, and two sets of coefficients ⁇ , ⁇ are generated, and the dimensions are all 1*8:
  • V* is the vector after conjugate to V.
  • Step S408 determining a pre-stored codebook set, The dimension of each codebook is 2*2; Step S409, calculate "3 ⁇ 43 ⁇ 4 , dimensions are 2*8;
  • Step S410 dividing the full bandwidth into a plurality of sub-bands according to a certain shaped granularity, and each sub-band is obtained by using a different c odebook - n .
  • " ⁇ , A ... VpRB , where is the pilot station
  • the number of PRBs is j3 granularity.
  • d together — ' The choice of codebook can be achieved in two ways: by rotation or randomly selecting a codebook from the codebook set or maximizing capacity or signal to noise ratio. The principle selects a codebook from the codebook set.
  • the codebook set can use the codebook set specified in the LTE standard, and can also use other suitable codebook sets.
  • Step S411 Considering the power limit of each antenna, the limiting power is set to P, and all days are calculated on each sub-band.
  • Step S412 Multiplying W1 and W2 by the power factor and applying the weighting coefficient of the antenna to the dual-flow beamforming to obtain the system performance gain.
  • the maximum element amplitude may be normalized and multiplied by the root number P as the weighting coefficient of the antenna for dual-flow beamforming.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a dual-stream beamforming device, as shown in FIG. 5, including:
  • An angle determining unit 501 configured to determine a DOA angle of the antenna
  • a vector determining unit 502 configured to determine an array response vector according to a DOA angle
  • the coefficient determining unit 503 is configured to generate two sets of coefficients according to the array response vector according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station;
  • the beamforming unit 504 is configured to perform beamforming on the two sets of antennas according to the two sets of coefficients.
  • the angle determining unit 501 is specifically configured to:
  • the vector determining unit 502 is specifically configured to:
  • the coefficient determining unit 503 is specifically configured to:
  • the second half of the parameters of the second set of coefficients are the same as the parameters of the first half of the vector after the array response vector is conjugated, and the first half of the parameters of the second set of coefficients are determined to be zero.
  • the vector determining unit 502 is specifically configured to:
  • the coefficient determining unit 503 is specifically configured to:
  • the vector determining unit 502 is specifically configured to:
  • the coefficient determining unit 503 is specifically configured to:
  • the beamforming unit 504 is specifically configured to:
  • the beamforming is performed on the two sets of antennas by the weighting coefficients of the antennas.
  • the beamforming unit 504 is specifically configured to:
  • Determining the weighting coefficient of the antenna is the product of the two sets of intermediate weighting coefficients respectively and jP IM, where P is the limited power of the antenna;
  • the beamforming is performed on the two sets of antennas by the weighting coefficients of the antennas.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a dual-flow beamforming method and device, which first determines an array response vector according to a DOA angle; and, according to an array response vector, allocates parameters according to the number of transmitting antennas of each group of the base station, and generates two sets of coefficients, and according to the two The group coefficient is beamforming for the antenna, and eigenvalue decomposition is not required to obtain the feature vector, which reduces the complexity of performing dual-flow beamforming.
  • embodiments of the present invention can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention can be embodied in the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage interfaces (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code.
  • computer-usable storage interfaces including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the device is implemented in a flow or a flow or a block diagram of a block or multiple The function specified in the box.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more of the flow or in a block or blocks of a flow diagram.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种双流波束赋形方法及装置,涉及通信技术,首先根据DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;再根据阵列响应矢量,按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数,生成两组系数,并根据该两组系数为天线进行波束赋形,不需要进行特征值分解获得特征矢量,降低了进行双流波束赋形的复杂度。

Description

一种双流波束赋形方法及装置 本申请要求在 2012年 3月 20日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201210074892.0、发明名称 为"一种双流波束赋形方法及装置"的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在 本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术, 尤其涉及一种双流波束赋形方法及装置。 背景技术
近年来移动通信的迅速发展以及其他无线应用的开发使得无线频谱资源日趋紧张, 因 此, 要满足用户数量增加和新业务开展的需要, 就需要进一步提高系统容量, 提高系统的 频谱利用率。
多输入多输出 (Multiple In Multiple Out, MIMO )技术的广泛应用, 使得在空间上传 输多个数据流成为可能。 波束赋形由于其明确指向性波束可以增加覆盖距离, 改善信号盾 量, 提高穿透建筑物的能力, 而且能够增加小区边缘用户的吞吐量, 从而得到了广泛的应 用。
而目前的双流波束赋形方案, 是釆用传统的基于特征值赋形 (Eigen-value Based Beamforming, EBB ) 算法, 通过对信道估计的相关矩阵特征值分解的方式, 分解得到最 大和次大特征值对应的两组特征矢量, 在基站的发射天线上用这两个特征矢量的共轭作为 加权系数, 实现双流波束赋形。 具体流程如图 1所示, 包括:
步骤 S101、 利用上行导频做上行信道估计, 得到信道矩阵 H;
步骤 S102、 计算信道相关矩阵 R=HHH;
步骤 S 103、对相关矩阵进行特征值分解,得到最大和次大特征值对应的两组特征矢量, 作为天线的加权系数。
在该方案中, 需要进行特征值分解计算两个特征矢量, 该计算的复杂度较高, 并且在 终端固定用一根天线发送上行导频时, 釆用该方式确定特征矢量也使得性能较差。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种双流波束赋形方法及装置, 以降低进行双流波束赋形的复杂 度。
一种双流波束 ϋ武形方法, 包括: 确定天线的到达方向 DOA角度;
根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数; 根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。
一种双流波束赋形装置, 包括:
角度确定单元, 用于确定天线的到达方向 DOA角度;
矢量确定单元, 用于根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
系数确定单元, 用于根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方 式, 生成两组系数;
波束赋形单元, 用于根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。
本发明实施例提供一种双流波束赋形方法及装置, 首先根据到达方向 (Direction Of Arrival , DOA ) 角度确定阵列响应矢量; 再根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天 线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数, 并根据该两组系数为天线进行波束赋形, 不需要进 行特征值分解获得特征矢量, 降低了进行双流波束赋形的复杂度。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中进行双流波束赋形的方法流程图;
图 2为本发明实施例提供的进行双流波束赋形的方法流程图;
图 3为本发明实施例提供的对应实施例一的进行双流波束赋形的方法流程图; 图 4为本发明实施例提供的对应实施例二的进行双流波束赋形的方法流程图; 图 5为本发明实施例提供的进行双流波束赋形的装置结构示意图。 具体实施方式
本发明实施例提供一种双流波束赋形方法及装置, 首先根据 DOA角度确定阵列响应 矢量; 再根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系 数, 并根据该两组系数为天线进行波束赋形, 不需要进行特征值分解获得特征矢量, 降低 了进行双流波束赋形的复杂度。
如图 2所示, 本发明实施例提供的双流波束赋形方法包括:
步骤 S201、 确定天线的 DOA角度;
步骤 S202、 根据 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
步骤 S203、根据阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组 系数;
步骤 S204、 根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。
通过获得天线的 DOA角度, 并根据该 DOA角度确定为天线进行波束赋形的系数, 不 再进行特征值分解, 从而有效降低了波束赋形的复杂度。
下面以具体的实施例对本发明实施例提供的双流波束赋形方法进行详细说明: 实施例一、
利用估计的 DOA计算出一组阵列响应矢量 V, 将矢量 V取共轭, 并按照基站每组的 发射天线数分配参数, 生成二组系数 VI、 V2 , 其中 VI、 V2的维度等于 V, VI的前半部 分与 V取共轭后的前半部分相同, 后半部分填零 , V2的后半部分与 V取共轭后的后半部 分相同, 前半部分填零。
考虑到每根天线的功率限制, 限制功率设为 P , 将 VI和 V2幅度归一化乘以根号 P后 作为天线的加权系数应用于双流波束赋形。
具体的, 在该实施例中, 步骤 S201具体包括:
根据全带宽或设定子带的上行导频做上行信道估计, 确定信道矩阵;
根据信道矩阵, 确定信道相关矩阵;
根据信道相关矩阵, 确定天线的 DO A角度。
在根据信道相关矩阵, 确定天线的 DOA角度时, 可以釆用波束赋形(Grids of Beams, GOB )算法进行 DOA角度的估计, 当然, 本领域技术人员也可以釆用其它方式进行 DOA 角度的估计。
在步骤 S202中, 根据 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量, 可以具体为: 确定阵列响应矢量
V = ej2 N '-^ sme^ , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的天线间距, [0:Nrl]表示 从 0~Nrl的 Nt个数值, 即该阵列响应矢量中第 n个元素为 = e^("-1)dsm^ , η为小于或 等于 Nt的整数。
此时, 在步骤 S203中, 将阵列响应矢量取共轭后按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数, 生成两组系数, 具体包括:
确定两组系数的维度与阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的参数 相同, 确定第一组系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的参数 相同, 确定第二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
在确定阵列响应矢量时, 也可以确定为 = e— ; [°:Λί'— 1]dsm ai , 此时, 步骤 S203具体包 括:
确定两组系数的维度与阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第一组 系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第二组 系数的前半部分参数为零。
在确定阵列响应矢量时, 也可以确定为 = e— ; [ 1]dsm ai, 此时, 步骤 S203具体包 括: 确定两组系数的维度为阵列响应矢量的维度的二倍;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第一组系数的后半 部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第二组系数的前半 部分参数为零。
在步骤 S204中, 根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形, 具体包括: 将两组系数进行幅度归一化处理;
确定天线的加权系数为归一化处理后的系数与 /?的乘积, 其中, P 为天线的限制功 率;
通过天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
具体的, 在 LTE系统基站双极化天线, 天线数为 8的场景中, 如图 3所示, 该实施例 中进行双流波束赋形具体包括:
步骤 S301、 用上行监听参考信号( Sounding Reference Signal, SRS )做上行信道估计, 得到每个子载波信道估计矩阵 ^''( 1'2'''''6*^^) , 维度为 1*8, 其中, 为导频所占 的物理资源块(Physical Resource Blocks, PRB )数, 根据协议规定 SRS是梳状放置的, 一个 PRB内 SRS占的子载波个数为 6; 步骤 S302、 对信道估计矩阵 '进行抽取, 取每个 PRB的第三个子载波信道估计值得
Figure imgf000006_0001
, 维度为 1*8; 步骤 S303、 利用 ^™^'获得全带宽的 ^ [ ™3'1 HpRB2 + + + +^^«^^],维度为 NPRB*8; 步骤 S304、 计算全带宽的信道相关矩阵 R = HffH,维度为 8*8。
步骤 S305、 利用 R釆用 GOB算法估计出 DOA角度^^; 步骤 S306、 利用 古计出一组阵列响应矢量 V, 维度为 1*8; 具体的, V = ej2 Nl-l]dSlneDOA ^ 其中 代表基站发射天线数, d代表基站天线间距; 步骤 S307、 "去共轭后按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数, 生成二组系数 ^,维 度均为 1*8:
Ϊ (1;4) = Κ*(1:4),^(5:8) = 0;
V2(5:S) ==F*(5:8)),F2(1:4) = 0;
其中, V*为对 V取共轭后的矢量。
在实现中步骤 S306和步骤 S307也可以釆用下述两种实现方案:
^(1:4) = (1:4),^(5:8) = 0;
λ ) V = β-ι V2 (5: 8) == V(5: 8)), V2 (1:4) = 0;
^(1:4) = ,^(5:8) = 0;
2) = e- 2^[0:W(/2-l]dSra 2 (5; g) == , ^ (1:4) = 0; 步骤 S308、 对得到的各组系数进行幅值归一, 然后 以根号 P, 得到天线的加权系数 ^,用于双流波束赋形。 其中
Figure imgf000007_0001
, 维度均为 1*8。 P为标准规定 的每# ^天线的功率最大功率限制。
实施例二、
利用估计的 DOA计算出一组阵列响应矢量 V, 将矢量 V取共轭, 并按照基站每组的 发射天线数分配参数, 生成二组系数 VI、 V2, 其中 VI、 V2的维度等于 V, VI的前半部 分与 V取共轭后的前半部分相同, 后半部分填零 , V2的后半部分与 V取共轭后的后半部 分相同, 前半部分填零。
将 VI、 V2乘以相应码本后, 作为天线的加权系数应用于双流波束赋形。 具体实现可 考虑两种码本选择方案:
1)存储一定的码本集, 轮流或随机选择码本乘至 VI, V2上得到 W1,W2。
考虑到每根天线的功率限制, 限制功率设为 P, 可利用 W1和 W2计算所有天线最大 功率 M,计算功率因子 ,将 W1和 W2乘以功率因子后作为天线的加权系数应用于 双流波束赋形, 获得系统性能增益。
此时, 进行双流波束赋形的可靠性较高, 复杂度相对较低。
2 )存储一定的码本集,按照容量最大化或信噪比最大化的原则选择一个码本乘至 VI , V2上得到 Wl, W2。
考虑到每#>天线的功率限制, 限制功率设为 P, 可利用 W1和 W2计算所有天线最大 功率 M,计算功率因子 ,将 Wl和 W2乘以功率因子后作为天线的加权系数应用于 双流波束赋形, 获得系统性能增益。
此时, 进行双流波束赋形后, 传输有效性得到提高, 但复杂度相对于第 1 )种方式较 高。
码本的选择可以在基站侧进行, 也可以由 UE进行码本选择后, 将选择结果反馈给基 站。 该码本可为开环码本也可为闭环码本。
在实现中为了进一步降低复杂度,可以考虑以一定的赋形颗粒度计算加权系数。例如, 利用全带宽的信道估计值 Η估计出一个 DOA角度进而得到一组阵列响应矢量 V, 然后将 全带宽按照一定的赋形颗粒度划分为多个子带, 每个子带上用 V乘以不同的码本; 得到每 个子带的赋形系数用于双流波束赋形。 也可以分子带估计 DOA角度进而每个子带一组阵 列响应矢量 V然后乘以不同的码本。 得到每个子带的赋形系数用于双流波束赋形。
具体的, 在该实施例中, 步骤 S201〜步骤 S203均与实施例一中相同, 在步骤 S204中, 根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形, 则具体包括:
根据预选设定的赋形颗粒度选择码本分别与所述两组系数相乘, 得到两组中间加权系 数;
根据所述两组中间加权系数确定所有天线最大功率 Μ;
确定天线的加权系数为所述两组中间加权系数分别与 Ρ/Μ的乘积, 其中, ρ为天线 的限制功率;
通过所述天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
具体的, 如图 4所示, 该实施例中进行双流波束赋形具体包括:
步骤 S401、 用上行 SRS 做上行信道估计, 得到每个子载波信道估计矩阵
//,.( =1,2,...,6* ΡΗΒ) 5 维度为 其中, 为导频所占的 PRB ( )数, 根据协议规定
SRS是梳状放置的, 一个 PRB内 SRS占的子载波个数为 6; 步骤 S402、 对信道估计矩阵 '进行抽取, 取每个 PRB的第三个子载波信道估计值得 维度为 1*8;
Figure imgf000008_0001
步骤 S403、 利用 ^™^'获得全带宽的 ^^™3'1 HPRB2 •••Ή^'Λ^],维度为 NPRB*8; 步骤 S404、 计算全带宽的信道相关矩阵 R = HffH,维度为 8*8。 步骤 S405、 利用 R釆用 GOB算法估计出 DO A角度 。 ; 步骤 S406、 利用 古计出一组阵列响应矢量 V, 维度为 1*8; 具体的,
V = ej2^:N'-1dsm^, 其中 w '代表基站发射天线数, d代表基站天线间距; 步骤 S407、 "去共轭后按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数, 生成二组系数 ι , ^,维 度均为 1*8:
Ϊ (1;4) = Κ*(1:4),^(5:8) = 0;
V2(5:S) ==F*(5:8)),F2(1:4) = 0;
其中, V*为对 V取共轭后的矢量。
在实现中步骤 S306和步骤 S307也可以釆用下述两种实现方案:
^(1:4) = (1:4),^(5:8) = 0;
λ ) V = β-ι V2 (5: 8) == V(5: 8)), V2 (1:4) = 0;
^(1:4) = ,^(5:8) = 0;
2) = e- 2^[0:W(/2-l]dSra 2 (5; g) == , ^ (1:4) = 0; 步骤 S408、 确定预先存储的码本集, 每个码本的维度为 2*2; 步骤 S409、 计算 "¾¾
Figure imgf000009_0001
, 维度均为 2*8;
步骤 S410、将全带宽按照一定的赋形颗粒度划分为多个子带, 每个子带上釆用不同的 codebook-n . 上得到 , " =丄, A ... VpRB , 其中 为导频所占的 PRB 数, 为 j3武形颗粒度. d„ — ' 码本的选择可釆用两种方式: 轮流或随机从码本集中选择一个码本或者按照容量最大 化或信噪比最大化的原则从码本集中选择一个码本。码本集可釆用 LTE标准中的规定的码 本集, 也可以釆用其它合适的码本集。
步骤 S411、 考虑到每根天线的功率限制, 限制功率设为 P, 在每个子带上计算所有天
_ P
线最大功率 M "并计算每个子带的功率因子 " v «;
步骤 S412、 将 W1和 W2乘以功率因子后作为天线的加权系数应用于双流波束赋形, 获得系统性能增益。 具体实现步骤 S411和步骤 S412时, 也可以将 最大元素幅度归一化后, 乘以根 号 P后作为天线的加权系数, 用于双流波束赋形
本发明实施例还相应提供一种双流波束赋形装置, 如图 5所示, 包括:
角度确定单元 501, 用于确定天线的 DOA角度;
矢量确定单元 502, 用于根据 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
系数确定单元 503, 用于根据阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方 式, 生成两组系数; 波束赋形单元 504, 用于根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。 其中, 角度确定单元 501具体用于:
根据全带宽或设定子带的上行导频做上行信道估计, 确定信道矩阵;
才艮据信道矩阵, 确定信道相关矩阵;
根据信道相关矩阵, 确定天线的 DO A角度。
矢量确定单元 502具体用于:
确定阵列响应矢量 = e; 2 [°:w'— 1]dsm , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间距。
此时, 系数确定单元 503具体用于:
确定两组系数的维度与阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的参数 相同, 确定第一组系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的参数 相同, 确定第二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
或者, 矢量确定单元 502具体用于:
确定阵列响应矢量 = e— ; [°:ΛΓ'— 1]dsmi , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间距。
此时, 系数确定单元 503具体用于:
确定两組系数的维度与阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第一组 系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第二组 系数的前半部分参数为零。
或者, 矢量确定单元 502具体用于:
确定阵列响应矢量 = e— ; [ 1]dsm iM , 其中, 基站的发射天线数, d表示基站 的天线间距。
此时, 系数确定单元 503具体用于:
确定两组系数的维度为阵列响应矢量的维度的二倍;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第一组系数的后半 部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第二组系数的前半 部分参数为零。
波束赋形单元 504具体用于:
将两组系数进行幅度归一化处理;
确定天线的加权系数为归一化处理后的系数与 /?的乘积, 其中, P 为天线的限制功 率;
通过天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
或者, 波束赋形单元 504具体用于:
根据预选设定的赋形颗粒度选择码本分别与两组系数相乘, 得到两组中间加权系数; 根据两组中间加权系数确定所有天线最大功率 M;
确定天线的加权系数为两组中间加权系数分别与 jP IM的乘积, 其中, P为天线的限 制功率;
通过天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
本发明实施例提供一种双流波束赋形方法及装置, 首先根据 DOA角度确定阵列响应 矢量; 再根据阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数, 生成两组系数, 并根据 该两组系数为天线进行波束赋形, 不需要进行特征值分解获得特征矢量, 降低了进行双流 波束赋形的复杂度。
本领域内的技术人员应明白, 本发明的实施例可提供为方法、 系统、 或计算机程序产 品。 因此, 本发明可釆用完全硬件实施例、 完全软件实施例、 或结合软件和硬件方面的实 施例的形式。 而且, 本发明可釆用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机 可用存储介盾 (包括但不限于磁盘存储器、 CD-ROM、 光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程 序产品的形式。
本发明是参照根据本发明实施例的方法、 设备(系统)、 和计算机程序产品的流程图 和 /或方框图来描述的。 应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和 /或方框图中的每一流 程和 /或方框、 以及流程图和 /或方框图中的流程和 /或方框的结合。 可提供这些计算机 程序指令到通用计算机、 专用计算机、 嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器 以产生一个机器, 使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用 于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的 装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方 式工作的计算机可读存储器中, 使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装 置的制造品, 该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个方框或多个 方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上, 使得在计算机 或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理, 从而在计算机或其他 可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和 /或方框图一个 方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本发明的优选实施例, 但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概 念, 则可对这些实施例作出另外的变更和修改。 所以, 所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选 实施例以及落入本发明范围的所有变更和修改。
显然, 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和 范围。这样,倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内, 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种双流波束赋形方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
确定天线的到达方向 DOA角度;
根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数; 根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述确定天线的 DOA角度具体包括: 根据全带宽或设定子带的上行导频做上行信道估计, 确定信道矩阵;
根据所述信道矩阵, 确定信道相关矩阵;
根据所述信道相关矩阵, 确定天线的 DOA角度。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢 量, 具体包括:
确定阵列响应矢量 = e;2 [°:w'— 1]dsm , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间距。
4、 如权利要求 3 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每 组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数, 具体包括:
确定两组系数的维度与所述阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的 参数相同, 确定第一组系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的 参数相同, 确定第二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢 量, 具体包括:
确定阵列响应矢量 = ; [°:A ]dSmi , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间 3巨。
6、 如权利要求 5 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每 组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数, 具体包括:
确定两组系数的维度与所述阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第 一组系数的后半部分参数为零; 确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第 二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
7、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢 量, 具体包括:
确定阵列响应矢量 = e— ; [ 1]dsm (M , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站 的天线间距。
8、 如权利要求 7 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每 组的发射天线数分配参数的方式, 生成两组系数, 具体包括:
确定两组系数的维度为所述阵列响应矢量的维度的二倍;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第一组系数的 后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第二组系数的 前半部分参数为零。
9、 如权利要求 1 所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进 行波束赋形, 具体包括:
将两组系数进行幅度归一化处理;
确定天线的加权系数为归一化处理后的系数与 /?的乘积, 其中, P 为天线的限制功 率;
通过所述天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
10、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进 行波束赋形, 具体包括:
根据预选设定的赋形颗粒度选择码本分别与所述两组系数相乘, 得到两组中间加权系 数;
根据所述两组中间加权系数确定所有天线最大功率 M;
确定天线的加权系数为所述两组中间加权系数分别与 P/M的乘积, 其中, P为天线 的限制功率;
通过所述天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
11、 一种双流波束赋形装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
角度确定单元, 用于确定天线的到达方向 DOA角度;
矢量确定单元, 用于根据所述 DOA角度确定阵列响应矢量;
系数确定单元, 用于根据所述阵列响应矢量, 按基站每组的发射天线数分配参数的方 式, 生成两组系数;
波束赋形单元, 用于根据该两组系数分别为两组天线进行波束赋形。
12、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述角度确定单元具体用于: 根据全带宽或设定子带的上行导频做上行信道估计, 确定信道矩阵;
根据所述信道矩阵, 确定信道相关矩阵;
根据所述信道相关矩阵, 确定天线的 DO A角度。
13、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述矢量确定单元具体用于: 确定阵列响应矢量 = e;2 [°:w'— 1]dsm , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间距。
14、 如权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述系数确定单元具体用于: 确定两组系数的维度与所述阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的 参数相同, 确定第一组系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量取共轭后的矢量中前半部分的 参数相同, 确定第二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
15、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述矢量确定单元具体用于: 确定阵列响应矢量 ; [°:A ]dSmi , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站的 天线间距。
16、 如权利要求 15所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述系数确定单元具体用于: 确定两组系数的维度与所述阵列响应矢量的维度相同;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第 一组系数的后半部分参数为零;
确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量中前半部分的参数相同, 确定第 二组系数的前半部分参数为零。
17、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述矢量确定单元具体用于: 确定阵列响应矢量 1]dSm ai , 其中, Nt为基站的发射天线数, d表示基站 的天线间距。
18、 如权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述系数确定单元具体用于: 确定两组系数的维度为所述阵列响应矢量的维度的二倍;
确定第一组系数的前半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第一组系数的 后半部分参数为零; 确定第二组系数的后半部分参数与所述阵列响应矢量的参数相同, 确定第二组系数的 前半部分参数为零。
19、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述波束赋形单元具体用于: 将两组系数进行幅度归一化处理;
确定天线的加权系数为归一化处理后的系数与 /?的乘积, 其中, P 为天线的限制功 率;
通过所述天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
20、 如权利要求 11所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述波束赋形单元具体用于: 根据预选设定的赋形颗粒度选择码本分别与所述两组系数相乘, 得到两组中间加权系 数;
根据所述两组中间加权系数确定所有天线最大功率 M;
确定天线的加权系数为所述两组中间加权系数分别与 P /M的乘积, 其中, p为天线 的限制功率;
通过所述天线的加权系数为两组天线进行波束赋形。
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