WO2007036257A1 - Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen Download PDFInfo
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- WO2007036257A1 WO2007036257A1 PCT/EP2006/007425 EP2006007425W WO2007036257A1 WO 2007036257 A1 WO2007036257 A1 WO 2007036257A1 EP 2006007425 W EP2006007425 W EP 2006007425W WO 2007036257 A1 WO2007036257 A1 WO 2007036257A1
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- chain
- methyl
- alkyl
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the enantioselective enzymatic reduction of keto compounds with carbonyl reductases.
- Carbonyl reductases are known as catalysts for the reduction of carbonyl compounds or for the oxidation of secondary alcohols. These enzymes require a coenzyme, e.g. NAD (P) H.
- NAD NAD
- the reduction of ketones with the lactobacillus kefir-derived carbonyl reductase and the coenzyme NADPH is e.g. from US 5,342,767. It is possible with these enzymes to reduce keto compounds to optically active hydroxy compounds. Another method is known for example from WO 03/078615.
- Optically active hydroxy compounds are valuable chiral building blocks with wide application for the synthesis of pharmacologically active compounds, aromatic substances, pheromones, agrochemicals and enzyme inhibitors.
- pharmacologically active compounds aromatic substances, pheromones, agrochemicals and enzyme inhibitors.
- chiral compounds there is an increasing demand for chiral compounds and thus for chiral synthesis technologies, since racemic compounds will scarcely be used as pharmaceuticals in the future.
- the asymmetric reduction of prochiral keto compounds is a sector of stereoselective catalysis in which biocatalysis represents a powerful competitive technology for chemical catalysis.
- Chemical asymmetric hydrogenation requires the use of highly toxic and environmentally hazardous heavy metal catalysts, extreme and thus energy-intensive reaction conditions and large amounts of organic solvents. Furthermore, these methods are often characterized by side reactions and insufficient enantiomeric excesses.
- Reductions of prochiral keto compounds to hydroxy compounds and vice versa occur in nature in numerous biochemical pathways, both in primary metabolism and in secondary metabolism, in any organism and are catalyzed by different types of secondary alcohol dehydrogenases and oxidoreductases. These enzymes are usually cofactor-dependent.
- CPCR Carbonyl reductase from Candida parapsilosis (CPCR) (US 5,523,223 and US 5,763,236, (Enzyme Microb Technol. 1993 Nov; 15 (l l): 950-8)) or Pichia capsulata ADH (DE 10327454.4);
- the invention has as its object to eliminate this disadvantage.
- alkenyl is straight-chain or branched-chain and optionally contains up to four double bonds
- alkynyl is straight-chain or branched-chain and optionally contains up to four triple bonds
- R 2 is one of the radicals
- alkyl is straight-chain or branched-chain
- alkenyl is straight-chain or branched-chain and optionally contains up to three double bonds
- alkynyl is straight-chain or branched-chain and optionally contains two triple bonds
- alkyl is straight or branched chain and is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted by -OH, halogen , -NO 2 and / or -NH 2 is substituted, where the radicals mentioned above under 8) to 11) are unsubstituted or independently of one another mono-, di- or trisubstituted by -OH, halogen, -NO 2 and / or -NH 2 ,
- the invention is based on the finding that processes using the highly-expressed, isolated alcohol dehydrogenases and oxidoreductases by employing the water-immiscible 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 5-methyl-2-hexanol and / or 2-heptanol for coenzyme regeneration of NAD (P) H can be significantly improved or simplified.
- Preferred variants of the process according to the invention are characterized in that the liquid, biphasic mixture when using an oxidoreductase of microbial origin at least 40 vol .-%, in particular between 40 and 80 vol .-%, 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 5-methyl 2-hexanol and / or 2-heptanol, based on the total volume of the reaction mixture.
- the reduction of the keto compound is thus carried out in a two-phase system consisting of an aqueous phase containing the cofactor NADH or NADPH and the oxidoreductase, and an organic phase formed by the cosubstrate 4-methyl-2-pentanol and of the mostly keto compound dissolved in it.
- the coenzyme regeneration of NAD (P) H is carried out by oxidation of the cosubstrate 4-methyl-2-pentanol, 5-methyl-2-hexanol and / or 2-heptanol, which also serves as a solvent and extractant especially for poorly water-soluble keto compounds.
- ketones with low boiling points such as e.g. 1, 1, 1 trifluoroacetone
- the separation of hydroxy compounds, acetone, 2-propanol and water by distillation is often difficult.
- alcohols used according to the invention have proven to stabilize many oxidoreductases used, which generally leads to a reduced enzyme consumption compared with other aqueous-organic two-phase systems.
- Coenzyme regeneration may be substrate coupled, (i.e., an enzyme to reduce the keto substrate and to oxidize the 4-methyl-2-pentanol), or enzyme-coupled.
- substrate coupled i.e., an enzyme to reduce the keto substrate and to oxidize the 4-methyl-2-pentanol
- enzyme-coupled the cofactor NADH or NADPH is regenerated with the help of a second highly expressed isolated secondary alcohol dehydrogenase.
- ttn's total turn over number, mole product formed per mole of cofactor
- the concentration of the co-substrate is in the range of 10% to 90% by volume of the reaction mixture, preferably between 40 and 80% by volume.
- the enzyme consumption of oxidoreductase is in the range of 10 000 - 10 million U / kg (open at the top) keto compound to be reacted.
- the enzyme unit 1 U corresponds to the amount of enzyme required to implement 1 ⁇ mol of the compound of the formula I per minute (min).
- NADH is understood as meaning reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
- NAD is understood to mean nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
- NADPH is meant reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- NADP means nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.
- aryl refers to aromatic carbon radicals having 6 to 14 carbon atoms in the ring.
- - (C 6 -C i 4) -aryl radicals are for example phenyl, naphthyl, for example 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, biphenylyl, for example 2-biphenylyl, 3-biphenylyl and 4-biphenylyl, anthryl or fluorenyl.
- Biphenylyl radicals, naphthyl radicals and in particular phenyl radicals are preferred aryl radicals.
- halogen is understood to mean an element from the series fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- - (C 1 -C 20 ) -alkyl is meant a hydrocarbon radical whose carbon chain is straight-chain or branched and contains 1 to 20 carbon atoms, for example methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, tert-butyl,
- Hydrocarbon radicals understood as cyclopropyl, cylobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl or cycloheptyl.
- - (C 5 -C 14) heterocycle means a monocyclic or bicyclic 5-membered to 14-membered heterocyclic ring which is partially saturated or fully saturated. Examples of heteroatoms are N, O and S.
- Examples of the terms - (C 5 - C 4) -heterocycle are radicals deriving from pyrrole, furan, thiophene, imidazole, pyrazole, oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole, tetrazole, l, 2,3,5-oxathiadiazole-2-oxides, triazolones, oxadiazolones, isoxazolones, oxadiazolidinediones, triazoles, which are represented by F, -CN, -CF 3 or -C (O) -O- (C 1 -C 4 ) - Alkyl substituert are, 3-hydroxypyrro-2,4-diones, 5-oxo-l, 2,4-thiadiazoles, pyridine, pyrazine, pyrimidine, indole, isoindole, indazole, phthalazine, quinoline,
- the radicals are 2- or 3-pyrrolyl, phenylpyrrolyl, such as 4- or 5-phenyl-2-pyrrolyl, 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 4-imidazolyl, methylimidazolyl, for example 1-methyl-2, -4- or -5-imidazolyl, l, 3-thiazol-2-yl, 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridyl-N-oxide, 2-pyrazinyl, 2 -, 4- or 5-pyrimidyl, 2-, 3- or 5-indolyl, substituted 2-indolyl, for example 1-methyl, 5-methyl, 5-methoxy, 5-benzyloxy, 5-chloro or 4,5-dimethyl-2-indolyl, 1-benzyl-2 or 3-indolyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-2-indolyl, cyclohepta [b]
- Preferred compounds of the formula I are ethyl 4-chloroacetoacetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl 8-chloro-6-oxooctanoic acid, ethyl 3-oxovalerate, 4-hydroxy-2-butanone, ethyl 2-oxovalerate, ethyl 2-oxo 4-phenylbutyric acid, ethyl pyruvate, ethylphenyl glyoxylate, 1-phenyl-2-propanone, 2,3-dichloroacetophenone, acetophenone, 2-octanone, 3-octanone, 2-butanone, 2,5-hexanedione, 1,4- Dichloro-2-butanone, phenacyl chloride, ethyl 4-bromoacetoacetate, 1,1-dichloroacetone, 1,1,3-trichloroacetone, 1,1,1-trifluoroacetone and 1-chlor
- the enzyme can either be completely purified, partially purified or used in cells.
- the cells used can be native, permeabilized or lysed.
- the enzyme unit 1 U corresponds to the amount of enzyme required to react 1 ⁇ mol of the compound of formula I per minute (min).
- another oxidoreductase preferably a secondary alcohol dehydrogenase
- a secondary alcohol dehydrogenase may be present for coenzyme regeneration.
- Suitable secondary alcohol dehydrogenases are, for example, those from Thermoanaerobium brockii, Clostridium beijerinckii, Lactobacillus minor or Lactobacillus brevis, Pichia capsulata, Candida parapsilosis, Rhodococcus erythropolis.
- the alcohol dehydrogenase can be used in the process according to the invention either completely purified or partially purified, or whole cells containing the alcohol dehydrogenase can be used.
- the cells used can be native, permeabilized or lysed.
- a buffer may be added to the water, for example potassium phosphate, tris / HCl or triethanolamine buffer having a pH of from 5 to 10, preferably a pH of from 6 to 9.
- the buffer may additionally contain ions for stabilizing or Activation of both enzymes include, for example, magnesium ions to stabilize the alcohol dehydrogenase from Lactobaillus minor.
- the substrate may be solid or liquid, water-soluble or water-insoluble.
- the substrate may also be completely or incompletely dissolved during the reaction.
- the reaction mixture may contain an additional organic solvent.
- the preferred organic solvents are, for example, ethyl acetate, tert-butyl methyl ether, diisopropyl ether, heptane, hexane or cyclohexane or mixtures thereof of different composition.
- the concentration of the cofactor NAD (P) H relative to the aqueous phase is from 0.001 mM to 1 mM, in particular from 0.01 mM to 0.1 mM.
- the compounds of the formula I are used in the process according to the invention, for example in an amount of 2% to 50% (w / v) based on the total volume, preferably from 10% to 30% (w / v).
- the process according to the invention is carried out, for example, in a closed reaction vessel made of glass or metal.
- the components are transferred individually into the reaction vessel and stirred under an atmosphere of, for example, nitrogen or air.
- the reaction time is from 1 hour to 96 hours, in particular from 2 hours to 24 hours.
- the process according to the invention can also be used for the enzyme-catalyzed oxidation reaction.
- the reaction conditions are essentially the same as in the abovementioned process for the enantiospecific reduction of the keto compound of the formula I.
- the corresponding hydroxy compound of the formula II is oxidized to the corresponding keto compound.
- the inexpensive corresponding ketones 4-methyl-2-pentanone, 5-methyl-2-hexanone or 5 methyl-3-heptanone used for the regeneration of NAD (P).
- the process can also be used to prepare hard to access keto compounds from their racemic alcohols by using unselective oxidoreductases or else mixtures of enantioselective oxidoreductases.
- the reduction of the compounds of formula 1 is carried out in the components below are transferred to a reaction vessel and incubated with good mixing at room temperature.
- the aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase containing the product and the product (R) - ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate is purified by distillation from 4-methyl-2-pentanol. In this way, the (R) -ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate can be obtained in high chemical and optical purity.
- the aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase containing the product and the product (S, S) butanediol is purified by distillation of 4-methyl-2-pentanol. In this way, the (S, S) butanediol can be obtained in high chemical and optical purity
- the aqueous phase separated from the product-containing organic phase and the product / reactant mixture 2,5- (S, S) hexanediol / 2,5-hexanedione separated by distillation of 4-methyl-2-pentanol.
- the product 2,5- (S, S) hexanediol can be separated in a subsequent vacuum distillation of the starting material 2,5-hexanedione and win in a chemical purity> 99%.
- the total yield of the process is for example 40-60%. 4. Synthesis of (R) -2-chloro-1- (3-chlorophenyl) ethane-1-ol with NADH-dependent enzyme from Pichia capsulata
- the aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase containing the product and the product 2-chloro-l- (3-chlorophenyl) ethan-l-ol separated by distillation of 4-methyl-2-pentanol.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (10)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008531549A JP2009508499A (ja) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | 酵素を用いたケトン化合物を光学異性体選択的に還元する方法 |
DE502006009367T DE502006009367D1 (de) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen Reduktion von Ketoverbindungen |
AT06762851T ATE506446T1 (de) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen |
EP06762851A EP1926821B1 (de) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen Reduktion von Ketoverbindungen |
US12/067,752 US20080233619A1 (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Process For the Enantioselective Enzymatic Reduction of Keto Compounds |
SI200631058T SI1926821T1 (sl) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Postopek za enantioselektivno encimatsko redukcijo keto spojin |
PL06762851T PL1926821T3 (pl) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Sposób enancjoselektywnej redukcji enzymatycznej związków ketonowych |
DK06762851.1T DK1926821T3 (da) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Fremgangsmåde til enantioselektiv enzymatisk reduktion af ketoforbindelser |
CA2621306A CA2621306C (en) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Process for the enantioselective enzymatic reduction of keto compounds |
KR1020087009691A KR101345252B1 (ko) | 2005-09-23 | 2008-04-23 | 케토 화합물의 거울상이성질체 선택적인 효소적 환원 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA1570/2005 | 2005-09-23 | ||
AT0157005A AT502185B1 (de) | 2005-09-23 | 2005-09-23 | Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2007036257A1 true WO2007036257A1 (de) | 2007-04-05 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/EP2006/007425 WO2007036257A1 (de) | 2005-09-23 | 2006-07-27 | Verfahren zur enantioselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20080233619A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1926821B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2009508499A (de) |
KR (1) | KR101345252B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN101273136A (de) |
AT (2) | AT502185B1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2621306C (de) |
DE (1) | DE502006009367D1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK1926821T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2365159T3 (de) |
PL (1) | PL1926821T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1926821E (de) |
SI (1) | SI1926821T1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2007036257A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2226386A1 (de) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-08 | IEP GmbH | Verfahren zur stereoselektiven enzymatischen Reduktion von Ketoverbindungen |
JP2010539910A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2010-12-24 | イーエーペー・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 中間体のエナンチオ選択的酵素的還元方法 |
US7879585B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2011-02-01 | Codexis, Inc. | Ketoreductase enzymes and uses thereof |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8501436B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2013-08-06 | Sk Biopharmaceuticals Co. Ltd. | Method for preparation of carbamic acid (R)-1-aryl-2-tetrazolyl-ethyl ester |
US8404461B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2013-03-26 | SK Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd. | Method for preparation of carbamic acid (R)-1-aryl-2-tetrazolyl-ethyl ester |
CN105481645B (zh) * | 2015-12-01 | 2017-12-15 | 浙江科技学院 | 一种(s)‑1,1,1‑三氟‑2‑丙醇的合成方法 |
DE112019006382T8 (de) * | 2018-12-22 | 2021-12-09 | Malladi Drugs And Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | NEUES VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG VONR-PHENYLACETYLCARBINOL UND β-AMINOALKOHOLEN |
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US5763236A (en) * | 1993-09-24 | 1998-06-09 | Daicel Chemical Industries Ltd. | Method for producing ketone or aldehyde using an alcohol dehydrogenase of Candida Parapsilosis |
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WO2004111083A2 (de) * | 2003-06-18 | 2004-12-23 | Iep Gmbh | Oxidoreduktase aus pichia capsulata |
WO2005108593A1 (de) * | 2004-05-10 | 2005-11-17 | Iep Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von 2-butanol |
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US5225339A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-07-06 | The Scripps Research Institute | Lactobacillus kefir alcohol dehydrogenase |
US5523223A (en) * | 1992-03-13 | 1996-06-04 | Forschungszentrum Julich Gmbh | Ketoester reductase for conversion of keto acid esters to optically active hydroxy acid esters |
JPH08266292A (ja) * | 1995-03-31 | 1996-10-15 | Fuji Oil Co Ltd | 光学活性アルコールの製造方法 |
JP3766465B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-29 | 2006-04-12 | 天野エンザイム株式会社 | 光学活性な2級アルコールの製造法 |
DE10119274A1 (de) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Juelich Enzyme Products Gmbh | Enzymatisches Verfahren zur enantioselektiven Reduktion von Ketoverbindungen |
DE10208007A1 (de) * | 2002-02-26 | 2003-09-18 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkoholen aus Substraten mittels Oxidoreduktasen, Zweiphasensystem umfassend eine wässrige Phase und eine organische Phase sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
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2005
- 2005-09-23 AT AT0157005A patent/AT502185B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2006
- 2006-07-27 WO PCT/EP2006/007425 patent/WO2007036257A1/de active Application Filing
- 2006-07-27 AT AT06762851T patent/ATE506446T1/de active
- 2006-07-27 PT PT06762851T patent/PT1926821E/pt unknown
- 2006-07-27 PL PL06762851T patent/PL1926821T3/pl unknown
- 2006-07-27 JP JP2008531549A patent/JP2009508499A/ja active Pending
- 2006-07-27 US US12/067,752 patent/US20080233619A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-07-27 DE DE502006009367T patent/DE502006009367D1/de active Active
- 2006-07-27 CN CNA2006800350564A patent/CN101273136A/zh active Pending
- 2006-07-27 DK DK06762851.1T patent/DK1926821T3/da active
- 2006-07-27 CA CA2621306A patent/CA2621306C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-27 ES ES06762851T patent/ES2365159T3/es active Active
- 2006-07-27 EP EP06762851A patent/EP1926821B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-07-27 SI SI200631058T patent/SI1926821T1/sl unknown
-
2008
- 2008-04-23 KR KR1020087009691A patent/KR101345252B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7879585B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2011-02-01 | Codexis, Inc. | Ketoreductase enzymes and uses thereof |
US8273547B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2012-09-25 | Codexis, Inc. | Engineered ketoreductases and methods for producing stereoisomerically pure statins |
US8617864B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2013-12-31 | Codexis, Inc. | Polynucleotides encoding ketoreductases for producing stereoisomerically pure statins and synthetic intermediates therefor |
JP2010539910A (ja) * | 2007-09-27 | 2010-12-24 | イーエーペー・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング | 中間体のエナンチオ選択的酵素的還元方法 |
EP2226386A1 (de) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-08 | IEP GmbH | Verfahren zur stereoselektiven enzymatischen Reduktion von Ketoverbindungen |
WO2010100195A1 (de) | 2009-03-05 | 2010-09-10 | Iep Gmbh | Verfahren zur stereoselektiven enzymatischen reduktion von ketoverbindungen |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2621306C (en) | 2013-06-11 |
KR101345252B1 (ko) | 2013-12-26 |
CN101273136A (zh) | 2008-09-24 |
PL1926821T3 (pl) | 2011-09-30 |
DE502006009367D1 (de) | 2011-06-01 |
KR20080049136A (ko) | 2008-06-03 |
PT1926821E (pt) | 2011-07-27 |
EP1926821A1 (de) | 2008-06-04 |
US20080233619A1 (en) | 2008-09-25 |
ES2365159T3 (es) | 2011-09-23 |
AT502185A4 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
DK1926821T3 (da) | 2011-08-15 |
JP2009508499A (ja) | 2009-03-05 |
AT502185B1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
SI1926821T1 (sl) | 2011-08-31 |
ATE506446T1 (de) | 2011-05-15 |
CA2621306A1 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
EP1926821B1 (de) | 2011-04-20 |
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