WO2006037005A1 - Method of cleaning dishware using automatic dishwashing detergent compositions containing potassium tripolyphosphate formed by in-situ hydrolysis - Google Patents
Method of cleaning dishware using automatic dishwashing detergent compositions containing potassium tripolyphosphate formed by in-situ hydrolysis Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006037005A1 WO2006037005A1 PCT/US2005/034720 US2005034720W WO2006037005A1 WO 2006037005 A1 WO2006037005 A1 WO 2006037005A1 US 2005034720 W US2005034720 W US 2005034720W WO 2006037005 A1 WO2006037005 A1 WO 2006037005A1
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- Prior art keywords
- composition
- water
- group
- mixtures
- potassium
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 153
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000004851 dishwashing Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SUZJDLRVEPUNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium 2,4,6-trioxido-1,3,5,2lambda5,4lambda5,6lambda5-trioxatriphosphinane 2,4,6-trioxide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P1(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)O1 SUZJDLRVEPUNJG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
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- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hypochlorite Chemical group [K+].Cl[O-] SATVIFGJTRRDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethoxy)butanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)OC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O CFPOJWPDQWJEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylidenepropanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=C)C(O)=O PSZAEHPBBUYICS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 45
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- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyphenyl Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC)C=C1 RUVINXPYWBROJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000864 peroxy group Chemical group O(O*)* 0.000 description 1
- 229920001523 phosphate polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TZDMGBLPGZXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N pinocarvone Chemical compound C1C2C(C)(C)C1CC(=O)C2=C TZDMGBLPGZXHJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007051 pinocarvone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassiosodium Chemical compound [Na].[K] BITYAPCSNKJESK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PJAHUDTUZRZBKM-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PJAHUDTUZRZBKM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940050931 potassium citrate monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium metaphosphate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]P(=O)=O OQZCJRJRGMMSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019828 potassium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IFIDXBCRSWOUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;1,5-dichloro-4,6-dioxo-1,3,5-triazin-2-olate Chemical compound [K+].ClN1C(=O)[N-]C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O IFIDXBCRSWOUSB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YKLPVHZUIDKCOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-(3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyloxy)benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)CC(C)CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O YKLPVHZUIDKCOW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HZPMXHGMIHHPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-acetyloxybenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O HZPMXHGMIHHPAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZNBMLUKIHVUQFK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;2-nonanoyloxybenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1S([O-])(=O)=O ZNBMLUKIHVUQFK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229960000790 thymol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RUVINXPYWBROJD-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-anethole Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(\C=C\C)C=C1 RUVINXPYWBROJD-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HAQQADBAEKVKHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloromethanamine Chemical compound NC(Cl)(Cl)Cl HAQQADBAEKVKHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930007845 β-thujaplicin Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
- C11D3/062—Special methods concerning phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/042—Water soluble or water disintegrable containers or substrates containing cleaning compositions or additives for cleaning compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
- C11D3/3953—Inorganic bleaching agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/14—Hard surfaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to methods of improving dishware cleaning performance using an economical, aqueous automatic dishwashing (ADW) detergent composition having good dispensability and product clarity. More particularly, the present invention relates to use of substantially sodium ion- free, aqueous ADW detergent compositions comprising potassium tripolyphosphate, formed by in-situ hydrolysis.
- ADW automatic dishwashing
- soluble, reversion-stable phosphate builders such as sodium tripolyphosphate, potassium tripolyphosphate, mixed sodium potassium tripolyphosphate, etc.
- ADW automatic dishwashing
- Sodium tripolyphosphate builders generally provide undesirable results.
- sodium tripolyphosphate has only limited solubility and has a tendency to increase cloudiness, reduce dispensability (e.g. excessive viscosity), and sometimes promote non-homogeneity (e.g. lumpiness) in aqueous ADW detergent compositions.
- the present invention relates to methods of improving dishware cleaning performance using an economical, substantially sodium ion-free, aqueous ADW detergent compositions and compositions of matter, having potassium tripolyphosphate that is prepared by in-situ hydrolysis.
- a method of providing improved cleaning benefits using an economical, substantially sodium ion-free, aqueous ADW detergent composition comprises the steps of: (a) providing a substantially sodium ion- free, aqueous, ADW detergent composition comprising: (i) from about 20% to about 50% of potassium tripolyphosphate, by weight of the composition, that is prepared by in-situ hydrolysis according to the formula:
- the composition may be in at least one or more of the following forms: liquids, liquigels, gels, foams, creams, and pastes.
- an economical method of providing improved cleaning benefits using a composition of matter comprises the steps of: (a) providing a composition of matter comprising a wash liquor in an automatic dishwashing appliance comprising dishware in need of treatment, wherein the wash liquor comprises an aqueous ADW detergent composition having potassium tripolyphosphate that is prepared by in-situ hydrolysis according to the above formula; and (b) contacting the dishware with the potassium tripolyphosphate in an automatic dishwashing appliance during at least some portion of the wash and/or rinse cycle.
- the composition of matter may be substantially free of sodium ions.
- the wash liquor may provide from about 1,000 ppm to about 25,000 ppm of the potassium tripolyphosphate, by concentration.
- the present invention relates to domestic, institutional, industrial, and/or commercial methods of improving dishware cleaning performance using economical, substantially sodium ion-free, aqueous ADW detergent compositions and compositions of matter, having potassium tripolyphosphate that is prepared by in-situ hydrolysis.
- a substantially sodium ion-free, aqueous ADW detergent composition (hereinafter "aqueous ADW detergent composition") having good dispensability and product clarity may be economically prepared using in-situ process methods.
- KTMP potassium trimetaphosphate or (KPO 3 ) 3
- KTPP potassium tripolyphosphate or K 5 P 3 O 10 .
- the reaction may be carried out by slurrying the KTMP with water in a tank or mixing vessel.
- Potassium hydroxide (“KOH”) is added in solid or aqueous form. If the aqueous form is used, it should be initially heated to about 45° C. The rate of addition of the KOH should be controlled so that the temperature in the mixing vessel is between about 45° and about 120°C.
- the temperature may be between about 45° and about 115°C, between about 45° and about 110°C, between about 45° and about 105°C, between about 45° and about 100°C, between about 45° and about 90 0 C, between about 50° and about 8O 0 C, or between about 60° and about 80 0 C.
- aqueous ADW detergent composition e.g. bottle, bag, dispenser, water-soluble pouch, gel pack, etc.
- Control of the rate of hydration of the KTPP salt, when formed within the detergent slurry process, may be desirable.
- the higher the temperature of the aqueous mixture of KOH and KTMP the faster is the rate of formation of the KTPP that results from the alkaline conversion of KTMP described in the formula above.
- the rate of conversion of KTMP to KTPP can be increased by increasing the ionic strength (concentration) of given detergent slurry.
- very high rates of conversion in the processes can advantageously be achieved by utilizing concentrated detergent slurries.
- the presence of more than about 0.5% wt. of potassium sulfate in the slurry (while the trimetaphosphate conversion reaction is being carried out) in some way may act as a catalyst for the conversion reaction, sometimes increasing the rate of conversion as much as 50% or more.
- the amount of KOH utilized in the in-situ process will be an amount sufficient to furnish enough hydroxyl ions to the reaction so that at least a substantial amount or proportion (e.g., at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 99%, and alternatively 100%) of the KTMP in the slurry can be converted into the corresponding KTPP.
- a substantial amount or proportion e.g., at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, at least about 95%, at least about 99%, and alternatively 100%
- the amount of the KOH that can be utilized (in the slurry) will generally be at least enough to furnish at least about one, at least about 1.1, at least about 1.2, at least about 1.3, at least about 1.4, at least about 1.5, at least about 1.6, at least about 1.7, at least about 1.8, at least about 1.9, at least about 2.0, and alternatively, at least about 2.1 mole equivalents of hydroxyl ions per mole of KTMP, which is present in the slurry.
- the slurry should be formulated to contain at least about two moles of KOH per mole KTMP therein.
- KTMP may be used herein to prepare any suitable amount of KTPP.
- a suitable amount of KTMP that is converted during in-situ hydrolysis is that amount which provides from about 20% to about 50%, from about 20% to about 40%, and alternatively from about 25% to about 35% of potassium tripolyphosphate, by weight of the composition, after in-situ hydrolysis is substantially completed (e.g. 100% of the KTMP in the slurry is converted to KTPP).
- the process described herein may provide any suitable amount of KTPP.
- Suitable amounts of KTPP prepared by in-situ hydrolysis include, but are not limited to: an amount from about 20% to about 50%, from about 20% to about 40%, and alternatively, from about 25% to about 35%, by weight of the composition.
- KTPP*6H2O represents potassium tripolyphosphate hexahydrate.
- the total amount of water needed to substantially convert the KTPP to KTPP*6H2O is at least about 5.87%, by weight of the slurry.
- a detergent slurries may contain at least about 5.87% water, at least about 10% water, at least about 15% water, at least about 20% water, at least about 30% water, at least about 35% water, at least about 45% water, at least about 50% water, at least about 55% water, at least about 60% water, at least about 65% water, at least about 70% water, at least about 75% water, at least about 80% water, at least about 85% water, at least about 90% water, at least about 95% water, and alternatively at least about 99% water, based on the total weight of the completely formulated slurry mixture.
- any suitable amount of the slurry mixture may be used (such as, a detergent base or as a premix) to prepare the substantially sodium ion-free, aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- the slurry mixture may be used at 100% concentration and in combination with at least one adjunct ingredient to form the aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- any suitable dilution may be used herein.
- Suitable diluents may include, but are not limited to: carrier mediums and/or solvents, as described herein.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may comprise from about 5.87% to about 80% water, by weight of the composition.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may comprise from about 10% to about 70% water, from about 15% to about 60% water, from about 20% to about 50% water, from about 25% to about 50% water, from about 30% to about 50% water, and from about 35% to about 50% water, by weight of the composition.
- Sodium ions may unintentionally be present as a raw material impurity and/or a contaminant.
- the expression "substantially free of sodium ions" means that the resulting, aqueous ADW detergent composition may have less than about 1% sodium ions present, by weight of the composition.
- the resulting, aqueous ADW detergent composition may comprise sodium ions in an amount less than about 0.1%, and alternatively, less than about 0.01%, by weight of the composition. Viscosity and Yield Value
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition herein may have any suitable viscosity and yield value.
- an aqueous ADW detergent composition that is to be dispensed from a container may have a viscosity in the range of from about 100 CPS to about 1,000,000 CPS, as measured herein with a Contravis Rheomat 115 viscometer utilizing a Rheoscan 100 controller and a DIN145 spindle at 25° C.
- the viscosity range may be from about 500 CPS to about 500,000 CPS, from about 1,000 CPS to about 100,000 CPS, from about 1,000 CPS to about 50,000 CPS, and from about 10,000 CPS to about 28,000 CPS.
- the yield value of the aqueous ADW detergent composition may be in the range of from about 20 to about 500, from about 50 to about 350, and alternatively from about 100 to about 250.
- the yield value is an indication of the shear stress at which the gel strength is exceeded and flow is initiated. It is measured herein with a Contravis Rheomat 115 viscometer utilizing a Rheoscan 100 controller and a DIN 145 spindle at 25° C.
- the shear rate may rise linearly from 0 to about 0.4 inverse second over a period of 10 minutes after an initial 5 -minute rest period.
- an aqueous ADW detergent composition that is to be dispensed in the form of a unitized dose may have a viscosity range at 1 inverse second of from about 100 CPS to about 1,000,000 CPS, from about 500 CPS to about 500,000 CPS, from about 1,000 CPS to about 100,000 CPS, from about 1,000 CPS to about 50,000 CPS, and alternatively, from about 1,000 CPS to about 20,000 CPS as measured herein with a Contravis Rheomat 115 viscometer utilizing a
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition herein may have any suitable pH.
- a suitable pH for at least some non-limiting embodiments may fall anywhere within the range of from about 7 to about 12, from about 8 to about 12, from about 9 to about 11.5, and alternatively from about 9 to about 11 as measured by a 1% aqueous solution.
- certain embodiments of the aqueous ADW detergent composition have a pH of greater than or equal to about 7, greater than or equal to about 8, greater than or equal to about 9, greater than or equal to about 10, greater than or equal to about 11, and alternatively, equal to about 12, as measured by a 1% aqueous solution.
- OPTIONAL ADJUNCT INGREDIENTS OPTIONAL ADJUNCT INGREDIENTS
- adjunct ingredient in any suitable amount may be used in the aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- Suitable adjunct ingredients as described herein are substantially sodium ion-free.
- Suitable adjunct ingredients may include, but are not limited to: surfactants; suds suppressors; co-builders; enzymes; bleaching systems; thickening agents; dispersant polymers; solvents; anticorrosion agents; and mixtures thereof.
- adjunct ingredients may include, but are not limited to: potassium counter ions, such as, potassium salts including potassium chloride; enzyme stabilizers, such as calcium ion, boric acid, glycerine, propylene glycol, short chain carboxylic acids, boronic acids, and mixtures thereof; chelating agents, such as, alkali metal ethane 1- hydroxy diphosphonates (HEDP), alkylene poly (alkylene phosphonate), as well as, amino phosphonate compounds, including amino aminotri(methylene phosphonic acid) (ATMP), nitrilo trimethylene phosphonates (NTP), ethylene diamine tetra methylene phosphonates, and diethylene triamine penta methylene phosphonates (DTPMP); alkalinity sources; pH buffering agents, such as, amino acids, tris(hydroxymethyl)amino methane (TRIS), 2-amino-2-ethyl-l,3-propanediol, 2-amino-2-
- hydrozincite and zinc oxide processing aids; plasticizers (e.g. propylene glycol and glycerine); aesthetic enhancing agents, such as dyes, colorants, pigments, speckles, perfume, and oils; preservatives; and mixtures thereof.
- plasticizers e.g. propylene glycol and glycerine
- aesthetic enhancing agents such as dyes, colorants, pigments, speckles, perfume, and oils
- preservatives and mixtures thereof.
- adjunct ingredients may contain low levels of sodium ions by way of impurities or contamination.
- adjunct ingredients may be present in an amount from about 0.0001% to about 99%, by weight of the composition.
- Adjunct ingredients suitable for use are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos.: 3,128,287; 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,308,067; 3,400,148; 3,422,021; 3,422,137; 3,629,121; 3,635,830; 3,835,163; 3,923,679;3,929,678; 3,985,669; 4,101,457; 4,102,903; 4,120,874; 4,141,841; 4,144,226; 4,158,635; 4,223,163; 4,228,042; 4,239,660; 4,246,612; 4,259,217; 4,260,529; 4,530,766; 4,566,984; 4,605,509; 4,663,071; 4,663,071; 4,810,410; 5,084,535; 5,114,611; 5,227,084; 5,559,089; 5,691,292; 5,698,046; 5,705,464
- Any suitable surfactant in any suitable amount or form may be used herein.
- Suitable surfactants include anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, ampholytic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable nonionic surfactants are most typically used to confer improved water- sheeting action (especially on glassware) to the aqueous ADW product.
- Nonionic surfactants generally are well known, being described in more detail in Kirk Othmer's Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd Ed., Vol. 22, pp. 360-379, "Surfactants and Detersive Systems".
- Suitable nonionic surfactants may be low-foaming surfactants having low cloud points.
- Suitable low cloud point surfactants may include polyoxyethylene block polymeric compounds and polyoxypropylene block polymeric compounds.
- Block polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene polymeric compounds include those based on ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, trimethylolpropane and ethylenediamine as initiator reactive hydrogen compound.
- Certain of the block polymer surfactant compounds designated PLURONIC ® , REVERSED PLURONIC ® , and TETRONIC ® by the BASF-Wyandotte Corp., Wyandotte, Mich., are also suitable in aqueous ADW detergent compositions described herein.
- Non-limiting examples include REVERSED PLURONIC ® 25R2 and TETRONIC ® 702.
- the low cloud point surfactant, described herein may further have a hydrophile-lipophile balance ("HLB"; see Kirk Othmer hereinbefore) value within the range of from about 1 to about 10, alternatively from about 3 to about 8.
- HLB hydrophile-lipophile balance
- Suitable zwitterionic surfactants may be chosen from the group consisting of C 8 to Ci 8 (alternatively, Ci 2 to Ci 8 ) amine oxides and sulfo- and hydroxy- betaines, such as N- alkyl-N,N-dimethylammino-l -propane sulfonate where the alkyl group can be C 8 to Ci 8 , alternatively Ci 0 to Ci 4 .
- Suitable anionic surfactants may be chosen from alkylethoxycarboxylates, alkylethoxysulfates, with the degree of ethoxylation greater than 3 (alternatively from about 4 to about 10, or from about 6 to about 8), and chain length in the range of C 8 to Ci 6 , alternatively in the range of Cn to Ci 5 .
- branched alkylcarboxylates have been found to be useful when the branch occurs in the middle and the average total chain length may be 10 to 18, alternatively 12-16 with the side branch 2-4 carbons in length.
- An example is 2- butyloctanoic acid.
- the anionic surfactant may be typically of a type having good solubility in the presence of calcium. Such anionic surfactants are further illustrated by sulfobetaines, alkyl(polyethoxy)sulfates (AES), alkyl (polyethoxy)carboxylates (AEC), and short chained C 6 -Ci 0 alkyl sulfates and sulfonates.
- Suitable surfactants may also encompass suitable polymeric materials in any suitable amount or form.
- Suitable polymeric materials may include, but are not limited to: non-silicone, phosphate, or non-phosphate polymers. These polymeric materials are known to defoam food soils commonly encountered in ADW processes.
- Suitable surfactants can also optionally contain propylene oxide in an amount up to about 15% by weight.
- a surfactant may be used in a surfactant system or mixed surfactant system comprising two or more distinct surfactants (such as, a charged surfactant selected from nonionic surfactants, zwitterionic surfactants, anionic surfactants, and mixtures thereof).
- surfactants suitable for use are disclosed, for example, in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,929,678; 4,223,163; 4,228,042; 4,239,660; 4,259,217; 4,260,529; and 6,326,341; EP Pat. No. 0414 549, EP Pat. No. 0,200,263, PCT Pub. No. WO 93/08876 and PCT Pub. No. WO 93/08874. >
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may comprise a surfactant in an amount from 0% to about 60%, from 1% to about 30%, from 2% to about 20%, from 2% to about 15%, from 2% to about 10%, and alternatively, from 2% to about 8% by weight of the composition.
- Suds suppressors suitable for use may be low-foaming and include low cloud point nonionic surfactants (as discussed above) and mixtures of higher foaming surfactants with low cloud point nonionic surfactants which act as suds suppressors therein (see EP Pat. No. 0705324, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,593,287, and 6,326,341).
- one or more suds suppressors may be present in an amount from about 0% to about 30% by weight, or about 0.2% to about 30% by weight, or from about 0.5% to about 10%, and alternatively, from about 1% to about 5% by weight of composition.
- Suitable co-builders include, but are not limited to: citrates, including, potassium citrate monohydrate; phosphates; nitrilotriacetates; ethylenediamintetraacetates; oxydisuccinates; mellitates; silicates; aluminosilicates; polycarboxylates, fatty acids, such as ethylene-diamine tetraacetate; and metal ion sequestrants, such as, aminopolyphosphonates, ethylenediamine tetramethylene phosphonic acid, and diethylene triamine pentamethylene-phosphonic acid; and mixtures thereof.
- citrates including, potassium citrate monohydrate; phosphates; nitrilotriacetates; ethylenediamintetraacetates; oxydisuccinates; mellitates; silicates; aluminosilicates; polycarboxylates, fatty acids, such as ethylene-diamine tetraacetate; and metal
- Substantially sodium ion-free builders may be disclosed in the following patents and publications: U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,128,287; 3,159,581; 3,213,030; 3,308,067; 3,400,148; 3,422,021; 3,422,137; 3,635,830; 3,835,163; 3,923,679; 3,985,669; 4,102,903; 4,120,874; 4,144,226; 4,158,635; 4,566,984; 4,605,509; 4,663,071; and 4,663,071; German Patent Application No. 2,321,001 published on Nov. 15, 1973; European Pat. No. 0,200,263; Kirk Othmer, 3rd Edition, Vol. 17, pp. 426-472 and in "Advanced Inorganic Chemistry” by Cotton and Wilkinson, pp. 394-400 (John Wiley and Sons, Inc.; 1972).
- Enzymes suitable for use include, but are not limited to: proteases, amylases, lipases, cellulases, peroxidases, and mixtures thereof. Amylases and/or proteases are commercially available with improved bleach compatibility.
- Suitable proteolytic enzymes include, but are not limited to: trypsin, subtilisin, chymotrypsin and elastase-type proteases. Suitable for use herein are subtilisin-type proteolytic enzymes. Particularly preferred is bacterial serine proteolytic enzyme obtained from Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus licheniformis.
- Suitable proteolytic enzymes also include Novo Industri A/S ALCALASE ® , ESPERASE ® , SAVINASE ® (Copenhagen, Denmark), Gist-brocades' MAXATASE ® , MAXACAL ® and MAXAPEM ® 15 (protein engineered MAXACAL ® ) (Delft, Netherlands), and subtilisin BPN and BPN'(preferred), which are commercially available.
- Suitable proteolytic enzymes may include also modified bacterial serine proteases, such as those made by Genencor International, Inc. (San Francisco, Calif.) which are described in European Patent 251,446B, granted Dec. 28, 1994 (particularly pages 17, 24 and 98) and which are also called herein "Protease B".
- Protease A modified bacterial serine proteolytic enzyme
- Other proteases are sold under the tradenames: PRIMASE ® , DURAZYM ® , OPTICLEAN ® and OPTIMASE ® .
- a suitable proteolytic enzyme may be selected from the group consisting of ALCALASE ® (Novo Industri A/S), BPN 1 , Protease A and Protease B (Genencor), and mixtures thereof.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may comprise an amount up to about 5 mg, more typically about 0.01 mg to about 3 mg by weight, of active enzyme per gram of the composition.
- Protease enzymes may be provided as a commercial preparation at levels sufficient to provide from 0.005 to 0.1 Anson units (AU) of activity per gram of composition, or 0.01%-l% by weight of the enzyme preparation.
- AU Anson units
- enzyme-containing, aqueous ADW detergent compositions may comprise from about 0.0001% to about 10%, or from about 0.005% to 8%, or from about 0.01% to about 6%, by weight of an enzyme stabilizing system.
- the enzyme stabilizing system can include any stabilizing agent that is compatible with the detersive enzyme. Suitable enzyme stabilizing agents can include, but are not limited to: calcium ions, boric acid, glycerine, propylene glycol, short chain carboxylic acid, boronic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable bleaching system comprising any suitable bleaching agent in any suitable amount or form may be used herein.
- Suitable bleaching agents include, but are not limited to: halogenated bleaches and oxygen bleaches.
- Suitable oxygen bleaches can be any convenient conventional oxygen bleach, including hydrogen peroxide.
- perborate e.g., potassium perborate (any hydrate, e.g. mono- or tetra-hydrate), potassium percarbonate, potassium peroxyhydrate, potassium pyrophosphate peroxyhydrate, potassium peroxide, or urea peroxyhydrate
- Organic peroxy compounds can also be used as oxygen bleaches. Examples of these are benzoyl peroxide and the diacyl peroxides. Mixtures of any convenient oxygen bleaching sources can also be used.
- Suitable halogenated bleaches may include chlorine bleaches.
- Suitable chlorine bleaches can be any convenient conventional chlorine bleach. Such compounds are often divided in to two categories namely, inorganic chlorine bleaches and organic chlorine bleaches. Examples of the former are calcium hypochlorite, potassium hypochlorite, and magnesium hypochlorite.
- Examples of the latter are potassium dichloroisocyanurate, 1,3-dichloro- 5,5-dimethlhydantoin, N-chlorosulfamide, chloramine T, dichloramine T, chloramine B, dichloramine T, N,N'-dichlorobenzoylene urea, paratoluene sulfondichoroamide, trichloromethylamine, N-chlorosuccinimide, N,N'-dichloroazodicarbonamide, N- chloroacetyl urea, N,N'-dichlorobiuret, and chlorinated dicyandamide.
- the bleaching system may also comprise transition metal-containing bleach catalysts, bleach activators, and mixtures thereof.
- Bleach catalysts suitable for use include, but are not limited to: the manganese triazacyclononane and related complexes (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,246,612, U.S. Pat. No. 5,227,084); Co, Cu, Mn and Fe bispyridylamine and related complexes (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,114,611); and pentamine acetate cobalt (III) and related complexes (see U.S. Pat. No. 4,810,410) at levels from 0% to about 10.0%, by weight; and alternatively, from about 0.0001% to about 1.0%.
- Typical bleach activators suitable for use include, but are not limited to: peroxyacid bleach precursors, precursors of perbenzoic acid and substituted perbenzoic acid; cationic peroxyacid precursors; peracetic acid precursors such as TAED, potassium acetoxybenzene sulfonate and pentaacetylglucose; pernonanoic acid precursors such as potassium 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoyloxybenzene sulfonate and potassium nonanoyloxybenzene sulfonate; amide substituted alkyl peroxyacid precursors (EP Pat. No. 0170386); and benzoxazin peroxyacid precursors (EP Pat. No. 0332294 and EP Pat.
- bleach activators include substituted benzoyl caprolactam bleach activators.
- the substituted benzoyl caprolactams have the formula:
- Rl, R ⁇ , R3, R4 ? and R ⁇ contain from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and are members selected from the group consisting of H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, alkaryl, alkaryloxy, and members having the structure:
- Rg is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, alkaryl, alkoxy, alkoxyaryl, alkaryloxy, and aminoalkyl;
- X is O, NH, or NR7, wherein R ⁇ is H or a C1-C4 alkyl group; and
- Rg is an alkyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group containing from 3 to 11 carbon atoms; provided that at least one R substituent is not H.
- Rl, R ⁇ , R3 ⁇ and R ⁇ are H and R ⁇ may be selected from the group consisting of methyl, methoxy, ethyl, ethoxy, propyl, propoxy, isopropyl, isopropoxy, butyl, tert-butyl, butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyl, pentoxy, hexyl, hexoxy, Cl, and NO 3 .
- Rl, R ⁇ , R3 are H, and R ⁇ and R ⁇ may be selected from the group consisting of methyl, methoxy, and Cl.
- the bleaching agent, bleach catalyst, and/or bleach activator may be encapsulated with any suitable encapsulant that is compatible with the aqueous ADW detergent composition and any bleach-sensitive adjunct ingredient (e.g. enzymes).
- any suitable encapsulant that is compatible with the aqueous ADW detergent composition and any bleach-sensitive adjunct ingredient (e.g. enzymes).
- sulfate/carbonate coatings may be provided to control the rate of release as disclosed in UK Pat. No. GB 1466799.
- bleaching agents and bleaching systems may be disclosed in the following publications: GB-A-836988, GB-A-855735, GB-A-864798, GB-A- 1147871, GB-A-1586789, GB-A-1246338, and GB-A-2143231.
- the bleaching agent or bleaching system may be present in an amount from about 0% to about 30% by weight, or about 1% to about 15% by weight, or from about 1% to about 10% by weight, and alternatively from about 2% to about 6% by weight of composition.
- Thickening agent may be present in an amount from about 0% to about 30% by weight, or about 1% to about 15% by weight, or from about 1% to about 10% by weight, and alternatively from about 2% to about 6% by weight of composition.
- Suitable thickening agents include, but are not limited to polymeric thickening agents, such as cross-linked polycarboxylate polymers having a weight-average molecular weight of from about 500,000 to about 5,000,000, alternatively from about 750,000 to about 4,000,000, such as a polycarboxylate polymer (e.g. CARBOPOL ® 980 from B.F. Goodrich); naturally occurring or synthetic clays; cellulose derivatives, natural gums (e.g. xanthum gum), and mixtures thereof.
- polymeric thickening agents such as cross-linked polycarboxylate polymers having a weight-average molecular weight of from about 500,000 to about 5,000,000, alternatively from about 750,000 to about 4,000,000, such as a polycarboxylate polymer (e.g. CARBOPOL ® 980 from B.F. Goodrich); naturally occurring or synthetic clays; cellulose derivatives, natural gums (e.g. xanthum gum), and mixtures thereof.
- the polycarboxylate polymer may be a carboxyvinyl polymer.
- Suitable thickening agents may also include polyaspartates, carboxylated polysaccharides, particularly starches, celluloses and alginates, described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,723,322; the dextrin esters of polycarboxylic acids disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,107; the hydroxyalkyl starch ethers, starch esters, oxidized starches, dextrins and starch hydrolysates described in U.S. Pat No. 3,803,285; the carboxylated starches described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,629,121; and the dextrin starches described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,141,841.
- Suitable cellulose thickening agents include, but are not limited to: cellulose sulfate esters (for example, cellulose acetate sulfate, cellulose sulfate, hydroxyethyl cellulose sulfate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose methylcellulose sulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose sulfate, and mixtures thereof), potassium cellulose sulfate, carboxy methyl cellulose (e.g. QUATRISOFT ® LM200), and mixtures thereof.
- cellulose sulfate esters for example, cellulose acetate sulfate, cellulose sulfate, hydroxyethyl cellulose sulfate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose methylcellulose sulfate, hydroxypropylcellulose sulfate, and mixtures thereof
- potassium cellulose sulfate for example, potassium cellulose sulfate, carboxy methyl cellulose (e.g. QUATRISOFT ®
- a thickener may be present in an amount from about 0.2% to about 5% of a thickening agent, alternatively from about 0.5% to about 2.5% of the compositions herein.
- Any suitable dispersant polymer in any suitable amount may be used herein.
- Unsaturated monomeric acids that can be polymerized to form suitable dispersant polymers include acrylic acid, maleic acid (or maleic anhydride), fiimaric acid, itaconic acid, aconitic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
- Substantially non-neutralized forms of the polymer may also be used in the aqueous ADW detergent compositions.
- the weight-average molecular weight of the polymer can vary over a wide range, for instance from about 1000 to about 500,000, alternatively from about 1000 to about 250,000.
- Copolymers of acrylamide and acrylate having a weight-average molecular weight of from about 3,000 to about 100,000, or from about 4,000 to about 20,000, and an acrylamide content of less than about 50%, and alternatively, less than about 20%, by weight of the dispersant polymer can also be used.
- the dispersant polymer may have a weight-average molecular weight of from about 4,000 to about 20,000 and an acrylamide content of from about 0% to about 15%, by weight of the polymer.
- Suitable modified polyacrylate copolymers include, but are not limited to the low weight-average molecular weight copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acids disclosed in U.S. Patents 4,530,766, and 5,084,535; and European Patent No. 0,066,915.
- Suitable dispersant polymers include, but are not limited to, those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,308,067; 3,308,067; and 4,379,080.
- Suitable dispersant polymers also include water-soluble, sulfonated/carboxylated polymers comprising: (i) at least one carboxylic acid functionality; (ii) optionally, one or more nonionic functionality; and (iii) at least one sulfonate functionality, wherein the sulfonate functionality is less than 4 mole % of the molar content of the polymer.
- Suitable sulfonated/carboxylated polymers may have a weight-average molecular weight of less than or equal to about 100,000 Da, or less than or equal to about 75,000 Da, or less than or equal to about 50,000 Da, or from about 10,000 Da to about 50,000, or from about 15,000 Da to about 50,000 Da; or from about 20,000 Da to about 50,000 Da, or alternatively, from about 25,000 Da to about 50,000 Da.
- the sulfonated/carboxylated polymers may comprise (a) at least one structural unit derived from at least one carboxylic monomer having the general formula (I):
- R 1 to R 4 are independently hydrogen, methyl, carboxylic acid group or CH2COOH and wherein the carboxylic acid groups can be neutralized; (b) optionally, one or more structural units derived from at least one nonionic monomer having the general formula (H):
- R 5 is hydrogen, Ci to C 6 alkyl, or Ci to C 6 hydroxyalkyl, and X is either aromatic (with R 5 being hydrogen or methyl when X is aromatic) or X is of the general formula (IH):
- R is (independently of R ) hydrogen, Ci to C 6 alkyl, or Ci to C 6 hydroxyalkyl, and Y is O or N; and at least one structural unit derived from at least one sulfonate monomer having the general formula (IV):
- R 7 is a group comprising at least one sp 2 bond, A is O, N, P, S or an amido or ester linkage, B is a mono- or polycyclic aromatic group or an aliphatic group, each t is independently 0 or 1, and M + is a cation.
- R 7 is a C 2 to C 6 alkene.
- R 7 is ethane, butene or propene.
- a dispersant polymer may be present in an amount in the range from about 0.01% to about 25%, or from about 0.1% to about 20%, and alternatively, from about 0.1% to about 7% by weight of the composition.
- Suitable solvents include ethers and di ethers having from 4 to 14 carbon atoms, from 6 to 12 carbon atoms (alternatively from 8 to 10 carbon atoms), glycols or alkoxylated glycols, glycol ethers, alkoxylated aromatic alcohols, aromatic alcohols, and simple alcohols.
- Suitable polyethylene glycols and polypropylene glycols may have a weight- average molecular weight of from about 950 to about 30,000. Such compounds for example, having a melting point within the range of from about 3O 0 C to about 100 0 C can be obtained at weight-average molecular weights of 1450, 3400, 4500, 6000, 7400, 9500, and 20,000. Such compounds are formed by the polymerization of ethylene glycol or propylene glycol with the requisite number of moles of ethylene or propylene oxide to provide the desired weight-average molecular weight and melting point of the respective polyethylene and polypropylene glycol.
- the polyethylene, polypropylene, and mixed glycols are referred to using the formula:
- Suitable polyethylene and polypropylene glycols can be obtained from the Dow Chemical Company of Midland, Michigan.
- a solvent may be present in an amount in the range from about 0.01% to about 70%, from about 0.1% to about 50%, from about 0.1% to about 20%, and alternatively, from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight of the composition.
- Any suitable polyvalent metal compound may be used in any suitable amount or form.
- Suitable polyvalent metal compounds include, but are not limited to: polyvalent metal salts, oxides, hydroxides, and mixtures thereof.
- Suitable polyvalent metals include, but are not limited to: Groups HA, IIIA, IVA, VA, VA, VIIA, HB, IIIB, IVB, VB and VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements.
- suitable polyvalent metals may include Al, Mg, Co, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cd, Sn, Sb, Bi, and Zn. These polyvalent metals may be used in their higher oxidation states.
- any suitable polyvalent metal salt may be used in any suitable amount or form.
- suitable salts include but are not limited to: organic salts, inorganic salts, and mixtures thereof.
- suitable polyvalent metal may include: water-soluble metal salts, slightly water-soluble metal salts, water-insoluble metal salts, slightly water-insoluble metal salts, and mixtures thereof.
- suitable polyvalent metal compounds include, but are not limited to: aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, hydrozincite, and mixtures thereof.
- the level of polyvalent metal compound may be selected so as to provide from about 0.01% to about 60%, from about 0.02% to about 50%, from about 0.05% to about 40%, from about 0.05% to about 30%, from about 0.05% to about 20%, from about 0.05% to about 10%, and alternatively, from about 0.1% to about 5%, by weight, of the composition of polyvalent metal ions.
- a typical ADW appliance uses between about 5 and about 7 Liters, alternatively about 6 Liters of main wash liquor per fill, into which the operator generally dispenses: from about 15 g to about 80 g; from about 15 g to about 60 g; from about 15 g to about 40 g; and alternatively, from about 20 g to about 30 g of the aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- a typical wash cycle takes approximately between about 60 and about 90 minutes depending on the quantity of dishware in the aqueous ADW appliance.
- the wash cycle generally consists of: (i) a pre-wash; (ii) a main wash cycle; (iii) a hot rinse cycle during which the rinse water is heated to a temperature of between about 50° C. and about 70° C; (iv) optionally, additional hot rinse cycles; and (v) a drying cycle via air, heated air, or both.
- suitable ADW appliances include GE 2000 and Whirlpool 920.
- any suitable method of treating and/or cleaning dishware in an automatic dishwashing appliance with the aqueous ADW detergent composition and/or composition of matter described herein may be used to impart one or more of the benefits described herein during one or more of the wash and/or rinse cycles.
- the contacting of dishware may occur over any suitable amount or period of time, so long as dishware is contacted with at least some potassium tripolyphosphate described herein during at least some portion of the wash and/or rinse cycle.
- Suitable amounts or periods of time include, but are not limited to: from about 10 seconds to about 60 minutes; from about 30 seconds to about 45 minutes; from about 1 minute to about 30 minutes; from about 2 minutes to about 20 minutes; and alternatively from about 2 minutes to about 15 minutes.
- a method of treating and/or protecting dishware is provided using an aqueous ADW detergent composition described herein.
- the method comprises the step of providing an aqueous ADW detergent composition comprising (i) an effective amount of potassium tripolyphosphate, by weight of the composition that is prepared by in-situ hydrolysis according to the formula
- the method may further comprise the step of dissolving the aqueous ADW detergent composition in wash liquor having a hardness of from about 1 to about 2 mmol/L in any suitable ADW appliance to provide a solution with an interfacial tension of less than about 4 Dynes/cm2, alternatively, less than about 2 Dynes/cm2, where the wash liquor has a temperature of less than about 45° C, less than about 40° C, and alternatively, less than about 35° C.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may be provided as a unitized dose.
- Suitable product forms include, but are not limited to: liquids, liquigels, gels, foams, creams, pastes, and combinations thereof.
- Any suitable dispensing means may be used herein. Suitable dispensing means include dispensing baskets or cups, bottles (e.g. pump-assisted bottles, squeeze bottles, etc.), mechanical pumps, multi-compartment bottles, paste dispensers, capsules, tablets, multi-phase tablets, coated tablets, single- and/or multi-compartment water-soluble pouches, single- and/or multi-compartment water-soluble gel packs, and combinations thereof.
- the water-soluble pouches and water-soluble gel packs may be formed from water-soluble films selected from the group consisting of polyvinylalcohol (PVA), hydroxymethylcellulose (HPMC), and combinations thereof.
- an aqueous ADW detergent composition may be provided as a unit dose (e.g. capsules, tablets, and/or pouches) to provide the consumer one or more of the following benefits: a proper dosing means, dosing convenience, specialized dishware treatment (i.e. improved cleaning performance, lower sudsing, tarnish protection for flatware, shine improvement, anti-corrosion protection, and/or tomato stain removal for plastic ware).
- the unit dose may provide a means to reduce negative interactions of incompatible components during the wash and/or rinse processes by allowing for the controlled release (e.g. delayed, sustained, triggered, slow release, etc.) of certain components of the aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- a suitable unitized dose of the aqueous ADW detergent composition may, for example, contain: from about 15 g to about 80 g; from about 15 g to about 60 g; from about 15 g to about 40 g; and alternatively, from about 20 g to about 30 g of the aqueous ADW detergent composition.
- a multi-compartment water-soluble pouch may comprise two or more incompatible components (e.g. bleach and enzymes) in separate compartments.
- the water-soluble pouch may be comprised of two or more water-soluble films defining two or more separate compartments. The two or more films may exhibit different dissolution rates in the wash liquor.
- One compartment may first dissolve and release a first component into the wash liquor up to 1 minute, up to 2 minutes, up to 3 minutes, up to 5 minutes, up to 8 minutes, up to 10 minutes, and alternatively up to 15 minutes faster in the wash liquor than the other compartment, which houses a second component that may be incompatible with the first component.
- a multi ⁇ phase product may comprise in a one compartment, the aqueous ADW detergent composition, described herein, and in a separate compartment of a multi-compartment water-soluble pouch, a solid detergent composition (e.g. powder, granules, capsules, and/or tablets).
- a solid detergent composition e.g. powder, granules, capsules, and/or tablets.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition may also be packaged in any suitable manner or form, for example, as a kit, which may comprise a package comprising (a) the aqueous ADW detergent composition described herein; and (b) instructions for using the aqueous ADW detergent composition to treat dishware and provide a benefit (i.e. improved cleaning performance, lower sudsing, tarnish protection for flatware, shine improvement, anti-corrosion protection, and/or tomato stain removal for plastic ware), wherein the aqueous ADW detergent composition may be substantially sodium-ion free.
- a kit which may comprise a package comprising (a) the aqueous ADW detergent composition described herein; and (b) instructions for using the aqueous ADW detergent composition to treat dishware and provide a benefit (i.e. improved cleaning performance, lower sudsing, tarnish protection for flatware, shine improvement, anti-corrosion protection, and/or tomato stain removal for plastic ware), wherein the aqueous ADW detergent composition may be substantially sodium
- suitable compositions of matter may be used herein in any suitable aqueous solution.
- suitable aqueous solutions include, but are not limited to: hot and/or cold water, wash and/or rinse liquor, and combinations thereof.
- suitable compositions of matter may comprise wash liquor of an ADW appliance, which contains the aqueous ADW detergent composition provided herein to treat and/or protect dishware and impart one or more of the benefits described above during the wash and/or rinse cycles.
- One non-limiting embodiment is a composition of matter for treating dishware, comprises a wash liquor comprising an aqueous ADW detergent composition, having from about 1,000 ppm to about 25,000 ppm, or from about 1,000 ppm to about 20,000 ppm, or from about 1,000 ppm to about 15,000 ppm, from about 1,000 ppm to about 10,000 ppm, from about 1,000 ppm to about 8,000 ppm, and alternatively, from about 1 ,000 ppm to about 4,000 ppm, by concentration, of potassium tripolyphosphate, that is prepared by in-siru hydrolysis according to the formula:
- compositions of matter are substantially free of sodium ions.
- the aqueous ADW detergent composition of Example 1 may be prepared according to the following procedure: a slurry mixture is prepared in a separate jacket-lined mixing vessel by dispersing 20% wt. KTMP in 53.34% wt. water for about ten minutes at 100 rpm to 300 rpm mixing speed to form a slurry. Subsequently, 14.06% wt. of a 45% active KOH is added and reacted with the KTMP in-situ to form KTPP by hydrolysis. Optionally, the 45% active KOH is initially heated to about 45° C prior to addition. Optionally, 0.5% wt. potassium sulfate is added to the mixture. Slurry mixing is continued for about ten minutes until the solids are dissolved.
- wt. granular potassium silicate is added next to the main mixture and mixed for ten minutes at 300 rpm to 600 rpm mixing speed.
- heat is applied by passing hot water or steam through the jacket during mixing, if required, to dissolve the silicate solids.
- 1.2% wt. encapsulated potassium hypochlorite is dry blended in a separate vessel along with the 1% wt. nonionic surfactant (TETRONIC®) and the 2% wt. dye, pigments, speckles, and/or colorants to form a dry blend.
- This dry blend is then added to the mixing vessel to achieve a homogeneous dispersion in about two minutes of agitation at 100 rpm to 300 rpm mixing speed.
- 0.5% wt. xanthum gum is then added to the mixing vessel to achieve viscosity of about 22,000 cps in the finished product in about ten minutes at 300 rpm to 600 rpm mixing speed.
- the mixture is optionally cooled using a cold-water jacket. Then, 0.9% wt. perfume is added and dispersed in about 2 minutes at 100 rpm to 300 rpm mixing speed to form the resulting, aqueous ADW detergent composition, which is then placed in a bottle. Mixing times add up to about 44 minutes. Amounts are expressed in units of percent weight of the aqueous ADW detergent composition unless otherwise noted.
- aqueous ADW detergent compositions are provided for purposes of showing certain embodiments, and as such are not intended to be limiting in any manner.
- weight-average molecular weight is the weight-average molecular weight as determined using gel permeation chromatography according to the protocol found in Colloids and Surfaces, Physico Chemical & Engineering Aspects, Vol. 162, 2000, pg. 107-121. The units are Daltons.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
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CA002581649A CA2581649A1 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-24 | Method of cleaning dishware using automatic dishwashing detergent compositions containing potassium tripolyphosphate formed by in-situ hydrolysis |
EP05800981A EP1794271A1 (en) | 2004-09-28 | 2005-09-24 | Method of cleaning dishware using automatic dishwashing detergent compositions containing potassium tripolyphosphate formed by in-situ hydrolysis |
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US61369404P | 2004-09-28 | 2004-09-28 | |
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- 2005-09-15 US US11/227,365 patent/US20060069004A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-24 EP EP05800981A patent/EP1794271A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-09-24 CA CA002581649A patent/CA2581649A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-09-24 WO PCT/US2005/034720 patent/WO2006037005A1/en active Application Filing
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EP3569682A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid hard surface cleaning compositions having improved viscosity |
EP3569683A1 (en) | 2018-05-15 | 2019-11-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Liquid acidic hard surface cleaning compositions providing improved maintenance of surface shine, and prevention of water marks and splash marks |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1794271A1 (en) | 2007-06-13 |
US20060069004A1 (en) | 2006-03-30 |
CA2581649A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
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