WO2002084931A1 - Procede de codage/decodage d'un flux de donnees numeriques codees abec entrelacement sur bits en emission et un reception multiple en presence d'interference intersymboles et systeme correspondant - Google Patents
Procede de codage/decodage d'un flux de donnees numeriques codees abec entrelacement sur bits en emission et un reception multiple en presence d'interference intersymboles et systeme correspondant Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
- H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
- H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/25—Error detection or forward error correction by signal space coding, i.e. adding redundancy in the signal constellation, e.g. Trellis Coded Modulation [TCM]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M13/00—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
- H03M13/29—Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
- H03M13/2957—Turbo codes and decoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
- H04L1/0048—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation in conjunction with detection of multiuser or interfering signals, e.g. iteration between CDMA or MIMO detector and FEC decoder
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
- H04L1/0045—Arrangements at the receiver end
- H04L1/0047—Decoding adapted to other signal detection operation
- H04L1/005—Iterative decoding, including iteration between signal detection and decoding operation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03171—Arrangements involving maximum a posteriori probability [MAP] detection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
- H04L25/03337—Arrangements involving per-survivor processing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for coding / decoding a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence of intersymbol interference and a corresponding system.
- the coding / decoding method and the system which are the subject of the invention are more particularly suited to the implementation of high or very high speed radio frequency transmission systems usable in the context of mobile telephony. or, where appropriate, in the field of radio frequency linkage between electronic devices, in any environment, particularly severe.
- the transmission of digital data with a high degree of reliability and security encounters a major obstacle, that of the transmission of this data via a variable transmission channel and the characteristics are not known a priori.
- the digital data transmitted are subdivided into symbols, constituted by sequences of bits of these data, each symbol allowing the modulation of a carrier radio wave transmitted on the channel.
- TDMA Multiple Time Division Multiple Access
- Radiofrequency transmission channels are known by the fact that they are both frequency selective and time varying. The temporal variation is consecutive to the mobility or the speed of the user (s). Their frequency selectivity results from the conditions of propagation of the radiofrequency signals by multipaths and from the destructive superimposition of the received signals, resulting from the propagations on these different paths. The frequency selectivity phenomenon causes an intersymbol interference phenomenon, detrimental to the quality of the transmission and of the detection of these symbols on their reception. The phenomenon of intersymbol interference and the complexity of the receivers are significantly increased with the transmission rate.
- these processes consist in applying an external code to an original digital stream
- Such a more elaborate process corresponds to the illustrative diagram as represented in FIG. 1b in which the demultiplexing on a given number of channels, after the interleaving process, makes it possible to implement the multiple transmission process, as shown in the above-mentioned figure.
- Such a process is essentially implemented for a Rayleigh channel, that is to say for a transmission channel with memory effect practically absent, that is to say in the absence of phenomenon of intersymbol interference.
- Such a process cannot therefore easily be implemented in a real environment in which the phenomenon of intersymbol interference is always present, in particular in the context of high or very high speed transmissions, the conditions of high or very high speed transmission. having the effect of greatly increasing the aforementioned intersymbol interference phenomenon, due to the aforementioned memory effect.
- the present invention relates to a method and a system for decoding a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence of intersymbol interference.
- the purpose of the decoding method and system within the meaning of the present invention, is to remedy the drawbacks and to overcome the shortcomings of the processes and techniques of the prior art.
- the decoding method and system, objects of the present invention are more particularly suited to the implementation of radio frequency interfaces to guarantee high spectral efficiency.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method and a system for decoding a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence of intersymbol interference, both simple in their implementation. and robust.
- Another object of the present invention is the implementation of a decoding method and system which are particularly suitable for defining and producing particularly robust radio frequency interfaces with very frequency-selective transmission channels, or so equivalent, making it possible to combat very effectively the phenomenon of intersymbol interference.
- Another object of the present invention is finally to provide a method and a system for decoding coded digital data with interleaving on bits in transmission and in reception more particularly adapted to the implementation of radio frequency interfaces making it possible to achieve very good performance in terms of bit and frame error rate with limited signal-to-noise ratio.
- This operating process makes it possible, upon reception, to decode all of the elementary digital streams transmitted, from a priori information on the coded bits
- the method and the system for decoding a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception on a transmission channel generating intersymbol interference consists in, respectively makes it possible to receive, on a plurality p of reception antennas, this stream of coded digital data with interleaving on bits in transmission and in multiple reception constituted by this set of elementary digital streams transmitted on this channel transmission, these reception antennas being in number p independent of the number v of transmission antennas and forming a network of reception antennas with spatial diversity to define a set of elementary streams of symbols of received modulation, subject this set of elementary streams of received modulation symbols to an iterative process of equalization of the transmission channel and of multilayer joint detection by means of an extrinsic information stream on the bits coded by this external code and interleaved, this extrinsic information flow constituting a priori information, to generate a first extrinsic information flow on
- FIG. 2 represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of the method for coding a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence of intersymbol interference, within the meaning of the present invention
- FIG. 3a represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of the decoding method, object of the present invention, of a stream of digital data coded in transmission and in multiple reception, in accordance with the coding method illustrated in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 3b represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of a detail of implementation of an iterative process of equalization and multilayer joint detection within the framework of the decoding method according to the invention as represented in FIG. 3b;
- FIG. 3c represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of a detail of implementation of a flexible input / output decoding process, from an external code, making it possible to obtain an extrinsic information flow on coded bits, resulting from decoding from this external code;
- FIG. 3b represents, by way of illustration, a flow diagram of the decoding method, object of the present invention, of a stream of digital data coded in transmission and in multiple reception, in accordance with the coding method illustrated in FIG. 2;
- FIG. 3b represents, by way of illustration,
- FIG. 4a represents, by way of illustration, a functional diagram of a coding system for a stream of coded digital data with bit interleaving in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence intersymbol interference, within the meaning of the present invention
- FIG. 4b represents, by way of illustration, a functional diagram of a decoding system, object of the present invention, of a stream of coded digital data with interleaving on bits in transmission and in multiple reception in the presence of intersymbol interference, according to the coding method illustrated in Figure 2 and by means of the coding system shown in Figure 3a
- FIG. 5a represents, by way of illustration, a diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to noise ratio during the implementation of a coding process of the prior art illustrated in FIG.
- FIG. 5b represents, by way of illustration, a diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to noise ratio during the implementation of the coding method, within the meaning of the present invention, as represented in FIG. 2, for a multiple transmission with three transmission antennas in phase modulation with two MDP 2 states, the decoding being carried out in accordance with the decoding method object of the present invention by equalization and iterative joint detection of BCJR type;
- FIG. 5b represents, by way of illustration, a diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to noise ratio during the implementation of the coding method, within the meaning of the present invention, as represented in FIG. 2, for a multiple transmission with three transmission antennas in phase modulation with two MDP 2 states, the decoding being carried out in accordance with the decoding method object of the present invention by equalization and iterative joint detection of BCJR type;
- FIG. 5b represents, by way of illustration, a diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to
- 5c represents, by way of illustration, a diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to noise ratio during the implementation of the coding method and of the decoding method object of the present invention, for a number of transmitting antennas equal to 4;
- 5d represents, by way of illustration, a comparative diagram of the value of the bit error rate as a function of the signal to noise ratio during the implementation of the coding method and of the decoding method object of the present invention, the equalization and multilayer joint detection process being a GPSP process consisting in keeping ⁇ survivors per node of the overall reduced trellis, the calculation of the weighted outputs consisting of a generalized SOVA type process, the comparative diagram being established for different values of the number ⁇ of survivors vis-à-vis an optimal BCJR process.
- the initial flow of digital data IDS is subjected, in a step A, to external coding by means of a performance code determined to generate a coded digital flow.
- the code used to perform the external coding is denoted C °. More specifically, it is indicated that the external code can advantageously be constituted by a trellis code or, equivalently, by a combination of trellis codes.
- the coded digital stream obtained following step A is denoted C ° DS in FIG. 2.
- the digital coded stream C ° DS is then subjected to a step B, after a subdivision into successive blocks for example, to a process of interleaving by blocks to generate a digital coded interlaced stream, denoted ILC ° DS, thus presenting, due to the fact , on the one hand, external coding in step A and interleaving, on the other hand, a time diversity.
- step B can be implemented by means of a random interleaver system denoted ⁇ .
- Step B is itself followed by a step C consisting in submitting the coded and interleaved digital stream ILC ° DS to a demultiplexing, the coded and interleaved digital stream ILC ° DS being, by this operation, subdivided into a given number v of elementary interleaved coded digital streams, all of these elementary interleaved coded digital streams being noted in the figure 2:
- each elementary interleaved digital stream in fact constitutes a layer of rank m, which, in addition to the quality of temporal diversity introduced due to the external coding and the interleaving, allows, as will be described later in the description, to introduce specific spatial coding.
- the interleaved coded digital stream layers are made up of frames, at the rate of one frame per layer of rank m.
- each layer of rank m is itself subdivided into N bursts ⁇ . "'! TM] of ⁇ bits
- u TM ju TM ⁇ , ..., u TM qm j, these ⁇ bits comprising the tail bits constituting learning bits, formed for example by sequences CAZAC, known as such.
- Each burst is subjected to a modulation by a Q m -aire modulator, which makes it possible to associate with any input symbol u TM a symbol
- step D there is on each modulation channel a symbol Q m -aire denoted EILCDSm, where m denotes the rank of the modulation channel.
- Step D is itself followed by a step E consisting in transmitting each symbol Q m -aire EILCDS m previously mentioned on a transmission channel by means of a separate transmitting antenna.
- the set of separate transmitting antennas forms a network with spatial diversity and consequently makes it possible to generate, from each symbol Q m -aire EILCDS m , a set of streams elementary transmitted digital having a spatial and temporal diversity, on the one hand, due to the external coding introduced taking into account the block interleaving, and the distribution of the emission on the set of the distinct transmitting antennas, on the other hand.
- this set of transmit antennas forms a network with spatial diversity, each separate transmit antenna constituting this network being distant from a separate transmit antenna close to a distance greater than ⁇ 0 , where ⁇ 0 designates the wavelength of the carrier wave making it possible to ensure the transmission by modulation of each of the symbols Q m -aire obtained at the end of step D.
- the coding method thus makes it possible, on reception, to decode the Q m -aire symbols constituting the set of elementary digital streams transmitted
- the aforementioned learning symbols allow, after transmission, to carry out a prior evaluation the impulse response of the transmission channel, the transmission channel consisting of a plurality of propagation paths between the transmitter and the receiver, each path constituting an elementary transmission channel.
- a frequency-selective and time-variable radio frequency channel can be modeled by the response. pulse in discrete time of the equivalent channel, including of course the emission and reception filters of shaping usually used, each corresponding elementary transmission channel being noted for this reason:
- ⁇ c denotes the constraint length in number of symbols transmitted, constraint length representative of the memory of the channel.
- All the elementary channels are considered to have the same constraint length ⁇ c . Such an assumption is permissible since the number of individual multipath components is essentially determined by the wide structures and the reflecting objects. If, in accordance with the method within the meaning of the present invention, the burst-by-burst transmission is taken into account, then the elementary transmission channels and the resulting transmission channel are static for the duration of a burst transmission and change in a manner independent from one salvo to another. Under these conditions, the value ⁇ can be considered, as a first approximation, as a measure of the coherence time of the aforementioned channel. These conditions make it possible to establish an acceptable modeling for quasi-static multi-path channels with slowly varying frequency fading and frequency hopping.
- each reception antenna of rank r observes, under these conditions, a set of transmitted symbols corresponding to the elementary digital stream transmitted ⁇ TEILCDS m ⁇ TM ⁇ ⁇ 'and verifying the relation (2):
- ⁇ represents a sample of complex noise with zero mean value and variance 2 ⁇ 2 .
- ⁇ j. is a complex symmetric Gaussian variable, that is to say a variable whose real part and imaginary part are decorrelated and of the same energy ⁇ 2 .
- the decoding method, object of the invention consists, in a step F, in receiving the data stream digital coded constituted by the set of elementary digital streams transmitted on a transmission channel, this set of elementary digital streams being noted being ⁇ TEILCDS m ⁇ TM ⁇ , this reception being carried out on a plurality p of reception antennas.
- the set of reception antennas is
- reception antennas in a number independent of the number of transmitting antennas, can be in number less than or equal to the number v of transmitting antennas and form, in accordance with an advantageous aspect of the decoding method, object of the present invention, a network of reception antennas with spatial diversity, for defining a set of elementary streams of received modulation symbols, this set of elementary streams of received modulation symbols being noted, at the end of step F of the FIG. 3a, (MSDS-./ ⁇ " ⁇ . It is understood in particular that each modulation symbol received is a symbol of the form y ⁇ verifying the relation (2) previously mentioned in the description.
- Step F is then followed by step G consisting in subjecting the set of elementary streams of modulation symbols received ⁇ MSDS r ⁇ f to an iterative process of equalization of the transmission channel and of multilayer joint detection by means of d an extrinsic information flow on the bits coded by the external code and interleaved, this extrinsic information flow being derived from a decoding from the external code.
- EIDS api.
- step G is followed by a step H consisting in subjecting the first extrinsic information flow EIDSi to a deinterlacing, denoted ⁇ "1 , to generate a second extrinsic information flow on the coded bits originating from the process d equalization and multi-layer joint detection, this second extrinsic information flow being denoted EIDS 2 in FIG. 3a.
- the deinterlacing operation is the reverse operation of the interleaving operation carried out during the implementation of the method coding, this deinterlacing process being noted, for this reason, ⁇ "1 in FIG. 3a.
- the second extrinsic information flow on the coded bits EIDS 2 is then subjected, in step I, to a decoding from the external code C ° to generate a third extrinsic information flow on the coded bits, denoted EIDS 3 , resulting from decoding from the external code C °. It is noted that, during this operation I, the decoding further provides an estimate of the value of the initial digital signal, noted for this reason -DS.
- the third extrinsic information flow is subjected to an interleaving operation in step J to generate the extrinsic information flow on the bits coded by the first external code and interleaved EIDS constituting 1 ' a priori information on the coded bits, denoted api.
- This a priori information is then reinjected in step K, symbolized by the feedback loop, in the iterative process of equalization of the transmission channel and of multilayer joint detection, that is to say in step G of Figure 3a.
- the decoding method, object of the present invention essentially consists in performing an equalization and a multilayer joint detection of the coded data, this equalization and this joint detection being iteratively associated with the external decoding by means of the code C ° to benefit from information a priori on the coded bits api resulting from the successive implementation of steps G, H, I and J. It is understood in particular that the flow of information extrinsic on the bits coded by the first external code and interleaved, the flow denoted EIDS in FIG.
- the information a priori reinjected into the process of equalization and joint detection of the SISO type is advantageously constituted by a logarithmic value of the a priori probability ratio of the value of the coded bits, this logarithmic value constituting the extrinsic information on the bits coded by the external code and interleaved.
- the process G of equalization and of multilayer joint detection consists in demultiplexing, in a step Gi, the flow of information extrinsic on the bits coded by the first external code and interleaved EIDS, constituting the information a priori api, in a set of information flows a priori on the bits of the coded and interleaved digital flow layers, this set of information flows a priori on the bits of the coded and interleaved digital flow layers being noted ⁇ APIUDS m ⁇ TM ⁇ ⁇ 'in Figure 3b.
- Step Gi is then followed by step G 2 consisting of performing equalization and joint detection with flexible input / output, that is to say of the type
- SISO applied to a trellis reduced in number of states.
- This trellis is defined as the trellis of the elementary memory channels constituting the transmission channel, themselves reduced in number of states, to generate a set of output streams weighted on the bits of interleaved coded digital stream layers.
- This stream of output weighted on the bits of interleaved coded digital stream layers is denoted ⁇ EUDSSO m ⁇ TM ⁇ .
- Step G 2 is followed by step G 3 consisting in extracting from each bit-weighted output stream layers of interleaved coded digital stream layers
- interleaved coded digital stream layers ⁇ APIDUS m ⁇ TM ⁇ ⁇ 'to generate an extrinsic information flow on the bits of the interleaved coded digital stream layers, denoted ⁇ EIEUSO m ⁇ TM " 1 ' .
- step G 2 When the equalization and joint detection process implemented in step G 2 is an SISO type equalization and detection process and the inputs and outputs constituted by the information a priori on the bits of the layers of interleaved coded digital stream
- the extrinsic information flows on the bits of the interleaved coded digital flow layers ⁇ EIEUSO m ⁇ TM ⁇ ⁇ 'are subjected to a multiplexing operation G 4 , to generate the first information flow extrinsic on the bits coded by the first external code and interleaved, that is to say the EIDSi stream.
- the step of decoding by means of the code external to step I of FIG. 3a can advantageously consist in submitting, in a step Ii, the second extrinsic information flow on the coded bits originating from the equalization and joint detection process, information flow extrinsic denoted EIDS 2 , to a SISO type weighted input / output decoding by means of the external code C ° to generate a weighted output stream, denoted APOSO, representative of a posteriori information on the coded bits.
- Step I x is followed by step I 2 consisting in extracting the second extrinsic information flow EIDS 2 from the second weighted output flow APOSO representative of the information a posteriori on the coded bits, to generate the third extrinsic information flow on the coded bits EIDS 3 .
- step I ⁇ in the form of a SISO decoding from the external code C °
- the extraction step in step I 2 is also a subtraction step due to the logarithmic character of the numerical values constituting the EIDS 2 and APOSO flows.
- this calculation is carried out on the basis of an estimate H of the coefficients of the transmission channel, this estimate being obtained at from the learning symbols received in the elementary streams of modulation symbols received TEILCDS m .
- step G 2 where the joint equalization and decoding process carried out in step G 2 is of the SISO type, the inputs and outputs of this decoding corresponding to sequences of logarithmic value of the ratio of extrinsic probabilities on each of the bits of each modulation symbol observed from the set of N sequences of symbols observed by the set of reception antennas, these sequences
- the calculation is carried out in the absence of any prior information, the estimated values of the coefficients of the elementary channels being simply calculated from the training sequences and the corresponding sequences obtained on the modulation symbols observed.
- the bit-weighted output stream sequences of the interleaved coded digital stream layers EUDSSO m obtained at the end of step G 2 are classified by frames, subjected to step G 3 of extraction and in particular of subtraction from the a priori information api obtained for each of the layers from the demultiplexing operation Gi.
- Extrinsic information flows on frame bits user obtained at the end of step G 3 and noted
- EIEUSO m ⁇ TM ⁇ 1 ' are then subjected to the multiplexing operation of step G 4 , to generate the first extrinsic bit information flow encoded by the first external code and interleaved EIDSi previously mentioned.
- the deinterlacing operation performed in step H of FIG. 3a on the first extrinsic information flow on the bits coded by the first external and interleaved code then makes it possible to generate the second extrinsic information flow on the coded bits from the EIDS 2 joint equalization and decoding process, which constitutes a new sequence of logarithmic values of intrinsic probability ratio on the coded bits, for the external decoding step I from the external code C °.
- step I of decoding from the external code C ° is then carried out, as shown in FIG. 3c, by the succession of steps Ii and I 2 by means of a SISO type decoding and in particular of an algorithm BCJR in the logarithmic domain, the decoding step Ii making it possible, under these conditions, to evaluate the sequence of logarithmic values of the extrinsic probability ratios on each of the bits of each of the symbols coded by means of the external code C °.
- This sequence is obtained following the extraction by subtraction in step I 2 of the second extrinsic information stream on the coded bits EIDS 2 , from the weighted output stream representative of the posterior information on the aforementioned APOSO coded bits.
- This a priori information api is then reinjected at the level of the SISO G 2 equalization and decoding process of FIG. 3b, by means of a demultiplexing Gi on all of the v channels or layers.
- the above-mentioned equalization and joint detection process G 2 then performs the equalization and the detection over n frames of v sequences of logarithmic value of the a priori probability ratio on the bits of the modulation symbols observed
- the coding system advantageously comprises a module 10 for external coding of an initial stream of digital IDS data from a determined yield code C °, to generate the coded digital stream C ° DS previously cited.
- the external coding module 10 is followed by a block interleaving module 11 making it possible, from the coded digital stream C ° DS, to generate an interlaced coded digital stream having, on the one hand, coding external previously introduced and interleaving performed, on the other hand, a specific time diversity.
- the interleaved coded digital stream is denoted ILC ° DS.
- This interleaver module 11 is itself followed by a demultiplexer module 12 receiving the interleaved digital stream ILC ° DS, the demultiplexer module 12 making it possible to generate a number v of elementary interleaved coded digital streams, these elementary interleaved coded digital streams being subdivided into frames, themselves subdivided into bursts, as described previously in the description.
- each elementary interleaved coded digital stream or each frame constituting a layer of rank m is denoted EILC ° DS m .
- the coding system further comprises, as shown in FIG. 3a, a plurality of modulating circuits Q m -aire, denoted 13 ⁇ to 13 v , each modulating circuit making it possible to associate any input symbol u TM with a complex symbol z TM according to a specific matching law.
- the set of transmit antennas forms a network with spatial diversity, each transmit antenna ta m being distant from a neighboring transmit antenna ta m -, with m ⁇ m ' , with a distance d> ⁇ 0 , as mentioned previously in the description, ⁇ 0 denoting the wavelength of the carrier wave ensuring the transmission of the aforementioned elementary digital streams.
- ⁇ TEILCDSm ⁇ TM " ⁇ ' which presents a spatial and temporal diversity, due, on the one hand, to the external coding introduced by the coding module 10 and the interleaving module 11 and, on the other hand, to the processing by layers of rank m of each frame and of the emission by each of the antennas constituting the above-mentioned antenna array.
- the decoding system object of the present invention comprises a plurality of reception antennas, denoted ⁇ ra r ⁇ r - i > 'these reception antennas making it possible to receive the set of digital streams elements transmitted by the transmission channel constituted by all of the elementary transmission channels, as described previously in the description.
- the aforementioned reception antennas may be less than or equal to the number v of transmission antennas and form an array of reception antennas 20 with spatial diversity, to define a set of elementary streams of received modulation symbols, denoted .
- the array 20 of spatial diversity reception antennas is followed by a module 21 for turbo-detection of the elementary streams of modulation symbols received above mentioned by equalization and iterative joint detection, as described previously in the description relating to the decoding method object of the present invention. As shown more specifically in FIG.
- EIDS api because of the fact that this flow in fact constitutes a priori information api on the coded bits.
- the transmission channel equalization and joint detection module 210 makes it possible, from the elementary streams of modulation symbols received MSDS r , to generate a first extrinsic information stream EIDSi on the bits coded by the external code and interleaved .
- the module 210 for equalization of the transmission channel and joint decoding is followed by a module 211 for deinterlacing, denoted ⁇ "1 , of the first extrinsic information flow EIDSi in order to generate a second extrinsic information flow on the EIDS 2 coded bits from the equalization and joint detection module 210.
- a decoding module 212 from the external code C ° is provided, which receives the second extrinsic information flow EIDS 2 delivered by the module of interleaving 211, in order to generate a third extrinsic information flow EIDS 3 on the coded bits, this third extrinsic information flow being produced by decoding from the external code C °.
- the decoding module 212 from the external code makes it possible to obtain an estimate, denoted ÎDS, of the initial digital stream IDS transmitted, in accordance with the coding method and thanks to the coding system previously described in the description.
- the decoding system, object of the present invention as shown in FIG. 4b, will now be described in more detail with reference to the same figure in the case where the a priori information on the coded bits consists of a logarithmic value of the extrinsic probability ratio of the above coded bits, this a priori information can in particular be obtained when the equalization and joint detection process is a SISO type process, that is to say with flexible input and output.
- the DEMUX demultiplexer module aims to demultiplex the extrinsic information flow EIDS on the bits coded by the external code and interleaved, constituting information a priori on the coded bits, on the same number v of demultiplexing channels as the number of layers of coded and interleaved digital streams generated on transmission.
- the equalization and joint detection module 210 further comprises a detection module 210 b with weighted input and output, SISO module, which receives as input, on the one hand, the flow of information a priori on the user frame bits
- the weighted input / output decoding module 210 b also receives the estimate of the coefficients of the transmission channel
- the calculation chain 22 can cascade comprise an interleaving module ⁇ and a non-linear decision module, followed by a module for calculating the coefficients of the channel.
- the decoding module 210b delivers a stream of outputs weighted on the bits of interleaved coded digital stream layers, denoted ⁇ EUDSSO m ⁇ TM ⁇ ⁇ '.
- the module 210 b is followed by a plurality of subtractor modules, denoted 210 c , each subtractor module making it possible to subtract from each bit-weighted output stream layers of interleaved coded digital stream layers ⁇ EUDSSO m ⁇ the information a priori on the bits of the interleaved coded digital stream layers ⁇ APIUDSm ⁇ to deliver an extrinsic information flow on the stream bits of the interleaved coded digital stream layers, denoted ⁇ EIEUSOm ⁇ TM ⁇ .
- a multiplexer module 210 d is then provided, this multiplexer module receiving the extrinsic information flows EIEUSO m on the bits of the interleaved coded digital stream layers and delivering the first extrinsic information stream on the coded bits EIDSi by the external code and interleaved with the deinterlacing module 211.
- the decoding module 212 from the external code C ° can comprise a detection module 212 a with weighted inputs / outputs, receiving the second extrinsic information flow on the coded bits EIDS 2 above from the equalization and joint detection process implemented by the module 210, decoding module input / weighted outputs 210 delivering a stream of weighted outputs representative of an a priori information on the APOSO coded bits.
- the module 212 a is associated with a subtractor module 212 b making it possible to subtract the stream of weighted outputs representative of a priori information on the coded bits APOSO, the second extrinsic information stream EIDS 2 for delivering the third information stream extrinsic on the EIDS 3 coded bits resulting from decoding from the external code C °.
- the aforementioned joint equalization / detection process can be considered as a discrete Markov model with finite number of states.
- the channel equivalent to intersymbol interference can be understood as a non-recursive non-recursive convolutional code of memory, expressed in symbol time, ⁇ c -l, whose unique complex generator polynomial is likely to vary over time.
- the latter for the sake of simplification of denomination, is designated by intersymbol interference code.
- Each layer m constituted by an antenna is thus associated with a specific intersymbol interference code.
- the intersymbol interference code associated with the layer of rank m is thus a Markov model with finite number of states invariable in time and which admits a lattice representation T m (V m , B m ) where V ra and B m denote the space of states or vertices and the space of branches respectively.
- the trellis T m is defined at each sampling instant n by the states or vertices according to the relation (3) or (4):
- TM - t denotes the symbols constituted by the arrangements of successive bits and by the branches b m .
- IVm Qm * C , Vne [ ⁇ , ⁇ ] and Bm Qi-T-Viie M (5)
- the preceding considerations can be generalized to the entire multilayer structure.
- the states and input sequences of the resulting Markov model simply correspond to the concatenation of states or input sequences of the elementary Markov models modeling the intersymbol interference code associated with each layer.
- the associated combined trellis T is the product
- the equalization and joint multi-layer detection process with weighted inputs and outputs can be implemented according to a generalized survivor processing concept, which will be explained below.
- PSP processing requires that the elementary channels of each transmit antenna to all of the receive antennas be minimum phase channels.
- GVA algorithm A generalized Viterbi algorithm, GVA algorithm, has been proposed, in which the basic concept consists in compensating the degradation of PSP processing performance by the retention of a number ⁇ of surviving paths greater than unity per substate.
- the corresponding treatment is called generalized survivor treatment or GPSP treatment.
- SOVE type algorithm respectively SOVA type with reference to the corresponding SOVE algorithms, respectively SOVA algorithms.
- SOVE type algorithm we suppose that with each section ne [l, ⁇ ], with each starting substate eV n _ j are associated:
- the weighted decision step of updating the algorithm is then executed.
- the update function f (.) Can advantageously verify the relation (20):
- the algorithm delivers signed weighted values of information on the bits of the symbol u n - ⁇ - These signed weighted values:
- the sbest substate is defined according to relation (23):
- FIGS. 5a to 5d represent diagrams of simulation of the value of the bit error rate at decoding, BER, as a function of the signal to noise ratio Eb / ⁇ o expressed in dB and of the successive iterations in different situations.
- the test channel was constituted by a standard channel of type EQ 3 , that is to say a channel constituted by three echoes separated from the symbol time, each echo following a Rayleigh distribution.
- the external code C ° was a convolutional efficiency code 1/2 to 16 states and the interleaving process was 128 x 8 bits in size.
- FIG. 5a represents such a simulation in the case of the implementation of a process of the prior art according to FIG. La.
- the trellis of the equalization process in this case corresponded to a 64-state trellis.
- bit error rate BER reaches the value 1.00 x 10 "4 for a signal to noise ratio of value 9 dB at the third iteration # 3.
- a value of the bit error rate of the same order of magnitude BER 1.00 x 10 "4 while the signal to noise ratio is only 7 dB from the second iteration # 2.
- the decoding system uses a sub-optimal algorithm to perform the operations of multilayer detection and decoding of intersymbol interference, advantageously reducing the complexity of the processing carried out.
- it implements an iterative estimation of the coefficients of the impulse response of the transmission channels.
- the coding and decoding method which is the subject of the present invention gives particularly advantageous results in terms of gaining bit error rate for wide ranges of signal-to-noise ratio values. It can also be optimized according to the number of layers and the number of surviving paths retained.
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Abstract
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EP02732814A EP1378089B1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Décodage et égalisation turbo conjointe pour transmission MIMO avec interférence intersymboles |
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FR01/05037 | 2001-04-12 | ||
FR0105037A FR2823620B1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Procede de codage/decodage d'un flux de donnees numeriques codees avec entrelacement sur bits en emission et en reception multiple en presence d'interference intersymboles et systeme correspondant |
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PCT/FR2002/001276 WO2002084931A1 (fr) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Procede de codage/decodage d'un flux de donnees numeriques codees abec entrelacement sur bits en emission et un reception multiple en presence d'interference intersymboles et systeme correspondant |
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US (1) | US7127009B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1378089B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1310458C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2823620B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002084931A1 (fr) |
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US7002900B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2006-02-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system |
US7986742B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2011-07-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication system |
US8169944B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-05-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Random access for wireless multiple-access communication systems |
US8218609B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-07-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Closed-loop rate control for a multi-channel communication system |
US9473269B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2016-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
GB2415336B (en) * | 2004-06-18 | 2006-11-08 | Toshiba Res Europ Ltd | Bit interleaver for a mimo system |
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JP2008541539A (ja) * | 2005-05-04 | 2008-11-20 | エヌエックスピー ビー ヴィ | Mimo送信用のデータストリームの個別インターリービング |
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US8358714B2 (en) * | 2005-06-16 | 2013-01-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Coding and modulation for multiple data streams in a communication system |
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KR100889302B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-14 | 2009-03-18 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 다중 안테나 시스템에서 부분 반복 검출 및 복호 수신 장치및 방법 |
KR100923915B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-16 | 2009-10-28 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 다중 안테나 시스템에서 반복 검출 및 복호 수신 장치 및방법 |
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- 2002-04-11 WO PCT/FR2002/001276 patent/WO2002084931A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
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CN1507714A (zh) | 2004-06-23 |
EP1378089A1 (fr) | 2004-01-07 |
EP1378089B1 (fr) | 2012-06-13 |
US20020186800A1 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
US7127009B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
FR2823620B1 (fr) | 2003-08-15 |
FR2823620A1 (fr) | 2002-10-18 |
CN1310458C (zh) | 2007-04-11 |
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