US546872A - Governor - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) v 4./Sheets-Sheet 1,

G. J. ALTHAM.

GOVERNOR.

No. 546,872. Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

(No Model.) I 4 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. J. ALTI-IAM.

GOVERNOR. No. 546,872. t Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

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(No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 4 G. J. ALTHAM.

GOVERNOR.

No. 546,872. Patented Sept. 24, 1895,

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GEORGE J. ALTHAM, OF SVANSEA, MASSACHUSETTS.

GOVERNOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 546,872, dated September 24, 1895. Application filed December 17, 1894:. Serial No. 532,022. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern) Be it known that I, GEORGE J. AL'rHAM,'of Swansea, in the county of Bristol and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors, of which the following is a specication.

This invention relates to governors for regulating the speed of motors, and particularly that class of motors in which a turbine wheel is driven by fluid which enters a plurality of ports, a valve or valves being arranged to move over said ports, so thatany number of them can be opened.y

The presentinvention employs liuid under pressure as a speed-governing agent, and the invention aims to provide a quickly-acting governor, which keeps the motor at a practically uniform speed.

The accompanying drawings illustrate an embodiment of the invention.

Figure l shows the motor and governor in top plan. Fig. 2 shows a sectionalized side Fig. 3 shows a crosssection taken substantially on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. et shows a sectionalized end elevation. Fig. 5 shows a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 shows a section on line 6 6 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 shows a sectional detail of certain valve mechanism. Fig. 8 shows a sectionalized side elevation, on an enlarged scale, of parts appearing at the right-hand side of Fig. 2. Fig. 9 shows a section of line 9 9 of Fig. S. Fig. 10 shows a detail ot' a certain fan.

The letter a designates the supportingbase of the machine, and a standards thereon, formed to contain roller-bearings a2, which support a shaft b, carrying a pulley b. The shaft h is the main shaft of the motor, and on :it is affixed a turbine wheel h2, which is recessed in one side to receive an annulus c, having passages c registering with those in the wheel. The said annulus is fixed, and within it is arranged an oscillatory valve composed of curved feet d, conforming to the interior surface of the annulus, and a connecting-yoke d', fastened to a stem d2.

The turbine wheel and the annulus are inclosed in a casing e,the annulus being fastened to one side of said casing, and a steamchest e is arranged on one side of said casing and communicates with the space inclosed by the annulus. The valve-stem cl2 is journaled in a bearing d3, fastened to the steam-chest, and said stem protrudes from the latter and has affixed to it a segment d4. meshes into this segment, said rack being formed on the rear side of a head d6, which is fastened on the upper end of a rod d?, carrying at its lower end a piston d8 in a cylinder dg, erected on the base a. The said cylinder has ports fand f at opposite ends, (see Fig. 8,) and these ports register with ports f2 and f3 in a steam-chest g, arranged at the side of the cylinder. In the back of the steam-chest there are formed exhaust-ports g and g2 and a steam-inlet port g3. The chest has a circular bore, which receives a tube h, having ports h h2 h3 h4 h5 to communicate, respectively, with portsf2, f3, g', g2, and g3. Said tube constitutes a seat for a piston-valve t', of double form, which valve controls inlet of steam to the cylinder. Under the adjustment shown in Fig. 8 it will be seen that thevalve closes communication between the steam-supply port g3 and the cylinder on the upper side of the piston and opens communication between said port and the cylinder on the lower side of the piston. The ports ff3 h2 h4 now supply a passage for the exhaust-steam. By an upward movement of the valve the order is reversed.

The tube h is movable and connects at its upper end through a link h5 with one arm h6 of a bell-crank lever, which is pivoted to a lug on the steam-chest e', and whose other arm hl' carries a roller-equipped pin hs, occupying an oblique slot h, formed in the front side of the head d6. Thus when the piston moves the tube h is moved for a purpose hereinafter explained.

The piston-valve t' is on a rod t', which is jointed to a lever t2, pivoted at one end to the casing e and connected at the other end through a link t3 with the stem j of an inverted air-receiver j. The latter is of cylindrical form, and its pendent portion occupies an annular liquid-containing space formed between an inclosing casing L7'2 and an upstanding shell ,7'3 within the same. A rodj4 extends downward within the receiver j as a continuation of the stem j, and weights]5 are placed on said rod.

A passage-way 7c, bored in the base, commu- A rack d5 ICO nicates with the space inclosed by the shell jg, anda conduit k extends between said passage-way and a casing 7a2, supported by one ofthe standards ct. lVithin said casing there is a fan m, which is affixed to the main shaft b and which draws air through orifices m in the casing and discharges it into the conduit 7a.

The operation is as follows, considering that the passages c are all open, as shown in Fig. 3: The revolution of the shaft l) causes the fan m to drive air into the receiver j', and when the speed becomes excessive the receiver will be raised, this being governed by the amount of weight carried by said receiver. The elevation ofthe receiverproduces motion in the lever i2, which in turn moves the valve t' in the tube 7L, and when the upper piston of said valve crosses the port h2 steam is admitted through that port to the upperside of the piston d3 and the latter is depressed, the steam on its under side exhausting through the ports 7L', h, and g. rlhe downward movement of the piston produces motion of the valve-stem (Z2 through the rack d5 and segment d4, and the turning of said stem carries the feet d over the passages c', whereby the inflow of the motive fluid is restricted and the speed ofthe motor correspondingly decreased. The downward movement ofthe piston also moves the tubular valve-seat h upward by reason of the coaction of the slot hi with the bell-crank lever hhl. Thus, after the valve has shifted, the valve-seat follows it and keeps the ports of the valve-seat in proximity to the valve, so that a very slight movement of the latter at any time willreverse the steam action in the cylinder di.

It will be seen that the invention provides a quickly-acting governor, which will hold the motor at a practically-uniform speed.

lVhatl claim as my invention is as follows:

l. The combination with a fluid motor and its controlling valve, of a governing apparatus comprising a steam cylinder and piston,

` suitable connections between said piston and the said motor-valve, a valve controlling admission of steam to said cylinder, a movable valve-seat interposed between said steamvalve and the ported side of the cylinder and itself suitably ported, connections between the piston and the valve-seat whereby the latter is moved by the piston, a movable air-receiver suitably jacketed, connections between said receiver and the steam-valve, and airforcing means driven by the motor and in communication with the air-receiver.

2. The combination with a fluid motor having an oscillatory controlling valve with a segment on its stein, of a governing apparatus comprising asteam cylinder', a piston therein whose rod carries a head with a rack on one side in mesh with the segment on the stem of the oscillatory valve, and with an oblique slot in the other side, a valve controlling inlet of steam to the said cylinder, a movable valveseat interposed betweensaid valve and the ported side of the cylinder', a lever engaged at one end with the oblique slot in the head of the piston-rod, and connected at the other end with the said movable valveseat,a movable air-receiver, suitable connections between the same and the steam-valve, and airforcing means driven by the motor and communicating with the said air-receiver.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 15th day of December, A. D. 180i.

GEORGE J. AL'IIIAM. lVitnesses:

C. F. BROWN, A. D. IAnmsoN.

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