US2250419A - Fluid pump - Google Patents

Description

July 22, 1941; F. H. JOHNSTON ETAL 2,250,419

FLUID PUMP i 'iled Aug. 25, 1959 2 Shets-Sheet 1 July 22, 1941.

F. H. JOHNSTON ET AL 2,250,419

FLUID PUMP Filed Aug. 25,- 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN N OR I 'MM TTO E Patented July 22, 1941 FLUID PUMP Frank H. Johnston and Arthur E. Du Bois, Day- ..ton, Ohio, assignors fl mnany D l n, 0111 to Premier Engineering 0, e ew i eefef O Rpiplicatiofr August 25, 1939, SerialNo. 291,860

12 Claims.

..-. A h n-p iect. iib nv niiql is term-lime avertic l fl idrmnei th recipmqete y. P u ty et t is, am -a t ut n v e sriea simple,

lefficient penda le and easi du e A othe je t of his..inv nt'9 1 Prdvide a tu la u o t; o hqusme. th t qrp rei v cuum cham r. eal c m re sion ch mbe y in e andap s hea eu de nq iioa s o eter v re- Another object of this inventfqn i to provide. 1

a shall w w l pw nh ine a. p r Q e in rr n edin. andemhene f whi h-i ay be. r sferredwtovas the intake cylinderand the other ,theexpulsion cylinder, the cylinders being vercross head has had a tendency to mix with the water, which, of course, is objectionable for obvious reasons. That being" the case," 5ractica11 all. if not all, of the shauowweu"waterpumps now appearing on themarket utilizing a'reciprocatory piston arrangement are'of the'lfior i 'zontal type, so" as to permit proprlubrication of the power actuating device without anydariger ofthe an 'or greases contami ating" thewaterg" In the present enactm ntdrummer-housing provided with a longitudinal bore has beer'ifused, which housing incorporates seats fo'r'the cylinders and supports for the eccenmc diii'rifig the cross head. This cross had'is 'mpufit 'duor reciprocatory movement inguias integral with the tubular mernh'erT'Ih addition'tofthe supporting structure for the cylinders arid't'lie driving'rnechanis rifthis tubularjfme er is'prdv'ided with laterally disposedcli'ai'rirlers one of which as a compression cha'mfier fch'ahllii's are aligned and positioned immediat'ely c" i'utsideifjof the guidesfor the cross head, so thatthe cha'm- ,tically dispo ed and l a d el ut e. .QIIQSS he Another. objector-this i ve t on i le Wat cool the cross h a uid p rtiensa. Y, /-,-Anotherobject qf this invention is to provide duorfunctional co ling andfluid storage compartrodfbut' of a larger dialniet lementspartiallyfilled at cy li n -erv s-..,. a:

-Anothe11object .01? this inventionis to provide a llnitaryicasting; forsupporting the cylinders of the pmnp,.and. ,incorporating water storage ;-,.compartments therein, partially filled cyclically.

Other objects and advanta es reside in the con-r structionv ,of parts, the. combination thereof and ..the mode ofpperation, as;wil l become more apparent from ,the following description,

1:, vllaeferring ;to the; drawings,

Figure 1 is a side .elevational Figure 2 is another side elevational view, looking in theqdirection of the.arrow 2 inFigurel. n. Figurei3 is a transverse cross sectional view, takensubstantially ontheline 3 ,3-of, Figure. 4. Figure 4 is a cross sectional view taken. sub-i stantiallyon theline.44 of Figure 2.- e

thepast it has been found impractical to use fluid pumps of the reciprocatory piston type, especially-for use as shallow well water pumps utilizing vertically disposed cylinders arranged i tan em wh r n. the power dri n ean r the cross head; is located immediately above ',,the cylinders. Elle oil used in v lubricatin the view of the pump.

1 will'drip on at cyclicintervalsfaridas water cqdliilg pas ag for the guide portions. "The 'gu id'e' hers havea 'dualfun'ctionjfthait s iey mfi ubn as water storage compartments'partially filled concentrically disposed with respect to he piston ied fill?" Dei e so that in thhvht any oi v over, this oil wilf driphr 'flqw into the e located directly belowthe'cross head' ad,

outside"of 'thelcylinder,

ber ID. The cross head 28 is provided with a pair of channels 32 subtended on the inside by diametrically disposed ribs 34. The channel portions 32 terminate in apertures opening into the interior of the cross head. Suitable oil absorbing wicks 36 are positioned in the channels 32, the ends projecting into the bottom of the cup of the cross head 28. The bottom of the cross head is filled with oil. This oil is supplied to the guide portions 30 by capillary attraction through the wicks 36.

The clearance between the cross head 28 and the guide portions 38 is extremely small, so that the quantity of oil utilized by these parts is practically negligible. It is very desirable that the oil Within the cross head 28 last over a long period of time for oiling both the cross head 28, sliding upon the guide portions 38, and the connection between the connecting rod 24 and the wrist pin 26.

In spite of thorough lubrication, friction will generate heat. That being the case, if the heat in the moving parts is not dissipated or carried away, the parts will expand, thereby changing the clearance so as to attract excessive quantities of oil. Therefore, the guide portions 38 are cooled by water advancing into the vacuum chamber 48 and the compression chamber 42 located on the outside of the walls bounding the guide portions 38, These chambers are partially filled with water at cyclic intervals, as will ap-. pear more fully from the description of the op eration of the pump.

The cross head 28 is connected through a suitable piston rod 50 to a piston or plunger 52 mounted for reciprocatory movement in a cylinder 54, which cylinder is fixedly mounted in tubular housing member [8. preferably made of brass and press fitted into the supporting structure of the frame I'll with ,the upper edge of the cylinder projecting a slight distance above the supporting structure.

A piston interconnecting rod 56, extending from the piston or plunger 52, is connected to a piston or plunger 60 in a cylinder 62 mounted near the bottom of the tubular frame member Id. The piston or plunger 68 i provided with a plurality of water passages which are closed during a portion of the cycle by a cushion valve 64 biased into the down position by a spring 66 held in position by a suitable nut 68 threadedly engaging the piston rod 56. The cushion valve 64 has been fully shown and described in the copending application Serial No. 251,920 filed January 20, 1939 for Valve. A check valve of the same type as the one described above is mounted upon a valve seat 12 in member 14 providing a passage between the cylinder 68 and the intake conduit 16. Water is supplied to the pump through an intake pipe 18 and discharged from the pump through an outlet pipe 88. The chambers 48 and 42 are provided with suitable vent plugs 82 and 84.

The inside diameter of the cylinder 54 is selected so that the cross sectional area of the bore in the cylinder 54 is approximately one-half the cross sectional area of the bore in cylinder 62.

A diaphragm 86 extends across the central bore of the housing member ID below the extreme lowest position of the cross head 28 and above the cylinder 54. This diaphragm 86 is provided with a suitable aperture or passage for the piston rod 50. The aperture in the diaphragm 86 is surrounded by a lip or wiper portion 86a, so that in the event oil drips from the guide portions 38,

The cylinder 54 is these drippings are caught by the diaphragm 86 and conveyed to the exterior of the pump through vents 9|], one on either side of the frame member I0. Thus, any oil that may accidentally drip from the guide portions is drained to the exterior of the pump, without entering the cylinders and the water passages. The vents 9c, in addition to providing an escape passage for the oil, ventilate the interior of the tubular frame member between the cross head 28 and the diaphragm 85. Vents 92 are also provided in the side of the tubular frame member I 0 below the diaphragm 86 and the top of the portion supporting the cylinder 54, so as to provide a ventilation and prevent the formation of vacuum or a compression chamber between the piston 52 and the diaphragm 86.

Suitable covers 94 provided with louvers are used to cover the vents 90 and 92, there being one cover for the vents located on one side of the tubular frame and housing member I 8 and another cover diametrically disposed for covering the vents on the opposite side.

Mode of Operation Although reciprocaltory plungers or pistons have been used, the pump supplies a continuous flow of water, or substantially so. The intake pipe 78 is connected to a suitable source of water. As soon as the motor circuit is closed, which may be closed manually or automatically, the motor through the belt I6 drives the pulley l8, rotating the shaft 20 and with it the eccentric cam 22. This rotary movement is translated into reciprocatory movement by the connecting rod 24 actuating the cross head 28 propelling the piston rod 58 and with it the piston interconnecting rod 56, which causes the plungers 52 and 68 to reciprocate in their respective cylinders.

As the pistons or plungers move down in unison, the valve 64 is opened and the valve '10 is closed. Upon the reversal of the movement of the pistons when reaching the lower end of the stroke, the valve 64 is closed and the valve 18 sucked open, creating a partial vacuum in the conduit 16, in the vacuum chamber 46 and in the intake pipe 18. When the pistons again reverse the movement, the cycle is repeated. Eventually, sufiicient vacuum is created to draw the water into the intake pipe 18, where it is drawn intermittently into a rather large chamber 96, between "the pistons 52 and 88. During the up 7 stroke, the pistons 60 lift the water into the chamber 96, part of it escaping through the outlet 80, part of the water following the piston 52, so as to fill-the open end of the cylinder 54 and part being raised into the air compression chamber 42. The opening to the outlet pipe 88 is preferably such that approximately half of the water lifted during half of the cycle flows through the outlet, the remainder of the water that is lifted being raised into the cylinder 54 and the air compression chamber 42. When the piston 60 has reached the upper end of its stroke and reverses, the valve 18 closes, so as to entrap the water located between the valve 10 and the piston 60, thereby forcing the valve 64 into open position, so that the Water in the chamber 96 cannot drop or be lowered with the piston 68; but instead, the piston 52, advancing downwardly in unison with the piston 68 expels the water in the cylinders 54 through the outlet 80. Thus, in spite of a tendency to a pulsating fiow of water normally found in shallow well -pumps of the recipmarket, itv used in this pump, practically ,useless structure, due l..pounding,,or; hammering noises; icessful operation ,of this pump is ,cl sely as- .sociatedwith the inventive idea disclosed inthe copending application, fierial No.1 l,920.

thereof biased and the top of It is merely necessary to :thefriin has been removed, at which time the two Y may be accomplished ofthe .pump.

1 shallow well water pump or "may be used for other. fluids.

.rocatorytyh th flQ p lWc Qr r m h rum is substantially ,uniiorm.

J.This pump, Whichsupplies asubstantially continuousfiow of Water, utilizes only twocheck valves. In themajority of pumps now appear- .,ing on the market ,used in connection with shallow wells, a double acting piston is used, requiring. four valves.

Due. to the importance .of avoiding leakage of waterfrom. the cylinder,,,54, having the plunger 52 mounted. therein,

a, spec ial type of plunger hasbeen used which includes the following'structure. The plunger assemblyi52 includes a backinglmember 52a supporting one side of thepump leatherl 521). .In order to force the lip of the leather. 52b against the walls of the cylinder 54, a rubber ring .520 mountedupon the grooved collar 52d exerts an outward pressure lips of the leather, so as to provide water-tightness. A secondv leather 52c, having the lip outwardly by a rubber ring, 52 supportedupon a. grooved collar 52g, is also used.

By this arrangement a double leather plunger has been produced, which plunger is provided with the resilient cushioning'members biasing the leathers outwardly against the wall of the cylinder. This arrangement is found very desirable in a pump of. this type where the pump is used in dwellings and the like where any leakageifromthe' pump is very undesirable.

H In order to facilitate replacement and repairs to the pump, as well as assemblyduring manufacture, the piston rod is removably attached to the cross head 28. bodimentshown, 50 projects into an aperture in the boss 23a integral with the cross'hea'd. 28. 50 is held in position by a In the particular em- .the upper end of the piston rod The piston rod ingthrough suitable apertures in the boss 28a the piston rod5fl, The pin is aligned with the vents 90, so that the pin may be removed by merely, removing the covers from the vents 90. placedthrough .Aiter repair, the pin may be rethe vents 90. By this arrangement it is possible to replace leathers, change valves .and the like, without removing the crank shaft, the connecting rod and the cross head. remove member M after pistons may be removed from the bottom of the frame member Ill.

In the event it should be found desirable to tighten or change the tension of the belt ldthis by adjusting the bolt 100,

as clearly shown in Figure 1. Any other suitable bolt adjusting mechanism may be used. The one "shown herein has merely been shown for the purpose of illustration of a workable embodiment has been described as a water lift, this pump other purposes and for pumping Although the device upon the I, I

transverse pin 98 pass- 'kewise;,.the parts and structural b rbe i .brq i e w h,

details have been merely shown for thepurpose fl cf illustration :and' are notfintendedjas,limita- I- L w."- Ql Al w '1 ,.;ji s.

' i Althoug h the prefer vice [has been "d' edQjli't' wnr'rse under-Steed that 'with'i'n f the fin ew of this inv'en mu various changes maybejmade in the, rcrmiuetans, pro- 1 portion and arrangement of parts, the combination thereof andinode of operation, which: generally stated 'consi't ma device" capable of carryred modi fication of theldeing out the objects set forth, as disclosed and defined in the appended claims".

' rieving thus described our invention, We claim:

ll 'I'n a power driven shallow well waterpump having a cross head, atubular member provided with a longitudinal bore of varying dimensions iorming a pairbf aligned cylindrical portions and crossheadguideportions, said cross head guide portions being arranged in'spaced relation irom the cylindricaliportionsfsaid tubular member, having a pair of duo functional chambers contiguous-to the guide 'portions, one of which f rms an airchamber and the other a vacuum chamber, each partially ,filled'with water'at cyclic intervals so as to cool said cross head guide portions, said tubular'member being provided with air circulating vents between the cross head guideportions and the adjacent cylindrical portions.

I 2. In a shallow well water pump, the combination including a power driven cross head, a tubular frame member provided with a longitudinal bore of varying' dimensions forming a pair of cylindrical-portions and a cross head guide portion, "aid tubular member having a vacuum chamber contiguous to the cross head guide portion, said vacuum chamber being partially filled with water at cyclic intervals, said tubular meman air circulating vent intermediate said cross head guide 'portion and the adia'cent cylindrical portion, pistons mounted inlthe cylindrical portions for reciprocatory i movemenuanda plston r'od for interconnecting the cross head tothe pistons, said tubular member having a diaphragm disposed intermediate the guide portionand the 3 adjacent cylindrical portion, said diaphragm being provided with a passage; through which the: piston rod extends.

3. In a power driven fluidpump, a cylindrical member provided with a longitudinal bore of varying dimensionsforrning a pair of cylindrical portions and cross head guide portions, said por- ,tions being arranged in tandem, said cylindrical member having a pair of duo-functional chambers contiguous to the guide portions forming an air chamber and a vacuum chamber partially filled 'with fluid at cyclie intervals so as to control the flow of fluid motivated bythe pump and V nal bore varying in diameter,

to maintain the cross h ead'guide portions at a s bst nt a unif r temper ture I 4. In a power driven water pump the comb-ination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudisiad bore including a cylindrical portion, a piston in said cylindrical portion, a pair of cross head guide portions arranged in spaced relation from the cylindrical portion, said cylindrical frame member including a vacuum chamber ior cooling one of the guide portions, said vacuum chamber-having an openingin association with the intake of v the pump, a compression chamber in association with the 7 other guide portion, said compression chamber opening intothe outlet pr the; pump, an .aper- :t r d.dia hra nex hqine aq i sihe b e,

said cylindrical frame member between the guide portions and the cylindrical portion, a connecting rod passing through the aperture in said diaphragm, a cross head guided for reciprocatory movement by said guide portions, and a piston rod extending through the aperture in the diaphragm for connecting the cross head to said piston so as to cause the piston and the cross head to reciprocate in unison.

5. In a power driven water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons, one in each of said cylindrical portions a cup-shaped cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions arranged in spaced relation from the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, said cylindrical frame member including a pair of duoiunctional water chambers one for each of the guide portions for cooling the same, an apertured diaphragm extending across the bore of the cylindrical frame member between the guide portions and the adjacent cylindrical portion, a connecting rod passing through the aperture in said diaphragm, and means for oiling the cross head, said means including a fibrous member for supplying oil by capillary attraction from the cavity in said cup-shaped cross head to the guide portions.

6. In a power driven shallow Well type water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having slots in the wall thereof, said cross head being provided with an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, the distance between the guide portions being greater than the diameter of the adjacent cylindrical portion, said cylindrical frame member including a pair of duo-functional water chambers one for each of the guide portions for cooling the same, means for interconnecting the cross head and the pistons, and means for oiling said cross head guide portions, said means including fibrous members for supplying oil by capillary attraction from the cavity in the cup-shaped cross head through the slots in the wall thereof to the guide portions,

'7. In a power driven shallow well type water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having slots in the wall thereof, said cross head being provided with an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, the distance between the guide portions being greater than the diameter of the adjacent cylindrical portion, said cylindrical frame member including a pair of duo-functional water chambers one for each of the guide portions for cooling the same, means for interconnecting the cross head and the pistons, means for oiling said cross head guide portions, said means including fibrous members for supplying oil by capillary attraction from the cavity in the cup-shaped cross head through the slots in the wall thereof to the guide portions, and means disposed intermediate the guide portions and the adjacent cylindrical portion for eating oil dripping from the guide portions.

8. In a power driven water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having an apertured side wall, said cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, a crank shaft, a crank arm for interconnecting the crank shaft to the cross head, the crank arm being pivotally attached to the cross head near the bottom of the cavity below said apertures in the wall of the cross head, said cylindrical frame member including a pair of duo-functional water chambers one for each of said guide portions for cooling the same, means for oiling said guide portions by capillary attraction from oil in the cavity in said cup-shaped cross head through the apertures in the wall thereof to the guide portions, and means for preventing the oil dripping from the cross head from entering the adjacent cylindrical portion, said means draining the dripping oil to the exterior of the pump.

9. In a power driven water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having apertured side walls, said cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, a crank shaft, a crank arm for interconnecting the crank shaft to the cross head, the crank arm being pivotally attached to the cross head near the bottom of the cavity below said apertures in the wall of the cross head, said cylindrical frame member including a pair of duo-functional water chambers one for each of said guide portions for cooling the same, means for oiling said guide portions by capillary attraction from oil in the cavity in said cup-shaped cross head through the apertures in the wall thereof to the guide portions, and an apertured diaphragm extending across the bore below the guide portions and above the upper cylindrical portion, said diaphragm having an upwardly directed rib surrounding the aperture therein, said diaphragm being associated with a drainage duct for draining the oil dripping upon said diaphragm from said guide portions to the exterior of the pump.

10. In a power driven shallow well type water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions arranged in spaced relation from the cylindrical portion for guiding the cross head, an apertured diaphragm extending across the bore of the cylindrical frame member between the guide portions and the adjacent cylindrical portion, duo-functional water chambers, one for each of the guide portions, for cooling the guide portions, each of said chambers being connected to said bore by a water passage, a connecting rod passing through the aperture in said diaphragm, and means for oiling the cross head, said means including a fibrous member for supplying oil from the cavity in said cup-shaped cross head to the guide portions by capillary attraction.

11. In a power driven shallow well type water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having slots in the wall thereof, said cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, the distance between the guide portions being greater than the diameter of the adjacent cylindrical portion, duofunctional water chambers, one for each of the guide portions, for cooling the guide portions, each of said chambers being connected to said bore by a water passage, means for interconnecting the cross head and the pistons, and means for oiling said cross head guide portions, said means including fibrous members for supplying oil from the cavity in the cup-shaped cross head through the slots in the wall thereof to the guide portions by capillary attraction.

12. In a power driven shallow well type water pump the combination including a vertically disposed cast cylindrical frame member provided with a longitudinal bore varying in diameter, said bore including a pair of cylindrical portions arranged in tandem, a pair of pistons one in each of said cylindrical portions, a cup-shaped cross head having slots in the wall thereof, said cross head having an oil cavity, a pair of guide portions located above the cylindrical portions for guiding the cross head, the distance between the guide portions being greater than the diameter of the adjacent cylindrical portion, duofunctional water chambers, one for each of the guide portions, for cooling the guide portions, each of said chambers being connected to said bore by a water passage, means for interconnecting the cross head and the pistons, means for oiling said cross head guide portions, said means including fibrous members for supplying oil from the cavity in the cup-shaped cross head through the slots in the wall thereof to the guide portions by capillary attraction, and means disposed intermediate the guide portions and the adjacent cylindrical portion for catching oil dripping from the guide portions.

FRANK H. JOHNSTON. ARTHUR E. DU BOIS.

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