US1900422A - Entrance control - Google Patents

Description

March 7, 1933. D. J. WALLACE ENTRANCE CONTROL Filed Nov. 15, 1928 '5 Sheets-Sheet 1 jzwelzfar. flafialdf Mad/are:

D. J. WALLACE ENTRANCE CONTROL March 7, 1933.

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Nov. 13, 1928 0 a m w r M March 7, 1933. A WALLACE 1,900,422

ENTRANCE CONTROL Filed Nov. 13, 1928 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I J J A I I -9 O O 8 1 1 1&

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Patented Man, 7, 1933 unirsn STATES P T N OF C nonAtn J. WALLACR'OF LONG nEAcH, CALIFORNIA, AssIeNoR, or ONE-HALE 110 91 ROLAND 1r. MULFOR-D, or LONG BEnci-r, CALIFORNIA r ENTRANCE ooivtrnon Application filed'lioveinber 13, 1928. Serial no. 319,115.

This invention relates generally to entrance'controls, and itspartIcular nature may be-describedas means for preventing the passageo't more than one individualat a time 5 from one room or the'lilre, to'another room, or the like, the closure for the entrance way being so controlled th'at given individual must have passed completely through the way'and have shut the 'closurebefore a sec trance. p 7

' In'order better to point out the particular advance of the' present invent on,"mention will be made of certain "commonly used devices for controlling entrances, certain'of their disadvantages being pointed out, not in a spiritof derogation, but in order that features oi my arrangement may become clearly apparent by showing how they elimiscr be the inventionas being putto use in a particular situation. This is done merely to gain the advantage of a concrete example whereupon it'will'beco ne apparent how the invention may beput to'advantageous' use in other situations. It is in no way to be con strued as limiting the invention to illustrative situation.

In public comfort stations it iscustomary to provide coin-controlled locks on-the doors of toilet-compartments and it there'he any appreciable number of compartments the cost otlock installation and up "keep-is a very considerableitem. In the absence of attendants, it also becomes possible for a defeat of the purpose of the locks, since a compartment occupant may hold the door open upon leaving and-admit a second ind vidual without actuation of the coin controlled lock.

he money lost to proprietors by reason of the chosen this is astonishingly great.

To overcome these conditions, I provide a comfort room wherein the individual compartments are not coinfcontrolled; but the saine eftect is ga ned by utilizing a -coin'-con trolled lock on the door of the room entrance. '2! single coin-controlled lock installation thus suiiices to serve the purpose, with an attendant reduction in the cost of loclr in stall afiO tion and upkeep, and, since the doorway ond individual may subsequently gain e11 is exposed andcan be kept under the eye of a single attendant, the chances of trickery are lessened; a y

than thelmere provision of a door which is necessity of an attendant. Instead of uti However, my invention goes much further I I i under'the control of a coin-released 'locki' As I lizing a turnstile which has the disadvantages of allowing more than one person to crowd betweenthe horizontal bars and of placingthe userin: an awkward andsometimes embarrassing position while Walking through, I have provided an enclosureadjacentto-the'doorway of the room, which enclosure will accommodate-only asingle indie vidual, but in which that individual may stand while the controlled door" is being 7 swung in one direction or the other, dependnate these disadvantages; I will also de--,

ing upon which side'offl the'room the com-- partment is placed. It is only while the'individual is standing in this compartment that entrance may be gained to the room, the

question as to whether the door isfirst swung I- with it thus] establishedthat theater a.

compartment at a given time, to insure that I the device' be protected against trickery,.it is only necessary to insurefurther thatonce' f" the door has been initially opened5'it cannot be reopened until it has firstfgonesubstantially'fully shut. This prevents the insertion of an obstacle between the door and its frame so that, one individual having passed through and preventing the door from going fully closed, another individual cannot push tion: Since the 1 V thedoor open-fromthis partially closed posit i door must be practically( ilo sed' t after an individual hasentered the compart- I ment '7 before that/individual can enter the i1 room, it is impossible for the door to be held half way open While one individual steps out of the compartment into the room and another individual steps from the outside into 5 the compartment.

Further objects and novel features of the invention will be made apparent in the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of an installation showing my invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail section on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is-an enlarged detail section on line 33-of Fig. l."

'. Fig. 4 is a section on line 4t of Fig. 1, showing in addition, an exit'turnstile.

Fig. 5 is a View similar to Fig. 4 but show- 3 ing the doorpartly open.

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but show ing the door fully open.

Fig. 6a is adiagrammatic view generally similar to Fig. 4 but showing a slight rearrangement of elements.

. Fig. 7 is a top plan view of a door brake or controlling member.

Fig. 8 is a section on line 8-8 of. Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a section on line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

h Fig. 10 is a section similar to Fig. 8 but showing the door in fully opened position; and j r r Fig. 11 is aview similar to Fig. 10 but showing the position of parts as the-door is being closed.

.As stated above, while I will describe the invention as applied in. a vparticular situation, ,it'will be understood this is in .no way to be construed as limiting my broader claims. Thus, while I have indicated the entrance control generally at E as being between an outer room. S and an innerroom R, said entrance being associated with the common wall W of these rooms, it will be seen the invention more broadly contemplates the consideration of rooms R and S as spaces separated by barrier W, entrance control E making possible passage between said spaces and through the barrier in a givendirection, only. It will also be seen that the enclosure generally indicated at 10 and making up 'a part of the device which will be described in detail later, may be considered as a compartment intermediate spaces S and R. With these general considerationsin mind, I will hereinafter refer] to the spaces as being rooms and will consider that the control is such that only one'individual at a time may enter room R from room S, passage in the opposite direction being prevented by means to be described. Exit from room R is had through the tunstile conventionally indicated at T, said turnstile beingcontrolled in any Well known manner to prevent passage therethrough into room R.

"In orderthat the operation of the entrance may be better understood, it will be helpful first to consider the means for controlling the movement of door D. It may be stated at this time that while certain elements of this door controllingv mechanism are novel, per se, and have therefore been made the subject matter of certain claims, the broad proposition of the entrance control which embodies both door control means and means controlling the individuals action in permitting him to gain entrance after thecoin .release has been operated, does not call for a particular door controlling mechanism, and therefore such claims as do not specify such a particularmechanism are in no way to be construed as being limited by my description of the particular mechanism hereemployed.

Door D is hingedly mounted at 11 for movement to and from a position closing doorway 12 in wall W. This door is normally locked closed by a coin-release lock conventionally illustrated at 13. This lock is controllable only from the outside of the door, so there is no possibility of an occupant of room R opening the door to admit individuals from room S. Any suitable means is provided for urging the door normally to closed position, for instance, hinges 11 are here shown as of the spring type. These spring hinges have sufiicient strength to close the door and allow the spring latch of lock 13 to lock the door closed irrespective of the extent to which the door has previously been opened.

I will now describe my preferred means for limiting the extent of door-opening movement which is combined with meansfor con-V trolling door movement. after lock 13 has been released. It will be understood that it is not essential to the invention, considered in its broader aspects, either to combine these means orto provide the particular means here shown anddescribed. However, since the illustrated means are particularly effective in use and are, I believe, novel in themselves, I Will describe them'with some particularity. V

Mounted on the inner. face 14 and at the top of door D is a bra-cketlf), arm 16 thereof extending horizontally. Secured to arm 16 at 17 is a brake housing generally indicated at 18. This housing includes bottom wall 19, top wall 20 and side walls 21. End plates 22 and 23 are positioned by dowel pins 24 and are held detachably against separative movement by through bolts 25. As will hereinafter appear, these bolts preferably, though not necessarily, have an additional function in connection with the brake discs- End plates 22 and 23' stop short at 26 of the from side walls 21 are guide. studs 34. which overlie bar 29. These studs with bottom wall 19 provide a guide between bar 29 and the brake housing, it being understood thatsaid bar and housing have 'slidingfit. When the door is moved hingedly, housing 18 slides along the barv 29, pivotal connection 30-allowing swinging movement o-f. said bar to accommodate the arcuate movement of. the door and hence of the housing.

1 Eccentrically'mounted at on side walls 21 are the axially. aligned brake discs 36, these discs being connected by a cross 1'od37 which is disposed approximately diametrie cally opposite the eccentric axis 42 of the -discs.- The peripheral faces of the discs are preferably, though not necessarily, knurled or otherwise mutilated at. 38 to give them superior gripping or biting characteristics.

A coil spring 39 is secured at one end 40 to end wall 22, and at the other end 41 to cross bar37. ."Ihe. points of attachment are such 'that this springnormally tendsto rotate discs 36 in a counter-clockwise direction,

as viewed in Fig; 8, thus drawing said discs clear of or at least out of effective pressural contact with the uppersurface of bar 29.

The contact of the discs with bolts-25 limits this counter-clockwise"disc movement and when the discs arethus put in the position of Fig. 8, the points of attachment of the spring 1 to wall 22 and. to cross rod 37 are aboveithe eccentric axis 42 of the discs and said discs are thus normally and yieldingly retained ina position out of effective engagement with bar29. I i With'the discs in the above described position they offer no resistance to door opening movement. Accordingly, after lock 13 has .been released by the insertion ofa proper coin, the door may be swung inwardly (countereclockwise as viewed in Flg. 4)

' against the action of. the spring hinges.

Secured to'the upper sideot bar 29. near 7 its free extremity is a setting cam 43, this cam being in the nature of an upwardangular arm '44 and an attachment portion 45", the latter being riveted to the bar-at 46. Cam arm4'4' inclines upwardly and inwardly towardhousing 18, the end plate 23 ofthe housingbeing centrally cut away as at 47 to accommodate the setting camwhen housing ls is moved to the position of Figure 10. 1

When the door approaches its position of full-open, cross-rod 37 is brought beneath cam arm 44 and, after contact between'said cam and cross rod, further opening movement of the door causes member 44 to cam rod 37 downwardly to the position of Figure 10, thus causing clockwise rotation as viewed in Figures 8 and 10) of brake discs 36. "=;.Such,

movement of the discs carries them into pressural contact with the upper face of bar 29,

the point ofattachment of spring 39 to rod 37 then being below eccentric axis 42 whereby the springthereafter exertsa tendency to rotate the cam discs in a clockwise direction or into engagement with the cross bar, thus tending to :press said bar against the upper face of bottom wall 19. V

- While the contact of crossrod 37 with cam 43, after the discs have been rotated as far as'lipossible underthe influence of thetcam,

positive stop means which becomes effective after the discs have been moved to braking position, thus relieving the cam s, cross rod and camfrom the sometimes excessive strains downturned lip 29a against which the end 48 ofbottom 19 is adapted to abut'to prevent further door opening movement after cross the discs from their position in Figure 8. It

will "be understood that while I have shown cam 43 as positively rotating the" cam discs 'clear to their braking position,'it is only nec-v A essary that said cam rotatethe discs until the point of spring attachment with said rod is below that'linea-b (Fig. 10) which is comrotate the discs to braking position. I

-With the discs thus put in braking position,

maybe depended upon to limit the extent of dooropening movement, I prefer to provide incident to door stopping. For this pur-I pose I haveprovided the end of bar 29 with a.

rod 37 has been cammed sufliciently to rotate mon to pointof attachment, 40 and eccentric axis 42, whereupon said spring iseffective to r it will-be understood they are not efie'ctiveto prevent door closing movement, that is, movethe cam discs and bar 29 is at the rightof eecentricaxis 42 so that 'leftwise movement of housing 18 along the bar tends to rotate the scam discs in a counterclockwise direction against 'ment of the door to the left in Figures -10 erg... 11, for the point 49 of engagement between orina door-opening direction, results in the j due to the frictional contact between-the disc-s andbar as aid by the nature of'per ipheral surface 38, the bar thus being tightly-pinched disc's being'revolved in a clockwise direction,

between'the'discs and bottom wall 19. This I pinching ,is effective to prevent door opening are now tobe described.

movementuntil the discs have been thrown to a full-released position bymeans which Fixedtothe upper face 'ofbar 29 near it's pivoted end is a brake releasingcam 50, this cam being made up of attachment 'por tion 51riveted to the bar at 52, an upwardly tending cam portion 54 which inclines in substantially the same direction ascarn arm 44. However,,while the under side' 44a lof',

extension 44 is the effective cam surface, it is 125. extending portion 53, and a downwardly ex- 7 the upper. side 54a of member 54 which is door is fully closed said ,rod will have been moved to the position of Figure 8, the brake discs thus being moved to released position, in which position they are releasably held by spring 39 until again shifted by cam 43.

It will thus be seen that the braking device is normally ineffective and remains ineffective during initial door opening movement, that'it becomes effective as soon as the. door has reached a predetermined open position to prevent, after the door has started closed, subsequent door openingmovement until said door has gone substantially fully closed, preferably to a position of closure where the spring latch of lock 13 may engage its keeper (not shown) to lock-the door closed.

As will be pointed out hereinafter, means are provided whereby an individual may not secure entrance to room R'until the door has successively been fully opened andsubstan- I tially fully closed. It follows that this brake device prevents such an individual from holding the door from going fully closed so that a second individualmay push the door open again without inserting a coin in the lock. Also, should an individual place an obstruction between the door and the frame to hold the door slightly ajar so the lockcannot become effective with the idea that a second individual may subsequently push the door open without payment, it will be seen that the. brake device preventsthis second individual from so pushing the door open until he has first removedthe obstruction and allowed the door to go fully closed, whereupon he'is forced to deposit a coin before he can release the lock. 1

'At this point it may be stated that while I have specified lock 13 as being of the coinrelease type since this is the provision most commonly used,-it will be understood the lock may be of any of the well known types having provisions whereby certain satisfaction has to be given it before it can be operated. In other words, itmay be underremote'or direct control of anattendantto whom satisfaction must be given before he releases the lock. It

q, will also be noted that the brake device and bar maybe fully housed to prevent tampering,but I have omitted a showing of the housing in order that all working partsmay be exposed. j

I will now describe my means for. controlling the movements of the individual as he makes his entrance. I have designated this meansgenerally at and it may be charac- 'terized'as an enclosure defining a compartment 104; through which the individual must pass in going from room S to room R. I have shown thisenclosure in the nature of a shoulder high cage, but it will be understood it may be built integrally with the walls-of the room or may be fashioned in anyway suitable to carry out the hereinafter described purpose without departing from the spirit and scope of my broader claims.

Enclosure 10 includes a lower portion 59 and an'upper portion 60, it being noted that it is provided with an entrance way'61adjacent doorway-12.; Lower portion 59-may'be considered as relativelyfrestricted, being of a size, as viewed in plan, to approximately fit about the feet and lower legs ofa standing individual. This lower portion preferably extends about average-kneeheight, the upper portion 60 fiaringin: everyrdirection as shownparticularly in Figures 2 and 3 (the flare being. accomplished by inclining wall a. " sections 60a, 60?), 63 and 65) so the individual therein may not be required to assume anunnatural or awkward position, these flaring characteristics allowing him freely to move his body, except his feet. From 'oneside wall any position other than fully opened as in Fig. 601 closed to an extentbringing it past wall 63. The limitof door opening move-.

ment, as established above,"is such that said door, when fully open is in the position of Fig. 6, that is, approximately opposite en'- closure wall 65, it being noted that-this wall as well as the outer edge or wall 63 are sufficiently close to the edge of the .door to. prevent an individual from stepping around the dooredge either into or out of the compartment;

Theuse of the entrance is as follows:

The individual first releases lock 13 by the insertion of'aproper coin, swings the door open to the position of Fig. 6 and steps into compartment 10a. As stated above, due

to the restriction of portion 59, no more than one individual can getinto this compartment,

though one individual is accommodated com.- fortably. It will further be noted that in order for the-individual to step into the compartment he must have fully-opened the door,

mg an obstacle between the door and frame.

The individual then releases his hold on the door knob and hinges 11 swing it shut. If he attempts to check the door whenit is partly closed, for instance in the position of ig. 5, so he may step into the room Rand allow another individual to step between the door and wall 63 into the compartment, his purpose will be defeated, for the edge of the door will block entranceway (il-sufiiciently to prevent either of these actions. He cannot step into room R until door D has reached or passed wall 63 and by that time no second individual can squeezehis way into the com-' partment past the door nor can said second individual force the door open from this position sufiiciently to allow his'entrance to compartment 10a, due to the braking provisions described above. Accordingly, door D must go fully. closed and locked before it can again be pushed open to admit a second individual to compartment 10a, and such entry is gained only after the deposit of another coin in lock 13.

Just as a second individual from the outside cannot swing the door open until it has first gone fully shut, neither canthe first individual, now within room R, pull the'door open to admit a second user. Of course, once the door has gone fullyclosed lock 13 is not accessible from the inside of'room R and occupants of said 'room are unable to release the door.

It will be seen that the device as above described may be considered as including an enclosure at one side of wall W; the entrance way 61 to said enclosure, door way 12 and door D being associated in such a manner that entranceto enclosure 1Ov from room can be made only when the door is opened a predetermined extent (which may normally be considered its full open position) and that subsequent passage from enclosure 10 to room R can only be had when said door is substantially closed. It will also be seen that the brake device may be considered as means which are ineffective during initial door opening movement but prevent subsequent door opening movement after said door has been moved towards closed position, remaining effective until the door has so moved a predetermined extent toward closed position.

It may be also seen that the opening P between wall 65 of enclosure 10 and hinges 11 may be considered as an exit from enclosure 10, door D closing this exit as soon as door way 12 and entrance way 61 are in communication and that said door prevents com- 65 munication between room S and compartment 10 through door way 12 and entrance way 1fil when door D is in a position opening exlt 1 Considering rooms S and R as being spaces 7 separatedjby a barrier in the form of wall ll, it will be seen that entrance E includes a compartment 10a intermediate the spaces, the compartment having an entrance waywhich is capable of putting saidcompart ment incommunicati'on with either space S and space 1 while door D represents a single member. which is movable selectively vto prevent passage between said compartment and either of said spaces or as a member preventing passage between the compartment andeither of the spaces when said compartment is in communication with the other space.

It will also be understoodcompartment 10 may be on either side of wall W. If it be put on the side opposite that shown, the door also will swing in the opposite direction and the individual steps into "the compartmentbefore he unlocks-and opens the door. Such an arrangement is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 6a but it will beunderstood the general principle of operation remains the same as that described in detail above.

It will be understood the drawings and de-. scription .aretobe considered merely'as illustrative "of and i not restrictive on the broaderclairns appended hereto, for various changes in design, structure and arrange- -ment may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of said claims.

I claim: V v 1. In a device for controlling the passage of individuals from a space to the interior of a room adjacent said space, one of the de-' fining walls of the room having a doorway open ng mtosald space, a door mounted for movement to and from a posltlon closing said doorway, means limiting the extent of door opening movement, a lock releasably holding closure, said door, whenit is substantially at its limit of openingvmovement, opening said enclosure entrance-way to permit passage of an individual through said doorway into the enclosure and, closing 0E communication between said enclosure and said room, said door being then movable to closed position putting the enclosure again into communication with the room whereby the individual 7 may pass from the compartment to the room. 2. In a device for controlling the passage of individuals from a space to the interior of a room adjacent said space, one ofthe defining walls of the room having'a doorway open- .In a device for controlling the passage" ing into said space, a door mounted for-movement to and from a position closing said doorway, means limitingthe extent of dooropening movement, a lock releasably holding said door closed, a stationary enclosure at one side of said wall and into which an individual may pass, said enclosure having an open entrance way normally opening into said room, said door, during at least a portion of its opening movement substantially closing said entrance way against the passage of an individual through the doorway into said enclosure, said door, when it is substantially at its limit of opening movement, opening said enclosure entrance-way to permit passage of an individual through said doorway into the enclosure and closing off communication between said enclosure and said room, said door'being then movable to closed position putting the enclosure again into communication with the room whereby the individual may pass from. the compartment to the room, anda door-opening brake applied to the door, which brake is ineffective when the door is closed, said brake preventing, after initiation of such door-closing movement, subsequent door-opening movement until after the door has been closed. 7

3. In a device for controlling thepassage of individuals from a space to the interior of a room adjacent said space, one of the defining walls of the room having a door way opening into said space, a door mounted for movement to and from a position closing said doorway, means limiting the extent of door-opening movement, a lock releasably holding said door closed, a stationary enclo sure at one side of said wall and into which an individual may pass, said enclosurehaving an open entrance way normally opening into said room, said door, during at least a portion ofits opening movement substantially closing said entrance way against the passage of an individual through the doorway into said enclosure, said door, when it is substantially at its limit of opening movement, opening said enclosure entrance-way to permit passage of an individual through saiddoorway into the enclosure and closing off communication between said enclosure and said room, said door being thenmovable to closed position putting the enclosure again into communication with the room whereby the individual may pass from the compartment to the room, and a door-opening brake applied to the door, which brake is inefi'ective when the door is closed, means putting saidbrake into effect when the door is opened said predetermined extent, said brake then being efi'ective after initiation of door closing movement to prevent subsequent dooropening movement, and a brake. release adapted to release the brake asisaid door finally closes.

of individuals from a spaceto theinterior of a room adjacent said space, one ot '-tl'ie defining walls ofthe room having a door-- way opening into said space, a door. mounted for movement to and from a position closing said doorway, means limiting the extent of door-opening movement, a lock releasably holding said door closed, a stationary enclosure at one side of said wall and into which an individual may pass, said enclosure having an open entrance way normally opening into said room, said enclosure being characterized as a structure having a rela-' tively' restricted foot receiving space to accommodate the feet of but one individual, the structure flaring upwardly 'and outwardly from the foot accommodating space to define a space of relatively large size, said door, during at least a portion of its opening movement substantially closing said entrance way against the passage of an individual through the'doorway into said enclosure, said door,-

when it is substantially at its limit of opening movement, opening said enclosure entrance-way to permit passage of an individual through said doorway into'the enclosure and,

closing off communication between said enclosure and said room, said door being then movable to closed position putting-the enclosure again into communication with the room whereby the individual may pass from thecompartment to the room.

5. In a device 'for controlling the passage of individuals from one space to another space through a barrier separating the spaces, a stationary, open front enclosure defining a compartment adjacent to the barrier and termediate the spaces, said'compartment being capable of, receiving an individual therein and of being put into communication witheither of said spaces to allow an'individual to pass from one space to the other through said compartment, a door shiftable from one position to another alternately to prevent passage between the compartment and the individual spaces, all in a manner whereby 'an individual'entering the compartment from the space in communication therewith inay, after said door has been shifted, enter theother spacefrom said compartment; a lock adapted releasably to hold the door in one of said positions, a normally ineffective brakemechanism applied to the door, 7

defining structure having a -doorway, a door movable to and from a position closing the doorway, a brake device adapted to prevent door opening movement only after the door has been opened a predetermined extent and then moved toward but not fully to closed position; said brake device embodying a brake element carried on the door and a brake element carried on the structure, said elements being out of o erative association when the door is closed, rake-setting means carried by the structure and adapted to put said elements into operative braking association by virtue of door opening movement to a predetermined extent, and brake release means carried by the structure to put one of said elements out of operative braking association I with the other element, said release means being actuated byvirtue of final closingmovev ment of the door.

7. In enclosure for controlling the passage of individuals through a predetermined path a wall structure having an entrance way, the lower part of the wallstructure defining a relatively restricted foot-receiving space, and the wall structure above said lower part flaring upwardly and outwardly from the footreceiving space to define a space of relatively large size.

- In witness that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto subscribed my name this fifth day of November 1928. I

DONALD J WALLACE.

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