TW201734225A - Novel hardfacing material - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention discloses a kind of novel hardfacing alloys which can be applied on the surface of workpiece with proper coating methods in accordance with workpiece material, dimensions, and required properties. For example, by using different kind of heat source, the invented hardfacing material could be heated to the melted or partially melted state during depositing on the workpiece surface and then form as a protective layer. With the superior properties of the coating materials, the wiorkpieces could have better functional performance and thus longer lifetime.

Description

Novel hard surface alloy material

The invention relates to the related technical field of alloy materials, in particular to a novel hard surface alloy material.

In order to extend the life of the device or workpiece, surface treatment techniques are typically used to modify the surface of the device or workpiece, or a protective layer is applied over the surface. Hardfacing process is usually applied to a metal workpiece, such as thermal spray, meltallizing, build-up welding, sintering (Snitering), etc. a hard surface material is coated on the surface of the metal workpiece to enhance physical or chemical properties of the surface of the metal workpiece, such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance or temperature resistance; thus, by effectively reducing surface wear or rust, It can effectively extend the service life of the metal workpiece.

Hardfacing alloy materials typically include a base phase alloy made of an iron based, cobalt based or nickel based alloy material. The results show that the addition of specific alloying elements (such as chromium (Cr), vanadium (V), molybdenum (Mo)) can improve the corrosion resistance or high temperature stability of the base phase alloy material; in addition, by controlling the base phase alloy The process temperature is transformed into a martensite phase, which increases the hardness of the base phase alloy. However, even though the properties of the hardfacing alloy material base phase can be strengthened in many ways, basically the current hard surface alloy design cannot be separated from the concept that a conventional alloy material has a metal element as a main constituent element, and therefore is often applied in application. Limiting or difficult to meet the needs of various use environments. For example, nickel-based and cobalt-based hard-faced materials are generally superior to iron-based hard-faced materials in terms of corrosion resistance and temperature resistance, while iron-based materials are easy to obtain high-strength properties and have lower cost advantages.

From the above description, we can understand that when manufacturing a specific hard surface alloy, it is necessary to consider the application equipment or workpiece of the hard surface alloy and the use environment in advance, and select an appropriate base phase and a strengthening phase material to manufacture It can be applied to the hard surface alloy for protecting the applied workpiece, and the hard surface alloy can meet the needs of the use environment at the same time.

In view of the fact that the hard surface alloy material produced by the conventional process method still cannot meet the requirements of various application surfaces and use environments, the present invention develops a novel hard surface alloy material to solve this shortcoming, so that it can better meet different application requirements. And extend the life. Here, reference 1 (Chin-You Hsu et. al, "Effect of iron content on wear behavior of AlCoCrFe _x Mo _0.5 Ni high-entropy alloys", International Journal on the Science and Technology of Friction Lubrication and Wear (Wear 268 Pp. 653-659. ISSN 0043-1648. 11 Feb. 2010), Literature 1 shows that high-entropy alloys are multi-alloy materials composed of more than five major elements; it is worth noting that due to multi-primary elements Mixing produces a high entropy effect, so the multi-element high-entropy alloy produced by the appropriate alloy design has many properties superior to those of conventional alloys, such as high temperature resistance, high hardness, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and high temperature resistance. Excellent performance.

Therefore, based on the theory of the first literature, the inventors of this case also vigorously researched and developed the material formulation of the multi-high-entropy alloy, and finally developed a novel hard-face alloy material of the present invention.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A primary object of the present invention is to provide a novel hardfacing alloy material that can be applied over the surface of a target workpiece by a suitable hard surface treatment process in accordance with the material, size and performance requirements of a target workpiece. For example, by using various heat sources, the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be heated to a molten or partially melted state and then coated over the surface of the target workpiece, thereby forming a protective coating of a good bond. In this way, the excellent properties of the novel hard surface alloy material of the present invention can be utilized to achieve the functional function of protecting the target workpiece, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

Accordingly, in order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the inventors of the present invention have proposed a novel hardfacing alloy material composed of at least one base phase structure and at least one reinforcing phase structure, and the novel hardfacing alloy material has a specific Hardness, and the specific hardness is greater than HV500.

The novel hardfacing alloy material as described above, in particular, the novel hardfacing alloy material comprises at least four or more main metal elements selected from the group consisting of: aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), zirconium (Zr). Moreover, in order to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect of the alloy design, the novel hard surface alloy material includes four or more main metal elements, and two or more metal elements thereof are selected from the following groups: aluminum (Al), Cr (Chromium), Mo (molybdenum), Nb (铌), Ti (titanium), Ta (钽), V (vanadium), W (tungsten), Zr (zirconium). Further, the novel hard-face alloy material further comprises at least one non-metal element, and the non-metal element is selected from the group consisting of boron (B), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O). , 矽 (Si).

The novel hard surface alloy material as described above, the at least four main metal elements having a total metal element molar number, and the total metal element molar number accounting for one of the total hard surface alloy materials 50% to 95%. And, in the composition of the novel hard surface alloy material, each of the main metal elements has a corresponding main metal element molar number, and the main metal element molar number is 5% of the total metal element molar number the above. Furthermore, the at least one non-metallic element has a total non-metallic element molar number, and the total non-metallic element molar number is 5% to 50% of the total mole number of the novel hard-face alloy material.

The novel hardfacing alloy material as described above, in particular, the form of the finished or semi-finished product of the novel hardfacing alloy material may be any of the following: powder, wire, welding rod, coated wire, or block; The novel hardfacing alloy material can be coated onto the surface of a target workpiece by any of the following processes: casting, arc welding, thermal spraying, or thermal sintering.

In order to more clearly describe a novel hardfacing alloy material proposed by the present invention, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

The present invention provides a novel hardfacing alloy material comprised of at least one base phase structure and at least one reinforcing phase structure, and the novel hardfacing alloy material has a specific hardness that is greater than HV500. In particular, the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention must contain four or more main metal elements selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr). ), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), tungsten (W ), zirconium (Zr). Moreover, the novel hard surface alloy material further comprises at least one non-metal element, and the non-metal element is selected from the group consisting of boron (B), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O),矽 (Si).

In the composition of the novel hard surface alloy material, in order to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect, among the four or more main metal elements included in the novel hard surface alloy material, two or more metal elements must be selected from the following groups. : Aluminum (Al), Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum), Nb (铌), Ti (titanium), Ta (钽), V (vanadium), W (tungsten), Zr (zirconium). Moreover, the at least four main metal elements have a total metal element molar number, and the total metal element molar number is 50% to 95% of the total mole number of the novel hard surface alloy material. More importantly, in the composition of the novel hard-face alloy material, each of the main metal elements has a corresponding main metal element molar number, and the main metal element molar number is the total metal element molar number More than 5%. In another aspect, the at least one non-metallic element has a total non-metallic element molar number relative to the total metal element molar number, and the total non-metallic element molar number is one of the novel hard surface alloy materials The total number of moles is 5% to 50%.

In order to confirm that the material composition and technical limitations of the novel hardfacing alloy material described above with respect to the present invention can indeed be implemented, the following will be confirmed by the presentation of sets of experimental materials.

First experiment : Confirm the content of non-metallic elements :

First, please refer to the experimental data in Table (1) and Table (2) below. It can be known from Table (1) and Table (2) that the first experiment is aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and nickel (Ni). These six metals are main metal elements containing two metal elements of aluminum (Al) and molybdenum (Mo) which are easy to form a strengthening phase, and boron (B) or carbon (C) is used as the non-metal element. Moreover, with reference to the experimental data of Samples 1 to 4, it can be found that when the content of non-metallic elements is gradually increased, the hardness and wear resistance of the obtained novel hard-faced alloy material are also increased. However, when the content of non-metallic elements is continuously increased, the hardness of the finally obtained new hard-faced alloy material is significantly improved, and the service life exhibited in the actual use environment does not necessarily rise, especially in high stress or high impact. In the use environment, the hardness is too high, the toughness is too low, and it breaks down during use, which affects the service life. Therefore, based on the above experimental results, it can be further found that, preferably, the total non-metallic element molar number is 15% to 36% of the total molar number; and, the total metal element molar number system It is 64%~85% of the total number of moles of the novel hardfacing alloy material. (Table I) (Table II)

Obviously, in the case of hard surface alloy materials, the higher the hardness value, the better the characteristics of the hard surface alloy material; for different practical application surfaces, the appropriate non-alignment should be adjusted for different target workpieces and environments. The metal content and the metal content enable the hard surface alloy material coated on the surface of the target workpiece to exhibit corresponding hardness, toughness and wear resistance. Here, in particular, a manufacturing method currently used for coating a hard surface alloy material on a surface of a target workpiece is, for example, casting, arc welding, thermal spraying, thermal sintering, or the like.

Second experiment : Confirm the performance of other alloy systems and different non-metallic elements :

Please continue to refer to the experimental data in Table (3) below. It can be known from Table (3) that Sample 6 and Sample 7 are made of six kinds of aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe) and nickel (Ni). The metal is a main metal element containing two metal elements of aluminum (Al) and chromium (Cr) which are easy to form a strengthening phase, and boron (B) is used as the non-metal element. In addition, Sample 8 and Sample 9 are mainly composed of five metals, cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), and titanium (Ti), which contain chromium which is easy to form a strengthening phase. (Cr) and titanium (Ti) two kinds of metal elements, and boron (C) as the non-metal element. (Table 3)

Please continue to refer to the experimental data in Table (4) below. It can be known from Table (4) that the novel hard surface alloy materials of Samples 10 and 11 contain aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zr) which are easy to form a strengthening phase. Four metal elements, with boron (B) and bismuth (Si) as the non-metal elements. In addition, the novel hard surface alloy materials of the samples 12 to 13 contain five metal elements of aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), tantalum (Ta), titanium (Ti), and zirconium (Zr) which are easy to form a strengthening phase. Oxygen (O) or nitrogen (N) is used as the non-metal element. (Table 4)

Preferred embodiment

Here, the inventors of the present invention further proposed four preferred embodiments of the novel hard surface alloy material, which are arranged in the following Tables (5) and (6). (Table 5) (Table 6)

Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4, which are respectively a first preferred embodiment, a second preferred embodiment, a third preferred embodiment, and a fourth preferred embodiment of the novel hardfacing alloy material. An image of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the example. In the first, second, third, and fourth figures, the names of the regions indicated by the Roman numerals I, II, III, and IV are as shown in the following Table (VII). Moreover, we can find through the SEM image that the alloy composition of the four preferred embodiments contains more than two compound phases and more than one base phase; among them, the softer (multiple) base phase can be Supporting and grasping the high hardness compound particles, thereby generating a resistance to friction; therefore, when the novel hard surface alloy material of the present invention is processed and coated onto the surface of a target workpiece, abrasion resistance and high temperature softening resistance can be provided. The protection function is used to extend the service life of the target workpiece. (Table 7)

It is to be noted that the first preferred embodiment, the second preferred embodiment, the third preferred embodiment, and the fourth preferred embodiment of the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be processed into The type of finished or semi-finished product, such as: powder, wire, welding rod, metal tube containing flux, or block. The powder form may be an alloy powder or a mixed powder, and the wire may be a solid alloy wire or a coated wire made of a metal tube and a metal powder and a flux. When used in a powder form, the configured powder can be applied to the surface of the target workpiece, and then the target workpiece can be fed into a high temperature furnace to be sintered at an appropriate temperature so that the powder adheres to the surface of the workpiece to form a hard surface layer. Alternatively, the powder may be heated and sintered by other means, such as laser scanning heating.

In addition, if a thermal spraying process is used, it can be mixed with powder or wire by using different heating sources, and the material (powder or wire) is heated to a molten or semi-molten state, and then impacted to the target under the high speed of the gas. The surface of the workpiece is then deposited and solidified into a thick film or coating. When spark plasma sintering is used, the powder can be applied to the workpiece and then placed in a graphite mold, and an electric current is applied to generate a spark or resistance heat at the interface of the powder particles, and the powder and the workpiece are more tightly pressed by applying pressure. Soldered together. When using the surfacing process, the wire can be directly soldered to the surface of the workpiece by gas welding, such as TIG (with tungsten needle as non-consumable electrode) and MIG (directly with wire as consumable electrode). Or use a submerged arc welding process to weld the surface of the workpiece with a flux; or design the bonding wire to be directly welded to the surface of the workpiece by a bright arc welding method; or to make the multi-hard surface alloy into an electrode The hard surface layer is deposited on the surface of the target workpiece by Shielding Metal Rod Arc Welding (SMAW). In addition to the use of powder or wire, if the target workpiece size and shape design permits, you can also use the direct casting method to melt the multi-hard surface alloy into a melt soup, with appropriate mold design, directly cast on the surface of the target workpiece, wait After curing, a hardened layer can be formed.

Thus, the above description has completely and clearly disclosed the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention, and, through the above, we can know that the present invention has the following main advantages: the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be based on a The material, size and performance requirements of the target workpiece are then applied over the surface of the target workpiece by a suitable hard surface treatment process. For example, by using various heat sources, the novel hardfacing alloy material of the present invention can be heated to a molten or semi-molten state and then coated on the surface of the target workpiece, thereby forming a protective coating of a good bond. In this way, the excellent properties of the novel hard surface alloy material of the present invention can be utilized to achieve the functional function of protecting the target workpiece, thereby prolonging the service life of the target workpiece.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to Both should be included in the scope of the patent in this case.

<present invention>
I‧‧‧Light gray base phase
II‧‧‧Dark gray base phase
III‧‧‧Dark carbide (or boride)
IV‧‧‧White Carbide
V‧‧‧black carbide (or boride)

<知知>
no

1 is an image view of a scanning electron microscope of a first preferred embodiment of a novel hard-faced alloy material; FIG. 2 is an image view of a scanning electron microscope of a second preferred embodiment of a novel hard-faced alloy material; An image of a scanning electron microscope of a third preferred embodiment of the novel hardfacing alloy material; and FIG. 4 is an image of a scanning electron microscope of a fourth preferred embodiment of the novel hardfacing alloy material.

I‧‧‧Light gray base phase

II‧‧‧Dark gray base phase

III‧‧‧Dark carbide (or boride)

Claims (6)

A novel hard surface alloy material having at least one base phase structure and at least one strengthening phase structure, and the novel hard surface alloy material has a specific hardness, and the specific hardness system is greater than HV500; wherein the novel hard surface alloy The material contains at least four main metal elements, and the main metal element is selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe). ), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), vanadium (V), tungsten (W), zirconium (Zr); The novel hard-face alloy material further comprises at least one non-metal element, and the non-metal element is selected from the group consisting of boron (B), carbon (C), nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), antimony ( In order to enhance the precipitation strengthening effect, among the four or more main metal elements contained in the novel hard surface alloy material, two or more metal elements must be selected from the group consisting of aluminum (Al), Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum), Nb (yttrium), Ti (titanium), Ta (yttrium), V (vanadium), W (tungsten), Zr (zirconium). The novel hard surface alloy material according to claim 1, wherein in the composition of the novel hard surface alloy material, the at least four main metal elements have a total metal element molar number, and the total The metal element molar number is 50% to 95% of the total mole number of the novel hard surface alloy material. The novel hard surface alloy material according to claim 2, wherein, in the composition of the novel hard surface alloy material, each of the main metal elements has a corresponding main metal element molar number, and the main metal The elemental molar number is 5% or more of the total metal element molar number. The novel hardfacing alloy material according to claim 2, wherein, in the composition of the novel hardfacing alloy material, the at least one non-metallic element has a total non-metallic element molar number, and the total non- The metal element molar number is 5% to 50% of the total mole number of the novel hard surface alloy material. The novel hard surface alloy material according to claim 1, wherein the finished or semi-finished product of the novel hard surface alloy material may be of any of the following types: powder, wire, welding rod, coated wire, or Block. The novel hard surface alloy material according to claim 5, wherein the novel hard surface alloy material is processed and coated onto a surface of a target workpiece by any of the following processes: casting, arc welding, Thermal spraying, or thermal sintering.