RU2737176C1 - Method of seismic-acoustic quality monitoring of embedded building structures concreting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction of buried reinforced concrete or concrete structures erected by means of "wall in ground" method in soil, as well as control of quality of concreting of said structures. Seismoacoustic source 5 generates seismoacoustic waves at different points of first hollow tube 1 due to its movement at intervals of 0.5 to 4 meters over the length of pipe 1, wherein seismoacoustic source 5 is connected and synchronized with seismoacoustic receivers 7 by digital seismoacoustic station 8, signals produced by seismoacoustic receivers 7 are recorded when seismoacoustic waves pass through the hardened concrete medium of the "wall in ground" structure 4. After tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic cut in the vertical plane and a design section on the strength parameter of the hardened concrete medium of structure 4, decisions are made on options of elimination of detected defects of concreting 9 of structure "wall in ground" 4, then hollow pipes 1 and 2 are removed from structure "wall in ground" 4 and concreting of formed wells is performed.EFFECT: possibility of detecting defects of concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures erected by the "wall in ground" method, as well as high reliability of determining presence of defects of concreting of buried building structures "wall in ground" due to cross scanning of defects from different points along height of structure.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction in the ground of buried reinforced concrete or concrete structures, erected by the "wall in the ground" method, as well as quality control of the concreting of these structures.

There is a known method and device for conducting cross-well seismic studies of underground structures, which consists in creating a seismic event in one well, called "impact well", and measuring an event in another well, called "monitoring well", while recording a seismic event by a well the tool in the well, stimulation must be precisely synchronized with the recording of a seismic event by another tool in the monitoring well (RF Patent No. 2439621, publ. from 01/10/2012, bull. No. 1).

However, this method is intended for seismic studies in the exploration of oil and gas fields and requires significant modification to study the continuity of reinforced concrete structures.

A well-known borehole source of seismoacoustic signals containing an upper cylinder with holes, in which a pressure compensator is mounted, a middle cylinder, in which a twisted magnetostrictive transducer is mounted, placed in an electrical insulating liquid, a lower cylinder with windows, in which a radiating nozzle and a reflecting cone are mounted (USSR author's certificate No. 1354147, publ. From 11/23/1987).

There is a known device for a digital seismoacoustic station intended for seismoacoustic exploration during cross-well study of the soil structure, containing a source of elastic vibrations connected to a generator connected to a starting circuit, the input of which is connected to the output of a receiver connected by radio wave communication to a transmitter connected in series with a digital-to-analog converter, an interface of the radiation system and the output of the synchronization unit, the input of which is connected in series with the interface of the receiving system, a memory unit, an analog-to-digital converter, a key unit, a demultiplexer, a multiplexer, an amplifier unit to which n receivers of elastic oscillations are connected, while the synchronization unit is connected to the output of the unit control connected to the output of the information input unit and the input of a digital computer, the outputs of which are connected to a video animation device and a recording device. (Application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 5033943, publ. From 27.12.1996).

There is a known method of erecting a prefabricated-monolithic structure "wall in the ground", including the execution of a trench with taps, installation within the run-in of prefabricated elements with curved grooves and concreting between pairs of adjacent prefabricated elements of monolithic wall sections (Filatov A.L. "Construction of structures by the method of wall in the ground ". Kiev: Alarm, 1976, p. 143).

However, the wall erected in this way does not have continuous transverse reinforcement, which negatively affects the reliability of the wall, and also requires complex work if waterproofing is required in flooded soils.

A known method of erecting underground monolithic reinforced concrete structures using the "wall in the ground" method, consisting of sequential operations of the development of a trench within one capture along the length of the "wall" under the protection of drilling mud, lowering the reinforcement cage into the trench, concreting the capture by supplying concrete mixture to the lower part of the trench , filling it with a concrete mixture and simultaneously displacing the drilling mud to the surface, performing similar operations on an adjacent (through one) grip, then on a missed one, etc. (RF patent No. 2354779, publ. From 05/10/2009, bull. No. 13).

However, when using this method of erecting a “wall in the ground” building structure, such disadvantages as the low quality of the erected underground structure caused by the peculiarities of concreting in the soil formwork (mixing concrete with clay mortar, the possibility of the formation of non-concreted voids, etc.) may arise, as well as the impossibility of checking the quality of the panel before the development of the pit.

A device for determining the solidity of concrete products is known, containing a free vibration exciter and a free vibration receiver connected respectively to a sound purity generator and a measurement indicator (USSR author's certificate No. 251890, publ. From 09/10/1969, bull. No. 28).

The disadvantage of this device is the ability to determine the continuity of only the surfaces of concrete and reinforced concrete structures and the lack of the possibility of using for the detection of defects in the concreting of buried building structures, erected by the "wall in the ground" method.

A method of seismoacoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures, which consists in identifying defects in concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures based on recording the speed of propagation of seismic waves and including a conditional division of the structure into sections within which operations of the seismoacoustic method of determining the quality of concreting are carried out, excitation of mechanical vibrations in a construction structures, measuring their parameters at the controlled point of the structure and identifying zones with a gradient of the measured parameters within the selected area, while the quality control of concreting is carried out in the hardened concrete mixture, and the excitation of vibrations and measurements is carried out by a non-destructive method from one side of the building structure from inside the underground structure (Patent RF No. 2367742, publ. From 20.09.2009, bull. No. 26).

The disadvantage of this method is that this method is used to detect concreting defects over the thickness of the structure, and cannot be used to detect concreting defects during the construction of extended buried reinforced concrete or concrete structures, for example, erected by the "wall in the ground" method, due to their significant depth. In addition, this method determines the quality control of concreting only after "opening" the structure.

The technical result that can be obtained during the implementation of the invention is the ability to detect defects in the concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures erected by the "wall in the ground" method, as well as to increase the reliability of determining the presence of defects in the concreting of buried building structures "wall in the ground" due to cross scanning defects from different points along the height of the structure.

To achieve this technical result, the proposed method of seismoacoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures, consisting in identifying defects in concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures based on recording the speed of propagation of seismic waves, while quality control of concreting is carried out in the hardened concrete mixture, according to the invention, quality control of concreting carried out in building structures erected by the "wall in the ground" method, for which they initially develop a trench in the ground under the structure "wall in the ground" and install a metal reinforcing frame in it, in which hollow is installed at a distance of 3 to 12 meters from each other thin-walled pipes, closed with a plug from the lower end and a height equal to the depth of the "wall in the ground" structure, which are attached to the reinforcing cage, produce concreting of the "wall in the ground" structure by pouring a concrete mixture into the trench and about ensure the setting and hardening of the concrete mixture in the reinforcing cage, after the concrete mixture has hardened, water is poured into the hollow pipes and a seismic acoustic source is introduced into the first hollow pipe, configured to move along the entire length of the pipe, a garland with seismic acoustic receivers is introduced into the second hollow pipe. movement along the length of the pipe, while in the garland seismoacoustic receivers are placed at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters between themselves, then the seismoacoustic source generates seismoacoustic waves at various points of the first hollow pipe due to its movement at intervals through a distance from 0.5 to 4 meters along the length of the pipe, while the seismoacoustic source is connected and synchronized with the seismoacoustic receivers by means of a digital seismoacoustic station, which records the signals received by the seismoacoustic receivers when seismoacoustic waves pass through the hardened concrete environment, cross-register signals, changing the garland with seismic receivers and a seismic acoustic source in places in the pipes, and at the final stage, after tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic section in the vertical plane of the hardened concrete medium, make decisions on options for eliminating the identified defects in concreting of in the ground ”, then the hollow pipes are eliminated by filling them, while the specified cycle of work is carried out along the entire length of the erected“ wall in the ground ”or its section as it is manufactured.

Introduction to the proposed method of seismic acoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures, the following operations: the initial development of a trench in the ground under the “wall in the ground” structure and the installation of a metal reinforcing cage in it, lowering the reinforcing cage into the inside at a distance of 3 to 12 meters from each another thin-walled hollow pipes closed with a plug at the lower end and a height equal to the depth of the “wall in the ground” structure, the production of concreting of the “wall in the ground” structure by pouring concrete mixture into the trench, filling the hollow pipes after curing the concrete mixture with water, introducing into the first hollow pipe seismoacoustic source, made with the ability to move along the entire length of the pipe, and into the second hollow pipe of a string with seismoacoustic receivers, made with the ability to move along the length of the pipe, while in the string seismoacoustic receivers are located at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters between themselves, generating I a seismoacoustic source of seismoacoustic waves at various points of the first hollow pipe due to its movement at intervals over a distance of 0.5 to 4 meters along the length of the pipe, as well as connection and synchronization of the seismoacoustic source with seismoacoustic receivers by means of a digital seismoacoustic station, at which signals are recorded received by seismoacoustic receivers during the passage of seismoacoustic waves through the hardened concrete medium, and at the final stage, after tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic section in the vertical plane, making a decision to eliminate the identified defects in the concreting of the “wall-in-the-ground” structure allows obtaining a new property, which consists of in the possibility of detecting defects in the concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures erected by the "wall in the ground" method, namely, non-concreted zones, the reasons for which are the suspension of the concrete mixture on the reinforcement bars the frame or the fall of the soil mass from the wall of the trench at any depth, due to the excitation and passage of elastic vibrations of seismoacoustic waves inside the structure "wall in the ground" in the longitudinal direction. between hollow pipes, as well as increasing the reliability of determining the presence of defects in the concreting of buried structures "wall in the soil" due to cross-scanning of the defect from different points along the height of the structure when moving a seismic acoustic source made with the ability to move along the entire length of the pipe with a stop at certain points located from each other at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters, to generate seismoacoustic waves and change the garland with seismic receivers and seismicacoustic source in places in the pipes.

The proposed method for seismoacoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures can be carried out in the device described below.

FIG. 1 shows a device for seismoacoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures. FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of a buried building structure made by the “wall in the ground” method. FIG. 3a) and b) examples of the results of processing the measurement data of the seismoacoustic control of the “wall in the soil” structure in the form of kinematic sections of seismoacoustic tomography are presented.

Initially, a trench is developed in the ground under the structure "wall in the ground" and a metal reinforcement cage is installed in it, into which hollow thin-walled pipes 1 and 2 are installed at a distance of 3 to 12 meters from each other, closed with plugs 3 from the lower end and a height equal to the depth of the “wall in the ground” structure, which are attached to the reinforcing cage. Concreting of the structure "wall in the ground" 4 is carried out by pouring the concrete mixture into the trench and ensuring the setting and hardening of the concrete mixture.

The device includes two hollow pipes 1 and 2, each of which is closed with a plug 3 from the lower end, installed in the structure "wall in the ground" 4. Pipes 1 and 2 are filled with water. A seismoacoustic source 5 is introduced into the first hollow pipe 1, made with the ability to move along the entire length of the pipe 1, a string 6 with seismoacoustic receivers 7 is introduced into the second hollow pipe 2, configured to move along the pipe 2, while seismic acoustic receivers 7 are located in the string 6 at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters from each other. The seismoacoustic source 5 is connected and synchronized with the seismoacoustic receivers 7 by means of a digital seismoacoustic station 8, which records the signals received by the seismoacoustic receivers 7 when seismoacoustic waves pass through the hardened concrete environment of the “wall in the ground” structure 4. After tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic section in the vertical plane of the structure 4, decisions are made to eliminate the identified defects in concreting 9 of the structure "wall in the ground" 4.

The proposed method of seismoacoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures is carried out in the described device as follows.

Initially, a trench is developed in the ground under the structure of the "wall in the ground" and a metal reinforcement cage is installed in it, into which hollow thin-walled pipes 1 and 2 are installed at a distance of 3-12 meters from each other, closed with plugs 3 from the lower end and a height equal to the depth structures "wall in the ground", which are attached to the reinforcement cage. Concreting of the structure "wall in the ground" 4 is carried out by pouring the concrete mixture into the trench and ensuring the setting and hardening of the concrete mixture.

After the concrete mixture has hardened, water is poured into the hollow pipes 1 and 2 and a seismic acoustic source 5 is introduced into the first hollow pipe 1, made with the ability to move along the entire length of the pipe 1, a garland 6 with seismoacoustic receivers 7, made with the ability to move, is introduced into the second hollow pipe 2 along the pipe 2, while in the garland 6 seismoacoustic receivers 7 are located at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters from each other. Then the seismoacoustic source 5 generates seismoacoustic waves at various points of the first hollow pipe 1 due to its movement at intervals over a distance of 0.5 to 4 meters along the length of the pipe 1, while the seismoacoustic source 5 is connected and synchronized with the seismoacoustic receivers 7 by means of a digital seismoacoustic station 8, which records the signals received by seismoacoustic receivers 7 during the passage of seismoacoustic waves through the hardened concrete environment of the structure "wall in the ground" 4.

Measurements are made using a system of intersecting beams in the fan-shaped transmission version with the above step between the seismic receivers and the source positions, as well as changing the garland 6 with seismic receivers 7 and seismic acoustic source 5 places in pipes 1 and 2. Based on work experience, taking into account the level of noise at construction sites , to obtain representative material, the distance between hollow pipes should not exceed 15 m.

Interpretation of measurement data is carried out in the form of seismoacoustic tomography, which significantly increases the detail and resolution of studies of complex, low-contrast media.

The technological process of processing and interpretation of well log data consists of two main stages: preliminary processing, which includes the process of separating the arrivals of longitudinal waves and tomographic processing. In this case, the basis for processing are seismograms of seismic records obtained from each discrete position of the source of excitation of seismoacoustic waves 5 during transmission of structure 4 between pipes 1 and 2.

Ultimately, the processing of seismoacoustic tomography materials is reduced to obtaining kinematic sections (Fig. 3), characterizing the features of the structure of the continuity of the structure "wall in the ground" 4. At the same time, the areas in which the quality of the tested works for some reason does not correspond to the design (defects 9 ), stand out well in the kinematic sections.

After tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic section in the vertical plane and a calculated section according to the strength parameter of the hardened concrete medium of the structure 4, decisions are made on the options for eliminating the identified concreting defects 9 of the “wall in the ground” structure 4, then the hollow pipes are eliminated by filling them with concrete.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2439621, publ. from 10.01.2012, Bul. # 1.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1354147, publ. from 11/23/1987.

3. Application for invention of the Russian Federation No. 5033943, publ. from 27.12.1996.

4. Filatov A.L. "Construction of structures by the method of wall in the ground". Kiev: Alarm clock, 1976, p. 143.

5. RF patent No. 2354779, publ. from 10.05.2009, Bul. No. 13.

6. USSR author's certificate No. 251890, publ. from 10.09.1969, Bul. No. 28.

7. RF patent No. 2367742, publ. from 20.09.2009, Bul. # 26 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A method of seismic-acoustic quality control of concreting of buried building structures, which consists in identifying defects in concreting of buried reinforced concrete and concrete structures based on recording the speed of propagation of seismic waves, while quality control of concreting is carried out in a hardened concrete mixture, characterized in that the quality of concreting is carried out in building structures, erected by the "wall in the ground" method, for which they initially develop a trench in the ground under the "wall in the ground" structure and install a metal reinforcing frame in it, into which hollow thin-walled pipes are installed at a distance of 3 to 12 meters from each other, closed with a plug from the lower end and a height equal to the depth of the “wall in the ground” structure, which are attached to the reinforcement cage, concreting the structure “wall in the ground” by pouring concrete mixture into the trench and ensure the setting and curing of the concrete mixture in the armature round frame, after the concrete mixture has hardened, water is poured into the hollow pipes and a seismic acoustic source is introduced into the first hollow pipe, made with the ability to move along the entire length of the pipe, a garland with seismoacoustic receivers is introduced into the second hollow pipe, made with the ability to move along the length of the pipe, while in a garland, seismoacoustic receivers are placed at a distance of 0.5 to 5 meters between themselves, then the seismoacoustic source generates seismoacoustic waves at various points of the first hollow pipe by moving it at intervals through a distance of 0.5 to 4 meters along the length of the pipe, with In this case, the seismoacoustic source is connected and synchronized with seismoacoustic receivers by means of a digital seismoacoustic station, which records signals received by seismoacoustic receivers when seismoacoustic waves pass through the hardened concrete medium, cross registration of signals is performed, changing a garland with seismic receivers and a seismic acoustic source in places in the pipes, and at the final stage, after tomographic processing of information in the form of a kinematic section in the vertical plane of the hardened concrete medium, decisions are made on the options for eliminating the identified defects in the concreting of the “wall in the ground” structure, then the hollow pipes by filling them, while the specified cycle of work is carried out along the entire length of the erected "wall in the ground" or its section as it is manufactured.

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