RU2564715C1 - Screenless device for pre-sizing of coal and ores - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: screenless device for pre-sizing of coal or ores contains the frame separating the surface and the regulator of tilt angle of the separating surface. The separating surface is installed at the angle to horizon within 45-75° and implemented in the form of the wear-resistant metal sheet with the bend in the top part for hinged fixing of the sheet on the frame and the bend in the lower part for execution of throwing up of large pieces. Along the whole length of the sheet the cross elements in the form of fittings with the diameter 15-20 mm are fixed with equally spaced intervals. The sheet length is twice greater than its width.

EFFECT: increase of productivity and increase of service life of the device.

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Description

The invention relates to the processing and enrichment of minerals and can be used in the mining and construction industries, where the separation of large pieces from small pieces in the source material is required.

Currently, processing ore and coal enterprises use screens for this purpose, equipped with scattering surfaces in the form of grates or screens.

But all known designs of screens equipped with scattering surfaces have significant drawbacks - the rapid wear of scattering surfaces due to abrasive materials, and frequent blocking of holes with difficult grains and foreign objects. Therefore, during operation of these screens, frequent stops are required to clean the screens, which reduces production productivity, and frequent replacement of worn screens increases the cost of production.

In addition, the vibration and drum screens used in the production have a complex device, a large mass and a high price of 3.5 million rubles per screen.

Therefore, in order to reduce the cost of production and the stable operation of production, it is necessary to develop designs of meshedless devices for classifying source material.

A known construction of a screenless screen (RF patent No. 2382684 publ. February 27, 2010, bull. No. 6), which is a short wide belt conveyor installed at an angle of inclination to the horizon of about 45 °.

But it has a number of significant drawbacks: the rapid wear of the rubber band, longitudinal stripes, roller chain and sprocket wheels. But since the principle of segregation is used at the heart of his work, he is the prototype of the proposed device.

The aim of the present invention is to develop a simple design of an insensitive device that does not require power consumption and has a long life without significant ongoing and preventive repairs.

According to the invention, the goal is achieved in that the proposed insensitive device is a sheet of hard-wearing metal, smoothly curved in the upper lower part in opposite directions at an angle of 110 °. The middle part of the sheet is a straight surface mounted in space with the possibility of changing the angle to the horizon within 30-60 °. Along the entire length of the straight surface of the sheet, metal strips of rectangular section 40 × 60 mm are fixed at an equal distance from each other. This sheet is a separating surface for the starting material in size, and metal strips are necessary to slow down the speed of small particles contained in the starting material.

In the upper part of the sheet, bending is necessary for the convenience of hinging the sheet in space. Bending at the bottom of the sheet is necessary to create a semblance of a springboard, which throws up large pieces of the source material up to give them the flight path before shipping them to the hopper.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing (Fig. 1).

The proposed non-screening device for preliminary screening of coal or ores consists of a metal sheet 1 smoothly curved in the upper lower part at an angle of 110 °, a hinge assembly 2, transverse strips 3 fixed to the surface of the sheet, support frame 4, two springs 5.

The proposed non-screening device for preliminary screening of coal or ores works as follows.

The source material containing large and small pieces is fed by a conveyor belt 6 directly to the surface of the curved sheet 1 to the center of the upper bend 7. Sheet 1 has an angle of inclination to the horizon in the range of 30-65 °, which is determined experimentally depending on the material properties. On the surface of the sheet 1 along its entire length 5-6 transverse strips of rectangular section 40 × 60 mm are fixed at an equal distance from each other. For effective operation of the device (that is, for the cleanliness of separation of small particles from large pieces), the length of the sheet should be two times its width, which allows to give a large speed to large pieces and sufficiently reduce (slow down) the speed of small particles.

Large pieces have a large mass and, colliding with sheet 1, as a result of the response force of the sheet, are pushed onto the surface of the layer of small particles and begin to move down with acceleration, without encountering significant resistance from the side of small particles, on the surface of which they move down . In the lower part of sheet 1, the speed of large pieces almost reaches the speed of free fall, therefore, on the lower bend of sheet 8, large pieces take off as a result of the accumulated kinetic energy, as from a springboard, fly along a long path and fall into the hopper 9, designed for large pieces coal or ore.

Small particles of the starting material have small masses, as a result of which, arriving on sheet 1, they do not receive a sufficient response of the sheet upon impact, therefore they remain on the surface of the sheet and move downward, experiencing frictional resistance, which is why 3-4 times less than the speed of large pieces. In addition, transverse stripes are installed along the path of the movement of small particles along the entire length of the sheet, inhibiting their downward movement. As a result, small particles, approaching the lower bend 8 of sheet 1, have a speed of movement that is about 5-6 times lower than the speed of large pieces.

Therefore, they do not come off the surface of the sheet 1 and fall down into the hopper 10, designed for small particles. Small particles and large pieces are separately unloaded from the hoppers by belt conveyors and fed for further processing according to the production technology.

Regulation of the separation boundary of the source material by size is carried out by changing the angle of inclination of the sheet 1 by two springs 5, by selecting springs of various lengths or by means of gaskets 11 installed in the lower glass 12. The springs 5 with their lower end are exposed in the lower glass 12, and the upper end abuts against the upper glass 13. Therefore, if you install a longer spring in the glasses or add gaskets to the lower glass, the angle of inclination of sheet 1 will change, and with a change in the angle of inclination, the speed of movement of the material will change. The greater the speed of the material, the smaller and smaller will be the material in the hopper 10, designed for small material, and vice versa.

Springs 5 perform two functions: they absorb shock of large pieces on sheet 1 and after each strong blow they continue to make damped vibrations of sheet 1 for some time, i.e. are kind of vibrators. The presence of vibrations of the sheet 1 increases the productivity and efficiency of the device.

The upper part of the sheet 1 is pivotally mounted on the frame 4. The hinge is a pipe 14 welded to the sheet 1, and an axis 15 is inserted in the pipe, the ends of which are supported on the frame 4.

The estimated productivity of the proposed screen with a sheet width of 1 1600 mm and a length of 3200 mm is 1000-1200 t / h.

According to the calculation of the details of which the proposed device consists, its price will be about 300 thousand rubles, which is about 10 times cheaper than drum screens of the GZ type of the same capacity.

The proposed device during its operation does not require the consumption of any type of energy and has low operating costs.

Sheet 1 experiences loads during the operation of the screen about a hundred times less than the loads on the lining plates of jaw crushers. The service life of lining plates made of manganese steel or hardened cast iron is 6 months [1]. Therefore, if sheet 1 is made of these materials, then the life of the device will be 40-50 years.

The life of the device with a steel sheet thickness of 20 mm from steel of the art. 3 will be 7-8 years, since its surface wears out slightly, due to the fact that the sheet is constantly protected from impacts of large pieces by a layer of small particles.

Clogging of the device by various foreign objects is excluded.

The most worn part of the device is the top of sheet 1, so it should be made interchangeable as it wears.

The annual economic effect from the introduction of one proposed device into production will be approximately 4.5 million rubles / year.

Thus, the goal of the invention is achieved: the proposed device has high performance, long life and allows you to without sieves to divide the source material into two classes of fineness. The design of the proposed device is very simple, so it can be made in the mechanical shop of any processing plant.

Literature

1. Perov V.A., Andreev E.E., Bilenko L.F. Crushing, grinding and screening of minerals. - M.: Nedra, 1990.

Claims (1)

An insensitive device for preliminary classification by grain size of coal or ores, having a frame, a mechanism for adjusting the angle of inclination of the separating surface, characterized in that the separating surface is set at an angle to the horizon within 45-75 ° and is made in the form of a sheet of hard-wearing metal having a bend in the upper parts for hinging the sheet to the frame and bending in the lower part to toss large pieces, while transverse elements are fixed along the entire length of the sheet at an equal distance from each other enty in the form of reinforcement with a diameter of 15-20 mm, and the length of the sheet is twice as long as its width.

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