KR100787777B1 - Improved gas detection and ventilation system for boil-off gas treating facility in the confined room - Google Patents
Improved gas detection and ventilation system for boil-off gas treating facility in the confined room Download PDFInfo
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- KR100787777B1 KR100787777B1 KR1020070023440A KR20070023440A KR100787777B1 KR 100787777 B1 KR100787777 B1 KR 100787777B1 KR 1020070023440 A KR1020070023440 A KR 1020070023440A KR 20070023440 A KR20070023440 A KR 20070023440A KR 100787777 B1 KR100787777 B1 KR 100787777B1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
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Abstract
Description
도 1 은 본 발명에 따른 흐름을 보인 블록예시도1 is a block diagram showing a flow according to the present invention
도 2 는 본 발명의 설치상태를 보인 예시도2 is an exemplary view showing an installation state of the present invention
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
(10) : 가스감지기 (20) : 강제배기팬(10): gas detector (20): forced exhaust fan
(30) : 밀폐된 공간 (40) : 공기배출구(30): enclosed space (40): air outlet
(50) : 공기유입구 (60) : 모터룸50: air inlet (60): motor room
본 발명은 보일오프가스 활용설비의 밀폐공간내 누출가스 감지방법에 관한 것으로, 보일오프가스(BOG, Boil Off Gas)를 압축하여 연료로 사용하거나, 재액화를 위하여 LNG 운반선 또는, 육상 및 해상설비 내에 설치된 밀폐된 공간에서의 가스누출을 신속하게 감지 및 강제 환기시켜 폭발위험성을 미연에 방지할 수 있는 보 일오프가스 활용설비의 밀폐공간내 누출가스 감지방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to a method for detecting leaking gas in a confined space of a boiler off gas utilization facility, and compresses a boiler off gas (BOG) to be used as fuel or an LNG carrier for reliquefaction, or an onshore and offshore facility. The present invention relates to a method for detecting leakage gas in a confined space of a boiler-off gas utilization facility that can quickly detect and compulsory gas leakage in an enclosed space to prevent explosion risk.
일반적으로, 액화 천연가스 운반선(LNG선) 및 액화 천연가스의 보일오프 가스를 이용하는 육상 및 해상설비는 외부의 열침투로 인하여 자연발생되는 액화 천연가스의 보일오프 가스를 압축하여, 추진기관 혹은 전력발생장치의 연료로 사용하거나, 보일오프 가스를 재액화하여 사용하고 있으며, 이를 위한 별도의 장치 즉, 보일오프가스 압축장치 또는 재액화장치가 더 설치되어 있다. In general, onshore and offshore facilities using liquefied natural gas carriers (LNG ships) and voile-off gas of liquefied natural gas compresses the boil-off gas of liquefied natural gas that is naturally generated by external heat penetration, thereby promoting propulsion engines or electric power. It is used as a fuel of the generator, or by reliquefying the boyil off gas, and a separate device for this, that is, the boyil off gas compression device or reliquefaction device is further installed.
상기와 같은 보일오프가스 압축장치 또는 재액화장치는 보호 및 격리를 위하여 별도의 밀폐된 공간 내에 설치되며, 이러한 밀폐된 공간 내에는 폭발위험성을 방지하기 위하여 공간내의 가스를 주기적으로 포집하여 가연성 기체의 농도를 측정하고 있다. 즉, 통상 카고 컴프레서룸, 밸브룸 및 펌프 룸 등과 같이 밀폐된 공간 내에는 가스를 주기적으로 포집하여 가연성 기체의 농도를 측정하고 있다. The boiler-off gas compressor or reliquefaction device as described above is installed in a separate enclosed space for protection and isolation. In such a closed space, the gas in the space is periodically collected to prevent the explosion hazard. The concentration is measured. In other words, gas is periodically collected in a closed space such as a cargo compressor room, a valve room, and a pump room to measure the concentration of flammable gas.
그러나, 상기와 같은 종래의 포집방법에 의한 누출감지는 포집된 기체를 분석하는데 약 30∼60초 정도가 소요되어 가연성 기체의 즉각적인 감지가 불가능하다. However, the leak detection by the conventional collection method as described above takes about 30 to 60 seconds to analyze the collected gas and thus it is impossible to immediately detect the flammable gas.
즉, 컴프레서룸 내에 2개의 가스포집관이 설치되어 있으며, 상기 가스포집관은 튜브에 의해 가스감지장치까지 연결되도록 되어 있으나, 상기 가스감지장치는 거주구 즉, 상기 별도로 밀폐된 공간인 컴프레서룸에서 약 50∼100m 정도 거리를 유지하는 거주구에 설치되어 있으므로, 가스포집관을 통해 가스감지장치까지 도달하는 시간은 약 30초에서 60초 정도가 소요되고 있다. That is, two gas collecting pipes are installed in the compressor room, and the gas collecting pipes are connected to the gas detecting device by a tube, but the gas detecting device is located in the residence, that is, the compressor room which is a separate enclosed space. Since it is installed in the residential quarter which keeps the distance of about 50-100m, it takes about 30 to 60 seconds to reach the gas detection device through the gas collection pipe.
이와 같은 가스감지 소요시간은 2기압 미만의 컴프레서 토출압력을 구비하는 통상적인 LNG 운반선에 적용할 경우 큰 문제점은 없으나, 이종연료디젤엔진, 재액화장치, 가스터빈엔진, 고압이종연료디젤엔진 등이 탑재된 LNG 선은 조업압력이 각각 6 기압, 8기압, 40기압 및 250기압까지 다양하므로, 기존 방법과 같이 누출가스 감지에 대략 30초에서 60초 정도가 소요되게 되면 많은 양의 가연성 기체들이 밀폐된 공간 내에 퍼지게 되므로, 매우 위험한 상황에 직면할 수 있게 되는 등 여러 가지 문제점이 있었다. This gas detection time is not a big problem when applied to a conventional LNG carrier having a compressor discharge pressure of less than 2 atm, but a heterogeneous fuel diesel engine, a reliquefaction apparatus, a gas turbine engine, and a high pressure heterogeneous fuel diesel engine are used. Onboard LNG carriers have operating pressures ranging from 6 atm, 8 atm, 40 atm and 250 atm, respectively, so that when it takes about 30 to 60 seconds to detect leaking gas as in the conventional method, a large amount of flammable gases are sealed. Since it is spread in the existing space, there are various problems such as being able to face a very dangerous situation.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 그 목적은 이종연료디젤엔진, 재액화장치, 가스터빈엔진, 고압이종연료디젤엔진 등이 탑재되어 고압으로 조업하는 LNG 선 또는 육상/해상설비의 컴프레서룸, 밸브룸, 펌프룸과 같이 밀폐된 공간에서의 누출가스를 신속하게 감지하여 이를 강제적으로 환기시킬 수 있는 보일오프가스 활용설비의 밀폐공간내 누출가스 감지장치 배치 및 감지방법을 제공하는 것이다. The present invention is to solve the above problems, the purpose of the heterogeneous fuel diesel engine, reliquefaction apparatus, gas turbine engine, high-pressure heterogeneous fuel diesel engine, etc., operating at high pressure LNG ship or land / offshore equipment It is to provide a leak gas detection device arrangement and detection method in the confined space of the boiler-off gas utilization facility that can quickly detect the leaked gas in the enclosed space such as the compressor room, the valve room, and the pump room and forcibly vent it. .
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 밀폐된 공간 내에 누출된 가스의 감지와 연동하여 2대의 강제배기팬을 동시에 가동하여 밀폐된 공간을 강제로 환기시킴으로써, 가연성 가스의 확산 및 폭발위험을 줄일 수 있는 보일오프가스 활용설비의 밀폐공간내 누출가스 환기장치 배치 및 환기방법을 제공하는 것이다. Another object of the present invention by operating two forced exhaust fans at the same time in conjunction with the detection of the leaked gas in the closed space forcibly ventilated the closed space, the boyil off can reduce the risk of spreading and explosion of flammable gas It is to provide a leak gas ventilator arrangement and ventilation method in the closed space of the gas utilization facilities.
도 1 은 본 발명에 따른 흐름을 보인 블록예시도를, 도 2 는 본 발명의 설치상태를 보인 예시도를 도시한 것으로, 본 발명은 액화 천연가스 운반선 및 액화천연가스의 보일오프 가스를 이용하는 육상 및 해상설비에 있어서, 외부의 열침투로 자연 발생되는 액화천연가스의 보일오프 가스(BOG, Boil Off Gas)를 압축하여, 추진기관 혹은 전력발생장치의 연료로 사용하거나, 보일오프 가스를 재액화하기 위해 설치된 장치를 보호 및 격리시키고자 설치되는 컴프레서룸, 밸브룸, 펌프룸과 같이 밀폐된 공간 내에 2대 이상의 직접방식 가스감지기(10)를 설치하고, 상기 직접방식 가스감지기(10)와 연동되어 작동되는 2대의 강제배기팬(20)을 밀폐된 공간(30)내 일측 즉, 공기배출구(40)와 연통되도록 각각 설치하여, 직접방식에 의해 누출가스를 감지하고, 이를 통해 2대의 강제배기팬을 가동하여 밀폐된 공간에 대한 강제환기를 신속하게 시킬 수 있도록 되어 있다. 1 is a block diagram showing the flow according to the present invention, Figure 2 shows an exemplary view showing the installation state of the present invention, the present invention is a land using the liquefied natural gas carrier ship and the boil-off gas of liquefied natural gas And offshore facilities, compressing boil off gas (BOG) of liquefied natural gas naturally generated by external heat penetration and using it as fuel of a propulsion engine or power generating device, or reliquefying boil off gas Two or more
즉, 본 발명은 누출된 가연성 가스를 가스감지기에 의해 감지하는 감지단계(S100)와, 상기 가스감지기에 감지된 가연성 가스의 감지가스값과 미리 설정 입력한 설정값을 대비하는 대비단계(S200)와, 상기 감지가스값이 설정값 이상일 경우, 이를 경보알람을 작동함과 동시에 밀폐된 공간 내에 설치된 2대의 강제배기팬을 동시에 가동시키는 강제환기단계(S300)와, 상기 2대의 강제배기팬에 의한 강제환기에 따라 가스감지기에 의해 밀폐된 공간 내 가스를 감지하는 가스 재감지단계(S400)와, 상기 재감지된 감지가스값이 설정값 미만으로 감지될 경우, 경보를 해제하고 2대의 강제배기팬 가동을 중지시키는 팬 정지단계(S500)로 이루어져 있다. That is, the present invention detects the leaked flammable gas by the gas detector (S100), and contrast step (S200) for comparing the detected gas value of the combustible gas detected by the gas detector with a preset input value And, if the detected gas value is more than the set value, by operating the alarm alarm and at the same time the forced ventilation step (S300) for simultaneously operating the two forced exhaust fan installed in the closed space, by the two forced exhaust fan Gas redetection step (S400) for detecting the gas in the closed space by the gas detector according to the forced ventilation and, if the detected value of the detected gas is less than the set value, the alarm is released and two forced exhaust fans It consists of a fan stop step (S500) to stop the operation.
상기 감지단계(S100)는 컴프레서룸, 밸브룸, 펌프룸과 같이 밀폐된 공간 내 에 설치된 직접방식의 가스감지기에 의해 누출가스의 양을 감지한다. 이때, 상기 가스감지기는 IGC Code(International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk)에서 승인된 직접감지방식인 Ex-D급의 가스감지기를 2대 이상 설치한다. The sensing step (S100) detects the amount of leaking gas by a direct gas detector installed in a closed space such as a compressor room, a valve room, a pump room. At this time, the gas detector is installed at least two gas detectors of the Ex-D class, a direct detection method approved by the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code).
상기 대비단계(S200)는 가스감지기에 의해 감지된 누출가스량과 미리 설정된 값을 대비하는 것으로, 상기 설정값은 폭발위험성을 배제하기 위하여 가연성 가스 폭발하한값의 약 30%에 해당되는 설정값을 설정한다. The contrast step (S200) is to compare the amount of leak gas detected by the gas detector with a preset value, the set value is set to the set value corresponding to about 30% of the lower limit of the flammable gas explosion to exclude the explosion risk .
상기 설정값은 가스폭발 하한계의 약 30%에 해당되므로, 이를 대기중의 농도로 환산하면, 약 1.5vol% 에 해당되어 실제 폭발은 일어나지 않는 농도이나, LNG선의 주성분인 메탄은 대기 중에서 약 5vol%∼15vol% 사이에 위치할 경우, 폭발이 일어나게 되므로, 본 발명이 6기압에서 250 기압의 고압조업되는 LNG 선에 적용되는 것임을 감안할 경우, 누출 후 가연성 가스가 즉각 폭발하한계를 넘어 폭발 가능한 영역까지 도달하게 되므로, 이를 방지하기 위해서는 설정값을 누출가스 폭발하한계의 약 30%에 해당되는 값으로 하는 것이 바람직하다. Since the set value corresponds to about 30% of the lower limit of the gas explosion, when converted to the concentration in the atmosphere, it corresponds to about 1.5 vol%, so that the concentration does not actually occur, but methane, the main component of LNG carriers, is about 5 vol in the atmosphere. When located between% and 15 vol%, an explosion occurs, so that the present invention is applicable to LNG vessels operated at high pressure of 6 at 250 atmospheres, where the flammable gas may explode immediately beyond the lower explosion limit after leakage. In order to prevent this, it is preferable to set the set value to a value corresponding to about 30% of the lower limit of the explosion risk of leakage gas.
상기 강제환기단계(S300)는 가스감지기에 의해 감지된 누출량이 설정값보다 크거나 같을 경우, 폭발 위험성 도달에 따른 장치의 비상정지를 방지하기 위한 것으로, 감지된 누출가스값이 가스 폭발 하한값의 30% 이상일 경우, 경고알람 등을 통해 이를 외부로 알리고, 이와 연동하여 밀폐된 공간 내에 설치되어 있는 2대의 강제배기팬을 강제로 가동시킨다. 이와 같이 2대의 강제배기팬을 강제로 가동시킬 경우, 밀폐된 공간에 대한 급속한 환기가 이루어지므로, 밀폐된 공간 내에서의 누 출가스량은 가스폭발 하한값 미만으로 급속하게 줄어들게 된다. 즉, 상기 2대의 강제배기팬 중, 일측 강제배기팬은 항시 작동되고 있으며, 상기 감지된 누출가스량이 설정값 이상일 경우, 나머지 강제배기팬을 강제 가동시켜 밀폐된 공간을 신속하게 환기시킨다. The forced ventilation step (S300) is to prevent the emergency stop of the device according to the explosion risk when the leak amount detected by the gas detector is greater than or equal to the set value, the detected leak gas value is 30 of the lower limit of gas explosion If it is more than%, it informs the outside through a warning alarm, etc., and in conjunction with this, forcibly operates two forced exhaust fans installed in an enclosed space. When two forced exhaust fans are forcibly operated in this way, since the rapid ventilation is performed in the closed space, the amount of leakage gas in the closed space is rapidly reduced to less than the lower limit of gas explosion. That is, one of the two forced exhaust fans, the one side forced exhaust fan is always operating, if the detected amount of leakage gas is more than the set value, the remaining forced exhaust fan is forcibly operated to quickly ventilate the enclosed space.
상기 강제배기팬은 상시 시간당 밀폐된 공간 부피의 약 30회의 부피를 환기할 수 있는 용량을 구비하고 있으며, 배기되는 기체가 다시 밀폐된 공간으로 유입되지 않도록 되어 있다. 상기와 같은 강제배기팬의 용량은 IGC Code 에서 규정한 팬용량에 따라 설정한 것이다. The forced exhaust fan has a capacity to vent about 30 times the volume of the sealed space per hour at all times, and the gas to be exhausted does not flow back into the sealed space. The capacity of the forced exhaust fan as described above is set according to the fan capacity prescribed by the IGC Code.
또한, 상기 밀폐된 공간내에는 2 대의 강제배기팬 이외에 보조용으로 별도의 강제배기팬을 더 설치할 수 있다. In addition, in the enclosed space, a separate forced exhaust fan may be further installed in addition to the two forced exhaust fans.
상기 가스 재감지단계(S400)는 강제환기에 따른 밀폐된 공간내의 누출가스량을 재감지하는 것으로, 2대의 강제배기팬 동시가동에 따라 환기가 이루어지고 있는 밀폐공간내의 누출가스량이 직접방식 가스감지기에 의해 신속하게 재감지된다. The gas re-sensing step (S400) is to re-detect the amount of leaking gas in the closed space according to the forced ventilation, the amount of leaking gas in the sealed space that is ventilated according to the simultaneous operation of the two forced exhaust fans to direct gas detector Is quickly rediscovered.
상기 팬 정지단계(S500)는 재감지된 가스감지값과 설정값을 다시 대비한 후, 감지값이 설정값보다 미만일 경우, 가동되고 있는 12대의 강제배기팬을 정지시킨다. The fan stop step (S500) is to compare the re-detected gas detection value and the set value again, and if the detected value is less than the set value, and stop the 12 forced exhaust fans that are running.
본 발명은 상술한 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 청구범위 기재의 범위 내에 있게 된다.The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims.
이와 같이 본 발명은 직접감지방식의 가스감지기에 의해 누출가스를 즉시 감지 및 확인할 수 있으며, 가스감지기에 연동하여 2대의 강제배기팬을 가동시킴으로써, 밀폐된 공간을 신속하게 강제환기시킬 수 있다.As described above, the present invention can immediately detect and confirm the leaked gas by the gas sensor of the direct sensing method, and by operating two forced exhaust fans in conjunction with the gas sensor, it is possible to quickly forcibly vent the enclosed space.
또한, 본 발명은 컴프레서룸, 밸브룸, 모터룸 등과 같은 밀폐된 공간의 신속한 환기를 통해 가연성 가스의 누출로 인한 폭발위험성을 저감시키는 효과가 있다. In addition, the present invention has the effect of reducing the explosion risk due to the leakage of flammable gas through the rapid ventilation of the closed space, such as compressor room, valve room, motor room.
또한, 본 발명은 이종연료디젤엔진, 가스터빈엔진, 재액화장치 등이 탑재되어 조업압력이 각각 6 기압에서 250기압까지의 고압으로 운전되는 LNG 선에 적용되어 고압으로 인한 가스누출의 폭발한계값 도달을 방지할 수 있는 등 많은 효과가 있다. In addition, the present invention is equipped with a heterogeneous fuel diesel engine, a gas turbine engine, a reliquefaction apparatus, etc., and the operating pressure is applied to an LNG ship operating at a high pressure of 6 to 250 atmospheres, respectively, so that an explosion limit value of gas leakage due to high pressure is provided. There are many effects, such as being able to prevent reaching.
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JP2009552585A JP5114505B2 (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2008-03-05 | Leakage gas detection method in gas danger area of gas carrier |
CN200880005484A CN101622651A (en) | 2007-03-09 | 2008-03-05 | Method of detecting gas in gas leakage risk area around gas storage system |
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