JPS63171701A - Dust tamping machine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dust compactor, in particular an aircraft or spacecraft dust compactor.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Handling the large amount of waste material generated during the flight of passenger transport aircraft has long been a major concern for flight attendants. The production of wide-body jet aircraft with very high passenger density configurations has exacerbated this problem from a flight safety standpoint as well as poor in-flight service. The conventional method of disposing of waste onboard passenger transport aircraft is
Laminated paperboard boxes and plastic bags are used with dust bins or dust wheels, but these require a large amount of space for storage. Often, when the main dust storage area becomes full, a plastic bag or paper bag with a plastic container is used to collect excess dust. These containers of excess dust are often placed during the flight in galley areas, lavatories, and even behind the last row of passenger seats or in empty seats. Dust bins filled with such dust are not only unsightly, but also pose a significant risk of starting a fire onboard the aircraft as highly flammable dust and other ignition sources may be thrown into it. Random. Additionally, an overfilled dust container may block or impede escape in an emergency.

During a typical 5-hour flight (e.g., from Hawaii to California, or a transcontinental flight) with the statistically average number of passengers on board a wide-width aircraft, approximately 20 to 30 cubic feet (0.56 to 0.0 .74 square meters) of dust is generated. 1
Longer flight routes lasting up to 5 hours, with multiple meals, snacks, and bar service, generate 80 to 120 cubic feet (2.36 cubic meters) of dust. Will.

The dust compaction machines currently used for residential purposes,
It is not possible to handle large amounts of dust generated on board the aircraft during the service limit during flight.

Such dust compactors are not powered, do not have power, do not have space-saving features, do not provide space-saving features, and even do not meet in-flight service requirements. They don't have enough circulation time to be satisfied.

If dust compactors are used on board an aircraft, they may be located in the aircraft's galley, or in an easily accessible processing area such as a lavatory, or in food and beverages used on board the aircraft. It must be fitted onto a wheelbarrow of the same or similar dimensions as the transport vehicle. Accordingly, such compactors must be relatively small, lightweight, and have a custom configuration that accommodates many suitable mounting locations on aircraft and spacecraft. Current commercial or industrial dust compactors are generally too large and heavy for the above-mentioned purposes and are not suitable for use on aircraft.

In addition, all current dust tamping machines are
It is not possible to meet the important points of ation (8dminis to ration).

Therefore, there is a continuous need for a dust compaction machine that meets the spatial and ergonomic requirements for use in aircraft and spacecraft, and that meets the stringent FAA and/or NASA requirements for such intended use. Demand has continued.

This invention satisfies the above needs.

Kaisho ■! This invention relates to an improved dust compactor particularly suitable for use in aircraft and spacecraft. This dust compaction machine is
To provide a compact, lightweight, and relatively short dust compaction cycle. Furthermore, the dust container filled with compacted dust can be easily removed from the dust compactor of the present invention with minimal manual effort.

A tamping machine according to the invention generally includes a tamping chamber having a housing or cabinet, a tamping chamber within the housing and having a wall and a floor surface for supporting a disposable, self-supporting dust container disposed therein. It includes a device for charging the dust disposed within the container disposed within the compaction chamber, and a power and control system for compacting the dust within the container.

Preferably, the tamping system of the invention is hydraulically actuated, including an extendable ram drive fixed within the housing in its upper portion at one end and having a tamping ram or platen at the other end. Nako's system is
The compaction ram is operative to drive the compaction ram downwardly toward the dust contained within the container. In order to handle large amounts of dust with short cycle times and provide the degree of compaction required for aircraft applications, an extendable ram drive is provided, thereby providing a minimum of 15 psi (1,05 kg)
/cm”), preferably at least 30 psi (
It is designed to provide a force on the tamping ram that ensures that the ram applies a maximum tamping pressure of 2.1 kg/cmJ to the dust. "Compaction pressure" used in this specification
is the value of the shuttle force exerted on the tamping ram divided by the area formed by the contour of the ram's surface in contact with the dust. Ram at least 15psi (1,05kg
/cm2), or 30psi (2.1kg/cm
2) derives the preferred predetermined tamping pressure;
The tamper control system stops extension of the ram drive assembly and then causes the ram drive assembly to retract, thereby withdrawing the ram from the dust container. If the power source is unable to generate the desired compaction pressure, the dust volume reduction will most likely not be suitable for aircraft applications.

Once the dust is compacted with the above magnitude of pressure, a sufficiently high level of pressure will be transferred through the compacted dust to the side of the disposable dust container, so that this dust container and the compaction chamber will A frictional engagement or adhesion occurs between the wall and the adhesion, where this adhesion occurs at relatively low tamping pressures, especially when a large amount of moisture is present in the dust container, especially in dust generated during flight. Hail greater stickiness than can be obtained with a mold tamper. In order to facilitate the removal of a disposable dust-filled container from the tamping chamber, a device is provided which is actuated by the retraction of a ram, thereby creating a relative movement between the disposable dust container and the walls of the tamping chamber. to release the frictional engagement or adhesion, thereby allowing the tamped dust-filled container to be easily removed by hand from the tamping chamber without damaging it.

This airborne dust compactor is constructed from strong, lightweight materials such as titanium alloys and graphite compounds, yet has sufficient tamping capacity to provide rapid circulation times for large amounts of dust. Has solidifying power. The ratio of the power that can be applied to the tamping ram to the tare of the tamping machine is at least 40:1, preferably at least 60:
It is 1.

At the beginning of the tamping operation of the present invention, the ram drive assembly is retracted to place the ram in a raised or ready position. Dust is loaded through a chute in the front of the housing into a disposable, self-supporting dust container located within the tamping chamber.

Once a sufficient amount of dust has accumulated in the container, a hydraulic pump is started to activate the tamping device. A novel control valve system allows high pressure hydraulic fluid from the pump to flow to the ram drive assembly to extend the drive, thereby forcing a ram connected thereto against the dust in the dust container. High pressure hydraulic oil is 15psi (1,05kg/c
m2), the control valve system directs the high pressure hydraulic fluid from the pump back into the retraction system of the drive assembly so that this assembly is not retracted. The ram is then lifted out of the dust bin. When the ram is retracted to the raised position, the switch is tripped, thereby cutting off power to the motor driving the hydraulic pump, thereby terminating high pressure fluid flow to the assembly. An uplock valve is provided in this control valve system to maintain the ram in the raised position until the tamper is operated again.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, one or more of the tamping chambers or walls are hydraulically actuated, thereby moving relative to the dust container to release the adhesion between the tamped dust. A disposable dust container filled with can be easily removed from the tamping chamber.

In another embodiment of the invention, the walls of the tamping chamber slope downwardly and inwardly and an inflatable bag is disposed on the floor thereof, the bag being inflated to fill with dust. As the dust container is pushed upwards, the frictional engagement between the container and the walls of the tamping chamber is released.

In all of the embodiments described above, the preferred hydraulic power source is the same hydraulic power source that operates the ram drive assembly.

A disposable, self-supporting dust container for use in the tamping machine of this invention is assigned to this grant, 198
It is preferred to use a cardboard or board-lined dust container as described and claimed in pending patent application Ser.

These and other advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood from the following description of an exemplary embodiment for explaining the invention, with reference to the drawings.

Reference is now made to FIG. 1, which is a perspective view of a dust compactor embodying aspects of the invention. As shown in this figure, a tamping machine generally includes a housing or cabinet having a control panel 11, a chute 12 for feeding dust into the housing 10, and a chute 12 provided at the front of the housing for loading and unloading a dust container. The door 13 is also included. The door 13 has a latch 14 for opening and closing the door. The particular embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is of transitional design and includes wheels 15 on its lower part and a housing 16 to facilitate its movement.

2 through 5 generally depict the interior of the tamper shown in FIG. As shown, the tamping feed housing 10 generally includes a rigid frame 20 and includes a bottom panel 21, a back panel 22, a side panel 23, a top panel a, and a front panel 25. The housing 10 is provided with a chute 13 which is connected by a hinge 26 to the front panel 25 of the housing 10 for feeding dust into a dust container 30 arranged in a compaction chamber 31 inside the housing 10. It is pivoted. door 1
3. In order to attach and detach the dust container 30, use the hinge 27 (fourth
(see figure) along one side. In order to ensure that the tamper remains inactive unless both chute 12 and door 13 are closed, it is preferred to provide suitable electrical interlocks (not shown) for both chute 12 and door 13.

The working components of the tamping machine generally include a tamping ram drive assembly 32 having a ram 33 fixed at one end thereof, which ram 33 is mounted above the interior of the tamping machine at the other end. Transverse member 3 of the inner frame 20 of the section
Supported by 4. The ram drive value fl body 32 is actuated by high pressure hydraulic fluid from a pump 35 driven by an electric motor 36. Pump 35 and motor 3
6 is supported by a transverse member 37 of the frame 20. A control valve system 3 directs hydraulic fluid to the ram drive assembly 32 and other parts of the compactor to control its operation.

The operation of the ram drive assembly 32 is illustrated in FIGS.
The figures are explained in detail. FIG. 6 shows the extendable portion of the ram drive assembly 32, which portion includes a head portion 41 secured to the cross member 34 and retractable mating portions 42, 43 and 44 in an extended state. include.

As shown schematically in FIG. 13, the power source to the tamper is turned on by pressing power switch 45. When the preparation light 48 of the tamping machine is in the ON state, the start switch 47 is turned on.
Press to start. An electrical control unit, generally designated 50, operates an electric motor 36 which drives pump 35. Pump 35 pumps hydraulic fluid from reservoir 51 through line 52 to control valve system 38 . High pressure hydraulic fluid is first flowed from control valve system 38 through line 53 to head portion 41 of ram drive assembly 32 . The high pressure hydraulic fluid fills the interior chambers 54, 55 and 56 thereby causing the retractable sections to extend in sequence, firstly section 44, secondly section 45 and finally section 46. In this way, Ram 33
The lightest compaction pressure applied by is applied first, and the highest compaction pressure is applied at the end of the cycle. When the hydraulic pressure acting on the upper part of section 44 provides a compaction pressure exceeding a predetermined maximum value, control valve arrangement 38 stops the flow of high pressure hydraulic fluid through line 53 and directs this line to reservoir 51. Discharge line 5
7, thereby stopping the downward movement of ram 33. At the same time, control valve system 38 is activated in line 5.
7 to the outer annular chambers 60, 61 and 62 formed in the overlap of the removable parts 42-44. This high pressure hydraulic fluid first causes section 42 to retract, then section 43 and finally section 44. When these retractable fitting parts are retracted, the inner chamber is 54°55°.
and hydraulic fluid in 56 is flowed through line 53;
Finally, it is sent to a storage tank 51. When the final section 44 is driven to its retracted or raised position (as shown in FIG. 2), the ram 33 activates the trip switch 63, which shuts off power to the motor 36 that operates the pump 35. and thereby complete the tamping cycle. Preferably, an hour block valve 64, shown in FIG. can fall unhindered into the dust container.

As previously mentioned, the extremely high tamping pressure characteristics of the present invention create a tight frictional engagement between the walls of the tamping chamber 31 and the dust container 30 located within the chamber. Devices are provided in the tamper for effecting a relative movement between the walls of the tamping chamber 31 and the container 30 to eliminate or reduce the frictional engagement between them. 2 through 5 and 8 generally illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and 9.1.
0 and 11 show an alternative embodiment in which a relative movement occurs between the tamping chamber 31 and the tamped dust in order to reduce the frictional adhesion between them.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-5 and 8, one of the side walls 65 of the tamping chamber 31 has a hydraulic actuator disposed on the outside thereof and suitably fixed on the inside of the side panel 23. A type piston 66 is provided. Hydraulically operated piston 66
is the pressure applied to the wall 65 when pressure is applied to the inner portion of the wall 65 by the dust container 30 to provide continued support to the sides 67 of the dust container during compaction of the dust within the dust container. It is preferable that the effect be applied so as to increase. The other side walls 68 and 69 remain stationary during compaction of the dust therein and likewise provide support to the container. Upon completion of the tamping cycle, the flow of high pressure hydraulic oil to the piston is terminated and the hydraulic oil therein is released into reservoir 51, thereby reducing the frictional relationship between wall 65 of tamping chamber 31 and side wall 67 of dust container 30. If it is, it will be released. At the completion of the tamping cycle, the container filled with tamped dust is easily removed from the tamping chamber 31 without significant damage to the container 30 and without significant manual effort. The container 30 and the compacted dust therein are then discarded. A new dust container 30 is then inserted into the tamping chamber 31, the door 13 is closed, and the tamping machine is again ready for the next operation.

The embodiment of the tamping machine shown in FIGS. 9, 10 and 11 includes a tamping chamber 31 which tapers downwardly inwards towards the floor 71. An inflatable bag or enclosure 72 is disposed in the floor, which is inflated at the end of the tamping cycle, thereby pushing a dust-filled container 73 out of the tamping chamber, as shown in FIG. 31 and the side wall 74 of the container 73 is released. In this way, the container 73 filled with dust can therefore be easily removed from the door 13 without causing significant damage to the container and without requiring too much manual effort. As in the previous embodiment, the dust container 73 and the compacted dust therein are then discarded.

The new disposable, self-supporting container 73 is then placed in the chamber 31.
is inserted, and the compactor is ready for the next operation.

14 to 18 show the detailed structure of the control valve system. FIG. 14 shows details of the basic system and FIGS. An example of a modification of the control valve system 38 is shown.

The basic aspects of the control valve system 38, detailed in FIG. 4, generally include a spring loaded, hydraulically operated spool valve 80, an uplock valve 64, a pressure relief valve 81, and a hydraulic filter 82.

Spool valve 80 includes a sleeve 83 disposed within support block 84 , a shoulder 86 slidably mounted within sleeve 83 and sealingly and slidably engaged with an inner surface or bore 89 of sleeve 83 . .87 and 88.

A drive hammer 90 is disposed within sleeve 83 at one end of piston 85 which is actuated by high pressure hydraulic oil from line 91. A spring element 92 is biased towards a spring receiver 93 fixed to the other end of the piston.

With piston 85 in the position shown in FIG.
The high pressure hydraulic fluid is pumped through a filter 82 that removes foreign objects from the hydraulic fluid and then through a line 96 into an annular chamber 97 formed by the outer surface of the sleeve 83 and the inner surface of the support block 84 .

Annular chamber 97 has conduits 98 and 99 that pass high pressure hydraulic fluid from chamber 97 to bore 89 of sleeve 83 . Conduits 98 and 99 are orifices and are sized such that a given pressure drop across the orifice is used to control the fluid flow rate. In this way, the rate of extension of the ram drive assembly 32 is controlled by the size of the orifice 98, and the rate of retraction of the assembly is controlled by the size of the orifice 98.
Controlled by 9. When the piston 85 is in the position shown in FIG. Through line 102 high pressure hydraulic fluid flows through line 91 to lamp 90 and through line 103 to ram drive assembly 32 . Line 9 as the ram is pushed towards the dust in container 30
Hydraulic pressure is generated within 1 and 103. line 103
(and therefore line 91) is 15ps
i (1,05 kg/cm2), preferably approximately 30 p
Upon providing a tamping pressure above a predetermined maximum of s i (2.1 kg/cm") or more, the piston 85 overcomes the force of the spring 92 against the piston 85 and the hammer 9
0 to the left. This repositioning of the piston 85 causes the shoulders 86, 87.88 of the piston and the passage 10 to
0,104,105, thereby changing the flow rate of hydraulic fluid through the spool valve 80. The movement of piston 85 is generally in a stepwise manner. The first step caused by hammer 90 pressing against the distal end of piston 85 is a relatively slow release. However, once shoulder 86 is moved a sufficient distance to the left to open conduit 99, the high pressure fluid acting on the large area at the distal end of piston 85 will cause piston 85 to move very quickly to its left position. Move the crab. This step takes place on the order of a few ms. As shown in FIGS. 16 and 18, when piston 85 is pushed to the left position, high pressure hydraulic fluid from annular chamber 97 passes through conduit 99 and fills cavity 106 at the distal end of piston 85. Once filled, the hammer 90 is moved away from the piston, and high pressure hydraulic fluid is then forced into the outer annular chamber 109 through an orifice 107 formed centrally within the piston 85. Line 110 communicates high pressure hydraulic fluid from chamber 109 to amplifier lock valve 64 and finally through line 57 to the hydraulic retraction system of ram drive assembly 32. 1st
With piston 85 in the left position as shown in FIGS. 6 and 18, lines 91, 102 and 103
is connected to the storage tank 5 via the annular passage 100 and the annular chamber 112.
1 and return lines 111 and 57 leading to the same.

Thus, as high pressure hydraulic fluid fills the annular chambers 60-62 to retract the ram drive assembly 32, the inner chambers 54--
Hydraulic fluid in 56 is pumped from these chambers to reservoir 51 via the continuous system described above.

When the ram drive assembly 32 is fully retracted, the ram 33 activates the trip switch 63, which turns off the motor 36 driving the pump 35, thereby terminating the flow of all high pressure hydraulic fluid. . In this state, high pressure is no longer acting on the fluid chamber 106, so the spring 92 pushes the piston 85 back to its original or ready position and the entire control valve system 38 is ready to begin the next tamping cycle.

For uplock valve 64, high pressure line 113 causes spring actuated hammer 114 to hold sealing element 115 of valve 64 against spring 116, thereby maintaining valve 64 open and allowing high pressure hydraulic fluid to ram. Low pressure hydraulic fluid is communicated from the ram drive assembly 32 to the reservoir 51 at the same time as it is communicated to the drive assembly retraction system 63. Only when the pump action ends, i.e. when the ram 33 is pulled into the raised position and the switch 63 is tripped, does the pressure in the line 113 drop to a level;
At this level, spring 116 acting on sealing cap 115 and spring 117 acting on hammer 114 force hammer 114 to the right, thereby allowing sealing cap 115 to close hole 118. This closes the uplock valve 64, but in this case, pressure fluid remains within the cavities 60-62 of the extensible ram drive assembly 32 so that the ram 33 begins another tamping cycle. It is held in the raised position until Relief valve 81 operates in the usual manner. High pressure line 1 from filter 82
20 flows high pressure hydraulic oil into the chamber 121 of the relief valve 81. When the pressure of the fluid in chamber 121 acting against piston 122 exceeds a predetermined maximum level, as determined by the force of spring 123 against piston 122, piston 122 is moved to the left, thereby , completing the communication between the chamber 121 containing the high-pressure hydraulic oil, the annular chamber 1a, and the discharge line 125 which leads the high-pressure hydraulic oil to the storage tank 51 via the lines 111 and 57. When the pressure in chamber 121 becomes lower than a predetermined maximum value, spring 123 pushes piston 122 rightward into chamber 121 and
Prevent fluid flow to 1.

Figures 15 and 16 are similar to Figures 4, 5 and 8.
Illustrating a modification of the spool valve 80 and other elements of the control valve system 38 used in the embodiment shown, a plurality of hydraulically actuated pistons 66 from an annular cavity 101 within the spool valve 80 (Fig. and a line 126 leading to a wall 65 (only one of which is shown in FIG. Release the frictional engagement between. Spool valve 38 and other components of control valve system 38 function essentially as described above. As high pressure hydraulic fluid enters the annular chamber 101 to extend the ram drive assembly 32, lines 126 communicating with the annular chamber conduct high pressure fluid to the pistons 66, which push the wall 65 into the dust receptacle. 30 and at the same time the ram 33 compacts the dust in the container. When the piston 80 moves to the left such that the hydraulic pressure exceeds a level that provides a compaction pressure above a predetermined limit, the flow of high pressure fluid to the piston 66 is terminated;
Line 126 is placed in communication with return line 111 to reservoir 51 .

Figures 17 and 18 show a control valve system 38 for the tamper shown in Figures 9.10 and 11. For most of this system, the control valve system 38
is similar to that of FIGS. 15 and 16, except that when the flow of high pressure fluid to the head portion 41 of the ram drive assembly 32 is terminated, high pressure fluid is flowed through line 131 to close the bag. A check valve 130 is provided to inflate the body 132. The inflated bag 132 shown in FIGS. 18 and 11 is
Pushing the dust container 73 filled with tamped dust upwards releases the cardboard box from the inclined wall 70 of the tamping chamber 31, thereby conveniently removing the dust container 73 from the chamber 31.
Can be taken out easily.

Check valve 130 diverts the pressure of high pressure fluid exerted from line 131 onto shoulder 133 of piston 134 from spring 13.
8 by balancing the force exerted on the piston 134 by . Upon completion of the downward stroke of ram drive assembly 32, the pressure in line 53 is substantially reduced and the pressure in line 136 from uplock valve 64 is substantially increased so that piston 134
5 to the right. High pressure fluid from line 136 passes through longitudinal passage 137 in piston 134;
It then flows through line 131 and inflates bladder 72. When the ram 33 is retracted into the raised position, it activates the trip switch 63 so that the high pressure fluid does not flow through the inlet 136, which is a bag formed of two thin metal plates soldered around the periphery. 132 is in natural contact, squeezing the fluid therein and sending it through line 138 to reservoir 51.

A particularly suitable dust container for use in a tamping machine according to the present invention is disclosed in co-pending patent application no.
, 141 and is claimed in FIGS. 7 and 12 of that specification. One of the main advantages of these containers is that they can be folded and, for use, simply need to be opened and placed in the tamping chamber of a tamping machine. Preferably, these containers are made of cardboard or laminated paperboard and are lined to avoid absorbing liquid, which often adheres to dust. Suitable plastic containers may also be used.

The container shown in FIG. 7 has straight side walls 140 to match the straight walls of the tamping chamber 31 of the tamper embodiments shown in FIGS. Side walls 7 tapered to match the tapered walls of the tamping chamber of the embodiment of the tamping machine shown in FIG.
It has 4. Once these containers (both 30 and 73) are filled with tamped dust, they can be easily removed from the tamping machine with little effort and without damage to the containers, in accordance with what is described in this invention. It can be taken out.

According to the invention, a motor suitable for providing tamping pressure is a three-phase, single
．． 5H, P, electric motor.

The average time of the tamping cycle is approximately 30 seconds.

The compaction ratio (the ratio of the volume of dust at the original point to the compacted volume) generally takes a value of 10:1. Dust container (12” x 16” x 152) filled with compacted dust of the type manufactured for use on aircraft.
(30,5 cm
It is normal that it does not exceed.

It will be clear that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, what is described in this specification is shown as a tamping machine having only one chamber for tamping, but it has only one chamber, as disclosed in previously mentioned Published Patent Application No. 635.141. It is clear that it is possible to provide a compaction machine with a compaction chamber and an accumulation chamber. In that case, it is necessary to provide the tamping chamber with a removable back wall, so that when the tamping operation is finished, this back wall can be removed and a dust-filled container placed behind the tamping chamber. Push it into the stored storage chamber. The removable back wall is then replaced, a new dust container is placed in the tamping chamber, and the tamping machine is ready for operation. Other variations are also possible.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the dust compaction machine of the invention; FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along vA2-2 of FIG. 1 with the compaction ram in the raised or starting position; a certain state,
3 is a partial view similar to FIG. 2 with the ram drive assembly in an extended position; FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 2; 5 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view taken along line 5--5 of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view taken along line 6 of FIG.
-6, FIG. 7 shows a disposable, self-supporting dust container suitable for use with the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-5; FIG. Figure 9 is a front view of the dust compaction machine with the door showing the dust container inside the compaction machine shown in Figures 4 and 5;
Front views of the dust tamper with the door open showing the location of the dust container inside the tamper, Figures 10 and 11 respectively show the floor level of the tamper embodiment shown in Figure 9. Side view and cross-sectional view of the inflatable bag type used above, No. 12
9 is a perspective view of a disposable, self-supporting dust container suitable for use with the embodiment shown in FIG. 9; FIG.
Schematic diagram of the control valve system for operating the tamping machine, No. 14
13 is a cross-sectional view of the control valve system shown in FIG. 13, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are schematic diagrams of a hydraulic power system and control system suitable for the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2-5, respectively. 1 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic power system and control system of FIG. Codes in the diagram: 10...housing, 11...
・Control panel, 12...Chute, 13...Door, 14...Hatch is metal, 15...I [wheel, 1
6...Handle, 20...Frame, 21.
...Bottom panel, 22...Rear panel, 23...
Side panel, a, top panel, 25, front panel, 26.27, hinge, 30, dust container, 31, tamping chamber, 32, tamping ram drive device Assembly, 33... Ram, 34... Lateral member, 35... Pump,
36... Electric motor, 37... Lateral member,
38...Control valve system, 41...Head part, 42.43.44...Input/output type part, 45...Power switch, 46...Part, 47...
Starting switch, 48... Preparation light, 50... Electric control device, 51... Storage tank, 52, 53.57... Line, 54.55.56... Inner chamber, 60.61.62 ...Annular chamber, 63...Trip switch, 65...[, 66...Piston, 67...Side part, 68.69...Side wall, 70
... Wall, 71 ... Floor surface, 72 ... Enclosure, 73 ... Dust-filled container, 74 ... Side part, 80 ... Spool valve, 8
2...filter, 83...sleeve, 84...
...Support block, 85...Piston, 86.87.
88...Shoulder, 89...Inner hole, 90...Hammer, 91...
...Line, 92...Spring element, 93...
Spring element, 96...) In, 97... Annular chamber, 98. 99... Guide path, 100... Annular passage, 101... Annular chamber, 102. 103... Line, 104. 105... passage, 106... void, 107... orifice,
108... passage, 109... annular chamber, 110
... line, 111 ... return line, 113
...Line, 114...Hammer, 115...
- Sealing element, 116... Spring, 117... Spring, 120... High pressure line, 121... Chamber,
122...Piston, 123...Spring,
1a,... annular chamber, 126... line,
130...Check valve, 131...Line,
132...Bag body, 133...Shoulder part, 13
4...Piston, 136...Line, 137
... passage, 138 ... spring, is shown. FIG, l5 FIG, IG FIG, l7 FIG, /8

Claims (1)

Claims: 1. a. A housing having a support frame; b. A disposable, self-supporting dust container for receiving a receiving wall and a disposable, disposed therein;
a dust compaction chamber within said housing having a floor surface supporting a bottom surface of a self-supporting dust container; c. a feeding device for feeding dust into a disposable self-supporting dust container disposed within the compaction chamber; d. an extendable ram drive arranged within the interior of said housing and supported at one end thereof by a support frame of the upper part of the housing and comprising a tamping ram at the other end; e. for tamping dust internally; f. a power device for extending a ram drive driving a tamping ram into a disposable, self-supporting dust container located within the tamping chamber; f. a power device for retracting the ram drive; g. a power control device capable of stopping the extension of the ram drive and retracting the ram drive when the compaction pressure exerted by the ram on the dust exceeds a predetermined pressure; and h. the dust disposed within the compaction chamber. activated when the ram drive is retracted to effect a relative movement between the container and one of the receiving walls or floor surfaces of the tamping chamber, thereby facilitating removal of the dust container from the tamping chamber;
A dust compaction machine including a displacement device for loosening the frictional engagement created between said mutually by compaction of dust therein. 2. A device for detecting oil pressure in the hydraulic power system extending the ram drive, and for stopping extension of the ram drive and retracting the device when the predetermined compaction pressure is at least 15 psi; 2. A dust compaction machine as claimed in claim 1, including a device responsive to an oil pressure sensing device. 3. A dust compaction machine according to claim 2, designed for aircraft or space applications, in which the ratio of the maximum force exerted by the compaction ram to the tare weight of the compaction machine exceeds 40:1. 4. A dust compaction machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a door is disposed on the front side of the housing to facilitate insertion and removal of the dust container into and out of the compaction chamber. 5. The dust tamping machine according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding wall of the tamping chamber tapers inward toward the floor of the chamber. 6. A dust compaction machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein the moving device includes an inflatable bag for effecting the relative movement. 7. A dust compaction machine according to claim 1, wherein a dust charging chute is arranged on the front side of the housing for compacting the dust and feeding it into the chamber. 8. A dust compactor according to claim 1, wherein the moving device includes one or more hydraulic pistons actuated by a hydraulic power unit acting on a movable surrounding wall of the compaction chamber. 9. When the tamping ram compacts the dust in the dust container, one or more hydraulic pistons push the movable surrounding wall towards one side of the dust container. Dust tamping machine. 10. A dust compactor according to claim 9, wherein the relative movement is effected by releasing hydraulic pressure acting on the piston. 11. A dust compaction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic system for holding the ram drive in a raised position above a dust container arranged in the compaction chamber. 12. The dust compactor of claim 1, wherein the ram drive includes a plurality of retractably mated parts. 13. A hydraulic power control device includes a sleeve having a central bore, a piston disposed within the bore having a plurality of shoulders slidably and sealingly engaging a surface of the bore; a four-way spool valve that adjusts the position of the piston within the bore to align the cavity with the conduit associated with the piston and sleeve when the consolidation pressure exceeds a predetermined maximum pressure;
2. A dust compactor as claimed in claim 1, thereby controlling the flow rate of said spool valve. 14. The device for moving the piston within the bore includes a biasing device pressed toward one end of the piston at one end of the bore, and a hammer device disposed at the other end of the bore, the hammer device being hydraulically operated. Driven by hydraulic fluid from the power plant,
and when the hydraulic pressure applied to the hammer exceeds the hydraulic pressure that provides the predetermined maximum compaction pressure, the biasing force applied to the piston by the biasing device is overcome and the piston is moved within the sleeve, thereby causing the sleeve and piston to move. 14. The tamping machine of claim 13, wherein the conduit and cavity are realigned to alter the flow rate of hydraulic fluid therethrough. 15. The tamping machine of claim 1, wherein the power control device includes a device for controlling the extension and retraction speed of the ram drive. 16. a. a housing with a support frame; b. a disposable, self-supporting dust container for receiving a receiving wall and a disposable, disposed therein;
a dust compaction chamber within said housing having a floor surface supporting the bottom surface of the self-supporting dust container; c. a feeding device for conveying dust into a disposable self-supporting dust container arranged in the compaction chamber; d. a hollow head portion disposed within the interior of the housing and supported at one end thereof by a support frame in the upper portion of the housing and provided with a tamping ram at the other end, the elongate portion being attached to the support frame; an extendable ram drive including two retractable mating parts, e. a hydraulic power unit for extending a ram drive for driving a compaction ram into an indoor, disposable, self-supporting dust container; f. a hydraulic power system for retracting the ram drive; g. a device for detecting the working oil pressure in the hydraulic power system for extending the ram drive; h; a compaction pressure exerted on the dust by the ram at 15
A hydraulic power control system responsive to action of an actuation oil pressure sensing device to terminate extension of the ram drive and retract the ram drive when a predetermined maximum pressure greater than psi (1.05 kg/cm^2) is exceeded. Aircraft or spacecraft dust compactors, including: 17. The predetermined maximum pressure is 30psi (2.1kg/
17. A tamping machine as claimed in claim 16, in which the compaction is greater than cm^2). 18. A spool valve system for controlling the flow rate of high pressure fluid from a power source to at least two distinct locations and from the two distinct locations to a receiving means thereof, comprising: a. a cylindrical wall; an elongate sleeve having a bore with a longitudinally open end provided therein; b; an elongate piston disposed within the bore having a plurality of shoulders slidably and sealingly engaged with the bore of the sleeve; c. the outer circumferential surface of the piston forms an annular passage between two of the shoulders and the inner surface of the cylindrical wall; c. communicates with a source of high pressure hydraulic fluid and the inner bore of the sleeve; d, a second conduit means in communication with the receiving means and the inner bore of the sleeve and passing through the wall of the sleeve; e, a second conduit means in communication with the first location and the inner bore of the sleeve and the wall of the sleeve; third conduit means extending through the sleeve, f, a second position and fourth conduit means communicating with the inner bore of the sleeve and penetrating the wall of the sleeve, g, forcing the piston into the first position within the inner bore of the sleeve; a biasing device acting on one end of the piston to move the piston, whereby a first conduit means in communication with a source of high pressure fluid is communicated with a third conduit means through the annular passageway to supply high pressure fluid to the first conduit means; second conduit means feeding the first position and in communication with the receiving means are in communication with the second position to flow fluid from the second position to the receiving means; h, adjacent the other end of the piston; a hammer device disposed within the bore of the sleeve; and i, a hammer device for driving the piston against a biasing device to force the piston to a second position within the sleeve when hydraulic pressure exceeds a predetermined limit. a first conduit responsive to fluid pressure in a conduit in communication with one of the two locations to drive a hammer toward an adjacent end, the first conduit being in communication with a source of high pressure fluid; Means is in communication with the fourth conduit means for delivering high pressure fluid to the second location, and the second conduit means is in fluid communication with the third conduit means for delivering high pressure fluid to the second location.
A spool valve system including a fluid pressure responsive device in communication with a conduit means for flowing fluid from a first location to a receiving means. 19. A dust compaction machine according to claim 1, wherein the power unit is operated by high-pressure hydraulic oil.