JPH11214425A - ワイヤボンディング用金合金線 - Google Patents
ワイヤボンディング用金合金線Info
- Publication number
- JPH11214425A JPH11214425A JP10010926A JP1092698A JPH11214425A JP H11214425 A JPH11214425 A JP H11214425A JP 10010926 A JP10010926 A JP 10010926A JP 1092698 A JP1092698 A JP 1092698A JP H11214425 A JPH11214425 A JP H11214425A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- wire
- gold
- alloy wire
- gold alloy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
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Abstract
れても断線を抑制し、また樹脂封止の際のワイヤ流れを
小さくし、さらに振動破断性能を向上させたワイヤボン
ディング用金合金線の提供。 【解決手段】 高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのう
ち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,E
u,Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100
重量ppm 含有させる。
Description
外部リードを接続する為に使用する半導体素子のワイヤ
ボンディング用金合金線に関し、更に詳しくは金合金線
を用いて配線された半導体装置が熱衝撃や振動を受ける
環境にさらされても金合金線の断線を効果的に防止出来
るボンディング用金合金線に関する。
ップ電極と外部リードを接続する線としては、純度9
9.99重量%以上の高純度金に他の金属元素を微量含
有させた金合金線が信頼性に優れているとして多用され
ている。通常半導体装置は前記接続する方法として、金
合金線を用いた超音波併用熱圧着ボンディング法が主と
して用いられ、その後樹脂封止して半導体装置とされて
いる。
より配線し、ループを形成した状態を図1に示す。1は
ICチップ、2はICチップ上のAl電極、3は金合金
線、4はリードフレーム、5はファースト側接合点、6
はセカンド側接合点である。最近半導体装置は外部リー
ド材料として放熱性、コストを考慮して銅合金性のリー
ドフレームを用いることが多くなってきた。銅合金性の
リードフレームを用いた場合、封止用樹脂とリードフレ
ームの熱膨張係数の差が大きく、半導体装置の作動によ
る温度上昇によってループを形成した金合金線に外部応
力が加わり、とりわけ半導体装置が過酷な熱サイクル環
境に晒された場合、断線を生じ易くなるという問題があ
る。
高まる中で、ICチップの多ピン化及びこれに伴う狭ピ
ッチ化が要求されている。多ピン化、狭ピッチ化を達成
するためには、樹脂封止する際にワイヤ流れが小さくル
ープ形状を安定させることが出来る金合金線が要求され
ている。これの対応として合金元素を大量添加すること
が考えられる。例えば特開昭52−51867号公報に
は金素材中にNi,Fe,Co,Cr,Agのうち少な
くとも1種を40〜5000重量ppm 含有させて破断強
度を向上させることが提案されている。しかしながら破
断強度を向上させるだけでは最近の前記要求に対しては
未だ不十分である。
な事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的とすると
ころは銅合金製のリードフレームを用いた半導体装置が
過酷な熱サイクルの環境に晒された場合でも、断線を抑
制する効果が向上し、且つ樹脂封止する際のワイヤ流れ
を小さくすることが出来る金合金線を提供することであ
る。
場合の断線防止や樹脂封止する際にワイヤ流れが小さく
なるような金合金線にするために、金に合金元素を添加
すると振動破断性能が低下してくるという問題が生じて
くる。振動破断性能は半導体装置の樹脂封止前の試料運
搬時に振動による断線を防止出来る金合金線が要求され
ているものである。この為本発明においては、更に振動
破断性能に優れた金合金線を提供することをもう1つの
目的とする。
重ねた結果、Zn,Co,Mo,Cr(以下「第1群」
という)のうち少なくとも1種の所定量とLa,Eu,
Be,Y,Ca(以下「第2群」という)のうち少なく
とも1種の所定量を高純度金に含有させることにより、
前述の目的を達成しうることを知見し、本発明を完成す
るに至った。 (1)高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのうち少なく
とも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,Eu,Be,
Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量ppm 含
有させたことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイヤボンディ
ング用金合金線。 (2)高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのうち少なく
とも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,Eu,Be,
Yのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量ppm 含有させ
たことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイヤボンディング用
金合金線。 (3)高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのうち少なく
とも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、Caを10〜100
重量ppm 含有させたことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイ
ヤボンディング用金合金線。 (4)高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのうち少なく
とも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、CaとLa,Eu,
Be,Yのうち少なくとも1種とをそれぞれ1重量ppm
以上かつその合計で1〜100重量ppm 含有させたこと
を特徴とする半導体素子のワイヤボンディング用金合金
線。 (5)Bi,Yb,Sb,Mg,In,Ru,Irのう
ち少なくとも1種を1〜500重量ppm 含有させたこと
を特徴とする上記(1)〜(4)記載の半導体素子のワ
イヤボンディング用金合金線。 (6)更にPd,Pt,Cu,Agのうち少なくとも1
種を0.01〜2.0重量%含有させたことを特徴とす
る請求項1〜5記載の半導体素子のワイヤボンディング
用金合金線。
した高純度金を用いることが好ましい。更に好ましくは
99.995重量%以上であり、最も好ましくは99.
999重量%以上である。この為合金中の不可避不純物
は0.01重量%未満が好ましい。更に好ましくは0.
005重量%未満であり、最も好ましくは0.001重
量%未満である。不可避不純物が少ない程有害元素を除
去出来るため信頼性が向上して好ましい。
とも1種との共存において、所定量のZn,Co,M
o,Crのうち少なくとも1種を含有した組成とするこ
とにより前記課題を達成することが出来る。 (b)前記共存組成において1〜100重量ppm の第2
群元素のうち少なくとも1種と共存したZn,Co,M
o,Crのうち少なくとも1種の含有量が0.1重量%
以上になると0.1重量%未満のものと対比して熱衝撃
破断率、振動破断率が大幅に低下するとともにワイヤ流
れ量も小さくなる。
とも1種の含有量が3.0重量%迄は前記効果を維持出
来るものの、3.0重量%を越えると金合金線の伸線加
工中断線が増加し伸線加工性が悪くなってきた。この為
該共存組成に於けるZn,Co,Mo,Crのうち少な
くとも1種の含有量は0.1〜3.0重量%と定めた。
好ましくは0.1〜2.0重量%である。
とも1種との共存において、所定量のLa,Eu,B
e,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種を含有した組成とす
ることにより前記課題を達成することが出来る。 (b)前記共存組成において0.1〜3.0重量%の第
1群元素のうち少なくとも1種と共存したLa,Eu,
Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種の含有量が1重量
ppm 以上になると1重量ppm 未満のものと対比して熱衝
撃破断率、振動破断率が大幅に低下するとともにワイヤ
流れ量も小さくなる。
少なくとも1種の含有量が100重量ppm 迄は前記効果
を維持出来るものの、100重量ppm を越えると、ボン
ディングする為のボール形成時にボールに引け巣が生じ
たり、ボール表面に酸化物が形成されたりして、ICチ
ップ電極上へのボールの接合性が悪くなる。この為該共
存組成に於けるLa,Eu,Be,Y,Caのうち少な
くとも1種の含有量は1〜100重量ppm と定めた。好
ましくは1〜80重量ppm である。
La,Eu,Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種が次
の3種類の場合は、Caを単独で1重量ppm 以上10重
量ppm 未満含有する場合と対比して振動破断率が一段と
向上してくる。この為、前記共存組成において所定量の
La,Eu,Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種が次
の3種類のうち何れか1つであることが好ましい。
も1種を1〜100重量ppm イ)Caを10〜100重量ppm ウ)Ca及びLa,Eu,Y,Beのうち少なくとも1
種をそれぞれ1重量ppm 以上かつその合計1〜100重
量ppm 〔Yb,Bi,Sb,Mg,In,Ru,Ir〕 (a)前記高純度金に所定量の第1群元素のうち少なく
とも1種と所定量の第2群元素のうち少なくとも1種と
の共存においてYb,Bi,Sb,Mg,In,Ru,
Ir(以下「第3群」という)のうち少なくとも1種を
1〜500重量ppm 含有させた場合にも熱衝撃破断率、
振動破断率が大幅に低下するとともにワイヤ流れ量も小
さくなる。好ましくは1〜300重量ppm である。
くとも1種を前記(c)ア)〜ウ)項とすることが好
ましい。この場合、Caを単独で1重量ppm 以上10重
量ppm 未満含有する場合と対比して所定量の第3群元素
のうち少なくとも1種を含有しない場合と同様に振動破
断率が一段と向上してくる。 〔Pd,Pt,Cu,Ag〕 (a)前記高純度金に所定量の第1群元素のうち少なく
とも1種と所定量の第2群元素のうち少なくとも1種と
の共存、又はそれに加えて所定量の第3群元素のうち少
なくとも1種との共存において、Pd,Pt,Cu,A
g(以下「第4群」という)のうち少なくとも1種を
0.01〜2.0重量%含有させた場合にも、熱衝撃破
断率、振動破断率が大幅に低下するとともにワイヤ流れ
量も小さくなる。好ましくは0.05〜1.5重量%で
ある。
くとも1種を前記(c)ア)〜ウ)項とすることが好
ましい。この場合、Caを単独で1重量ppm 以上10重
量ppm 未満含有する場合と対比して所定量の第4群元素
のうち少なくとも1種を含有しない場合と同様に振動破
断率が一段と向上してくる。 (2)金合金線の製造方法 本発明になる金合金線の好ましい製造方法を説明する。
空溶解炉で溶解した後インゴットに鋳造する。インゴッ
トに溝ロール、伸線機を用いた冷間加工と中間アニール
を施し、最終冷間加工により直径10〜100μmの細
線とした後最終アニールを施すものである。 (3)用途 本発明になる半導体素子のワイヤボンディング用金合金
線は、半導体装置の実装に際して、ICチップ等の半導
体素子をリードフレームに接続する際、超音波併用熱圧
着ボンディング法を用いた配線材料として好ましく用い
られる。半導体装置はこの後樹脂封止をして仕上げられ
る。
装置更には、ICチップの狭ピッチ化に対応する際に好
ましく用いられる。
明する。 (実施例1)純度99.999重量%の高純度金に所定
量のZn,Laを添加し真空溶解炉で溶解した後、鋳造
して表1に示す組成の金合金インゴットを得、これに溝
ロール、伸線機を用いた冷間加工と中間アニールを施
し、最終冷間加工により直径30μmとし、伸び率4%
となるように最終アニールを行い更に表面に潤滑剤を被
覆して金合金線に仕上げた。
式会社製UTC−100型)を用いてICチップのAl
電極と銅合金リードフレームを超音波併用熱圧着ボンデ
ィング法でピン数96個の試料(この樹脂封止前の試料
を「ボンディング試料」という。)を作成した。次いで
該ボンディング試料をエポキシ樹脂で樹脂封止した半導
体試料(樹脂封止後の試料を「半導体試料」という。)
を作成した。これらの試料を用いて次の試験を行った。 〔熱サイクル試験〕前記半導体試料を熱サイクル試験機
を用いて、−65℃×30分と150℃×30分の温度
環境下に3000サイクル晒し、加速試験を行った。そ
の後封止用樹脂のみを硝酸液を用いて溶解して配線され
たループ状金合金線を露出させた。96本の配線につい
て断線の有無を走査電顕を用いて測定し、断線発生本数
の割合を熱サイクル破断率(%)として表1に示した。 〔ワイヤ流れ量〕前記半導体試料を軟X線装置を用いて
ワイヤ流れ量を測定した。
明する。5はファースト側接合点、6はセカンド側接合
点、3は配線された金合金線、7は5,6を結ぶ仮想直
線、Lは金合金線3と仮想直線7との最大かい離量であ
り、仮想直線7を真上から観察してLを測定した。24
個のLの平均値をワイヤ流れ量として表1に示した。 〔振動試験〕前記ボンディング試料を用いた振動試験方
法を図3を用いて説明する。
は金合金線、14,14′はリードフレーム、15は鉄
製台、16,16′はリードフレーム固定用磁石、17
は振動子である。リードフレーム14,14′をリード
フレーム固定用磁石16,16′で固定し、ICチップ
11を搭載した部分を振動子17で上下方向(矢印方
向)に振動させた。
振動数20000回、振動させた後、40倍の実体顕微
鏡を用いて金合金線13の破断数を測定した。ボンディ
ング試料3個分(金合金線288本)測定し破断数の割
合を振動破断率(%)として表1に示した。 (実施例2〜87)(比較例1〜8) 金合金線の組成を表1〜7に示すようにしたこと以外は
実施例1と同様にして金合金線に仕上げ、同様の試験を
行ってその結果を表1〜7に示した。
に示すようにしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして金合
金線に仕上げる伸線加工を行ったところ、断線回数が実
施例1〜87、比較例1〜8のものが許容される断線回
数の範囲内であるのに対して許容される断線回数の2倍
以上であった。この状況を表8に示す。
7に示すようにしたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして金
合金線に仕上げた。該金合金線を全自動ワイヤボンダ
(新川株式会社製UTC−100型)を用いてボール形
成を行ったところ、実施例1〜87、比較例1〜8のも
のには発生がみられなかったボール引け巣が生じた。こ
の状況を表9に示す。
うち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,E
u,Be,Y,Ca(第2群)のうち少なくとも1種を
1〜100重量ppm 共存して含有した組成である実施例
1〜67は、第1群、第2群の何れか一方を含有しない
比較例1〜8と対比して、加速試験に於ける熱サイクル
破断率が47〜72%に対して0〜42%、ワイヤ流れ
量が299〜322μmに対して191〜258μmと
何れも優れた効果を示した。
〜14%と同等若しくはそれ以上の優れた効果を示し
た。 (2)この中でも第2群元素のうち少なくとも1種が次
の3種類のうち何れか1つである場合は、Caのみを1
〜10重量ppm 未満含有する実施例24,25,46,
55と対比して振動破断率が11〜14%に対して0〜
5%と優れた効果を示す様になる。この為共存元素とし
ての第2群元素のうち少なくとも1種は次の3種類のう
ち何れか1つであることが好ましい。
も1種を1〜100重量ppm イ)Caを10〜100重量ppm ウ)Ca及びLa,Eu,Y,Beのうち少なくとも1
種をそれぞれ1重量ppm 以上、かつその合計1〜100
重量ppm (3)更に第3群元素のうち少なくとも1種を1〜50
0重量ppm 含有させた実施例68〜78においても比較
例と対比して、熱サイクル破断率が10〜32%、ワイ
ヤ流れ量が191〜229μm、振動破断率が0%と優
れた効果を示すことがわかる。 (4)前記高純度金に所定量の第1群元素のうち少なく
とも1種と所定量の第2群元素のうち少なくとも1種と
の共存、又はそれに加えて所定量の第3群元素のうち少
なくとも1種との共存において、第4群元素のうち少な
くとも1種を0.01〜2.0重量%含有させた実施例
79〜87においても、比較例と対比して、熱サイクル
破断率が12〜30%、ワイヤ流れ量が197〜225
μm、振動破断率が0〜3%と優れた効果を示すことが
わかる。 (5)高純度金に所定量の第1群元素のうち少なくとも
1種を含有するものの、本発明の必須成分である所定量
の第2群元素を含有しない比較例1,3,5,7は加速
試験に於ける熱サイクル破断率が47〜52%、ワイヤ
流れ量が299〜322μmであり本願の構成である実
施例1〜87の方が優れていることがわかる。 (6)高純度金に所定量の第2群元素のうち少なくとも
1種を含有するものの、本発明の必須成分である所定量
の第1群元素を含有しない比較例2,4,6,8は加速
試験に於ける熱サイクル破断率が65〜72%、ワイヤ
流れ量が302〜329μm、振動破断率は35〜39
%であり本願の構成である実施例1〜87の方が優れて
いることがわかる。
o,Crのうち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量
%、La,Eu,Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種
を1〜100重量ppm 含有させた組成を有する半導体素
子ボンディング用金合金線によれば、銅合金製のリード
フレームを用いた半導体装置が過酷な熱サイクルの環境
に晒された場合でも、断線を抑制する効果が向上し、樹
脂封止する際のワイヤ流れを小さくすることが出来、更
には振動破断性能が低下することなく向上させることも
出来る。前記含有成分に加えて所定量のYb,Bi,S
b,Mg,In,Ru,Irのうち少なくとも1種又は
それに加えて所定量のPd,Pt,Cu,Agのうち少
なくとも1種を含有した場合においても同様の効果を示
す。
す。
図。
Claims (6)
- 【請求項1】 高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのう
ち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,E
u,Be,Y,Caのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100
重量ppm 含有させたことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイ
ヤボンディング用金合金線。 - 【請求項2】 高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのう
ち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、La,E
u,Be,Yのうち少なくとも1種を1〜100重量pp
m 含有させたことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイヤボン
ディング用金合金線。 - 【請求項3】 高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのう
ち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、Caを10
〜100重量ppm 含有させたことを特徴とする半導体素
子のワイヤボンディング用金合金線。 - 【請求項4】 高純度金にZn,Co,Mo,Crのう
ち少なくとも1種を0.1〜3.0重量%、CaとL
a,Eu,Be,Yのうち少なくとも1種とをそれぞれ
1重量ppm 以上かつその合計で1〜100重量ppm 含有
させたことを特徴とする半導体素子のワイヤボンディン
グ用金合金線。 - 【請求項5】 Bi,Yb,Sb,Mg,In,Ru,
Irのうち少なくとも1種を1〜500重量ppm 含有さ
せたことを特徴とする請求項1〜4記載の半導体素子の
ワイヤボンディング用金合金線。 - 【請求項6】 更にPd,Pt,Cu,Agのうち少な
くとも1種を0.01〜2.0重量%含有させたことを
特徴とする請求項1〜5記載の半導体素子のワイヤボン
ディング用金合金線。
Priority Applications (1)
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JP01092698A JP3810200B2 (ja) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | ワイヤボンディング用金合金線 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP01092698A JP3810200B2 (ja) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | ワイヤボンディング用金合金線 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH11214425A true JPH11214425A (ja) | 1999-08-06 |
JP3810200B2 JP3810200B2 (ja) | 2006-08-16 |
Family
ID=11763854
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP01092698A Expired - Fee Related JP3810200B2 (ja) | 1998-01-23 | 1998-01-23 | ワイヤボンディング用金合金線 |
Country Status (1)
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JP (1) | JP3810200B2 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003023029A (ja) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-24 | Tanaka Electronics Ind Co Ltd | 半導体素子接続用金線及びその製造方法 |
JP2006032643A (ja) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-02 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
JP2006351701A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 高い初期接合性、高い接合信頼性、圧着ボールの高い真円性、高い直進性、高い耐樹脂流れ性および低い比抵抗を有するボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
JP2006351700A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 高い初期接合性、高い接合信頼性、圧着ボールの高い真円性、高い直進性および高い耐樹脂流れ性を有するボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
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1998
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JP2003023029A (ja) * | 2001-07-09 | 2003-01-24 | Tanaka Electronics Ind Co Ltd | 半導体素子接続用金線及びその製造方法 |
JP4513440B2 (ja) * | 2004-07-15 | 2010-07-28 | 住友ベークライト株式会社 | 半導体装置 |
JP2006032643A (ja) * | 2004-07-15 | 2006-02-02 | Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd | 半導体装置 |
US7857189B2 (en) | 2005-06-14 | 2010-12-28 | Tanaka Denshi Kogyo K.K. | Gold alloy wire for bonding wire having high initial bondability, high bonding reliability, high roundness of compression ball, high straightness, and high resin flowability resistance |
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JP2006351700A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 高い初期接合性、高い接合信頼性、圧着ボールの高い真円性、高い直進性および高い耐樹脂流れ性を有するボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
JP2006351701A (ja) * | 2005-06-14 | 2006-12-28 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | 高い初期接合性、高い接合信頼性、圧着ボールの高い真円性、高い直進性、高い耐樹脂流れ性および低い比抵抗を有するボンディングワイヤ用金合金線 |
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