JPH03146598A - Detergent composition, its production and cleaning method using the same composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a novel detergent composition containing no petroleum-based volatile solvent and organic synthetic surfactant, and having low polluting property, by adding sodium triphosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate, etc., as main ingredients. CONSTITUTION:(A) 15-40wt.% sodium triphosphate, (B) 17-35wt.% sodium metasilicate, (C) 7-15wt.% sodium sulfate, (D) 0.5-18wt.% sodium borate and (E) 12-50wt.% potassium diphosphate are added as main ingredients to provide the objective composition.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a cleaning composition that can be widely applied from various household detergents to industrial detergents or cleaning agents, and in particular, it relates to a cleaning composition that removes various types of dirt and cleanses. A new cleaning composition with excellent cleaning power and low pollution that can be used as an alternative to fluorocarbons and trichlorene, which cause air pollution, and various synthetic detergents that pollute rivers and soil, and their production. The present invention relates to a method and a cleaning method.

(Conventional technology) In the era when humans still used natural products as detergents, either as they were or after slightly processing them, detergents and cleaning agents had little value other than their original value of cleaning power. To,
It functioned as part of a natural cycle in the natural environment without causing injury to humans, environmental pollution, or air pollution, and no phenomenon of destruction for humanity or the earth was observed.

Soap evolved from the stage where detergents and cleaning agents used natural substances as they were, to being mass-produced in factories and sold as a commercial product. This was due to advances in modern science and technology, as well as the fight against infectious diseases. Soap had a certain effect on infectious diseases, etc., and had the effect of drastically reducing the mortality rate. Soap is made from animal and plant oils and caustic alkali. Mass production of caustic soda became possible, and the spread of soap became even faster, which had a great effect in eliminating the spread of infectious diseases.

After World War II, synthetic detergents and surfactants were developed, and 10
It started to spread rapidly around 2000. Along with this, environmental pollution of lakes, marshes, and rivers began, which became a social problem as environmental pollution. In addition, in the era of FF1Ft for mass production of electronic parts and large plate processing of metal parts, dry cleaning methods such as Triclean and Freon as cleaning agents have been incorporated into factory production lines and used in large quantities. These detergents and cleaning agents directly or indirectly affect human health, cause air pollution, and have become a global pollution problem.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Conventional detergents are mainly composed of organic synthetic surfactants. Most organic synthetic surfactants cause inflammation if they adhere to the skin for a long period of time, or are absorbed into the body through the skin and cause liver damage and other injuries, and are now being taken up as a major problem. It has also been cited as a cause of foaming, eutrophication, and water pollution in the water flowing through lakes and rivers such as the Biwa side, causing the mass death of fish living in rivers, the occurrence of malformed fish, and This poses problems such as the danger of using water as drinking water, the amount of chlorine required for disinfection when used as drinking water, and the presence of strange odors in drinking water. In addition, the water flowing from these rivers causes foaming, eutrophication, and water pollution in the seawater near the sea, causing mass death of fish, the occurrence of deformed fish, and the cause of red tide. It becomes. Efforts are being made to use soap, which was the first to use detergents as a countermeasure, as it has relatively little impact on environmental pollution. However, soap is also a cause of environmental pollution, and it is unlikely that this problem has been completely resolved.

In addition, petroleum-based solvents such as fluorocarbons and trichlorene have been used in large quantities as cleaning agents in the past. Defense layer (ozone layer)
It has become a global problem as it destroys the earth's surface and the ultraviolet rays reach directly to the earth's surface, negatively impacting humanity, and many countries are taking measures to ban its use. Similarly, Triclean has air pollution, effects on the human body, and environmental pollution, and there is a trend toward banning its use. In addition, various petroleum-based detergents are used in dry cleaning, but there are various problems such as air pollution, impact on the human body, and environmental pollution. It is still unclear what direction this will take.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, and its purpose is to provide organic synthesis that does not contain petroleum-based volatile solvents that cause air pollution. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning composition that does not contain a surfactant, does not destroy the natural ecosystem even if it is poured into a river, and causes very little environmental pollution, as well as a method for producing the composition and a cleaning method.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The cleaning composition according to the present invention mainly contains basic salt-based inorganic chemicals such as trisodium phosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, and sodium pyrophosphate. It is an ingredient.

This cleaning agent has weak foaming power against dirt such as oil and protein attached to the surface of the object to be cleaned, but it lowers the surface tension, has penetrating and wetting power, disperses dirt, and hydrolyzes It has a strong ability to dissolve dirt into the cleaning solution.

Additionally, compared to conventional soaps and synthetic detergents, which require a long rinsing process, this cleaning agent can be rinsed in a relatively short time using cold or warm water. . Furthermore, even if seawater is used, which is said to be unsuitable for soaps and synthetic detergents, the cleaning effect is good and stains such as oil and fat can be removed.

When using water for this cleaning agent, it is preferable to use soft water rather than hard water, with a hardness of 1100 pp or less,
It is preferable to have it as low as possible.

In addition to the above main ingredients, the cleaning composition also contains inorganic foaming agents such as sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, potassium tannate, carboxydimethylcellulose, and sodium shorite, sodium hydrogen fluoride, and amisosilicate. (zeolite) may be added as a component as appropriate and necessary for purposes such as a dispersant for inorganic stains, an anti-redeposition agent, a tooth surface cleaning agent, a filler, or a reduction in production costs.

In the cleaning composition of the present invention, the proportion of each component is 15 to 40% by weight of tribasic sodium phosphate, based on the weight of the entire composition;
Sodium metasilicate 17~jJ'+wt%, sodium sulfate 7~15wt%, sodium borate 0.5~18
The potassium pyrophosphate content is preferably 12 to 50% by weight.

In addition, dispersants for inorganic dirt, anti-redeposition agents, foaming agents,
As a tooth cleaning agent, the ingredients include sodium tripolyphosphate,
When adding sodium pyrophosphate, potassium tannate, carboxymethylcellulose and an inorganic blowing agent, sodium tripolyphosphate 0 to 5% by weight, sodium pyrophosphate O to 3% by weight, potassium tannate O to 10% by weight, Pheasant methylcellulose 0-3% by weight, inorganic blowing agent 0-5% by weight, sodium hydrogen fluoride 0-3% by weight
Add at a rate of 5% by weight.

Furthermore, as a hydrogen ion index, the pH is 12.0 to 13.
It is effective to use an alkaline type having 2.

On the other hand, the method for producing a cleaning agent stock solution in which the cleaning agent composition of the present invention is dissolved is to add trisodium phosphate, sodium metasilicate, and sodium sulfate to water, stir, and then dissolve boric acid. Manufacture by sequentially adding sodium and potassium pyrophosphate, stirring, and dissolving.

In particular, 15% by weight of trisodium phosphate was added as a detergent composition to 1000% by weight of fishing rods kept at a temperature of 40 to 80°C.
~40% by weight, sodium metasilicate 17-35% by weight
, add 7-15% by weight of sodium sulfate and stir to fully dissolve, then sequentially add 0.5-18% by weight of sodium borate and 12-50% by weight of potassium pyrophosphate, stir, and dissolve. It is effective to produce a cleaning agent stock solution.

In the production of the cleaning agent of the present invention, in addition to the above composition, depending on the use, sodium tripolyphosphate 0 to 5% by weight,
Sodium pyrophosphate 0-3% by weight, potassium tannate O
-10% by weight, carboxymethylcellulose 0-3% by weight, an inorganic blowing agent 0-5% by weight, and sodium hydrogen fluoride 0-5% by weight.

Furthermore, it is effective that the stock solution of the cleaning composition dissolved in water is an alkaline solution having a pH of 12.0 to 13.2 as a hydrogen ion index.

A stock solution in which the cleaning composition of the present invention is dissolved can be prepared by adding 0 to 5000 times more water or seawater to the stock solution depending on the purpose.
Used in laundry or cleaning as a detergent solution.

When using the detergent solution prepared by adding water to the detergent stock solution of the present invention, it is necessary to apply pressure spraying, stirring, shaking, brushing, or ultrasonic vibration to the solution at room temperature or at 80°C.
Washing or washing efficiency can be increased by applying temperatures up to

The detergent solution of the present invention is produced by collecting a solution contaminated by washing or cleaning, removing pollutants and fats and oils by oil/water separation, ultrasonic separation, filtration, etc., and adjusting the temperature and pH as a detergent solution again. can be used.

When using the cleaning composition of the present invention for tooth surface cleaning,
300ml of cleaning agent stock solution containing sodium hydrogen fluoride with water
By diluting it ~500 times and using it, tooth surfaces can be cleaned.

The cleaning method of the present invention is a cleaning method for commercial and industrial use that is most suitable for the present invention, and when cleaning a large number of items, does not cause environmental pollution or air pollution, and also aims to make effective use of the cleaning agent. It is something that

The cleaning method of the present invention includes a mixing step of mixing a stock solution of a cleaning agent composition with water, a cleaning step of cleaning an object to be cleaned with the prepared cleaning liquid, and a water washing step of washing the object to be cleaned with water. and a drying step of drying the object to be washed after washing with water is completed.

In the preparation step, it is desirable to control the temperature and pH and perform washing at a temperature of 20 to 80° C. and a pH of 8 to 13 depending on the purpose.

In the cleaning process, pressure spraying, stirring, shaking, and
It is desirable to apply vibration by brushing or ultrasonic waves.

Furthermore, in the cleaning step, it is effective to remove contaminants or oil components by overflow, filtration, etc. to prevent re-deposition of contaminants, oils, and other stains.

In addition, it is effective to reuse the cleaning liquid from which contaminants and oil and fat components have been removed after it has been used for second-degree cleaning, after adjusting the temperature and pH again.

In the washing step, it is desirable to control the temperature of the washing water within a range of 20 to 80°C.

In the drying process, it is effective to remove water in a drying tank using a vacuum dryer, a hot air dryer, or a far-infrared dryer.

Furthermore, in the case of objects to be cleaned, such as electronic parts, semiconductors, etc., in which even minute dust is disliked, the water used can be replaced with pure water, and the cleaning liquid used for second-degree cleaning can be drained without being reused. In addition, pure water is used during washing to prevent the attachment of fine dust, and the washing liquid used for washing is drained without being reused.

(Effects of the Invention) The cleaning agent of the present invention does not contain any volatile components even when heated, so it does not pollute the air like fluorocarbons do, and since it does not use organic surfactants, it Compared to other detergents and cleaning agents, it causes very little pollution to the environment, such as rivers.

The detergent of the present invention can also be used for washing and washing as a detergent solution by adding seawater.

The cleaning agent of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of applications.In particular, when cleaning agricultural products such as vegetables, conventional detergents have a phenomenon in which surfactants remain on vegetables and destroy vitamins, but the cleaning agent of the present invention With drugs, phenomena such as destruction of vitamins are rare,
It is effective for cleaning agricultural products such as vegetables. It is also effective for removing dental plaque attached to tooth surfaces when used for cleaning tooth surfaces.

Further, according to the manufacturing method of the present invention, a cleaning agent can be effectively manufactured. In addition, the cleaning method of the present invention does not cause environmental pollution or air pollution when cleaning a large amount of articles by a method suitable for use in business, factories, etc., using the cleaning agent of the present invention.
In addition, the cleaning agent can be used effectively.

(Example) 25 kg of sodium triphosphate, 25 kg of sodium metasilicate, and 10 kg of sodium sulfate were added to 1,000 kg of soft water heated to a temperature of 60°C, stirred, and sufficiently dissolved. After that, 30 kg of potassium pyrophosphate and boric acid were added. 10 kg of sodium was sequentially added, stirred, and dissolved to prepare a stock solution of the cleaning composition.

Regarding the above-mentioned undiluted solution and the 300 times diluted detergent solution with soft water, it was analyzed whether the discharged liquid after washing passes the discharge standard value and environmental standard value according to the Water Pollution Control Law with respect to flowing into a river. The analysis results are shown in Table 1.

The wastewater standard values and limit standard values on the blank paper below are standard values based on the Water Pollution Control Law.

■: Below the detection limit is 10 ppm or less, and the measuring device cannot detect the following.

■・Environmental standards for the living environment (lakes and marshes) -C- Industrial water class 2, natural environment conservation ■: Environmental standards for the living environment (lakes and marshes) -AA- Water supply class 1, fisheries class 1, natural environment conservationist! An acute toxicity test was conducted on the above stock solution using fish for environmental pollution such as rivers. This article describes the test report of the "pre-acute test using fish" conducted by the Japan Food Center Foundation. Table 2 shows the relationship between the diluted sample concentration and survival rate, and Table 3 shows the 24-hour and 48-hour TLm (half-lethal concentration) of the Japanese medaka according to JIS, 102 Factory Wastewater Test Method (1971). The test conditions were: the average body length of the Japanese medaka fish was 3.1 cm, and the average weight was 0.2 cm.
It is 34g. The test water temperature is 25°C±1°C. As dilution water, use pH 7 made by adding inorganic salts to pure water.
, 0, alkalinity 0.4 meq/ρ, and hardness 25 ppm. The amount of water to be tested and the amount of color to be tested are at a ratio of about 1 g of fish weight per 1 liter of test water.

In the following, an example will be described in which a layer of oil and fat on the walls and floors of a large oil tanker's hold was cleaned using a seawater solution using the above-mentioned raw solution. Conventionally, the layer of oil and fat on the hold walls and floors of large oil tankers is removed by high-pressure spraying of only seawater, and the mixture of oil and seawater is transported via pipe to land, where the seawater and oil are separated. There is. The amount of the mixed liquid is enormous, and its processing requires a great deal of equipment, time, and cost. Tests were also conducted using detergents and cleaning agents, but although the amount of the mixture of oil and seawater was reduced, static electricity was generated.
There was a risk of an oil tanker explosion, so no countermeasures were taken.

The results of measuring the generation of static electricity with respect to the cleaning agent of the present invention are shown in FIG. 1, which shows the relationship between temperature and charge density for various cleaning agents. As is clear from the figure, the cleaning agent of the present invention has a lower charge density than other cleaning agents in each temperature range. In order to prevent explosion accidents due to static electricity, the charge density must be -1.5μc/lr? The following are said to be desirable. The cleaning agent of the present invention is safe at -1.5μc/rd or less not only at room temperature but also at a temperature of 60°C, and by increasing the temperature to 60'C, the cleaning effect of the cleaning solution is increased, and the amount of cleaning solution is extremely small. This enabled waste liquid treatment inside oil tankers, resulting in a significant reduction in personnel, processing time, waste, prevention of seawater pollution, and significant reductions in processing costs.

A 300-fold diluted solution of the above stock solution with water was analyzed and measured for destruction of vitamin C during washing of agricultural products such as vegetables. The analysis results are shown in Table 4. As shown in Table 4, the destruction of vitamin C by washing cabbage and radish is 6 to 11%, which is very low compared to other detergents.

Below is Margin Kankyokusui 4% sodium hydrogen fluoride was added to the above stock solution, thoroughly stirred, and then diluted with 300 times soft water and used for tooth surface cleaning as a cleaning solution. It was effective in removing.

Figure 2 (a), (b), and (c) show typical cleaning steps of the cleaning method using the cleaning composition of the present invention; The case where tap water is used, the figure (b) shows the case where pure water is used, and the figure (C) shows the case where well water is used.

First, to explain the case where tap water is used, the outline is a blending step A of blending the undiluted solution of the cleaning agent and soft water;
It consists of a washing process B, a water washing process C, and a drying process. The equipment consists of a undiluted solution tank filled with undiluted solution, a softened water tank filled with soft water, a mixing tank that mixes the undiluted solution and soft water supplied from the undiluted solution tank and the softened water tank, and a cleaning tank that is supplied with the mixed cleaning solution. It consists of a tank and a single or double washing tank for rinsing the washed object with water, and an oil-water separation tank is required to separate the cleaning agent from pollutants and oil components in the washing liquid or waste water of the washing liquid. Established accordingly.

In the blending process A, there are a undiluted solution tank that is filled with the undiluted detergent solution, a chlorine removal tank that is filled with tap water to make it soft water, and a detergent mixing tank that is a mixing tank that mixes the undiluted solution and the soft water. It is equipped with Then, the temperature and pH are controlled for each tank using a heating device installed in the chlorine removal tank, the cleaning agent mixing tank, or the cleaning tank to maintain a temperature of 20 to 80°C and a pH of 8 to 13 depending on the purpose. Cleaning is performed by controlling the value to a predetermined value.

In the cleaning process B, the cleaning liquid prepared from the cleaning agent mixing tank is supplied into the cleaning tank.

Here, a cleaning agent recovery tank is connected to the cleaning tank, and pollutants in the cleaning solution are separated in the pollutant removal separation tank, and then oil and fat and cleaning agent components are separated in the oil-water separation tank. It is separated, supplied to a cleaning agent supply circulation tank, temperature and pH readjusted, and reused.

In the water washing process C, washing is performed with warm water, and the first and second
A hot water washing tank is provided, and in the washing tank, the object to be washed is transferred to the first washing tank. It is thoroughly washed with water in the second hot water washing tank. A heating device is installed in each hot water washing tank to control the water temperature to a predetermined temperature of 2o to 80°C. Each hot water washing tank is provided with a hot water recovery tank, a hot water separation tank, and a hot water supply tank return waterway, and the washing hot liquid in each hot water washing tank is
After rinsing, the water is directly drained, or if necessary, the rinsing solution containing pollutants is removed by overflow or filtration, and then supplied to an oil-water separation tank to separate the oil and water. and,
In order to supply the separated washing liquid to the hot water washing tank again, hot water is heated and pressurized.

In the drying process, the thoroughly washed object is transferred into a drying chamber to remove moisture.

In the case of the process using pure water shown in FIG. 2(b), the cleaning agent preparation process A and the washing process are different from the process using tap water, and the process E includes producing pure water from tap water. A water production device and a pure water tank are provided, and the pure water is used in the cleaning agent preparation process and the water washing process. Further, in the process using pure water, the washing liquid and the washing liquid are not refluxed.

Further, regarding the well water use process shown in FIG. 2(C), only the detergent preparation step A is different from the case where tap water is used, and an impurity removal tank is provided to remove impurities from the well water.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the charge density and temperature of various cleaning agents using seawater solutions, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the cleaning process of the cleaning method using the cleaning agent composition of the present invention. )
is a process diagram when using tap water, (b) is a process diagram when using pure water, and (C) is a process diagram when using well water. Figure 1 de[-X lgoρhiAkunodtwo

Claims (20)

[Claims] (1) Sodium triphosphate, sodium metasilicate,
A cleaning composition whose main ingredients are sodium sulfate, sodium borate, and potassium pyrophosphate. (2) The proportion of each component is 15 to 40% by weight of tribasic sodium phosphate, 17 to 35% by weight of sodium metasilicate, and 7 to 15% by weight of sodium sulfate, based on the weight of the entire composition.
2. The cleaning composition according to claim 1, which contains 0.5 to 18% by weight of sodium borate, and 12 to 50% by weight of potassium pyrophosphate. (3) The detergent composition according to claim 1 or 2, which is alkaline and has a hydrogen ion index of pH 12.0 to 13.2 when the detergent composition is dissolved in water to form a detergent stock solution. (4) A method for producing a cleaning agent stock solution by adding and dissolving cleaning agent compositions such as trisodium phosphate, sodium metasilicate, sodium sulfate, sodium borate, and potassium pyrophosphate in water. (5) The ratio of each component to the weight of the cleaning composition is 15 to 40% by weight of sodium triphosphate, 17 to 35% by weight of sodium metasilicate, 7 to 15% by weight of sodium sulfate, and 0% by weight of sodium borate. The method for producing a cleaning composition according to claim 4, wherein the content of potassium pyrophosphate is 12 to 50% by weight. (6) The method for producing a cleaning composition according to claim 4 or 5, wherein when the cleaning composition is dissolved in water to form a cleaning solution stock solution, the hydrogen ion index is pH 12.0 to 13.2. (7) The method for producing a cleaning agent stock solution according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the temperature of the water is 40 to 80°C. (8) A preparation step of mixing water with a stock solution prepared by dissolving the cleaning composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in water, and cleaning the object with the prepared cleaning liquid. A cleaning method comprising a washing step of washing the object, a washing step of washing the object to be washed with water, and a drying step of drying the object after washing with water. (9) The cleaning method according to claim 8, wherein the temperature and pH of the cleaning liquid are controlled. (10) Adjust the temperature of the cleaning solution to 20-80℃ and the pH to 8-13.
The cleaning method according to claim 9, wherein the cleaning method is controlled within the range of. (11) In the cleaning process, vibration is applied by pressure spraying, stirring, swinging brushing, or ultrasonic waves of the cleaning liquid.
10. The cleaning method according to any one of items 9 to 9. (12) The cleaning method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein the temperature of the rinsing liquid is controlled in the rinsing step. (13) Claim 1 in which the temperature is controlled within the range of 20 to 80°C.
2. The cleaning method described in 2. (14) The cleaning method according to any one of claims 8 to 13, wherein pollutants and fats and oils are removed from the cleaning liquid used in the cleaning step. (15) The cleaning method according to any one of claims 8 to 14, wherein pollutants and fats and oils are removed from the washing liquid used in the washing step. (16) Removal of pollutants and fats and oils by overflow,
Claim 14: The separation is carried out by filtration or ultrasonic waves.
Or the cleaning method described in 15. (17) The cleaning method according to claim 14, wherein the cleaning liquid from which pollutants and oils and fats have been removed is reused after adjusting the temperature and pH again. (18) The cleaning method according to claim 15, wherein the washing liquid from which pollutants and oils and fats have been removed is reused. (19) The cleaning method according to any one of claims 8 to 18, wherein in the drying step, moisture is removed using a vacuum dryer, a hot air dryer, or a far-infrared dryer. (20) The cleaning method according to any one of claims 8 to 16 or 19, in which pure water is used instead of water when cleaning objects such as electronic parts and semiconductors.