JP5185208B2 - フォトダイオード及びフォトダイオードアレイ - Google Patents
フォトダイオード及びフォトダイオードアレイ Download PDFInfo
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- JP5185208B2 JP5185208B2 JP2009136426A JP2009136426A JP5185208B2 JP 5185208 B2 JP5185208 B2 JP 5185208B2 JP 2009136426 A JP2009136426 A JP 2009136426A JP 2009136426 A JP2009136426 A JP 2009136426A JP 5185208 B2 JP5185208 B2 JP 5185208B2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 180
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 178
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 59
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 68
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 38
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
- H01L31/02366—Special surface textures of the substrate or of a layer on the substrate, e.g. textured ITO/glass substrate or superstrate, textured polymer layer on glass substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/1446—Devices controlled by radiation in a repetitive configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/14—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation
- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14601—Structural or functional details thereof
- H01L27/1464—Back illuminated imager structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0236—Special surface textures
- H01L31/02363—Special surface textures of the semiconductor body itself, e.g. textured active layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/028—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/107—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier working in avalanche mode, e.g. avalanche photodiodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Description
図1〜図10を参照して、第1実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法について説明する。図1〜図10は、第1実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法を説明するための図である。
図14〜図16を参照して、第2実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法について説明する。図14〜図16は、第2実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法を説明するための図である。
図17〜図21を参照して、第3実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法について説明する。図17〜図21は、第3実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法を説明するための図である。
図22〜図24を参照して、第4実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法について説明する。図22〜図24は、第4実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの製造方法を説明するための図である。
図25を参照して、第5実施形態に係るフォトダイオードPD5について説明する。図25は、第5実施形態に係るフォトダイオードの構成を説明するための図である。
アキュムレーション層37における電極39が形成された領域は、光学的に露出していない。
図29を参照して、第6実施形態に係るフォトダイオードアレイPDAについて説明する。図29は、第6実施形態の変形例に係るフォトダイオードアレイの断面構成を説明するための図である。
Claims (8)
- 第1導電型の半導体からなり、互いに対向する第1主面及び第2主面を有するシリコン基板を備え、
前記シリコン基板の前記第1主面側には、前記シリコン基板よりも高い不純物濃度を有する第1導電型の半導体領域と第2導電型の半導体領域との間のpn接合によって構成されたアバランシェフォトダイオードが配置され、
前記シリコン基板の前記第2主面側には、前記シリコン基板よりも高い不純物濃度を有する第1導電型のアキュムレーション層が形成されていると共に、少なくとも前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する領域に不規則な凹凸が形成されており、
前記シリコン基板の前記第2主面における前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する前記領域は、光学的に露出し、
少なくとも前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する領域に不規則な凹凸が形成された前記第2主面に対向する前記第1主面が光入射面とされて、前記第1主面から入射した光が前記シリコン基板内を進む、表面入射型であることを特徴とするフォトダイオード。 - 前記シリコン基板は、第2導電型の前記半導体領域に対応する部分が該部分の周辺部分を残して前記第2主面側より薄化されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のフォトダイオード。
- 第1導電型の前記アキュムレーション層の厚みが、不規則な前記凹凸の高低差よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のフォトダイオード。
- 前記第1主面から入射し、前記シリコン基板内を進む光が、不規則な前記凹凸により反射、散乱、又は拡散されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載のフォトダイオード。
- 第1導電型の半導体からなり、互いに対向する第1主面及び第2主面を有するシリコン基板を備え、
前記シリコン基板の前記第1主面側には、前記シリコン基板よりも高い不純物濃度を有する第1導電型の半導体領域と第2導電型の半導体領域との間のpn接合によって構成されたアバランシェフォトダイオードが複数配置され、
前記シリコン基板の前記第2主面側には、前記シリコン基板よりも高い不純物濃度を有する第1導電型のアキュムレーション層が形成されていると共に、少なくとも前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する領域に不規則な凹凸が形成されており、
前記シリコン基板の前記第2主面における前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する前記領域は、光学的に露出し、
少なくとも前記アバランシェフォトダイオードに対向する領域に不規則な凹凸が形成された前記第2主面に対向する前記第1主面が光入射面とされて、前記第1主面から入射した光が前記シリコン基板内を進む、表面入射型であることを特徴とするフォトダイオードアレイ。 - 前記シリコン基板は、前記アバランシェフォトダイオードが複数配置されている部分が該部分の周辺部分を残して前記第2主面側より薄化されていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載のフォトダイオードアレイ。
- 第1導電型の前記アキュムレーション層の厚みが、不規則な前記凹凸の高低差よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項5又は6に記載のフォトダイオードアレイ。
- 前記第1主面から入射し、前記シリコン基板内を進む光が、不規則な前記凹凸により反射、散乱、又は拡散されることを特徴とする請求項5〜7のいずれか一項に記載のフォトダイオードアレイ。
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2009136426A JP5185208B2 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-06-05 | フォトダイオード及びフォトダイオードアレイ |
PCT/JP2010/052197 WO2010098221A1 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | フォトダイオード及びフォトダイオードアレイ |
KR1020117017765A KR101725561B1 (ko) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | 포토 다이오드 및 포토 다이오드 어레이 |
CN201080009098.7A CN102334198B (zh) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | 光电二极管以及光电二极管阵列 |
CN201310641850.5A CN103606588B (zh) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | 光电二极管以及光电二极管阵列 |
US13/202,244 US9190551B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
EP10746102.2A EP2403012B1 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
EP18202811.8A EP3467882A1 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-15 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
TW099105363A TWI481052B (zh) | 2009-02-24 | 2010-02-24 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
US14/683,524 US9614109B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2015-04-10 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
US15/434,373 US9972729B2 (en) | 2009-02-24 | 2017-02-16 | Photodiode and photodiode array |
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JP2009041078 | 2009-02-24 | ||
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JP2009136426A JP5185208B2 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2009-06-05 | フォトダイオード及びフォトダイオードアレイ |
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US (3) | US9190551B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2403012B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5185208B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101725561B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN103606588B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI481052B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2010098221A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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US10199407B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2019-02-05 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Light-receiving device and photo-detection apparatus with such light-receiving device |
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JP5185207B2 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2013-04-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | フォトダイオードアレイ |
JP5185205B2 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2013-04-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 半導体光検出素子 |
JP5185206B2 (ja) | 2009-02-24 | 2013-04-17 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | 半導体光検出素子 |
US9911781B2 (en) | 2009-09-17 | 2018-03-06 | Sionyx, Llc | Photosensitive imaging devices and associated methods |
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WO2011035188A2 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Sionyx, Inc. | Photosensitive imaging devices and associated methods |
US8692198B2 (en) | 2010-04-21 | 2014-04-08 | Sionyx, Inc. | Photosensitive imaging devices and associated methods |
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US9496308B2 (en) | 2011-06-09 | 2016-11-15 | Sionyx, Llc | Process module for increasing the response of backside illuminated photosensitive imagers and associated methods |
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JP2014525091A (ja) | 2011-07-13 | 2014-09-25 | サイオニクス、インク. | 生体撮像装置および関連方法 |
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US20150214395A1 (en) | 2015-07-30 |
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EP3467882A1 (en) | 2019-04-10 |
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