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JP4531907B2 - Process oil and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Process oil and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4531907B2
JP4531907B2 JP2000047442A JP2000047442A JP4531907B2 JP 4531907 B2 JP4531907 B2 JP 4531907B2 JP 2000047442 A JP2000047442 A JP 2000047442A JP 2000047442 A JP2000047442 A JP 2000047442A JP 4531907 B2 JP4531907 B2 JP 4531907B2
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oil
mass
aromatic hydrocarbon
process oil
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JP2000309786A (en
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正己 高崎
明示 田中
久夫 安西
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はゴム加工等に用いるプロセスオイルおよびその製造方法に関し、さらに詳しくは人体への有害性が指摘されている多環芳香族炭化水素(PCA)含有量が3質量%未満であり、かつ従来の性能においても優れたプロセスオイルおよびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
プロセスオイルは、天然ゴム、合成ゴム等の加工油や展延剤をはじめ熱可塑性樹脂の可塑剤や印刷インキの成分、再生アスファルトの軟化剤等に使用する潤滑油あるいは溶剤として使用される。それ故、それぞれの用途に応じて特定の粘度、密度、揮発性、ゴム等への相溶性などの性状、性能を持つプロセスオイルが要求されていた。たとえばゴム用としてはその加工性向上などのためゴムとの相溶性が良く、用途に応じた粘度を持ち、耐久性の優れたものが良いとされてきた。そのため、減圧蒸留留出油、脱歴油等の残渣分を含まない原料油から溶剤抽出により潤滑油留分(ラフィネート)を製造する際に副生する高芳香族含量の抽出油(エキストラクト)が用いられていた。
【0003】
最近、多環芳香族炭化水素(PCA)の有害性が問題となっており、特に自動車タイヤ用に用いられるプロセスオイルはタイヤ粉塵として環境を汚染するためプロセスオイル中のPCAを低減することが求められている。しかし、上記のような方法で製造した高芳香族含量の抽出油中には多環芳香族炭化水素が多量に含まれており、PCAを低減させたプロセスオイルおよびその製造方法の開発が急がれている。
【0004】
そこで、PCAを低減させたプロセスオイルの開発が進められ、例えば、特表平06−505524号公報には低PCAのプロセスオイルを使用したゴム組成物が開示されているが、ここで開示されているプロセスオイルは脱歴油などを原料として製造されており、高粘度のものであり用途に制限がある。
さらに、EP417980A1号公報には極性溶剤を用いた2段抽出法による低PCA、高芳香族炭化水素のプロセスオイルの製造方法が開示されている。しかし、この方法では2段目の抽出塔の原料となるプライマリーエキストラクトの密度が極性溶剤に近く、極性溶剤との親和性も強く抽出条件の設定が非常に難しく抽出効率も悪い(実施例によると最大収率51%)という問題があった。
【0005】
これと類似の製造方法として、EP0839891A2号公報にはPCA3質量%未満のプロセスオイルの製造法が開示されている。100℃粘度が2〜70mm2 /sと広範囲でかつ芳香族炭化水素+極性物質が40質量%以上でこのうちの極性物質は10質量%以下のプロセスオイルが得られるとしている。このプロセスオイルの製造法は減圧留出油および脱歴油を原料として溶剤抽出により潤滑油留分(ラフィネート)を製造する際に副生する抽出油(エキストラクト)をさらに抽出処理してプロセスオイルとしているものであり、製造プロセスが複雑でプロセスオイルの得率も全般に低いものである。
【0006】
その他にも関連する技術としては、常圧蒸留残油フィードストックから非発癌性ブライトストック抽出物および/又は脱れき油を製造する方法(特表平7―501346号公報)、アルキル化により多環芳香族炭化水素の突然変異原生を低減させる方法(特表平8―503215号公報)、中東系の原油の減圧蒸留留分(350〜600℃)を溶剤脱歴、溶剤脱ろうなどの処理した低多環芳香族炭化水素(PCA)のアロマオイルを使用したゴム組成物の記述(特表平6―505524号公報、WO92/14479号公報)、単核または2核の芳香族炭化水素化合物よりなる低PCAプロセスオイルの製造方法(EP0489371B1号公報、DE4038458C2号公報)などが知られている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、人体に有害なPCAを低減させ、かつゴムの加工性や耐ブリード性等従来のプロセスオイルに要求される性能も良好なプロセスオイルの提供および上記プロセスオイルを残渣油を原料として効率的に製造する方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は鋭意研究の結果、残渣油に潤滑油基油を混合して溶剤抽出することにより上記目的を満足する優れた低PCAのプロセスオイルが得られることを見出し、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成させたものである。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は下記のとおりである。
【0009】
〔1〕多環芳香族炭化水素含有量20質量%以下の残渣油20〜90容量%および多環芳香族炭化水素含有量10質量%以下の潤滑油基油10〜80容量%からなる混合油を極性溶剤にて抽出処理し、該生成物(ラフィネート)から溶剤を除去することを特徴とする多環芳香族炭化水素含有量3質量%未満のプロセスオイルの製造方法であって、前記抽出処理を抽出塔による向流接触法により、極性溶剤としてフルフラールを用い、溶剤比0.5〜2.5、抽出塔トップ温度60〜115℃、ボトム温度45〜80℃でかつ抽出塔トップ温度がボトム温度より高温である条件で行うことを特徴とするプロセスオイルの製造方法。
【0010】
〔2〕残渣油として、アスファルテン含有量0.1〜2.0質量%、多環芳香族炭化水素含有量20質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素20質量%以上、及び100℃における動粘度60〜400mm2/s、密度0.900〜1.200g/cm 3 (900〜1200kg/m 3 )、である減圧残油および/または脱歴油を用い、潤滑油基油として、多環芳香族炭化水素含有量が10質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素5質量%以上、100℃における動粘度5〜70mm2/sのものを用いる、〔1〕記載のプロセスオイルの製造方法であって、該プロセスオイルがさらに下記の要件を満足すプロセスオイルの製造方法。
(1)芳香族炭化水素含有量が18質量%以上
(2)極性化合物含有量が25質量%以下
(3)100℃における動粘度が10〜70mm2/s
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
まず、本発明のプロセスオイルの主な組成、性状について説明する。
▲1▼多環芳香族炭化水素(PCA)
本発明のプロセスオイルはPCAが3質量%未満であらねばならない。欧州では発癌性の問題からPCAが3%以上の鉱油は取扱いに制限をうけており、プロセスオイルについても同様である。なお、PCAの含有量は英国石油協会法(IP346/92)により測定するものである。
【0013】
▲2▼芳香族炭化水素
芳香族炭化水素は18質量%以上、好ましくは20質量%以上が望ましい。芳香族炭化水素はゴム等との親和性、相溶性を左右する重要な要素である。プロセスオイルをゴムに配合した場合、芳香族炭化水素はゴムの加工性、展延性の向上に効果がある。また、プロセスオイルを印刷インキの成分として使用したときの樹脂との相溶性向上等にも効果がある。芳香族炭化水素の含有量についてはASTM D 2007により測定する。
【0014】
▲3▼極性化合物
極性化合物は25質量%以下、好ましくは11〜25質量%、さらに好ましくは13〜25質量%の範囲であることが望ましい。極性化合物が多すぎるとゴム等へ配合したときにゴム物性を損なう虞れがある。また、極性化合物を11質量%以上含有させることにより、芳香族炭化水素の含有量が比較的少なくてもゴム等への配合の際の相溶性向上等にも効果がある。なお、極性化合物の含有量についてはASTM D 2007により測定する。
【0015】
▲4▼粘度
100℃における動粘度は10〜70mm2 /s、好ましくは20〜60mm2 /sであることが望ましい。動粘度が10mm2 /sより低いと加硫ゴムの常態物性が低下し、70mm2 /sより高いとゴム等への配合の際加工性、操作性が悪くなる。特に、芳香族系加硫ゴムの場合上記の粘度範囲のプロセスオイルをゴムの性状に合わせて適宜用いれば加硫ゴムからの可塑剤のブリード防止を向上させることができる。動粘度の測定はASTM D 445による。
【0016】
▲5▼引火点
引火点は210℃以上が好ましい。引火点が低いとプロセスオイルの取扱い時に引火性が強くなり、その防止設備等が必要となり好ましくない。引火点の測定はASTM D 92(COC℃)による。
▲6▼密度
密度が0.870〜0.970g/cm3 、好ましくは0.900〜0.960g/cm3 であることが望ましい。密度はゴムやインキと配合する際従来品と異なると配合操作の変更等の必要があり、実用的には適当な範囲である必要がある。密度の測定はASTM D 4052による。
【0017】
▲7▼5容量%留出温度
蒸留性状のうち5容量%留出温度は370〜530℃の範囲であることが望ましい。370℃より低いと蒸発し易くなり、ゴムに配合した場合油分の蒸発により熱老化物性が悪化する。5容量%留出温度は動粘度のおよその指標ともなり530℃より高いと動粘度も上昇しゴム等への配合時の操作性の悪化を招く。5容量%留出温度はASTM D 2887による。
【0018】
つぎに、プロセスオイルの製造方法について説明する。
本発明のプロセスオイルの製造方法は、目的に応じて多種多様な組成や性状のものとして実現することができるが、少なくとも前記(2)の要件を満足することが有効である。
本発明の製造法のプロセスオイルの原料となる残渣油は一般的な鉱油系の蒸留残渣油でよい。すなわち、各種原油の常圧残油、減圧残油さらにはこれらの残渣油をさらに低級炭化水素などで脱歴した脱歴油などである。この中でも、減圧残油および/または脱歴油が好適な原料である。残渣油の性状はアスファルテン含有量0.1〜2.0質量%、PCA含有量20質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素20質量%以上、100℃における動粘度60〜400mm2 /s、密度0.900〜1.200g/cm3 、5容量%留出温度は370℃以上であることが好ましい。
【0019】
第2の原料である潤滑油基油は、一般的な潤滑油精製工程で得られる鉱油系の潤滑油基油であればよい。すなわち、各種原油の常圧蒸留、減圧蒸留、脱れき工程等より得られた留分を溶剤精製、水素化精製あるいは水素化分解等の各工程、また必要に応じて脱ろう工程により精製して得ることができる。この潤滑油基油の性状はPCAが10質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素5質量%以上、100℃における動粘度5〜70mm2 /s、密度0.860〜1.000g/cm3 、5容量%留出温度は370〜530℃の範囲であることが好ましい。
【0020】
残渣油と潤滑油基油を混合して抽出処理の原料となる混合油とする。原料となる混合油には他の成分が混入することは好ましくないが、本発明が実施できないわけではない。混合比は混合油基準で残渣油20〜90容量%、好ましくは40〜80容量%、潤滑油基油10〜80容量%、好ましくは20〜60容量%である必要がある。上記2種の留分を混合した混合油の組成、性状はPCAが3〜20質量%、芳香族炭化水素15〜40質量%、極性化合物5〜30質量%、100℃における動粘度10〜100mm2 /s、5容量%留出温度は370℃以上であることが好ましい。アスファルテン分の含有量は2.0質量%以下であることが好適である。なお、PCAの含有量は英国石油協会法(IP346/92)により、芳香族炭化水素含有量および極性化合物含有量はASTM D 2007で測定した値である。
【0021】
上記混合油を極性溶剤を用いて抽出処理することによりPCAが3質量%未満である所望のプロセスオイルが得られる。この抽出処理は連続抽出塔、特に向流接触法がよい。通常は、RDC(ロータリーディスクコンタクター)タイプの向流接触法抽出塔を用いればよい。極性溶剤としては特定されるものではないがフルフラール、フェノール、Nメチルピロリドン等を好ましく用いることができる。その中でもフルフラールが特に好適である。
【0022】
抽出処理の条件は抽出法、抽出溶剤、抽出原料となる混合油などに応じて適宜選べばよいが、抽出法が向流接触法で抽出溶剤としてフルフラールを用いる場合が好適である。この場合には溶剤比(溶剤/混合油の容量比)0.5〜2.5、好ましくは1.0〜2.0、抽出塔トップ温度60〜115℃、好ましくは70〜110℃、ボトム温度45〜80℃、好ましくは50〜70℃の範囲とし、さらにトップ温度はボトム温度より高いことが望ましい。
【0023】
上記の処理によりプロセスオイルとしては好ましくないPCA等は抽出塔ボトムよりアスファルテンなどの他の不純物とともに分離除去され、トップから得られた留分(ラフィネート)から溶剤を分離し、PCAが3質量%未満である所望のプロセスオイルが得られる。この場合、必要に応じ蒸留処理、脱ろう処理、2次仕上げ処理等によりさらに高性能のプロセスオイルを得ることもできる。原料油や抽出条件等を上記方法の中で適宜調整することにより、組成、性状が、▲1▼芳香族炭化水素含有量が18質量%以上、好ましくは20質量%以上、▲2▼極性化合物含有量が25質量%以下、好ましくは11〜25質量%、さらに好ましくは13〜25質量%、▲3▼100℃における動粘度が10〜70mm2 /s、好ましくは20〜60mm2 /s、▲4▼好ましくは引火点が210℃以上であり、PCAが3質量%未満のプロセスオイルを製造することができる。
【0024】
以上の条件を満足した製造方法であれば本発明のプロセスオイルの製造方法として好適に使用できる。このようにして製造されたプロセスオイルは、天然ゴム、合成ゴム等の製造用や、熱可塑性樹脂の可塑剤としてのPCAの少ないプロセスオイルとして好適に使用できる。また、印刷インキの成分や再生アスファルトの軟化剤としても使用できる。
【0025】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明するが、これらの実施例になんら制限されるものではない。
〔混合油の調製〕
表1に示す性状の減圧残油VR、潤滑油基油A、Bを原料として混合油C〜Hを調製した。各混合油の原料混合割合および性状等を表2に示す。
【0026】
〔実施例1〜9〕
RDCタイプのフルフラールによる向流接触抽出塔を用いて各混合油を抽出処理し、生成物(ラフィネート)から蒸留により混入フルフラールを除去してプロセスオイルを得た。各実施例毎の抽出条件および生成プロセスオイルの性状等を表3、表4に示す。
【0027】
〔比較例1、2〕
表1に示す性状のエキストラクトEX(比較例1)および減圧留出油(比較例2)を原料として実施例1と同じ方法でプロセスオイルを得た。ただし、抽出の処理条件は表4に示すものである。得られた生成プロセスオイルの性状等を表4に示す。
【0028】
【表1】

Figure 0004531907
【0029】
【表2】
Figure 0004531907
【0030】
【表3】
Figure 0004531907
【0031】
【表4】
Figure 0004531907
【0032】
【発明の効果】
本発明は多環芳香族が3質量%未満でかつ従来のプロセスオイル同様の優れた性状、性能を持ち、ゴム用プロセスオイルや熱可塑性樹脂の可塑剤、印刷インキの成分、再生アスファルトの軟化剤等として使用されるプロセスオイルを生産性よく製造するための方法を提供することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a process oil used for rubber processing or the like and a method for producing the same, and more specifically, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PCA) content, which has been pointed out to be harmful to the human body, is less than 3% by mass, and has been conventionally used. The present invention also relates to a process oil excellent in performance and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Process oils are used as lubricating oils or solvents used for processing oils and spreaders such as natural rubber and synthetic rubber, plasticizers for thermoplastic resins, components of printing inks, softeners for recycled asphalt, and the like. Therefore, there has been a demand for process oils having properties and performances such as specific viscosity, density, volatility, and compatibility with rubber according to each application. For example, rubber has been considered to have good compatibility with rubber in order to improve its processability, have a viscosity according to the application, and have excellent durability. Therefore, high aromatic content extract oil (extract) produced as a by-product when producing lube oil fraction (raffinate) by solvent extraction from raw material oil that does not contain residue such as vacuum distilled oil Was used.
[0003]
Recently, the toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PCA) has become a problem. Especially, process oil used for automobile tires pollutes the environment as tire dust, so it is required to reduce PCA in process oil. It has been. However, the high aromatic content extracted oil produced by the above method contains a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and the development of process oil with reduced PCA and its production method is urgent. It is.
[0004]
Accordingly, development of process oils with reduced PCA has been promoted. For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 06-505524 discloses a rubber composition using low PCA process oil. The process oils that are produced are made from history oils, etc., and have a high viscosity and have limited applications.
Further, EP417980A1 discloses a method for producing a low PCA, high aromatic hydrocarbon process oil by a two-stage extraction method using a polar solvent. However, in this method, the density of the primary extract as the raw material for the second extraction tower is close to that of the polar solvent, the affinity with the polar solvent is strong, and the extraction conditions are very difficult to set and the extraction efficiency is poor (depending on the examples). And a maximum yield of 51%).
[0005]
As a similar production method, EP0839891A2 discloses a method for producing a process oil having a PCA content of less than 3% by mass. It is said that a process oil having a viscosity of 100 ° C. in a wide range of 2 to 70 mm 2 / s and an aromatic hydrocarbon + polar substance of 40% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of the polar substance among them is obtained. This process oil is produced by subjecting the extracted oil (extract) produced as a by-product when the lubricating oil fraction (raffinate) is produced by solvent extraction using reduced pressure distillate and history oil as a raw material to process oil. The manufacturing process is complicated and the yield of process oil is generally low.
[0006]
Other related technologies include a method for producing a non-carcinogenic bright stock extract and / or desalted oil from atmospheric distillation residue feedstock (Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-501346), polycyclic by alkylation A method for reducing the mutagenesis of aromatic hydrocarbons (Japanese Patent Publication No. 8-503215), middle-distilled crude oil under reduced pressure distillation (350-600 ° C) was treated with solvent history, solvent dewaxing, etc. Description of rubber composition using low polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PCA) aroma oil (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-505524, WO92 / 14479), mononuclear or binuclear aromatic hydrocarbon compound A method for producing a low PCA process oil (EP0489371B1 and DE40384458C2) is known.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a process oil that reduces PCA harmful to the human body and has good performance required for conventional process oils such as rubber processability and bleed resistance, and the process oil is made from residual oil as a raw material. It aims at providing the method of manufacturing automatically.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of diligent research, the present inventors have found that an excellent low PCA process oil satisfying the above-mentioned purpose can be obtained by mixing a lubricant base oil with a residual oil and extracting the solvent, and based on this finding The present invention has been completed.
That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
[0009]
[1] A mixed oil comprising 20 to 90% by volume of a residual oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of 20% by mass or less and 10 to 80% by volume of a lubricating base oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of 10% by mass or less. Is extracted with a polar solvent, and the solvent is removed from the product (raffinate). A method for producing a process oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of less than 3% by mass, comprising: By using a countercurrent contact method with an extraction tower, furfural is used as a polar solvent, the solvent ratio is 0.5 to 2.5, the extraction tower top temperature is 60 to 115 ° C., the bottom temperature is 45 to 80 ° C., and the extraction tower top temperature is bottom. A method for producing process oil, which is performed under conditions higher than temperature.
[0010]
[2] As residual oil, asphaltene content 0.1 to 2.0% by mass, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content 20% by mass or less, aromatic hydrocarbon 20% by mass or more, and kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 60 to 400 mm 2 / s , density 0.900 to 1.200 g / cm 3 (900 to 1200 kg / m 3 ), reduced pressure residual oil and / or history oil, and as a lubricating base oil, polycyclic aromatic carbonization The process for producing a process oil according to [1] , wherein the hydrogen content is 10% by mass or less, the aromatic hydrocarbon is 5% by mass or more, and the kinematic viscosity is 5 to 70 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C. method for producing a process oil oil you further satisfies the following requirements.
(1) Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 18% by mass or more (2) Polar compound content is 25% by mass or less (3) Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 10 to 70 mm 2 / s
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, the main composition and properties of the process oil of the present invention will be described.
(1) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PCA)
The process oil of the present invention should have a PCA of less than 3% by weight. In Europe, mineral oils with a PCA content of 3% or more are limited in handling due to carcinogenic problems, and the same applies to process oils. The PCA content is measured by the British Petroleum Institute Act (IP346 / 92).
[0013]
(2) Aromatic hydrocarbon The aromatic hydrocarbon is preferably 18% by mass or more, and more preferably 20% by mass or more. Aromatic hydrocarbons are important factors that affect the affinity and compatibility with rubber and the like. When process oil is blended with rubber, aromatic hydrocarbons are effective in improving rubber processability and spreadability. It is also effective in improving compatibility with resin when process oil is used as a component of printing ink. The aromatic hydrocarbon content is measured according to ASTM D 2007.
[0014]
(3) Polar compound The polar compound is contained in an amount of 25% by mass or less, preferably 11 to 25% by mass, more preferably 13 to 25% by mass. If there are too many polar compounds, rubber properties may be impaired when blended into rubber or the like. Further, by containing 11% by mass or more of a polar compound, there is an effect in improving compatibility at the time of blending with rubber or the like even if the content of aromatic hydrocarbon is relatively small. In addition, about content of a polar compound, it measures by ASTMD2007.
[0015]
(4) Viscosity The viscosity at 100 ° C. is 10 to 70 mm 2 / s, preferably 20 to 60 mm 2 / s. When the kinematic viscosity is lower than 10 mm 2 / s, the normal physical properties of the vulcanized rubber are lowered, and when it is higher than 70 mm 2 / s, the workability and operability are deteriorated when blended with rubber or the like. In particular, in the case of an aromatic vulcanized rubber, prevention of bleeding of the plasticizer from the vulcanized rubber can be improved by appropriately using a process oil having the above viscosity range according to the properties of the rubber. Kinematic viscosity is measured according to ASTM D445.
[0016]
(5) Flash point The flash point is preferably 210 ° C or higher. If the flash point is low, the flammability becomes strong when handling the process oil, and the prevention equipment is required, which is not preferable. The flash point is measured according to ASTM D 92 (COC ° C.).
▲ 6 ▼ density density 0.870~0.970g / cm 3, it is desirable that preferably 0.900~0.960g / cm 3. If the density is different from that of the conventional product when blended with rubber or ink, it is necessary to change the blending operation and the like, and it is necessary to be within a practical range. Density measurements are in accordance with ASTM D 4052.
[0017]
(7) 5% by volume distillation temperature Among the distillation properties, the 5% by volume distillation temperature is preferably in the range of 370 to 530 ° C. When the temperature is lower than 370 ° C., it tends to evaporate, and when blended with rubber, the heat aging properties deteriorate due to the evaporation of oil. The 5% by volume distillation temperature is also an approximate index of kinematic viscosity, and if it is higher than 530 ° C., the kinematic viscosity also increases and the operability at the time of compounding with rubber is deteriorated. The 5 vol% distillation temperature is according to ASTM D 2887.
[0018]
Next, a process oil manufacturing method will be described.
The process oil production method of the present invention can be realized with various compositions and properties according to the purpose, but it is effective to satisfy at least the requirement (2).
The residual oil used as the raw material for the process oil in the production method of the present invention may be a general mineral oil-based distillation residual oil. That is, there are atmospheric residual oils, vacuum residual oils of various crude oils, and historical oils obtained by further recovering these residual oils with lower hydrocarbons. Among these, vacuum residual oil and / or history oil are suitable raw materials. The properties of the residual oil are asphaltene content 0.1 to 2.0% by mass, PCA content 20% by mass or less, aromatic hydrocarbons 20% by mass or more, kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 60 to 400 mm 2 / s, density 0. 900 to 1.200 g / cm 3 , 5 vol% distillation temperature is preferably 370 ° C. or higher.
[0019]
The lubricating base oil as the second raw material may be a mineral base lubricating base oil obtained in a general lubricating oil refining process. That is, fractions obtained from atmospheric distillation, vacuum distillation, degassing process, etc. of various crude oils are refined by solvent purification, hydrorefining or hydrocracking processes, and if necessary, dewaxing processes. Obtainable. The properties of this lubricating base oil are 10% by weight or less for PCA, 5% by weight or more for aromatic hydrocarbons, a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 5 to 70 mm 2 / s, a density of 0.860 to 1.000 g / cm 3 , and 5 volumes. The% distillation temperature is preferably in the range of 370 to 530 ° C.
[0020]
Residual oil and lubricating base oil are mixed to obtain a mixed oil that is a raw material for the extraction process. It is not preferable that other components are mixed in the mixed oil as a raw material, but this does not mean that the present invention cannot be carried out. The mixing ratio should be 20 to 90% by volume of residual oil, preferably 40 to 80% by volume, and 10 to 80% by volume, preferably 20 to 60% by volume of the lubricating base oil, based on the mixed oil. Composition and properties of the mixed oil obtained by mixing the above two types of fractions are 3-20% by mass of PCA, 15-40% by mass of aromatic hydrocarbons, 5-30% by mass of polar compounds, and a kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. of 10-100 mm. The 2 / s, 5 vol% distillation temperature is preferably 370 ° C or higher. The asphaltene content is preferably 2.0% by mass or less. The PCA content is a value measured by ASTM D 2007 according to the British Petroleum Institute Act (IP346 / 92) and the aromatic hydrocarbon content and polar compound content.
[0021]
By extracting the mixed oil with a polar solvent, a desired process oil having a PCA of less than 3% by mass can be obtained. This extraction process is preferably a continuous extraction tower, particularly a countercurrent contact method. Usually, an RDC (rotary disc contactor) type countercurrent contact extraction tower may be used. Although not specified as a polar solvent, furfural, phenol, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like can be preferably used. Of these, furfural is particularly suitable.
[0022]
The conditions for the extraction treatment may be appropriately selected according to the extraction method, the extraction solvent, the mixed oil as the extraction raw material, and the like, but it is preferable that the extraction method is a countercurrent contact method and furfural is used as the extraction solvent. In this case, the solvent ratio (volume ratio of solvent / mixed oil) is 0.5 to 2.5, preferably 1.0 to 2.0, the top temperature of the extraction tower is 60 to 115 ° C., preferably 70 to 110 ° C., the bottom The temperature is in the range of 45 to 80 ° C, preferably 50 to 70 ° C, and the top temperature is preferably higher than the bottom temperature.
[0023]
PCA, which is not preferable as a process oil, is separated and removed from the bottom of the extraction tower together with other impurities such as asphaltene by the above treatment, and the solvent is separated from the fraction (raffinate) obtained from the top, and the PCA is less than 3% by mass. The desired process oil is obtained. In this case, a higher-performance process oil can be obtained by distillation treatment, dewaxing treatment, secondary finishing treatment or the like as necessary. By appropriately adjusting the feedstock oil and extraction conditions in the above method, the composition and properties are as follows: (1) aromatic hydrocarbon content is 18% by mass or more, preferably 20% by mass or more, (2) polar compound The content is 25% by mass or less, preferably 11 to 25% by mass, more preferably 13 to 25% by mass, and (3) the kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 10 to 70 mm 2 / s, preferably 20 to 60 mm 2 / s. (4) Preferably, a process oil having a flash point of 210 ° C. or higher and a PCA of less than 3% by mass can be produced.
[0024]
Any production method that satisfies the above conditions can be suitably used as the process oil production method of the present invention. The process oil thus produced can be suitably used for the production of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and the like, and as a process oil with less PCA as a plasticizer for thermoplastic resins. It can also be used as a component of printing ink and as a softening agent for recycled asphalt.
[0025]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention concretely, it is not restrict | limited to these Examples at all.
(Preparation of mixed oil)
Mixed oils C to H were prepared using a vacuum residue VR and lubricating base oils A and B having the properties shown in Table 1 as raw materials. Table 2 shows the raw material mixing ratio and properties of each mixed oil.
[0026]
[Examples 1 to 9]
Each mixed oil was extracted using a counter-current contact extraction tower with RDC type furfural, and the mixed furfural was removed from the product (raffinate) by distillation to obtain a process oil. Tables 3 and 4 show the extraction conditions and properties of the produced process oil for each example.
[0027]
[Comparative Examples 1 and 2]
Process oil was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 using Extract EX (Comparative Example 1) and reduced pressure distillate oil (Comparative Example 2) having the properties shown in Table 1 as raw materials. However, extraction processing conditions are shown in Table 4. Table 4 shows the properties and the like of the resulting production process oil.
[0028]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004531907
[0029]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004531907
[0030]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004531907
[0031]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004531907
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has polycyclic aromatics of less than 3% by mass and has excellent properties and performance similar to those of conventional process oils. Process oil for rubber, thermoplastic resin plasticizer, components of printing ink, recycled asphalt softener It is possible to provide a method for producing a process oil used as a product with high productivity.

Claims (2)

多環芳香族炭化水素含有量20質量%以下の残渣油20〜90容量%および多環芳香族炭化水素含有量10質量%以下の潤滑油基油10〜80容量%からなる混合油を極性溶剤にて抽出処理し、該生成物(ラフィネート)から溶剤を除去することを特徴とする多環芳香族炭化水素含有量3質量%未満のプロセスオイルの製造方法であって、前記抽出処理を抽出塔による向流接触法により、極性溶剤としてフルフラールを用い、溶剤比0.5〜2.5、抽出塔トップ温度60〜115℃、ボトム温度45〜80℃でかつ抽出塔トップ温度がボトム温度より高温である条件で行うことを特徴とするプロセスオイルの製造方法。A mixed solvent comprising 20 to 90% by volume of a residual oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of 20% by mass or less and 10 to 80% by volume of a lubricating base oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of 10% by mass or less is a polar solvent. And a solvent is removed from the product (raffinate) to produce a process oil having a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content of less than 3% by mass. By using countercurrent contact method, furfural is used as a polar solvent, the solvent ratio is 0.5 to 2.5, the extraction tower top temperature is 60 to 115 ° C., the bottom temperature is 45 to 80 ° C., and the extraction tower top temperature is higher than the bottom temperature. A process oil production method characterized in that the process oil is produced under certain conditions. 残渣油として、アスファルテン含有量0.1〜2.0質量%、多環芳香族炭化水素含有量20質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素20質量%以上、及び100℃における動粘度60〜400mm2/s、密度0.900〜1.200g/cm3 (900〜1200kg/m 3 、である減圧残油および/または脱歴油を用い、潤滑油基油として、多環芳香族炭化水素含有量が10質量%以下、芳香族炭化水素5質量%以上、100℃における動粘度5〜70mm2/sのものを用いる、請求項1記載のプロセスオイルの製造方法であって、該プロセスオイルがさらに下記の要件を満足するプロセスオイルの製造方法。
(1)芳香族炭化水素含有量が18質量%以上
(2)極性化合物含有量が25質量%以下
(3)100℃における動粘度が10〜70mm2/s
As residual oil, asphaltene content 0.1-2.0% by mass, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content 20% by mass or less, aromatic hydrocarbon 20% by mass or more, and kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. 60-400 mm 2 / s, density 0.900 to 1.200 g / cm 3 (900 to 1200 kg / m 3 ) , reduced pressure residual oil and / or history oil, and as a lubricating base oil, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content Is a process oil production method according to claim 1, wherein the process oil has a kinematic viscosity of 5 to 70 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C. A process oil manufacturing method that satisfies the following requirements.
(1) Aromatic hydrocarbon content is 18% by mass or more (2) Polar compound content is 25% by mass or less (3) Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° C. is 10 to 70 mm 2 / s
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