JP4573824B2 - Lubricating device for vertical type engine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention includes a crankcase for supporting a vertically placed crankshaft and a pair of banks extending in a V shape from the side walls of the crankcase , and a pair of upper and lower drive timing pulleys are fixed to the crankshaft. On the other hand, driven timing pulleys are fixed to camshafts arranged in the valve chambers of the head portions of both banks, and are formed in the cylinder blocks of both banks to communicate between the crankcase and the valve chambers. The present invention relates to a vertical type engine in which a pair of upper and lower timing belts wound around a driving timing pulley and a driven timing pulley are arranged in a belt path to be driven, and more particularly to a lubricating device for lubricating the inside of the engine.

As an engine lubrication device, a splash lubrication device using an oil slinger is known from, for example, Patent Document 1, and an oil pump is used to draw oil sucked from an oil reservoir around the crankshaft or a valve mechanism. A forced-type lubrication device that pumps to the entire lubrication part is also known, for example, from Patent Document 2.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-34108 Japanese Patent No. 2727794

  By the way, the splash type lubrication device has a simple structure and can be obtained at a relatively low cost. However, the oil slinger is generally arranged at the center of the oil sump because of the relation of connecting the transmission device for driving the crankshaft. For this reason, it is necessary to set the amount of oil stored in the oil sump sufficiently so that the oil slinger is not exposed on the liquid level even when the engine is tilted. When operating in a horizontal state, the amount of oil slinger immersed in the oil becomes excessive, leading to power loss due to oil agitation resistance.

  The forced lubrication system can supply the oil discharged from the oil pump to all the lubrication parts of the engine with almost no influence on the change in the operating posture of the engine. The pump is inevitably configured with a large capacity, and the cost is inevitable.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. In addition to the combined use of splash-type lubrication and forced-type lubrication, an oil pump having a small capacity and simplification of its transmission system has been proposed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vertical engine lubrication device that can effectively lubricate the entire interior of the engine including the engine and can effectively suppress the cost increase as a whole.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a crankcase for supporting a vertically installed crankshaft and a pair of banks extending in a V shape from the side wall of the crankcase , and a pair of upper and lower drive timing pulleys. Is fixed to the crankshaft, and camshaft driven timing pulleys disposed in the valve operating chambers of the head portions of the banks are fixed to the crankshaft. In a vertical type engine in which a pair of upper and lower timing belts wound around a drive timing pulley and a driven timing pulley are arranged in a belt passage communicating between the inner and valve train chambers, the belt chamber is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder block. , it forms the bottom of the crankcase to the oil sump, by immersing a part in an oil in the oil sump And oil slinger for scattered-yl, a common transmission which drives the pump drive shaft of the oil pump being immersed in said oil reservoir oil, and connected to a crank shaft between the pair of upper and lower drive timing pulleys, the oil The pump discharge port is connected to the lubricating oil passage in the crankshaft.

According to the above feature of the present invention, during operation of the engine, the oil slinger and the oil pump are driven from the crankshaft through a common transmission. According to the rotation of the oil slinger, the scattered oil can enter not only the crankcase but also the valve chambers of both banks through the belt passages of both banks, thereby lubricating each part in the engine. In addition, the oil pump is forced to supply the oil to the crankshaft, so that if the engine is operated in an inclined state, the amount of oil slinger immersed in the oil is extremely reduced and scattered. Even if the amount of oil is low, the oil pump that is completely immersed in the oil in the oil reservoir continues to supply oil to the crankshaft due to its operation, and the part that receives a heavy load on the crankshaft is still forcibly lubricated, The engine will continue to operate without any problem. Accordingly, the amount of oil stored in the oil sump can be set as small as possible without considering the tilting posture of the engine, thereby reducing power loss due to the stirring resistance of the oil slinger.

  Since the oil pump is used only for lubrication around the crankshaft, it can be of a relatively small capacity and can be obtained at low cost. In particular, the oil pump and the oil slinger can be driven from the crankshaft via a common transmission device, so there is no need to provide a dedicated transmission device for each. Therefore, the combined use of the oil pump and oil slinger increases the cost. Can be effectively suppressed.

  The form of the Example of this invention is demonstrated below based on the suitable Example of this invention shown to an accompanying drawing.

  FIG. 1 is a vertical side view of a vertical engine provided with the lubricating device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG.

  First, in FIGS. 1 to 3, the vertical engine E includes a crankcase 2 that supports a vertically placed crankshaft 1 and a pair of left and right banks Ba and Bb that extend in a V shape from the side wall thereof. The crankcase 2 includes a crankcase body 2a having an open bottom surface and a lid 2b coupled to the lower end of the crankcase body 2a by a bolt 3. The upper and lower journals 1j and 1j 'of the crankshaft 1 The ball bearing 4 mounted on the upper wall of the crankcase body 2a and the bearing boss 5 formed on the lid 2b are rotatably supported. An oil seal 6 is disposed outside the ball bearing 4, and an oil seal 7 is disposed outside the inner peripheral surface of the bearing boss 5.

  A bracket 8 fixed to a frame of various working machines is integrally formed on the lid 2b, and a lower end portion of the crankshaft 1 protruding below the lid 2b serves as an output unit for driving various working machines. Yes. Further, the rotor 10r of the generator 10 is fixed to the upper end portion of the crankshaft 1 together with the cooling fan 11, and the stator 10s of the generator 10 is attached to the upper end surface of the crankcase body 2a.

  Each of the banks Ba and Bb has a cylinder block 14 integrally provided with a head portion 13 coupled to the side wall of the crankcase 2 by a bolt 12 and a head cover 15 coupled to an end surface of the head portion 13. The piston 16 slidably fitted in the cylinder bore 14 a of the cylinder block 14 is connected to the crank pin 1 p of the crankshaft 1 via the connecting rod 17. At that time, the connecting rods 17 of the left and right banks Ba and Bb are connected to the same crank pin 1p.

  Each head portion 13 is provided with an intake valve 20 and an exhaust valve 21, and a valve mechanism 22 for opening and closing them is disposed in a valve chamber 23 between the head portion 13 and the head cover 15. The cam shaft 24 of the valve mechanism 22 is rotatably supported by the corresponding head portion 13 in parallel with the crankshaft 1.

  In the crankcase 2, a pair of upper and lower drive timing pulleys 25 and 25 are fixed to the lower portion of the crankshaft 1. In the valve chambers 23 of the left and right banks Ba and Bb, a driven timing pulley 26 is fixedly provided below the camshaft 24. Between the left and right driven pulleys 26 and 26 and the upper and lower drive timing pulleys 25 and 25, respectively. Timing belts 27 and 27 are respectively wound around the belt. The timing belts 27 and 27 are disposed on the lower side walls of the corresponding banks Ba and Bb so as to pass through a belt passage 28 that communicates between the crankcase 2 and the valve operating chamber 23.

  Now, a lubricating device for the engine E will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 5, and 6, the bottom of the crankcase 2 is formed in an oil sump 30. In the lubricating oil O stored in the oil reservoir 30, a part of the scattering blade 31a of the oil slinger 31 with the axis placed horizontally is immersed, and the oil pump 32 with the axis placed vertically is immersed entirely. The The oil slinger 31 and the oil pump 32 are driven from the crankshaft 1 through a common transmission device 33. The transmission device 33 includes a drive gear 34 fixed to the crankshaft 1 between the pair of drive timing pulleys 25, 25, and a driven gear 35 that meshes with the drive gear 34. A pump drive shaft 42 of the oil pump 32 is fixed to the portion, and a final driven gear 35 ′ formed integrally with the side surface of the oil slinger 31 is meshed with the driven gear 35.

  The oil pump 32 is connected to a horizontal pump mounting surface 36 formed on the lid 2b and one level higher than the bottom surface of the oil reservoir 30 with a bolt 37, and is rotatably mounted on the pump housing 38. The outer rotor 40 and an inner rotor 41 that meshes the outer teeth with the inner teeth of the outer rotor 40 constitute a trochoid type. The pump drive shaft 42 is rotatably supported by a longitudinal boss 43 formed integrally with the upper wall of the pump housing 38. A lateral boss 44 is integrally formed on the side wall of the longitudinal boss 43, whereby a support shaft 45 coupled to the center of the oil slinger 31 is rotatably supported.

  In FIGS. 1, 4 and 6, the inlet 46a of the suction port 46 formed in the pump housing 38 opens toward the bottom surface of the oil reservoir 30, and the inlet 46a includes the pump mounting surface 36 and the pump. An oil strainer 47 made of a punching plate sandwiched between the housings 38 is disposed. Further, a rib 48 surrounding the inlet 46 a is provided on the bottom surface of the oil reservoir 30, and a notch 49 is provided in the rib 48 so that the oil O in the oil reservoir 30 is sucked through the notch 49. It has become.

  A leak hole 53 communicating with the inside and outside of the suction port 46 is formed in the side wall of the suction port 46. The leak hole 53 is exposed on the liquid level when the liquid level of the oil sump 30 falls below a predetermined alarm level Lc. The oil slinger 31 has its lower end at the alarm level Lc, that is, the leak hole. It is arranged so as to be below the distance e by a predetermined distance e.

  One end of the first oil pipe 51 is fitted into the discharge port 50 formed in the pump housing 38 via a seal member 55. The pump housing 38 is equipped with a relief valve 63 (FIG. 4) that opens when the pressure of the discharge port 50 becomes excessive and releases the excess pressure into the crankcase 2.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, an inlet port 59 and an outlet port 60 connected to the unpurified chamber 57 and the purification chamber 57 of the oil filter 56 are respectively provided on the side wall of the crankcase body 2 a to which the oil filter 56 is mounted. The other end of the first oil pipe 51 is fitted to the inlet port 59 via a seal member 55.

  One end portion of the second oil pipe 52 is fitted to the outlet port 60 via a seal member 55, and the other end portion is connected to an oil passage inlet 61 formed in the bearing boss 5 via the seal member. It is inserted through. Thus, the first and second oil pipes 51 and 52 and their connecting portions are arranged in the crankcase 2. The second oil pipe 52 is bent in a crank shape, and an intermediate portion thereof is supported by a support piece 62 fixed to the lid body 2b.

  A crescent-shaped lubricating oil groove 65 that can communicate with the oil passage inlet 61 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower journal 1j ′ of the crankshaft 1 supported by the bearing boss 5. A lubricating oil passage 66 reaching the outer peripheral surface of the crankpin 1p from the road entrance 61 is formed.

  The crankcase body 2a is also provided with a hydraulic pressure detection hole 67 communicating with the outlet port 60, and a pressure sensor 68 is mounted on the crankcase main body 2a so that the pressure receiving portion faces the hydraulic pressure detection hole 67. The oil pressure sensor 68 has an output terminal connected to an alarm device 69 composed of an alarm light, a buzzer or the like. When the discharge pressure of the oil pump 32 falls below a predetermined value, the oil pressure sensor 68 detects that and outputs the alarm device 69. Can be activated.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the tip end of the support shaft 45 protrudes from the outer surface of the oil slinger 31, and a centrifugal governor 71 is attached to the protruding end portion, and a throttle (not shown) via the link mechanism 70. The valve is controlled.

  In FIG. 6, La and Lb indicate the upper and lower limit levels of the liquid level of the oil sump 30 indicated by the oil gauge.

  Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

When the driven gear 35 is driven from the drive gear 34 by the rotation of the crankshaft 1 during the operation of the engine E, the driven gear 35 directly drives the final driven gear 35 ', that is, the oil slinger 31, and the pump drive shaft 42. The inner rotor 41 of the oil pump 32 is driven. Then, according to the rotation of the oil slinger 31, the oil O in the oil reservoir 30 is scattered, and the scattered oil moves not only in the crankcase 2 but also in the belt passages 28 and the valve chambers 23 of both banks OO , Lubricate each part in the engine E. That is, splash lubrication is performed.

  Further, according to the rotation of the oil pump inner rotor 41, the oil in the oil reservoir 30 sucked from the suction port 46 is discharged from the discharge port 50 to the first oil pipe 51 in cooperation with the outer rotor 40. Therefore, the oil is pumped to the oil filter 56, purified, and then pumped from the oil passage inlet 61 to the lubricating oil groove 65 and the lubricating oil passage 66 through the second oil pipe 52. Therefore, the lower journal of the crankshaft 1 Only 1j ′ and the crank pin 1p can be forcibly lubricated.

  Therefore, even if the amount of oil slinger 31 immersed in the oil O is reduced by the operation of the engine E in the inclined state, and the amount of scattered oil generated is reduced, The fully immersed oil pump 32 continues to supply oil to the lubrication groove 65 and the lubrication oil passage 66 of the crankshaft 1 due to its operation, and particularly still remains around the lower journal 1j 'and the crankpin 1p that are subjected to a large load. The oil can be forcibly lubricated, and the operation of the engine E is continued without any trouble. This means that the amount of oil stored in the oil sump 30 can be set as small as possible without considering the inclination posture of the engine E, thereby reducing power loss due to the stirring resistance of the oil slinger 31. Can do.

  Since the oil O in the oil sump 30 is consumed slightly during the operation of the engine E, the liquid level of the oil sump 30 drops below the lower alarm level Lc below the lower limit level Lb over a long period of time. There are things to do. In such a case, the oil pump 32 exposes the leak hole 53 communicating with the suction port 46 on the liquid surface of the oil reservoir 30, so that the air in the crankcase 2 is sucked from the leak hole 53. , The pump efficiency is lowered, the discharge pressure becomes less than the predetermined value, and the hydraulic sensor 68 that detects this causes the alarm 69 to operate so that the operator senses that the oil reservoir 30 should be refilled with oil. Can do.

  In this way, the amount of oil supplied to the crankshaft 1 is reduced due to the reduction in pump efficiency of the oil pump 32, but this does not hinder the forced lubrication of the crankshaft 1. In addition, since the lower end of the oil slinger 31 is located below the leak hole 53 by a predetermined distance e, the oil slinger 31 can continue to generate the scattered oil to some extent and continue the scattering lubrication. Therefore, even after that, the engine E can be operated in a short time.

  By the way, the oil pump 32 is used only for lubrication around the lower journal 1j 'and the crankpin 1p of the crankshaft 1, so that it has a relatively small capacity and can be obtained at low cost. In addition, since the transmission 33 that drives the oil slinger 31 is used to drive the oil pump 32, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated transmission. Therefore, the cost increase due to the combined use of forced lubrication can be effectively suppressed.

  The first oil pipe 51 that guides oil from the oil pump 32 to the oil filter 56, the second oil pipe 52 that guides oil from the oil filter 56 to the crankshaft 1, and their connecting parts are all in the crankcase 2. Therefore, even if oil leaks from the first and second oil pipes 51 and 52 and their connecting portions, they are immediately returned to the oil reservoir 30, and leakage to the outside can be surely prevented.

  Further, the inlet 46 a of the suction port 46 covered with the oil strainer 47 of the oil pump 32 rises a certain distance from the bottom surface of the oil reservoir 30 and is surrounded by the rib 48, so that foreign matter that accumulates at the bottom of the oil reservoir 30. It is possible to reduce the burden on the oil strainer 47 while preventing the suction.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention can perform a various design change in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

The vertical side view of a vertical type engine provided with the lubricating device of this invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line 5-5 of FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line 6-6 in FIG.

E ... Engine 1 ... Crankshaft 2 ... Crankcase 13 ... Head 14 ... Cylinder block 23 ... Valve chamber 24 ... Cam shaft 25 ... Drive timing pulley 26 ... Driven timing pulley 27 ... Timing belt 28 ... Belt path 30 ... Oil sump 31 ... Oil slinger 32 ...・ Oil pump 33 ・ ・ ・ ・ Transmission device

Claims (1)

A crankcase (2) for supporting the vertically placed crankshaft (1) and a pair of banks (Ba, Bb) extending in a V shape from the side wall of the crankcase (2) , and a pair of upper and lower drives A timing pulley (25, 25) is fixed to the crankshaft (1) , while a camshaft (24) disposed in the valve chamber (23) of the head portion (13) of both banks (Ba, Bb). ) The driven timing pulley (26) is fixed and formed in the cylinder block (14) of both banks (Ba, Bb) to communicate between the crankcase (2) and the valve chamber (23). In a vertical type engine in which a pair of upper and lower timing belts (27) wound around a driving timing pulley (25) and a driven timing pulley (26) are arranged in a belt passage (28),
The belt chamber (28) is provided on the lower side wall of the cylinder block (14), and the bottom of the crankcase (2) is formed in an oil sump (30), and a part of the oil in the oil sump (30) is formed. A common transmission device (33) for driving the oil slinger (31) that is immersed to scatter oil and the pump drive shaft (42) of the oil pump (32) immersed in the oil in the oil reservoir (30) The upper and lower drive timing pulleys (25, 25) are connected to the crankshaft (1), and the discharge port (50) of the oil pump (32) is connected to the lubricating oil passage (66 in the crankshaft (1)). Vertical type engine lubrication device characterized in that it communicates with

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