JP3985915B2 - Method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated substances in the waste incineration process - Google Patents
Method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated substances in the waste incineration process Download PDFInfo
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- JP3985915B2 JP3985915B2 JP05157098A JP5157098A JP3985915B2 JP 3985915 B2 JP3985915 B2 JP 3985915B2 JP 05157098 A JP05157098 A JP 05157098A JP 5157098 A JP5157098 A JP 5157098A JP 3985915 B2 JP3985915 B2 JP 3985915B2
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- waste
- acid
- phosphorous acid
- hypophosphorous
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ゴミ焼却等の廃棄物焼却処理過程における塩素化物の生成抑制方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
ゴミ焼却場等から排出される排煙中には種々の有害物質が含有されており、このような排煙中に含有される有害物質を除去するために種々の処理方法が採用されている。しかしながら、近年、ゴミ焼却場等から排出される排煙中に、ダイオキシン類（ＰＣＤＤＳ、ＰＣＤＦＳ等）のような極めて毒性の強い塩素化物が高濃度で含有されている場合があり、大きな社会問題となっている。
【０００３】
ゴミ焼却場において廃棄物を焼却処理して生じる排煙に含まれる塩素化物濃度を低下させるためには、通常、排煙中の塩化水素を除去するために行われている、排煙への水酸化カルシウム水溶液の噴霧も、ある程度は有効であると言われているが、必ずしも充分なものとは言えない。このため更に効果的に排煙中の塩素化物の濃度を低下させる方法が採用されており、例えば廃ガスを活性炭や活性コークス等の吸着剤と接触させて、排煙中の塩素化物を吸着除去する方法は、塩素化物の除去方法としては簡易で効果的な方法であるため、多くのゴミ焼却場等において採用されている。しかしながら、この方法では塩素化物を吸着した廃活性炭の処理が必要であり、廃活性炭を高温で燃焼処理するための工程増加による作業コストや、燃焼処理のための設備コストがかかるという問題があった。
【０００４】
本発明は上記従来技術の問題点に鑑みなされたもので、ゴミ焼却場等において廃棄物を焼却処理する際に生じる排煙中に含まれる塩素化物濃度を低減化することのできる廃棄物の焼却処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、本発明の廃棄物焼却処理過程における塩素化物の生成抑制方法は、廃棄物を、亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の存在下に焼却することを特徴とする。本発明方法において、廃棄物に亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を添加した際の、亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量が０．０１重量％以上となるように、亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を廃棄物に添加して処理することが好ましい。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において用いる亜リン酸類としては、亜リン酸や亜リン酸塩が用いられる。亜リン酸塩としては、例えば亜リン酸ナトリウム、亜リン酸カリウム、亜リン酸カルシウム、亜リン酸マグネシウム、亜リン酸アンモニウム、亜リン酸水素ナトリウム、亜リン酸水素カリウム、亜リン酸水素カルシウム、亜リン酸マグネシウム等が挙げられる。これらのうち、亜リン酸、亜リン酸ナトリウム、亜リン酸カルシウムが好ましい。上記、亜リン酸や亜リン酸塩は２種以上を混合して用いることができる。
【０００７】
また次亜リン酸類としては、次亜リン酸や次亜リン酸塩が用いられる。次亜リン酸塩としては、次亜リン酸ナトリウム、次亜リン酸カリウム、次亜リン酸カルシウム、次亜リン酸マグネシウム、次亜リン酸アンモニウム等が挙げられ、これらのうち、次亜リン酸、次亜リン酸ナトリウム、次亜リン酸カルシウムが好ましい。上記、次亜リン酸や次亜リン酸塩は２種以上を混合して用いることができる。また亜リン酸類と次亜リン酸類とは、どちらか一方のみを用いても、両方を混合して用いても良い。
【０００８】
本発明方法は、上記亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の存在下に廃棄物を焼却処理する方法であり、廃棄物焼却時に廃棄物に亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を添加し、必要により添加後、混合してから廃棄物を焼却処理する。廃棄物に対する亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量は、廃棄物に添加した際の亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量として、０．０１重量％以上となるように添加することが好ましく、特に０．１重量％以上添加することが好ましい。亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量の上限は特に規定されないが、あまり多量に添加しても経済的でないため、通常は廃棄物に添加した際の亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量は２０重量％以下とすることが好ましい。廃棄物に添加した際の亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の添加量が０．００１重量％未満である場合、塩素化物の生成を十分に抑制できない虞れがある。
【０００９】
廃棄物に亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を添加混合するには、亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を含む水溶液又は分散液を廃棄物に散布したり、亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を粉体のまま廃棄物に散布し、更に必要により混合器によって十分混合する方法が挙げられる。
【００１０】
本発明方法において、廃棄物焼却処理の際に、更に還元剤（例えば金属水素化物類、金属水素錯化合物、ボラン、ヒドラジン、アルカリ金属アルコール錯体、アルカリ金属等）を添加しても良い。また廃棄物の焼却には、通常の焼却装置を用いることができる。
【００１１】
【実施例】
以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
実施例１〜７、比較例１
家庭ゴミに表１に示す亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類を添加混合した後（但し、比較例１は亜リン酸類や次亜リン酸類を添加混合せず。）、ゴミ焼却装置によって家庭ゴミを焼却処理し、生成した排煙中の塩素化物の濃度を測定した。塩素化物濃度は、厚生省生活衛生局水道環境部環境整備課「廃棄物処理におけるダイオキシン類標準測定分析マニュアル」に準じて測定した。また、塩素化物濃度の測定は、バグフィルター出口において測定した。結果を表１にあわせて示す。
【００１２】
【表１】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明方法は、廃棄物を亜リン酸類及び／又は次亜リン酸類の存在下で焼却処理することにより、排煙中のダイオキシン等の塩素化物の濃度を低減化することができ、廃棄物の焼却過程において生じたダイオキシン等を活性炭等の吸着剤によって吸着除去する方法のように、廃吸着剤処理のための特別な設備や工程が不要であり、低コストで効率良く排煙中の塩素化物濃度の低減化に貢献できる等の効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for suppressing the generation of chlorinated substances in a waste incineration process such as garbage incineration.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Various harmful substances are contained in the flue gas discharged from a garbage incinerator or the like, and various treatment methods are employed to remove the harmful substances contained in such flue gas. However, in recent years, there are cases where extremely toxic chlorinated substances such as dioxins (PCDDS, PCDFS, etc.) are contained at high concentrations in the flue gas discharged from garbage incineration plants. It has become.
[0003]
In order to reduce the concentration of chlorinated substances contained in the flue gas generated by incineration of waste at a garbage incineration plant, water is usually used to remove hydrogen chloride in the flue gas. Although spraying with an aqueous calcium oxide solution is said to be effective to some extent, it is not always sufficient. For this reason, a method for reducing the concentration of chlorinated substances in flue gas more effectively is adopted. For example, waste gas is brought into contact with an adsorbent such as activated carbon or activated coke to adsorb and remove chlorinated substances in flue gas. This method is a simple and effective method for removing chlorinated substances, and is used in many garbage incinerators. However, this method requires treatment of the waste activated carbon that adsorbs the chlorinated product, and there is a problem that the work cost due to the increase in the process for burning the waste activated carbon at a high temperature and the equipment cost for the combustion treatment are required. .
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and incineration of waste that can reduce the concentration of chlorinated substances contained in the flue gas generated when incineration waste in a garbage incinerator or the like An object is to provide a processing method.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated products in the waste incineration process of the present invention is characterized in that the waste is incinerated in the presence of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid. In the method of the present invention, as during addition of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid waste, the amount of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid is 0.01 wt% or more, nitrous It is preferable to add phosphoric acids and / or hypophosphorous acids to the waste for treatment.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As phosphorous acid used in the present invention, phosphorous acid and phosphite are used. Examples of phosphites include sodium phosphite, potassium phosphite, calcium phosphite, magnesium phosphite, ammonium phosphite, sodium hydrogen phosphite, potassium hydrogen phosphite, calcium hydrogen phosphite, Examples thereof include magnesium phosphate. Of these, phosphorous acid, sodium phosphite, and calcium phosphite are preferable. The above phosphorous acid and phosphite can be used in combination of two or more.
[0007]
Further, hypophosphorous acid and hypophosphite are used as hypophosphorous acids. Examples of hypophosphites include sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite, calcium hypophosphite, magnesium hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, etc. Sodium phosphite and calcium hypophosphite are preferred. The above hypophosphorous acid and hypophosphite can be used in combination of two or more. Further, either one of phosphorous acid and hypophosphorous acid may be used, or both may be mixed and used.
[0008]
The method of the present invention is a method for incinerating waste in the presence of the above phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid, and adding phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid to the waste at the time of waste incineration. If necessary, add and mix, then incinerate the waste. The amount of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid added to the waste is 0.01 % by weight or more as the amount of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid added to the waste. It is preferable to add, and it is particularly preferable to add 0.1% by weight or more. The upper limit of the amount of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid added is not particularly specified, but it is not economical to add too much, so usually phosphorous acid and / or hyponitrous acid when added to waste The amount of phosphoric acid added is preferably 20% by weight or less. If the amount of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid added to the waste is less than 0.001% by weight, the production of chlorinated products may not be sufficiently suppressed.
[0009]
In order to add and mix phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid to waste, an aqueous solution or dispersion containing phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid is sprayed on the waste, phosphorous acid and / or There is a method in which hypophosphorous acid is sprayed on the waste in the form of powder, and if necessary, it is sufficiently mixed by a mixer.
[0010]
In the method of the present invention, a reducing agent (for example, metal hydride, metal hydrogen complex compound, borane, hydrazine, alkali metal alcohol complex, alkali metal, etc.) may be further added during the waste incineration treatment. A normal incinerator can be used for incineration of waste.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.
Examples 1-7, Comparative Example 1
After adding and mixing phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acid shown in Table 1 to household waste (however, Comparative Example 1 does not add and mix phosphorous acid and hypophosphorous acid), and then the household waste is incinerated by a garbage incinerator. Garbage was incinerated and the concentration of chlorinated substances in the generated flue gas was measured. The concentration of chlorinated substances was measured in accordance with the “Dioxin Standard Measurement and Analysis Manual for Waste Disposal”, Environmental Management Division, Water Environment Department, Ministry of Health and Welfare. The chloride concentration was measured at the bag filter outlet. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0012]
[Table 1]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention method as described above, by incineration of waste under existence of phosphorous acid and / or hypophosphorous acids, to reduce the concentration of chlorides such as dioxins in the flue gas This eliminates the need for special equipment and processes for waste adsorbent treatment, such as the method of adsorbing and removing dioxins, etc. generated in the incineration process of waste with an adsorbent such as activated carbon. There are effects such as being able to contribute to reducing the concentration of chlorinated substances in flue gas.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05157098A JP3985915B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated substances in the waste incineration process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05157098A JP3985915B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated substances in the waste incineration process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11230516A JPH11230516A (en) | 1999-08-27 |
| JP3985915B2 true JP3985915B2 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
Family
ID=12890632
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05157098A Expired - Fee Related JP3985915B2 (en) | 1998-02-17 | 1998-02-17 | Method for suppressing the formation of chlorinated substances in the waste incineration process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3985915B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1016446B1 (en) * | 1998-12-28 | 2004-06-30 | Miyoshi Yushi Kabushiki Kaisha | Method of making flue gas harmless |
-
1998
- 1998-02-17 JP JP05157098A patent/JP3985915B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH11230516A (en) | 1999-08-27 |
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