JP3434110B2 - Desiccant air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a desiccant air conditioner using an absorption heat pump as a heat source for heating and cooling.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Desiccant air conditioners are disclosed in US Pat.
No. 00,537. In the desiccant type air conditioner shown in this known example, a heat source having a temperature of about 100 to 150 ° C. is required as a heat source for regenerating the desiccant (hygroscopic agent), and an electric heater or a boiler is exclusively used as a heat source. It was Due to the recent improvement of the desiccant, a desiccant air conditioner capable of reproducing the desiccant even at a temperature of 60 to 80 ° C. has been developed and can be operated with a heat source having a low temperature.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of a known desiccant type air conditioner thus improved (hereinafter referred to as desiccant air conditioner), and FIG. 7 shows an operating state of the air conditioner of the embodiment of FIG. It is the Mollier diagram shown. Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 6
Reference numeral 01 is an air-conditioned space, 102 is a blower, 103 is a desiccant rotor containing a desiccant material that can selectively come into contact with treated air and regenerated air, 104 is a sensible heat exchanger, 105 is a humidifier, and 106 is a humidifier. Water supply pipe, 10
7 to 111 are air passages for conditioned air, 130 is a blower for regenerated air, 120 is a heat exchanger (heater) for hot water and regenerated air, 121 is a sensible heat exchanger, 122 and 123 are hot water pipes, and 124 to 129. Is an air passage for regenerated air Further, in the drawing, alphabets K to V surrounded by circles are symbols showing the state of air corresponding to FIG. 7, and SA is air supply and RA
Represents return air, OA represents outside air, and EX represents exhaust air.

The operation of this conventional device will be described below.
In FIG. 6, the air in the room 101 to be air-conditioned (processed air) is sucked by the blower 102 via the path 107, is pressurized, and is sent to the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 108 to remove moisture in the air by the desiccant rotor. Adsorbed and absolute humidity decreases. During adsorption, the temperature of the air rises due to the heat of adsorption. The air whose humidity has dropped and whose temperature has risen is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 109 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air (regenerated air). Cooled air is route 1
After being sent to the humidifier 105 via 10, the temperature is lowered in the isenthalpic process by water injection or vaporization humidification, and is returned to the air-conditioned space 101 via the path 111.

Since the desiccant adsorbs water in this process, it needs to be regenerated. In this conventional example, it is carried out as follows using outside air. The outside air (OA) is sucked by the blower 130 via the path 124, is pressurized, and is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104. The processed air is cooled, and the temperature of the outside air itself rises. Flows in and heat-exchanges with the hot air after regeneration to raise the temperature. Further sensible heat exchanger 1
The regenerated air exiting 21 passes through the route 126 and the hot water heat exchanger 1
20 and heated by hot water, the temperature rises to 60 to 80 ° C. and the relative humidity decreases. The regenerated air with reduced relative humidity passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove moisture from the desiccant rotor. The regenerated air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 passes through the path 128 and the sensible heat exchanger 121.
Flow into the chamber and perform residual heat of the regenerated air before regeneration, then route 1
After passing through 29, it is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas.

The process up to this point will be described with reference to the Mollier diagram. In FIG. 7, the air in the room 101 to be conditioned (processed air: state K) passes through the path 107 and the blower 102.
Is sucked in and pressure-increased to be sent to the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 108, the moisture in the air is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor hygroscopic agent, the absolute humidity is lowered and the temperature of the air is raised by the adsorption heat (state L). The air whose humidity has dropped and whose temperature has risen is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 109 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air (regenerated air) (state M). The cooled air passes through the path 110 and the humidifier 105.
The temperature is lowered in the isenthalpic process by water injection or vaporization-type humidification (state P) and returned to the air-conditioned space 101 via the path 111. In this way, return air (K) in the room
And the supply air (P), an enthalpy difference ΔQ is generated, whereby the air-conditioned space 101 is cooled.

The desiccant reproduction is performed as follows.
The outside air (OA: state Q) passes through the path 124 and the blower 130.
Is sucked into and pressurized and sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 to cool the process air and raise its temperature (state R) in the path 12
After passing through 5, it flows into the next sensible heat exchanger 121 and exchanges heat with the hot air after regeneration to raise the temperature (state S). Further, the regenerated air that has left the sensible heat exchanger 121 flows into the heater 120 through the path 126 and is heated by hot water to be 60-80.
The temperature rises to ℃ and the relative humidity decreases (state T). The regenerated air with reduced relative humidity passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove the moisture in the desiccant rotor (state U). The regenerated air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 128, and performs the residual heat of the regenerated air before the regeneration to lower the temperature itself (state V).
After that, it is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas via the route 129. In this way, the desiccant air conditioning has been performed by repeatedly performing the desiccant regeneration, the dehumidification and the cooling of the treated air.

The coefficient of operation (COP) indicating the energy efficiency of the desiccant air-conditioning thus constructed is a value (ΔQ / ΔH) obtained by dividing the cooling effect ΔQ in FIG. 7 by the regeneration heating amount ΔH.
In the conventional desiccant air conditioning, the operating temperature of the hot water for heating the regeneration air was lower than in the initial desiccant air conditioning, but the boiler used as the desiccant regeneration heat source, and Since high-quality energy (exergy) of heat quantity was used as heat quantity of less than 1 at a low temperature of less than 100 ° C., other heat-driven refrigerators (for example, double-effect absorption refrigerator) were used to remove air. There is a drawback that the coefficient of operation (COP) is lower than that of an air conditioning system that cools and dehumidifies.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and as a heat source machine instead of a boiler, a drive input heat quantity added from the outside for heating regenerated air and an evaporation pumped from a low temperature. A heating source at an intermediate temperature of about 80 to 100 ° C. capable of taking out the amount of heat added with heat, and a cooling source of about 10 ° C. for cooling the air that can be further cooled in the process of cooling the process air performed during the desiccant air conditioning cycle. By combining an absorption heat pump (including a refrigerator) that can be supplied together as a heat source, the energy efficiency of desiccant air conditioning is improved, and the desiccant air conditioning system that cools and dehumidifies air using a conventional refrigerator exceeds the energy efficiency of the desiccant. The purpose is to provide an air conditioner.

[0010]

According to the present invention, in a desiccant air conditioner using an absorption heat pump as a heat source for heating and cooling, the absorption heat pump comprises:
A low pressure evaporator, a high pressure evaporator operating at a pressure higher than the low pressure evaporator, a low pressure absorber, a high pressure absorber operating at a pressure higher than the low pressure absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser. And a heat exchange means for forming a heat exchange relationship between the low-pressure absorber and the high-pressure evaporator for heating the high-pressure evaporator with the heat absorbed by the low-pressure absorber, and the refrigerant evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator is A hot water path in which the low-pressure absorber absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator and the high-pressure absorber absorbs the refrigerant, and the heater for desiccant regeneration exchanges heat with the high-pressure absorber and the condenser. In addition, the cooler for the process air supplied to the air-conditioned space has a cold water passage for exchanging heat with the low-pressure evaporator. Further, the desiccant includes a desiccant rotor capable of selectively contacting the treated air and the regenerated air, and a sensible heat exchanger having the treated air and the regenerated air as a heat exchange medium, and the heater heats the regenerated air. The cooling device is provided in the path between the sensible heat exchanger and the air-conditioned space to cool the process air by using the heat of evaporation of the low pressure evaporator as a cooling heat source. The heater is provided on the way from the sensible heat exchanger to the desiccant rotor, and uses the heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser as heating sources.

Further, according to the present invention, in a heat pump for heating and cooling heat sources of a desiccant air conditioner, a low pressure evaporator, a high pressure evaporator operating at a pressure higher than that of the low pressure evaporator, a low pressure absorber, and A high-pressure absorber operating at a higher pressure than the low-pressure absorber, a regenerator, and a condenser, and a low-pressure absorber and a high-pressure evaporator for heating the high-pressure evaporator with heat absorbed by the low-pressure absorber. Has a heat exchange means for forming a heat exchange relationship, and the low-pressure evaporator absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator, and the high-pressure absorber absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator, As a heating source, there is a hot water path for taking out the absorption heat of the high pressure absorber and the condensation heat of the condenser, and as a cooling heat source, there is a cold water path for taking out the evaporation heat of the low pressure evaporator.

As a heat source for desiccant air conditioning, the desiccant air conditioner combined with the absorption heat pump or the refrigerator of the present invention configured as described above adds the heat of vaporization of the low pressure evaporator to the drive input heat quantity applied to the regenerator. A heat amount corresponding to the heat amount is used as heat of condensation and heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber. Heat medium, that is, 80 to 100 for desiccant regeneration.
It can be used as a heating source at an intermediate temperature of about ℃,
Furthermore, the heat of vaporization of the low-pressure evaporator can be used as a cooling heat source of about 10 ° C. in the process of cooling the air performed during the desiccant air conditioning cycle, so that the primary energy required for desiccant regeneration can be saved. Therefore, it is possible to provide a desiccant air-conditioning system having an increased cooling effect and thus a high coefficient of operation.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic construction of a desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention. Of these, the absorption heat pump part is a low pressure evaporator 3, a high pressure evaporator 13 operating at a higher pressure than the low pressure evaporator, Mainly comprises a low-pressure absorber 1, a high-pressure absorber 11 operating at a higher pressure than the low-pressure absorber, a regenerator 2, a condenser 4, and a first heat exchanger 5 and a second heat exchanger 15 for absorbing solution. Low pressure absorber 1
The low-pressure absorber 1 so that the high-pressure evaporator 13 is heated by the absorption heat of
And the high-pressure evaporator 13 form a heat exchange device 21, that is, a heat transfer tube in the illustrated example, and the low-pressure absorber 1 absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator 3 and the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator 13 becomes high-pressure. The absorber 11 is configured to absorb.

In the absorption solution path of the absorption heat pump configured as described above, the solution discharged from the low pressure absorber 1 flows into the regenerator 2 via the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 15. Then, the solution leaving the regenerator 2 flows into the high pressure absorber 11 via the second heat exchanger 15, and the solution leaving the high pressure absorber 11 passes via the first heat exchanger 5. It is configured to return to the low-pressure absorber 1.

Further, in the refrigerant path of the absorption heat pump, the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4, the refrigerant exiting the condenser 4 is split into two, and one path is the throttling mechanism 7. Via the low pressure evaporator 3 to be vaporized in the low pressure evaporator 3 and then into the low pressure absorber 1 to be absorbed by the solution system, and the other path is via the throttling mechanism 17 to the high pressure evaporator 3. It is configured such that it becomes a path in which it flows into the high pressure evaporator 13 and then flows into the high pressure absorber 11 and is absorbed by the solution system.

The path of the carrier medium (hot water) that takes out the heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser as a heating source passes from the absorber heat transfer tube 30 of the high-pressure absorber to the condenser heat transfer tube 31 in this order. The path of the carrier medium (cold water) which is configured to be exchanged and which takes out the evaporation heat of the low pressure evaporator as a cooling heat source is connected to the heat transfer pipe 32 of the low pressure evaporator. In FIG. 1, the hot water pipe and the cold water pipe of the absorption heat pump configured as described above are connected to a desiccant air conditioner shown below via a cold water pump 160 and a hot water pump 150, respectively.

The air conditioner portion of the desiccant air conditioner shown in FIG. 1 is constructed as follows. The air-conditioned space 101 is connected to the suction port of the blower 102 of the treated air via the path 107, and the discharge port of the blower 102 is the desiccant rotor 1.
03 through the path 108, the desiccant rotor 1
The outlet of the treated air of 03 is connected to the sensible heat exchanger 104 having a heat exchange relationship with the regenerated air via the passage 109, and the outlet of the treated air of the sensible heat exchanger 104 is the cold water heat exchanger 115 and the passage 110. The outlet of the processing air of the cooler 115 is connected to the humidifier 105 via the path 119, and the outlet of the processing air of the humidifier 105 is connected to the air-conditioned space 101 and the path 11.
1 to form a cycle of process air.

On the other hand, the air path for regeneration connects the outside air to the suction port of the blower 130 for regeneration air via the path 124, and the discharge port of the blower 130 has a sensible heat exchange in a heat exchange relationship with the process air. The sensible heat exchanger 10 is connected to the vessel 104.
The outlet of the regenerated air of No. 4 is connected to the low temperature side inlet of another sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 125, and the sensible heat exchanger 121
Of the desiccant rotor 103 is connected to the regeneration air inlet of the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 127, and the regeneration air outlet of the heater 120 is connected to the regeneration air outlet of the desiccant rotor 103 via the passage 126. Is connected to the high temperature side inlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 via a path 128, and the high temperature side outlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 is connected to an external space via a path 129 to take in regenerated air from the outside. Form a cycle of exhausting to the outside.

The heat medium (hot water) inlet of the heater 120 is connected to the outlet of the high pressure absorber 11 of the hot water path of the absorption heat pump via the path 122, and the hot water outlet of the heater 120 connects the path 123 and the hot water pump 150. It is connected to the inlet of the condenser 4 in the hot water path of the absorption heat pump. Further, the cold water inlet of the cooler 115 is connected to the outlet of the low pressure evaporator 3 of the cold water path of the absorption heat pump via the path 117,
The chilled water outlet of the cooler 115 is the path 118 and the pump 16
Low-pressure evaporator 3 in the cold water path of the absorption heat pump
Connect to the entrance of. In the figure, the alphabets K to V surrounded by circles are symbols showing the state of air corresponding to FIG. 4, SA is supply air, RA is return air, OA is outside air, EX
Represents exhaust gas.

Next, the absorption cycle of the absorption heat pump portion of the desiccant air conditioner constructed as described above will be described. The absorbing solution is heated in the regenerator 2 from an external heat source (not shown) via the heat transfer tube 33 to generate a refrigerant vapor, and after being concentrated, reaches the high pressure absorber 11 via the second heat exchanger 15. . In the high-pressure absorber 11, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator 13, is diluted, and then reaches the low-pressure absorber 1 via the first heat exchanger 5. In the low-pressure absorber 1, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator 3, and after being diluted, the first heat exchanger 5, the second heat exchanger 5
It returns to the regenerator 2 via the heat exchanger 15 of FIG. High pressure absorber 11
In order to use the absorption heat generated during absorption as a heat source for desiccant regeneration, a heat transfer medium such as hot water and a heat transfer tube 30 are used.
Is heat exchanged by.

In the low pressure absorber 1, the absorption heat generated during absorption is exchanged by the heat transfer tube 21 for use as a heating source of the high pressure evaporator 13 in the internal cycle. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 and is condensed.
In the condenser 4, the heat of condensation generated during condensation is used as a heat source for regenerating the desiccant, so that the heat transfer pipe 31
Is heat exchanged by.

The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 4 is divided into two, and one path flows into the low-pressure evaporator 3 via the throttle mechanism 7 and removes heat from a heat medium such as cold water by the heat transfer pipe 32. After being vaporized, it flows into the low-pressure absorber 1 and is absorbed by the solution system. The other route flows into the high-pressure evaporator 13 via the throttle mechanism 17 and the heat transfer pipe 21 absorbs heat absorbed from the low-pressure absorber 1. High-pressure absorber 11 after depriving and evaporating
It is configured so that it becomes a route that flows into and is absorbed by the solution system. The heat transfer tube 21 of the low-pressure absorber 1 may be configured such that the refrigerant in the high-pressure evaporator 13 evaporates directly in the tube without a medium, and the same operation can be performed.

The heat medium (hot water) flows from the high-pressure absorber heat transfer tube 30 to the condenser heat transfer tube 31 in this order, so that the refrigerant condensing temperature becomes higher than the solution temperature of the high-pressure absorber. If the difference in the temperature of use of hot water is set to a large value, the operating pressure of the high-pressure absorber decreases, which lowers the evaporation temperature of the high-pressure evaporator and the solution temperature of the low-pressure absorber. It has the effect of being able to operate in a state where the solution concentration is low. In the desiccant air conditioner of the present invention, since the heating process of the regenerated air is a sensible heat change, it is possible to make the difference in hot water use temperature large as described above.

On the contrary, by flowing the heat medium (warm water) from the condenser heat transfer tube 31 to the high pressure absorber heat transfer tube 30 in this order, the solution temperature of the high pressure absorber becomes higher than the refrigerant condensing temperature. If the upper limit of the pressure of 2 is limited and it is desired to keep the hot water outlet temperature high, the working pressure of the high-pressure absorber is increased by constructing such a hot-water path, which causes the evaporation temperature of the high-pressure evaporator to rise. As the temperature of the solution in the low-pressure absorber rises, the solution concentration in the entire cycle becomes high, but the pressure of the regenerator does not have to rise.

Next, the operation of the absorption heat pump portion of the desiccant air conditioner configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a Duhring diagram showing a cycle of a part of the absorption heat pump of the desiccant air conditioner of FIG. This figure shows a lithium bromide-water system that is generally used in absorption refrigerators as a representative example. The alphabetical symbols shown in the figure show the states of the absorbing solution and the refrigerant, and the same symbols surrounded by circles are also shown in FIG.
The absorbing solution was heated by an external heat source in the regenerator 2 to generate a refrigerant vapor and was condensed (state d: 150 ° C. in the example in the figure).
After passing through the second heat exchanger 15 (state e), the high pressure absorber 1
To 1. In the high-pressure absorber 11, the absorption solution is the high-pressure evaporator 1
The refrigerant evaporated in 3 is absorbed, diluted (state f) and then cooled via the first heat exchanger 5 (state g) low-pressure absorber 1
To the first heat exchanger 5 (state b) after absorbing the refrigerant evaporated in the low pressure evaporator 3 and being diluted (state a), the second
After being heated through the heat exchanger 15 (state c), it returns to the regenerator 2. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 and is condensed (state h). The condensed refrigerant is split into two,
One is that after flowing into the low-pressure evaporator 3 via the throttling mechanism 7 and taking heat from the heat medium such as cold water by the heat transfer pipe 32 to evaporate (state j), it flows into the low-pressure absorber 1 and is absorbed in the solution system. And the other path flows into the high-pressure evaporator 13 via the throttling mechanism 17 and absorbs heat absorbed from the low-pressure absorber 1 by the heat transfer tube 21 to evaporate (state k). 11 and flows through the path that is absorbed by the solution system. The absorbed heat (state a) of the low pressure absorber 1 is transferred to the high pressure evaporator 13 to evaporate the refrigerant.

In the absorption heat pump thus constructed, the high temperature heat applied to the regenerator 2 from the outside is utilized for the solution concentration, and the heat of the refrigerant vapor generated at that time is taken out from the condenser 4 as the condensation heat. The concentrated solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high pressure evaporator 13 in the high pressure absorber 11, and the heat of absorption at that time is 80 to 80% from the high pressure absorber 11.
It is taken out in the form of hot water of 100 ° C., and the heat of evaporation, which serves as a cooling heat source, is taken out of the low-pressure evaporator 13 in the form of cold water of about 10 ° C. The heat absorbed by the low-pressure absorber 1 is the same as that of the high-pressure evaporator 1.
Used in the system as the heat of vaporization of 3.

The hot water thus taken out from the absorption heat pump can be used for the regeneration of the desiccant,
Cold water can also be used to cool the process air. Looking at the heat balance of the entire cycle, the heat input to this cycle is the high temperature heat applied to the regenerator 2 from the outside and the heat taken from the cold water in the low pressure evaporator 3, and the heat output from this cycle is The heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber 11 and the heat of condensation of the condenser 4 that are added to the warm water. Therefore, in hot water,
In addition to the high-temperature heat added from the outside, the heat taken from the cold water by the low-pressure evaporator 3 is added, so that the amount of heat that can be used as a heating source is larger than the amount of heat added to the regenerator from the outside. Thus, this cycle has a heat pump action.

Next, an operation when the absorption heat pump configured as described above is combined with desiccant air conditioning will be described.
FIG. 3 is a Mollier diagram showing the operating state of the air conditioning portion of the embodiment of FIG. The operation of the desiccant air conditioner portion of the present embodiment will be described. In FIG. 1, the air (process air) in the room 101 to be air-conditioned is sucked by the blower 102 via the path 107 and the pressure thereof is increased, and the desiccant rotor 103 is moved to the path 108. The moisture in the air is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor hygroscopic agent and the absolute humidity decreases.

During adsorption, the temperature of the air rises due to the heat of adsorption. The air whose humidity has dropped and whose temperature has risen is route 109
After passing through the sensible heat exchanger 104, the sensible heat exchanger 104 is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air (regenerated air). The cooled air is sent to the cooler 115 via the path 110 and further cooled. The cooled process air is sent to the humidifier 105, and the temperature is lowered in the isenthalpic process by water injection or vaporization-type humidification, and the path 111
And is returned to the air-conditioned space 101.

Since the desiccant rotor has adsorbed water in this process, it needs to be regenerated. In this embodiment, the outside air is used as the regenerating air to carry out the following procedure.

The outside air (OA) passes through the path 124 and blower 1
The air is sucked by 30 and is pressurized and sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104, and the processing air is cooled to raise its temperature and flow into the next sensible heat exchanger 121 through the path 125, and the high temperature air after regeneration is used. And heat up to raise the temperature. Further sensible heat exchanger 1
The regenerated air that has exited 21 flows into the heater 120 via the path 126, is heated by hot water, rises in temperature to 60 to 100 ° C., and decreases in relative humidity. This process is a sensible heat change of the regenerated air, and the specific heat of the air is significantly lower than the hot water and the temperature change is large. Therefore, even if the flow rate of the hot water is reduced and the temperature change is increased, the heat exchange is efficiently performed.

Therefore, the temperature of the condenser 4 or the high-pressure absorber 11 on the inflow side of the hot water of the absorption heat pump for producing hot water can be set lower than the temperature of the equipment on the exit side, and by doing so, the above-mentioned is achieved. As described above, it is possible to obtain the effect that the concentration of the solution in the entire cycle can be reduced and the pressure in the regenerator can be prevented from increasing. Further, since the flow rate is reduced by increasing the temperature difference of the hot water used, the transport power is reduced. Heater 120
The regenerated air having a reduced relative humidity after passing through the passage passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove the water content of the desiccant rotor and perform a regeneration operation. The regenerated air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 128, performs residual heat of the regenerated air before regeneration, and then is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas via the path 129.

The process up to this point will be described with reference to the Mollier diagram. In FIG. 3, the air in the room 101 to be conditioned (process air: state K) passes through the path 107 and the blower 102.
Is sucked in and pressure-increased to be sent to the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 108, the moisture in the air is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor hygroscopic agent, the absolute humidity is lowered and the temperature of the air is raised by the adsorption heat (state L). The air whose humidity has dropped and whose temperature has risen is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104 via the path 109 and is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air (regenerated air) (state M). The cooled air passes through the path 110 and cooler 115.
And further cooled (state N). The cooled air is sent to the humidifier 105 via the path 110, and its temperature is lowered in the isenthalpic process by water injection or vaporization-type humidification (state P), and is returned to the air-conditioned space 101 via the path 111.
In this way, return air (state K) and air supply (state P) in the room
An enthalpy difference ΔQ is generated between the air conditioning space 101 and the air conditioning space 101, thereby cooling the air-conditioned space 101.

The desiccant reproduction is performed as follows.
The outside air for regeneration (OA: state Q) is sucked by the blower 130 via the path 124, is pressurized and is sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104, cools the process air and raises itself in temperature (state R).
It flows into the next sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 125 and exchanges heat with the regenerated high temperature air to rise in temperature (state S). Further, the regenerated air that has left the sensible heat exchanger 121 flows into the heater 120 through the path 126, is heated by hot water, and is heated to 60 to 100 ° C., and the relative humidity is lowered (state T). The regenerated air with reduced relative humidity passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove the moisture in the desiccant rotor (state U). The regenerated air that has passed through the dessicant rotor 103 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 128, and performs residual heat of the regenerated air that has left the sensible heat exchanger 104 before regeneration, and the temperature of the regenerated air decreases (state V). ) Route 129
After that, it is discarded as exhaust gas to the outside.

Thus, the desiccant air-conditioning is performed by repeating the desiccant regeneration and the dehumidification and cooling of the treated air. It should be noted that the method of using the exhaust air accompanying the indoor ventilation as the reproduction air has been widely used in the desiccant air conditioning from the past, but in the present invention, the exhaust gas from the room may be used as the reproduction air, and this embodiment and The same effect can be obtained.

The coefficient of operation (COP) showing the energy efficiency of the desiccant air-conditioning configured as described above is shown by the value obtained by dividing the cooling effect ΔQ in FIG. 3 by the amount of regeneration heating, and is added to the regeneration air by the hot water heat exchanger. The amount of heat corresponding to the amount of heat Δq cooled by the cold water heat exchanger in the amount of heat ΔH thus obtained is changed from the treated air to the cooler 1 by the heat pump action of the absorption heat pump.
15. Since it is pumped through the evaporator 13 of the second cycle, the amount of heat actually added to this system is Δh obtained by subtracting Δq from ΔH, and sensible heat from state X to state T in the figure. Equivalent to change.

Therefore, the operation coefficient is ΔQ / (ΔH-Δq)
= ΔQ / Δh. Comparing the coefficient of operation of FIG. 3 with the coefficient of operation of the conventional example of FIG. 7, in the embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerating effect ΔQ of the numerator is increased by Δq compared to the conventional example, and the heating amount of the denominator is higher than that of the conventional example. By .DELTA.q, and thus the denominator is decreased and the numerator is increased, so that the coefficient of performance is significantly improved.

The coefficient of operation of the desiccant air conditioning system of the present invention is roughly calculated below. Assuming that the coefficient of operation for the refrigerating effect of the absorption heat pump is approximately 0.3 and the coefficient of operation of the conventional desiccant air conditioning is 1.0, in the embodiment of the present invention, the heat quantity externally heated to the absorption heat pump is taken as 1. The heat pump action adds a heat quantity of 1.3 to the hot water, and when this heat is used to operate the desiccant air conditioning, the cooling effect is 1.0 (coefficient of operation) × 1.3 (amount of heat).
The heat quantity is +0.3 (freezing effect: Δq) = 1.6. Therefore, the coefficient of operation of the present invention is 1.6 (cooling effect) / 1.
0 (heat input to absorption heat pump) = 1.6. This value greatly exceeds the coefficient of operation of about 1.2 that the conventional double-effect absorption refrigerator has, and has an extremely high energy saving effect.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the desiccant is regenerated by using the heat of absorption of the high pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser of the absorption heat pump or the refrigerator as a heating source, and the heat of vaporization of the low pressure evaporator is cooled. The process air supplied to the air-conditioned space as a heat source can be cooled.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a basic configuration of a desiccant air-conditioning apparatus embodying the present invention, in which an absorption heat pump part includes a low-pressure evaporator 3, a high-pressure evaporator 13 operating at a higher pressure than the low-pressure evaporator, and a low-pressure absorber. 1, the high pressure absorber 11, which operates at a higher pressure than the low pressure absorber, the regenerator 2, the condenser 4, and the first heat exchanger 5 and the second heat exchanger 15 of the absorbing solution are the main constituent devices. And the low-pressure absorber 1 and the high-pressure evaporator 13 form a heat exchange device 21 so that the heat absorbed by the low-pressure absorber 1 heats the high-pressure evaporator 13, and the refrigerant evaporated in the low-pressure evaporator 3 is absorbed at low pressure. The high pressure absorber 11 absorbs the refrigerant absorbed by the container 1 and evaporated by the high pressure evaporator 13.

In the absorption solution path of the absorption heat pump configured as described above, the solution discharged from the low pressure absorber 1 flows into the high pressure absorber 11 via the first heat exchanger 5, and the high pressure absorber 11 is supplied. The solution discharged from the regenerator 2 flows into the regenerator 2 via the second heat exchanger 15, and the solution discharged from the regenerator 2 is the second heat exchanger 1.
5, it is configured to flow back to the low pressure absorber 1 via the first heat exchanger 5. Further, in the refrigerant path of the absorption heat pump, the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4,
The refrigerant discharged from the condenser 4 is divided into two, and one path of the refrigerant flows into the low-pressure evaporator 3 via the throttle mechanism 7 and then flows into the low-pressure evaporator 3
After being evaporated at 1, it flows into the low-pressure absorber 1 and is absorbed by the solution system, and the other path flows into the high-pressure evaporator 13 via the throttle mechanism 17, is evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator 13, and then is absorbed at high pressure. It is configured so as to be a path that flows into the vessel 11 and is absorbed by the solution system.

The path of the carrier medium (hot water) that takes out the heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser as a heating source passes from the condenser heat transfer pipe 31 to the absorber heat transfer pipe 30 of the high-pressure absorber in this order. The path of the carrier medium (cold water) which is configured to be exchanged and which takes out the evaporation heat of the low pressure evaporator as a cooling heat source is connected to the heat transfer pipe 32 of the low pressure evaporator. In FIG. 4, the hot water pipe and the cold water pipe of the absorption heat pump configured as described above are connected to a desiccant air conditioner shown below via a cold water pump 160 and a hot water pump 150, respectively.

The air conditioner portion of the desiccant air conditioner shown in FIG. 4 is constructed as follows. The air-conditioned space 101 is connected to the suction port of the blower 102 of the treated air via the path 107, and the discharge port of the blower 102 is the desiccant rotor 1.
03 through the path 108, the desiccant rotor 1
The outlet of the treated air of 03 is connected to the sensible heat exchanger 104 having a heat exchange relationship with the regenerated air via the passage 109, and the outlet of the treated air of the sensible heat exchanger 104 is the cold water heat exchanger 115 and the passage 110. The outlet of the processing air of the cooler 115 is connected to the humidifier 105 via the path 119, and the outlet of the processing air of the humidifier 105 is connected to the air-conditioned space 101 and the path 11.
1 to form a cycle of process air.

On the other hand, the air path for regeneration connects the outside air to the suction port of the blower 130 for regeneration air via the path 124, and the discharge port of the blower 130 has a sensible heat exchange in a heat exchange relationship with the process air. The sensible heat exchanger 10 is connected to the vessel 104.
The outlet of the regenerated air of No. 4 is connected to the low temperature side inlet of another sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 125, and the sensible heat exchanger 121
Of the desiccant rotor 103 is connected to the regeneration air inlet of the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 127, and the regeneration air outlet of the heater 120 is connected to the regeneration air outlet of the desiccant rotor 103 via the passage 126. Is connected to the high temperature side inlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 via the path 128, and the high temperature side outlet of the sensible heat exchanger 121 is to the external space and the path 129.
A recycle air is taken in from the outside and exhausted to the outside to form a cycle.

The heat medium (warm water) inlet of the heater 120 is connected to the outlet of the high-pressure absorber 11 of the hot water path of the absorption heat pump via the path 122, and the hot water outlet of the heater 120 connects the path 123 and the hot water pump 150. It is connected to the inlet of the condenser 4 in the hot water path of the absorption heat pump. Further, the cold water inlet of the cooler 115 is connected to the outlet of the low pressure evaporator 3 of the cold water path of the absorption heat pump via the path 117,
The chilled water outlet of the cooler 115 is the path 118 and the pump 16
Low-pressure evaporator 3 in the cold water path of the absorption heat pump
Connect to the entrance of. In the figure, the alphabets K to V surrounded by circles are symbols showing the state of air corresponding to FIG. 4, SA is supply air, RA is return air, OA is outside air, EX
Represents exhaust gas.

Next, the absorption cycle of the absorption heat pump portion of the desiccant air conditioner constructed as described above will be described. The absorbing solution is heated in the regenerator 2 from an external heat source (not shown) via the heat transfer tube 33 to generate a refrigerant vapor, and after being concentrated, the second heat exchanger 15 and the first heat exchanger 5 To reach the low pressure absorber 1. In the low pressure absorber 1, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the low pressure evaporator 3, and after being diluted, reaches the low pressure absorber 1 through the first heat exchanger 5 by the action of the pump 6. In the high-pressure absorber 11, the absorption solution is the high-pressure evaporator 1
The refrigerant evaporated in 3 is absorbed and diluted and then returned to the regenerator 2 via the second heat exchanger by the action of the pump 16. In the high-pressure absorber 11, the absorbed heat generated upon absorption is used as a heat source for regenerating the desiccant, so that heat is exchanged with a heat medium such as hot water by the heat transfer tube 30.

In the low pressure absorber 1, the absorption heat generated upon absorption is used as a heat source for the high pressure evaporator 13 in the internal cycle and is exchanged by the heat transfer tube 21. The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 and is condensed.
In the condenser 4, the heat of condensation generated during condensation is used as a heat source for regenerating the desiccant, so that the heat transfer pipe 31
Is heat exchanged by. The refrigerant condensed in the condenser 4 is divided into two, one path flows into the low-pressure evaporator 3 via the throttling mechanism 7, and after the heat transfer tube 32 takes heat from a heat medium such as cold water to evaporate. It becomes a path that flows into the low-pressure absorber 1 and is absorbed by the solution system, and the other path flows into the high-pressure evaporator 13 via the throttling mechanism 17 and removes absorption heat from the low-pressure absorber 1 by the heat transfer tube 21. After being evaporated, it is configured to flow into the high-pressure absorber 11 and be absorbed by the solution system.

Next, the operation of the absorption heat pump portion of the desiccant air conditioner configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a Duhring diagram showing a cycle of a part of the absorption heat pump of the desiccant air conditioner of FIG. Also in this figure, a lithium bromide-water system that is generally used in absorption refrigerators is shown as a typical example. The alphabetical symbols shown in the figure show the states of the absorbing solution and the refrigerant, and the same symbols surrounded by circles are also shown in FIG.

The absorbing solution is heated in the regenerator 2 from an external heat source to generate a refrigerant vapor and is concentrated (state d: 150 ° C. in the figure), then the second heat exchanger 15 (state e), the first Through the heat exchanger 5 (state g) to the low pressure absorber 1. The refrigerant flowing into the low-pressure absorber 1 and absorbed in the low-pressure evaporator 3 is absorbed and diluted (state a), and then reaches the high-pressure absorber 11 via the first heat exchanger 5 (state b). In the high-pressure absorber 11, the absorbing solution absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator 13, is diluted (state f), is heated through the second heat exchanger 15, and is returned to the regenerator 2 (state c). The refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 2 flows into the condenser 4 and is condensed (state h). The condensed refrigerant is divided into two, one flows into the low-pressure evaporator 3 via the throttling mechanism 7, and the heat transfer pipe 32 removes heat from the heat medium such as cold water to evaporate (state j) low pressure. The fluid flows in a path that flows into the absorber 1 and is absorbed in the solution system, and the other path flows into the high-pressure evaporator 13 via the throttling mechanism 17 and removes the absorbed heat from the low-pressure absorber 1 by the heat transfer tube 21. After evaporating (state k), it flows into the high-pressure absorber 11 and flows through the path absorbed by the solution system. The absorbed heat (state a) of the low pressure absorber 1 is transferred to the high pressure evaporator 13 to evaporate the refrigerant.

Also in the absorption heat pump configured as described above, the heat input to the cycle is the high temperature heat applied to the regenerator 2 from the outside and the heat taken from the cold water in the low pressure evaporator 3, and the heat input from the present cycle. The heat output is the heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber 11 and the heat of condensation of the condenser 4 that are added to the hot water. Therefore, in addition to the high-temperature heat that is externally applied to the regenerator 2, the hot water is cooled by the low-pressure evaporator 3. Because the heat taken from is added,
The amount of heat that can be used as a heating source is larger than the amount of heat that is externally applied to the regenerator. Thus, there is a heat pump action also in this cycle.

Next, the operation when the absorption heat pump configured as described above is combined with desiccant air conditioning will be described.
FIG. 3 is a Mollier diagram showing the operating state of the air conditioning portion of the embodiment of FIG. The operation of the desiccant air conditioner portion of the present embodiment will be described. In FIG. 4, the air (process air) in the air-conditioned room 101 is sucked by the blower 102 via the path 107 and the pressure thereof is increased to the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 108. The moisture in the air is adsorbed by the desiccant rotor hygroscopic agent and the absolute humidity decreases.

During adsorption, the temperature of the air rises due to the heat of adsorption. The air whose humidity has dropped and whose temperature has risen is route 109
After passing through the sensible heat exchanger 104, the sensible heat exchanger 104 is cooled by exchanging heat with the outside air (regenerated air). The cooled air is sent to the cooler 115 via the path 110 and further cooled. The cooled process air is sent to the humidifier 105, and the temperature is lowered in the isenthalpic process by water injection or vaporization-type humidification, and the path 111
And is returned to the air-conditioned space 101. Since the desiccant rotor has adsorbed water in this process, it needs to be regenerated. In this embodiment, the outside air is used as the regenerating air to perform the following.

The outside air (OA) passes through the path 124 and blower 1
The air is sucked by 30 and is pressurized and sent to the sensible heat exchanger 104, and the processing air is cooled to raise its temperature and flow into the next sensible heat exchanger 121 through the path 125, and the high temperature air after regeneration is used. And heat up to raise the temperature. Further sensible heat exchanger 1
The regenerated air that has exited 21 flows into the heater 120 via the path 126, is heated by hot water, rises in temperature to 60 to 100 ° C., and decreases in relative humidity. The regeneration air that has left the heater 120 and has a reduced relative humidity passes through the desiccant rotor 103 to remove the moisture in the desiccant rotor and perform a regeneration action.
The regeneration air that has passed through the desiccant rotor 103 has a path 12
After passing through 8, the sensible heat exchanger 121 flows into the sensible heat exchanger 121 to perform residual heat of the regenerated air before regeneration, and then is discharged to the outside as exhaust gas via the path 129. Since the process up to this point can be described using the Mollier diagram of FIG. 3 as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the description of the energy saving effect of this embodiment will be omitted.

As described above, also in this embodiment, the desiccant is regenerated by using the heat of absorption of the high pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser of the absorption heat pump or the refrigerator as a heating source, and the heat of vaporization of the low pressure evaporator is used as a cooling heat source. As a result, the process air supplied to the air-conditioned space can be cooled.

[0056]

As described above, according to the present invention, the heat of the treated air of the desiccant air conditioner can be pumped up by the heat pump action of the absorption heat pump and used for heating the regenerated air. The amount of heat that needs to be added is greatly reduced, and the coefficient of operation can be significantly improved. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a desiccant air conditioner that consumes less heat source energy for cooling and is excellent in economic efficiency, and cool air using a conventional dual-effect absorption refrigerator. It is possible to provide an air conditioning system that exceeds the coefficient of operation of the air conditioning system for dehumidification, that is, the energy efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of an embodiment of a desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing an absorption solution cycle of one embodiment of the absorption heat pump according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 in a Duhring diagram.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a desiccant air conditioning cycle of air according to the embodiment of FIG. 1 by a Mollier diagram.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the basic configuration of another embodiment of the desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing an absorption solution cycle of one example of the absorption heat pump according to the example of FIG. 4 by a Duhring diagram.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a conventional desiccant air conditioning.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing, with a Mollier diagram, a desiccant air conditioning cycle of air in the conventional desiccant air conditioning.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 ... Low pressure absorber 2 ... Regenerator 3 ... Low pressure evaporator 4 ... condenser 5: first heat exchanger 6 ... Solution pump 7: diaphragm mechanism 11 ... High-pressure absorber 13 ... High-pressure evaporator 15 ... Second heat exchanger 16 ... Solution pump 17 ... Throttle mechanism 21 ... Heat transfer tube (heat exchange device) 30 ... Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 31 ... Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 32 ... Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 33 ... Heat transfer tube (heat exchange mechanism) 101 ... Air-conditioned space 102 ... blower 103 ... Desiccant rotor 104 ... Sensible heat exchanger 105 ... Humidifier 106 ... Water pipe 107 ... Air path 108 ... Air path 109 ... Air path 110 ... Air path 111 ... Air path 115 ... Cooler (cold water heat exchanger) 117: Cold water route 118: Cold water route 119 ... Air path 120 ... Heater (hot water heat exchanger) 121 ... Sensible heat exchanger 122 ... Warm water route 123 ... Warm water route 124 ... Air path 125 ... Air path 126 ... Air path 127 ... Air path 128 ... Air path 129 ... Air path 130: blower 150 ... Hot water pump 160: Cold water pump a ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle b ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle c ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle d ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle e ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle f ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle g ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle h ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle j ... State point of absorption refrigeration cycle K: State point of desiccant air conditioning L: Desiccant air conditioning air state point M: Desiccant air conditioning air condition point N: State point of desiccant air conditioning P: State point of desiccant air conditioning Q: State point of desiccant air conditioning R ... Desiccant air conditioning air status point S ... Desiccant air conditioning air state point T ... Desiccant air conditioning air state point U: Air condition point of desiccant air conditioning V: State point of desiccant air conditioning X: State point of desiccant air conditioning SA ... air supply RA ... return air EX ... Exhaust OA ... outside air ΔQ: cooling effect Δq ・ ・ ・ Refrigeration effect of absorption heat pump ΔH: Heating amount with hot water

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F25B 17/08 F24F 3/14 F25B 15/00 301 F25B 25/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. A desiccant air conditioner using an absorption heat pump as a heat source for heating and cooling, wherein the absorption heat pump comprises a low pressure evaporator, a high pressure evaporator operating at a pressure higher than that of the low pressure evaporator, and a low pressure absorption. A vessel,
A high pressure absorber operating at a pressure higher than that of the low pressure absorber, a regenerator and a condenser, and a low pressure absorber and a high pressure evaporator for heating the high pressure evaporator with the heat of absorption of the low pressure absorber. And have a heat exchange means forming a heat exchange relationship, and the low pressure absorber absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the low pressure evaporator,
And a structure in which the high-pressure absorber absorbs the refrigerant evaporated in the high-pressure evaporator, the heater for regenerating the desiccant has a hot water path for exchanging heat with the high-pressure absorber and the condenser, and the air-conditioned space The desiccant air conditioner, wherein the cooler of the process air supplied to the air conditioner has a cold water path for exchanging heat with the low pressure evaporator. 2. A desiccant rotor capable of selectively contacting a desiccant with treatment air and regeneration air, and a sensible heat exchanger using treatment air and regeneration air as a heat exchange medium, wherein the heater is regenerated. 2. The air is heated, the cooler is provided in a path between the sensible heat exchanger and the air-conditioned space, and the heat of evaporation of the low-pressure evaporator is used as a cooling heat source to cool the process air. Desiccant air conditioner. 3. The desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the heater is provided on the way from the sensible heat exchanger to the desiccant rotor, and uses the heat of absorption of the high-pressure absorber and the heat of condensation of the condenser as heating sources. Machine. 4. A heat pump for a heating and cooling heat source of a desiccant air conditioner, comprising a low pressure evaporator, a high pressure evaporator operating at a pressure higher than that of the low pressure evaporator, a low pressure absorber, and a low pressure absorber thereof. A high-pressure absorber operating at a high pressure, a regenerator, and a condenser are provided, and the low-pressure absorber and the high-pressure evaporator have a heat exchange relationship in order to heat the high-pressure evaporator by the heat absorbed by the low-pressure absorber. A heat exchange means for forming the low-pressure evaporator, the low-pressure evaporator absorbs the refrigerant, and the high-pressure evaporator absorbs the refrigerant, the high-pressure absorber absorbs the high pressure An absorption heat pump having a hot water path for taking out the absorption heat of the absorber and the condensation heat of the condenser, and a cold water path for taking out the evaporation heat of the low-pressure evaporator as a cooling heat source.