JP3341211B2 - Electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform driving by means of stored electric power, by including a vehicle driving motor, an inverter driving the vehicle driving motor, a flywheel-type electric power storage system, a battery for driving the vehicle driving motor and the electric power storage system, and an electric power controller. SOLUTION: This electric vehicle is provided with a vehicle driving motor 30, an inverter 31 for converting direct current into alternating current for driving the motor 30, a flywheel-type electric power storage system 32, and an electric power controller 33 for controlling the inverter 31 and the electric power storage system 32. The power controller 33, provided with a battery for driving the vehicle driving motor 30 and the electric power storage system 32, is connected to an external charging power source 34. With the battery of the power controller 33 charged by the electric power supplied from the power source 34, a magnetic bearing controller 36 is driven by the battery, and the electric power controller 33 functions a motor 5 as a motor and drives the motor 5 through an inverter. It is thus possible to perform driving by means of stored electric power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an electric vehicle provided with a flywheel type power storage device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A flywheel type electric power storage device converts surplus electric power into rotational kinetic energy of a flywheel and stores the converted electric power. A vertical rotating body having a flywheel is supported by a bearing device and used as a motor for both generation and generation. It can be rotated at high speed.

In order to reduce bearing loss during high-speed rotation, a rotating body is supported in a non-contact manner in a radial direction (radial direction) and an axial direction (axial direction) by a control type magnetic bearing device. One that has been proposed to maintain a predetermined operating position. A conventional magnetic bearing device of this type includes two sets of control-type radial magnetic bearings that support two rotating members in the axial direction in a non-contact manner in a radial direction, and one set of control-type radial magnetic bearings that support the rotating members in a non-contact manner in the axial direction. Type axial magnetic bearing. Usually, each radial magnetic bearing is composed of four electromagnets, and the axial magnetic bearing is composed of two electromagnets,
Ten electromagnets are used in the entire magnetic bearing device.
The four electromagnets of the radial magnetic bearing are two orthogonal to each other.
The pair of electromagnets are arranged so as to form a pair with the rotating body therebetween in each of the two radial directions, and the electromagnets of each pair attract the rotating body in opposite directions in the respective radial directions. An excitation current, which is a combination of a constant steady current and a control current, is supplied to each pair of electromagnets, and by controlling the control current based on the radial displacement of the rotating body, the rotating body is brought to the radial operating position. Is to be retained. The two electromagnets of the axial magnetic bearing are arranged so as to form a pair with the flange-like portion of the rotating body being sandwiched from both sides in the axial direction, and these electromagnets attract the rotating body in the opposite direction in the axial direction, thereby forming a pair. It is designed to support weight. A pair of electromagnets is supplied with an exciting current that is a combination of a constant steady-state current and a control current, and controls the control current based on the axial displacement of the rotating body so that the rotating body is maintained at the operating position in the axial direction. It is supposed to be.

[0004] In addition, when the power storage device loses support by the magnetic bearings, such as when power supply is stopped, or when a large displacement occurs in the rotating body due to impact force or the like, the rotating body is mechanically moved in the radial and axial directions. To protect the magnetic bearing, a touch-down bearing such as a ball bearing is provided.

[0005] In particular, in the case of an electric power storage device mounted on an electric vehicle or a hybrid electric vehicle, the size of the device can be reduced.
It is desirable to reduce the weight, rotate the rotating body at a high speed, and reduce the power consumption. However, this is difficult with a conventional device as described below.

First, in a power storage device, it is necessary to increase the size of the flywheel in order to improve the power storage efficiency, but this increases the weight of the rotating body. Further, since the weight of the rotating body is supported only by the axial magnetic bearing of the magnetic bearing device, the size of the electromagnet of the axial magnetic bearing increases, and the weight of the electromagnet and the power consumption by the electromagnet increase. In addition, when the power storage device is mounted on an electric vehicle or the like, there is a possibility that a large displacement occurs in the rotating body due to disturbance such as vibration or impact force. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to increase the supporting force, that is, the rigidity of each magnetic bearing of the magnetic bearing device, and for that purpose, it is necessary to increase the attractive force of the electromagnet of each magnetic bearing. In order to increase the attraction force of the electromagnet, it is necessary to increase the size of the electromagnet and increase the control current. As a result, the weight of the electromagnet and the power consumption by the electromagnet increase.

Further, in the conventional magnetic bearing device, since the magnetic bearings are provided at three locations in the axial direction of the rotating body as described above, the rotating body becomes longer, and accordingly, the device becomes larger and the weight increases. Become. Further, since ten large electromagnets are used in the entire magnetic bearing device, their weight is large,
Power consumption is also large. Further, since a power amplifier is required for each electromagnet, a total of ten power amplifiers are required, and the power consumption by these power amplifiers is large.

In addition, since the rotating body becomes longer, its natural frequency decreases, and it becomes difficult to rotate at high speed.

Some radial magnetic bearings are composed of three electromagnets, but even in that case, eight electromagnets are required for the entire magnetic bearing device, and the same problem as described above occurs.

As a magnetic bearing device in which the number of electromagnets is reduced, tapered surfaces are formed at two locations in the axial direction of the rotating body that face in opposite directions with respect to the axial direction. And an axial / radial dual-purpose magnetic bearing having four or three electromagnets for attracting in a direction perpendicular to the direction is proposed.

In the case of this magnetic bearing device, the total number of electromagnets is only eight or six. However, since it is necessary to form a highly accurate tapered surface, special processing is required for the rotating body.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle that can run on stored electric power.

[0013] It is an object of the present invention to provide an electric vehicle that can store surplus power during running and can run with the stored power.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle equipped with a flywheel type power storage device capable of reducing the size, weight and power consumption of the device.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle provided with a flywheel type power storage device capable of reducing the size and weight of the device, increasing the speed of a rotating body, and reducing power consumption.

[0016]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An electric vehicle according to the present invention comprises a motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current to an alternating current to drive the motor for driving a wheel, and a rotating body having a flywheel. Non-contact support
A flywheel-type power storage device having a control-type magnetic bearing device, a power control device having a storage battery for driving the wheel driving motor and the power storage device, and controlling the inverter and the power storage device; A charging power supply that supplies power to a control device to charge the storage battery, wherein the control-type magnetic bearing device fixes the rotating body to a fixed portion.
Non-contact support in the radial and axial directions
It has two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings that hold
The three magnetic bearings are arranged around the rotating body.
Has four electromagnets, and each electromagnet is located at two locations in the axial direction.
Magnetic poles and axial magnets projecting radially inward from
Pole-shaped horseshoe-shaped, wherein the radial magnetic pole is
Suction of the rotating body in the radial direction facing the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body
And the axial magnetic pole is opposed to a surface facing the axial direction of the rotating body.
The power control device disconnects from the charging power supply when the storage battery is sufficiently charged and the number of rotations of the rotator rises to a predetermined value. When the rotation speed of the rotating body is reduced to a predetermined value, the rotating body is connected to the charging power supply, and charging of the storage battery and power storage of the power storage device are performed. .

According to the electric vehicle of the present invention, power consumption can be reduced. In addition, the size and weight of the
Speed and power consumption can be reduced.
You .

The electric vehicle according to the present invention also includes a motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current into an alternating current to drive the motor for driving a wheel, a flywheel type power storage device, the motor for driving a wheel, and A power control device that has a storage battery for driving the power storage device and controls the inverter and the power storage device; and a charging power supply that supplies power to the power control device to charge the storage battery. A storage device, a rotating body having a flywheel, a magnetic bearing for supporting the rotating body in a non-contact manner, and a control type magnetic bearing device having a magnetic bearing control device for controlling the magnetic bearing; and A generator / motor that drives and functions as a generator when extracting power, and an inverter that converts DC to AC and drives the generator / motor. And wherein the AC generated by the generator combined motor into a DC and a motor control device having a converter for supplying to said power controller, wherein
In the control type magnetic bearing device, the rotating body is fixed to a fixed portion.
Non-contact support in the radial and axial directions to achieve a predetermined operating position
Holding two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings,
Three or four bearings arranged around the rotating body
An electromagnet, wherein each of the electromagnets extends radially from two locations in the axial direction.
With radial and axial poles protruding inward
The radial magnetic poles of the rotating body.
The rotating body is sucked in the radial direction facing the outer peripheral surface, and the shaft is
The direction magnetic pole faces the surface of the rotating body that faces in the axial direction.
The rotating body is attracted in the axial direction, and when power is stored, the power control device is connected to the charging power source, the storage battery is charged by the power supplied from the charging power source, and the magnetic storage is performed by the storage battery. A bearing device is driven, the rotating body is non-contact supported by the magnetic bearing at an operating position, the power control device causes the power generation / completion motor to function as a motor, and during operation, the power control device controls the charging operation. Disconnected from the power supply, the wheel driving motor is driven by the storage battery, the power control device causes the power generation / motor to function as a power generator, and the power storage device is charged by the power generated by the power generation / motor. It is characterized by the following.

According to the electric vehicle of the present invention, power consumption can be reduced. In addition, the size and weight of the
Speed and power consumption can be reduced.
You .

For example, when the charging power source is an external charging
Power supply .

The electric vehicle according to the present invention also includes a motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current to an alternating current to drive the motor for driving a wheel, a flywheel type power storage device, the motor for driving a wheel, and A power control device having a storage battery for driving the power storage device and controlling the inverter and the power storage device; an engine; and a storage battery that supplies power generated by driving the rotation of the engine to the power control device. A power generator, and a power storage device includes: a rotating body having a flywheel; a magnetic bearing for supporting the rotating body in a non-contact manner; and a magnetic bearing control device for controlling the magnetic bearing. DC is exchanged between a control type magnetic bearing device and a generator / motor that drives the rotating body and functions as a generator when extracting power. It converts the alternating current generated in the DC by conversion to the inverter and the generator serves motor for driving the generator combined motor and a motor control device having a converter for supplying to the power control device, the system
The magnetic bearing device is configured such that the rotating body has a diameter relative to a fixed portion.
Non-contact support in the direction
Each having two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings.
A receiver is provided with three or four electrodes arranged around the rotating body.
A magnet, wherein each of the electromagnets is radially arranged from two axial positions.
With radial and axial magnetic poles projecting inside
Horseshoe-shaped, and the radial magnetic poles are outside the rotating body.
The rotating body is sucked in a radial direction facing the peripheral surface, and
When the magnetic pole faces the surface of the rotating body facing in the axial direction,
The rolling element is sucked in the axial direction, during running, the engine rotates, thereby driving the generator,
The generated power is supplied to the power control device, the storage battery is charged, and when a large amount of power is not used, the power control device causes the power generation / motor to function as a motor, and the surplus power from the power generator. Is supplied to the generator / motor via the inverter of the power controller, and the power is stored by driving the rotating body.When large power is required, the power controller uses the generator / motor as a generator. The electric power generated by the electric motor for power generation is taken out through a converter of the electric motor control device, and the electric motor for driving the vehicle is driven by the electric power and the storage battery.

According to the electric vehicle of the present invention, the surplus current can be stored in the power storage device, and when a large amount of power is required, the power can be taken out from the power storage device and used. can do. Ma
In addition, downsizing and weight reduction of equipment and high speed of rotating body
In addition, power consumption can be reduced .

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

For example, a flywheel type power storage device has a vertical rotating body having a flywheel, and the rotating body is supported in a radially and axially non-contact manner with respect to a fixed portion and held at a predetermined operating position. A control type magnetic bearing device having two upper and lower control type magnetic bearings; and a dynamic pressure bearing device for applying a force in a direction opposite to a displacement direction to the rotating body when the rotating body is displaced from the operating position. ing.

In this case, the rotating body is supported in a non-contact manner in the radial and axial directions by the magnetic bearing device during rotation, and is held at the operating position. When the rotating body is displaced from the operating position due to disturbances such as vibration or impact force, a force in a direction opposite to the displacement direction acts on the rotating body in the dynamic pressure bearing device, and this force prevents further displacement. It is returned to the operating position by the magnetic bearing device. When the rotating body is displaced downward from the operation position due to gravity, further displacement is prevented by an upward force acting on the rotating body from the dynamic pressure bearing device,
The rotating body is returned to the operating position by the magnetic bearing device. That is, a part of the weight of the rotating body is supported by the dynamic pressure bearing device. Therefore, it is not necessary to support the weight of the rotating body only by the magnetic bearing of the magnetic bearing device. Further, even if the rotating body is displaced from the operating position, further displacement is prevented by the force from the dynamic pressure bearing device, so that it is not necessary to increase the rigidity of each magnetic bearing of the magnetic bearing device so much. Therefore, the size of the electromagnet of each magnetic bearing can be reduced, and the control current can be reduced. As a result, the weight of the electromagnet can be reduced, and the power consumption of the electromagnet can be reduced.

When the rotational driving force and the support by the magnetic bearing device are lost due to a power supply stop or the like, the rotating body is displaced downward from the operating position due to gravity. Is supported in a non-contact state, a part of its weight is supported, and when the rotation speed decreases, the rotating body is mechanically supported in the radial and axial directions by the dynamic pressure bearing device, and supported by the dynamic pressure bearing device. Stop in the state that was done. This eliminates the need for a conventional touchdown bearing.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size, weight, and power consumption of the device.

For example, the dynamic pressure bearing device includes an upper dynamic pressure bearing for applying a downward force to an upper portion of the rotating body when the rotating body is displaced upward from the operating position; A lower dynamic pressure bearing for applying an upward force to a lower portion of the rotating body when displaced downward from the position.

In this case, the rotating body is displaced in any one of the radial directions from the operating position, when it is displaced upward in the axial direction, and when it is displaced downward in the axial direction. Further, the displacement from the dynamic bearing device can be prevented by the force from the dynamic bearing device, and when the rotation driving force and the support by the magnetic bearing device are lost due to the power supply stop or the like, the dynamic bearing device reduces the weight of the rotating body. The part can be supported and stopped.

For example, the upper dynamic pressure bearing is a spherical dynamic pressure bearing with a spiral groove provided between an upper end of the rotating body and the fixed portion, and the lower dynamic pressure bearing is a lower end of the rotating body. And a spherical dynamic pressure bearing having a spiral groove provided between the bearing and the fixed portion. Spiral grooved spherical dynamic pressure bearings consist of a support part provided on the fixed part side and a supported part provided on the rotating body, and one of the support part and the supported part has a concave spherical surface and the other has a concave spherical surface. A convex spherical surface that fits into the concave spherical surface is formed, and a spiral groove is formed on one of the concave spherical surface and the convex spherical surface.

According to this structure, a downward force is applied to the upper portion of the rotating body when the rotating body is displaced upward from the operating position by using the dynamic pressure bearing having a relatively simple structure, and the rotating body is operated. When displaced downward from the position, an upward force is applied to the lower portion of the rotating body to support a part of the weight of the rotating body.

[0034] In the electric vehicle according to the present invention, each of the magnetic bearings includes three or four electromagnets arranged around the rotating body, and each of the electromagnets projects radially inward from two axial locations. and is intended to radial pole and the axial magnetic poles of the horse hoof shaped you Yes <br/> was, in the radial pole faces the outer peripheral surface of the rotor to attract the rotating body in a radial direction, wherein An axial magnetic pole faces the surface of the rotating body facing in the axial direction, and attracts the rotating body in the axial direction.

In this case, the magnetic bearing opposes the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body and radially attracts the same, and the magnetic bearing opposes the axially facing surface of the rotating body and attracts the same in the axial direction. Since the rotating body is provided with the axial magnetic poles, the rotating body can be attracted in both the radial direction and the axial direction by one set of magnetic bearings. Therefore, the rotating body can be supported by two sets of magnetic bearings in a non-contact manner. Can be. Therefore, the number of electromagnets required for the entire magnetic bearing device is eight when each magnetic bearing includes four electromagnets, and six when each magnetic bearing includes three electromagnets. In each case, the number is two less than in the conventional case. As the number of electromagnets decreases, the number of power amplifiers also decreases, their weight is reduced, and current consumption is reduced. Also, since the magnetic bearings need only be provided at two locations in the axial direction of the rotating body, the rotating body is also shortened, and the weight is reduced. In addition, as the rotating body becomes shorter, its natural frequency becomes higher, and the rotating body can be rotated at high speed.

Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and weight of the apparatus, increase the speed of the rotating body, and reduce the power consumption.
Further, no special processing is required for the rotating body, and only the axial length can be shortened by using the rotating body of the conventional specification.

Preferably, in each of the magnetic bearings, the radial magnetic poles of all the electromagnets have the same polarity, and the axial magnetic poles have the same opposite polarity.

By doing so, the change in the magnetic flux around the rotating body facing the magnetic pole in the radial direction is reduced, so that the eddy current generated on the surface of the rotating body due to the rotation is reduced, and the rotation loss is reduced. The same applies to the axial magnetic pole portion, in which the rotational loss due to the magnetic bearing device is reduced, and the power storage efficiency is increased.

[0039]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an electrical configuration of a main part of an electric vehicle.

The electric vehicle includes a wheel driving motor (30),
Inverter that converts DC to AC and drives the motor (30)
(31), a flywheel type power storage device (32), and a power control device (33) for controlling the inverter (31) and the power storage device (32). Power control device
(33) is equipped with a storage battery for driving a wheel drive motor (30), a power storage device (32), etc., and is connected to an external charging power supply (34) as necessary. I have.

One example of the power storage device (32) is schematically shown in FIG. 2, and the configuration of the main part thereof is shown in FIG.

The electric power storage device includes a vertically cylindrical vertically-closed housing (1) that forms a fixed portion, and a vertical shaft-shaped rotating body (2) disposed in the housing (1).
It includes a control type magnetic bearing device (35), a dynamic pressure bearing device (15), and a permanent magnet synchronous motor (5) that also serves as power generation.

In the following description, the axis (vertical axis) of the rotating body (2) in the axial direction is the Z axis, and one radial axis (horizontal axis) orthogonal to the Z axis is the X axis, the Z axis, and the X axis. The other radial axis (horizontal axis) orthogonal to the above is defined as the Y axis.

The housing (1) is formed integrally by combining a plurality of parts, and the inside diameter of the lower end is larger than the other parts. Further, the inside of the housing (1) is maintained in a vacuum state of, for example, about 10 ^-1 to 10 ^-3 Torr by suitable means (not shown) in order to prevent windage damage.

The rotating body (2) is disposed concentrically at the center in the housing (1). A perforated disk-shaped flywheel (7) located inside the large-diameter lower end of the housing (1) is fixed to the lower end of the rotating body (2). The flywheel (7) is for storing surplus electric power as rotational kinetic energy.

The magnetic bearing device (35) controls the position of the rotating body (2) in the radial direction (X-axis and Y-axis directions) and the axial direction (Z-axis direction) to operate the rotating body (2) in a predetermined operation. It is intended to support the position in a non-contact state and includes two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings (3) (4), displacement sensors (10) (11) (12), and a magnetic bearing control device (36) ing.

The magnetic bearings (3) and (4) are provided at two upper and lower positions in an intermediate portion of the housing (1). Upper magnetic bearing (3)
Is fixed in the housing (1) so as to sandwich the rotating body (2) from both sides in the X-axis direction, and sucks the rotating body (2) upward in the Z-axis direction and both sides (outside) in the X-axis direction. The pair of X-axis electromagnets (8) and the rotating body (2) are fixed in the housing (1) so as to sandwich the rotating body (2) from both sides in the Y-axis direction. And a pair of Y-axis direction electromagnets (37) to be attracted to both sides. Similarly, the lower magnetic bearing (4)
A pair of X-axis electromagnets (9) for attracting the rotating body (2) to the lower side in the Z-axis direction and to both sides in the X-axis direction, and the rotating body (2) to the lower side in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction. A pair of Y-axis direction electromagnets (not shown) are provided on both sides.

Each X-axis direction electromagnet (8) of the upper magnetic bearing (3)
May form a horse hoof shape that having a pair of magnetic poles projecting from two locations in the axial direction on the inside of the X-axis direction (8a) (8b), these poles (8
a) An electric wire (coil) (8c) is wound around (8b). The upper axial magnetic pole (8a) projects more inward than the lower radial magnetic pole (8b). The radial magnetic pole (8b) opposes the outer peripheral surface near the upper end of the large-diameter intermediate portion of the rotating body (2) with a small gap, and sucks the rotating body (2) outward in the X-axis direction. The axial magnetic pole (8a) protrudes above the upward annular end face of the upper end of the intermediate portion of the rotating body (2), opposes this end face with a slight gap, and moves the rotating body (2) in the Z-axis direction. Suction upwards. Each Y-axis direction electromagnet (37) of the upper magnetic bearing (3) also has the same configuration as the X-axis direction electromagnet (8), and performs the same function.
In FIG. 3, the axial magnetic poles of the Y-axis electromagnet (37) are denoted by reference numerals (37).
In (a), the radial magnetic pole is denoted by reference numeral (37b), and the electric conductor is denoted by reference numeral (37c).
It is represented by The axial magnetic poles (8a) and (37a) of all electromagnets (8) and (37) of the upper magnetic bearing (3) have the same polarity, and
(8b) and (37b) have the same opposite polarity. Each X-axis direction electromagnet (9) of the lower magnetic bearing (4) has a substantially horseshoe shape having a pair of magnetic poles (9a) (9b) protruding inward in the X-axis direction from two axial positions. Electrical conductor (9c) on magnetic poles (9a) (9b)
Is wound. The lower axial magnetic pole (9a) projects more inward than the upper radial magnetic pole (9b). Radial pole (9
b) faces the outer peripheral surface near the lower end of the large-diameter intermediate portion of the rotating body (2) with a slight gap, and sucks the rotating body (2) outward in the X-axis direction. The axial magnetic pole (9a) projects below the downward annular end face of the lower end of the intermediate portion of the rotating body (2), faces this end face with a slight gap, and moves the rotating body (2) in the Z-axis direction. Aspirate underneath. Each Y-axis direction electromagnet of the lower magnetic bearing (4) has the same configuration and operation as the X-axis direction electromagnet (9). Axial magnetic pole of all electromagnets (9) of lower magnetic bearing (4)
(9a) has the same polarity and the radial magnetic pole (9b) has the opposite polarity.

An axial displacement sensor (10) for detecting the axial displacement of the rotating body (2) is provided at an appropriate place in the housing (1), for example, on the inner surface of the top wall (1a). In the vicinity of the upper magnetic bearing (3), two pairs of radial displacement sensors for detecting the radial displacement of the upper part of the rotating body (2), that is,
Housing so that the rotating body (2) is sandwiched from both sides in the X-axis direction
A pair of X-axis displacement sensors (11) fixed to (1) and detecting the displacement of the rotating body (2) in the X-axis direction, and a housing so as to sandwich the rotating body (2) from both sides in the Y-axis direction. A pair of Y-axis direction displacement sensors (not shown) fixed to (1) and detecting the displacement of the rotating body (2) in the Y-axis direction are provided. Lower magnetic bearing
Similarly, in the vicinity of (4), two pairs of radial displacement sensors for detecting the radial displacement of the lower part of the rotating body (2), that is, one pair of X-axis direction displacement sensors (12) and one pair And a Y-axis direction displacement sensor (not shown).

Each electromagnet (8) (37) (9) and each displacement sensor (10) (11) (12) of each magnetic bearing (3) (4) is a magnetic bearing control device (36)
Are connected to each electromagnet (8) from the control device (36).
(37) An excitation current is supplied to (9). Magnetic bearing controller (3
Power for driving 6) is supplied from the storage battery of the power control device (33). The exciting current is a sum of the steady current, the axial control current, and the radial control current. The value of the steady-state current is constant and does not change according to the output signals of the displacement sensors (10), (11) and (12). Then, the control device (36) controls each magnetic bearing based on the output signal of the axial displacement sensor (10).
(3) By controlling the magnitude of the axial control current of each of the electromagnets (8), (37), and (9) of (4), the axial position of the rotating body (2) is controlled, and the radial displacement sensor ( By controlling the magnitude of the radial control current of each electromagnet (8) (37) (9) of each magnetic bearing (3) (4) based on the output signal of (11) (12), the rotating body (2 The position in the radial direction is controlled. In addition, the rotating body (2) is usually
It is supported in a non-contact manner at the center operating position of the housing (1).

The electric motor (5) functions as an electric motor when storing electric power and as a generator when extracting electric power, and is provided in an intermediate portion of the housing (1) between the upper and lower magnetic bearings (3) and (4). I have. The electric motor (5) includes a rotor (13) fixed to an intermediate portion of a large-diameter intermediate portion of the rotating body (2) and a stator (14) fixed to an inner periphery of a housing (1) around the rotor (13). It is configured. Further, the stator (14) of the electric motor (5) is connected to the electric motor control device (38), and the electric motor control device (38) is connected to the electric power control device (33). The motor control device (38) has an inverter that converts DC into AC and drives the motor (5) as a motor, and converts AC generated by the motor (5) into DC and supplies it to the power control device (33) Converter and the like are provided.

When the rotating body (2) is displaced from the operating position, the dynamic pressure bearing device (15) applies to the rotating body (2) a force in the direction opposite to the displacement direction, that is, the force in the direction of returning the rotating body to the operating position. An upper dynamic pressure bearing (16) for applying a downward force to the upper part of the rotating body (2) when the rotating body (2) is displaced upward from the operating position, and the rotating body (2). A lower dynamic pressure bearing (17) for applying an upward force to a lower portion of the rotating body (2) when displaced downward from the operating position. Upper hydrodynamic bearing (16)
Is a spherical dynamic pressure bearing with a spiral groove provided between the upper end of the rotating body (2) and the housing (1).
(1) A stepped cylindrical support member (18) constituting a support portion fixed downwardly to the inner surface of the top wall (1a), and fixed upwardly to the center of the upper end of the rotating body (2). And a columnar supported member (19) constituting the supported portion. Supported member (1
Hemispherical recess (1) having an upward concave spherical surface on the upper end surface of (9)
9a) is formed. At the lower end of the support member (18), a hemispherical convex portion (18a) having a downward convex spherical surface and fitting into the concave portion (19a)
Although not shown in detail, a spiral groove is formed on the convex spherical surface. Lower hydrodynamic bearing
(17) is a spherical dynamic pressure bearing with a spiral groove provided between the lower end of the rotating body (2) and the housing (1), and has an upwardly projecting shape on the inner surface of the bottom wall (1b) of the housing (1). A cylindrical support member (20) forming a support portion fixed to the support member, and a stepped cylindrical support member forming a supported portion fixed downwardly protruding at the center of the lower end of the rotating body (2) ( 21). Support members (2
Hemispherical recess (2) having an upward concave spherical surface on the upper end surface of (0)
0a) is formed. At the lower end of the supported member (21), a hemispherical convex portion (21) having a downward convex spherical surface and fitting into the concave portion (20a).
a) is formed, and a detailed illustration is omitted, but a spiral groove is formed on the convex spherical surface. Recesses (19a) (20a) of upper supported member (19) and lower support member (20)
A low-volatility lubricant for generating a dynamic pressure when the rotating body (2) rotates is stored therein, and is interposed between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface.

In a state before the operation of the power storage device (32), no electric power is supplied to the magnetic bearings (3) (4) and the electric motor (5), and the rotating body (2) is not driven. Pressure bearings (16) (17)
And is stationary. For more information,
The convex portion (21a) of the supported member (21) of the lower dynamic pressure bearing (17) is closely fitted to the concave portion (20a) of the support member (20), and the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface are in close contact via a lubricant. Thereby, the rotating body (2) is supported in the axial direction and the radial direction, its weight is supported, and the convex portion (18a) of the supporting member (18) of the upper hydrodynamic bearing (16) is supported by the supported member (19). ) With a gap in the concave portion (19a), and the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface partially contact, so that the rotating body (2)
Are supported in the radial direction, and the rotating body (1) is stationary with a slight inclination. In such a stationary state of the rotating body (2), the rotating body (2) includes the surrounding magnetic bearings (3) (4), the displacement sensors (10) (11) (12), and the stator of the electric motor (5). The dimensions of each part are determined so as not to interfere with (14).

In the above electric vehicle, the power storage device
When storing power in (32), the power control device (33) is connected to an external charging power source (34). Then, the storage battery of the power control device (33) is charged by the power supplied from the power supply (34), the magnetic bearing control device (36) is driven by the storage battery, and the rotating body is driven by the magnetic bearings (3) and (4). (2) is supported in a non-contact manner at the operating position. At this time, the power control device (33)
(5) is made to function as an electric motor, and the electric motor (5) is driven by the storage battery via the inverter of the electric motor control device (38).
Thus, the rotating body (2) is rotated, and the electric power supplied from the storage battery is converted into rotational kinetic energy of the flywheel (7) of the rotating body (2) and stored. Power control device (33)
When the storage battery is sufficiently charged and the rotation speed of the rotating body (2) rises to a predetermined value, the power control device (33) is disconnected from the power supply (34), and the electric vehicle is driven in that state. During operation, the storage battery of the power control device (33) drives the wheel driving motor (30) and other electric devices (not shown). Also,
The power control device (33) causes the motor (5) to function as a generator, and, if necessary, converts the power generated by the motor (5) to the power control device (33) via the converter of the motor control device (38). Supply the battery and charge it. And the rotating body (2)
When the rotation speed of the power storage device has decreased to some extent, as described above, the power control device (22) is connected to the charging power supply (34), and charging of the storage battery and power storage of the power storage device (32) are performed.

In the state where the rotating body (2) is supported in a non-contact manner at the operating position by the magnetic bearings (3) and (4), the upper and lower dynamic pressure bearings (1
6) In (17), the convex spherical surfaces of the convex portions (18a) and (21a) and the concave portion (19)
a) The center of the concave spherical surface of (20a) is almost coincident, and there is a slightly larger substantially uniform gap between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface,
Even if a lubricant is interposed between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface, the dynamic pressure bearings (16, 17) hardly exert a force on the rotating body (2). FIG. 1 shows the clearances between the rotating body (2) and the magnetic bearings (3) (4) and the displacement sensors (10) (11) (12), the rotor (13) and the stator (14) of the electric motor (5). ) And the gaps between the convex portions (18a) (21a) and the concave portions (19a) (20a) of the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17) are exaggerated.

When the rotating body (2) is displaced from the operating position due to disturbance such as vibration or impact force during operation of the power storage device (32), the rotating body (2) is moved to the rotating body (2) by the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17). A force in the direction opposite to the direction of displacement acts, and this force prevents further displacement, and the rotating body (2) is returned to the operating position by the magnetic bearings (3) and (4). For example, when the rotating body (2) is displaced above the operating position, the convex portion (18a) of the upper hydrodynamic bearing (16)
The gap between the convex member and the concave portion (19a) is reduced, so that the supported member (1) is moved by the dynamic pressure of lubricating oil interposed between the convex spherical surface and the concave spherical surface.
A downward force acts on 9), and the upper part of the rotating body (2) is a dynamic pressure bearing.
Receives downward force from (16). At this time, the lower hydrodynamic bearing
In (17), the gap between the convex portion (21a) and the concave portion (20a) increases, so that the dynamic pressure bearing (17) generates almost no force, and the lower part of the rotating body (2) is a dynamic pressure bearing ( Receives little power from 17). As a result, the rotating body (2) receives a downward force that is opposite to the displacement direction as a whole. Similarly, when the rotating body (2) is displaced below the operating position, the lower part of the rotating body (2) receives an upward force from the lower dynamic pressure bearing (17), and the upper part of the rotating body (2) similarly moves upward. Since the rotating body (2) receives almost no force from the dynamic pressure bearing (16), the rotating body (2) as a whole receives an upward force opposite to the displacement direction. The rotating body (2) moves in parallel in the radial direction or tilts, so that the projections (18a) (21a) of the upper and lower hydrodynamic bearings (16) (17) are recessed (19a) (20a). When it is displaced in the radial direction from the operating position, the convex portions (18a) and (21a) and the concave portion (1
Since the gap with 9a) and (20a) decreases in the displacement direction and increases in the opposite direction, the supported members (19) and (21) are hydrodynamic bearings (16) and (17).
Receives a force in the direction opposite to the direction of displacement. Therefore, in each case, the rotating body is provided by the dynamic pressure bearings (16, 17).
Further displacement of (2) is prevented, and the rotating body (2) is a magnetic bearing
(3) Returned to the operating position by (4). As described above, when the rotating body (2) is displaced downward from the operating position due to gravity, further displacement is prevented by an upward force acting on the rotating body (2) from the dynamic pressure bearing (17), and rotation is prevented. The body (2) is returned to the operating position by the magnetic bearings (3) (4). That is, a part of the weight of the rotating body (2) is supported by the dynamic pressure bearing (17). For this reason, the rotating body is made up of only the magnetic bearings (3) and (4).
There is no need to support the weight of (2). Even if the rotating body (2) is displaced from the operating position, the force from the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17) prevents further displacement, so that each magnetic bearing (3)
It is not necessary to increase the rigidity in (4) too much. For this reason, the electromagnets (8), (37), and (9) of each magnetic bearing (3) (4) were reduced in size,
The control current can be reduced, so that the electromagnet
(8) The weight of (37) (9) can be reduced, and the power consumption of the electromagnets (8) (37) (9) can be reduced.

When the storage battery of the power control device (33) is discharged and power is no longer supplied to the electric motor (5) and the magnetic bearings (3) and (4) of the electric power storage device (32), the motor (5) is driven to rotate. Since the force disappears, the rotating body (2) gradually decelerates. In addition, since the bearing force of the magnetic bearings (3) and (4) is lost, the rotating body (2)
Is displaced downward from the operating position by gravity, but while the rotation speed is high to some extent, the rotating body (2) is supported by the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17) in a non-contact state, and a part of its weight is reduced. When it is supported and the number of rotations decreases, the rotating body (2) becomes a dynamic pressure bearing (16) (1
It is mechanically supported in the radial and axial directions by 7), and stops while being supported by the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17).

In the above-mentioned electric power storage device (32), the magnetic bearings (3) and (4) of the magnetic bearing device (36) can be used as a set to attract the rotating body (2) radially and axially. Because there are two sets of magnetic bearings (3) and (4), a total of eight electromagnets (8), (37) and (9) can support the rotating body (2) in a non-contact manner. Compared with the device, the number of electromagnets is reduced by two, and accordingly, the number of power amplifiers for driving the electromagnets is also reduced. For this reason,
The device can be miniaturized, and the weight and power consumption are reduced.
Also, it is only necessary to provide two sets of magnetic bearings (3) and (4) around the rotating body (2), so that the length of the rotating body (2) is longer than that of the conventional one that requires three sets of magnetic bearings. Therefore, it is possible to increase the natural frequency of the rotating body (2) and rotate the rotating body (2) at high speed.

In a conventional radial magnetic bearing of a magnetic bearing device, a substantially horseshoe-shaped electromagnet having a pair of magnetic poles projecting radially inward from two circumferential locations of a rotating body is often used. Are arranged. In this case, a pair of magnetic poles of each electromagnet has polarities opposite to each other, and four magnetic poles having polarities opposite to each other are arranged in the rotation direction of the rotating body. Therefore, an eddy current is generated on the surface of the rotating body due to the rotation, and the rotation loss is large. On the other hand, in the above-mentioned power storage device (32), all the magnetic bearings (3) and (4)
(8) The radial magnetic poles (8b), (37b), and (9b) of (37) and (9) have the same polarity, and the axial magnetic poles (8a), (37a), and (9a) have the opposite polarities. Change in magnetic flux around the rotating body (2) facing the radial magnetic poles (8b) (37b) (9b) and the axial magnetic poles (8a) (37a)
The change of the magnetic flux around the rotating body (2) facing (9a) is small, and therefore, the eddy current generated on the surface of the rotating body (2) by the rotation is small, and the rotation loss is small. For this reason, the power storage efficiency of the device (32) increases.

FIG. 4 shows an example of an electric configuration of a hybrid electric vehicle to which the above-described power storage device (32) is applied.

In this case, the vehicle has the same wheel driving motor (30), inverter (31), and power storage device (3
2) In addition to the power control device (33), an engine (39) such as a gasoline engine and a generator (40) driven by rotation of the engine (39) are provided.

In the above-mentioned automobile, during running, the engine (39) rotates, whereby the generator (40) is driven, and the generated power is supplied to the power control device (33) to charge the storage battery. At the same time, the wheel drive motor (30) and other electric devices are driven. Then, when not using large power, the power control device (33) causes the motor (5) to function as a motor, and the surplus power from the generator (40) is used by the inverter (31) of the motor control device (38). Motor control device via (38)
And the rotating body (2) is driven to store power. Further, the engine (39) can be stopped during a stop or the like. Conversely, when large power is required, the power control device (33) causes the motor (5) to function as a generator, and extracts the power generated by the motor (5) through the converter of the motor control device (38). The electric power and the storage battery drive a motor (30) for driving the vehicle. Others are the same as the above embodiment.

In this embodiment, the surplus current can be stored in the power storage device (32), and when a large amount of power is required, the current can be taken out from the power storage device (32) and used. Can have a low output.

In the above embodiment, the four electromagnets (8), (37), (9) in which the magnetic bearings (3), (4) are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotating body (2). ), But the magnetic bearing may be provided with three electromagnets arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction around the rotating body. Also in that case, the number of electromagnets is reduced by two as compared with a conventional magnetic bearing device of the same type.

The configuration of the magnetic bearing device (35) is not limited to that of the above embodiment, but can be changed as appropriate. For example, the magnetic bearing device may include two sets of radial magnetic bearings and one set of axial magnetic bearings as in the related art. In that case, at least one set of radial magnetic bearings
In addition to the function of controlling the position of the rotating body (2), it is possible to eliminate the motor (5) by providing an electric driving function for rotating the rotating body (2). The control-type radial magnetic bearing with rotary drive function is a floating rotary motor or bearingless
Also known as motors.

The configuration of the dynamic pressure bearing device (15) is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but can be changed as appropriate. For example, spiral grooves may be formed on the concave spherical surfaces of the concave portions (19a) and (20a) of the supported member (19) and the support member (20). Also,
Each of the dynamic pressure bearings (16) and (17) may be, for example, a conical surface dynamic pressure bearing with a spiral groove having a concave conical surface and a convex conical surface.

The configuration of the other parts of the power storage device is not limited to that of the above embodiment, but can be changed as appropriate.

The configuration of the electric vehicle, the mode of use of the power storage device in the electric vehicle, and the like are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and can be changed as appropriate.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric block diagram of a main part of an electric vehicle showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a flywheel type power storage device.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an electric block diagram of a main part of an electric vehicle showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (2) Rotating body (3) (4) Magnetic bearing (5) Generator / motor (7) Flywheel (30) Wheel drive motor (31) Inverter (32) Flywheel power storage device (33) Power controller (34) Power supply for charging (35) Magnetic bearing device (36) Magnetic bearing control device (38) Motor control device (39) Engine (40) Generator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-6-261421 (JP, A) JP-A-9-163508 (JP, A) JP-A-58-214037 (JP, A) JP-A-52- 65804 (JP, A) Japanese Utility Model Showa 57-27804 (JP, U) Special table Hei 10-500557 (JP, A) Special table Hei 9-506310 (JP, A) International publication 95/31855 (WO, A1) ( 58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B60L 11/16 F16C 32/04 H02J 15/00

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] An electric motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current to an alternating current to drive the electric motor for driving a wheel, and a control type magnet for supporting a rotating body having a flywheel in a non-contact manner.
A flywheel type power storage device having a bearing device, a power control device having a storage battery for driving the wheel driving motor and the power storage device, and controlling the inverter and the power storage device; and A charging power supply that supplies power to charge the storage battery, wherein the control-type magnetic bearing device couples the rotating body to a fixed portion.
In a non-contact manner in the radial and axial directions
And two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings,
Three or four magnetic bearings arranged around the rotating body
And each of the electromagnets is located at two positions in the axial direction.
The radial and axial magnetic poles projecting inward in the radial direction
Having a horseshoe shape, wherein the radial magnetic pole has the rotation
The rotary body is sucked in the radial direction facing the outer peripheral surface of the body, and
The axial magnetic pole faces an axially facing surface of the rotating body.
The rotating body is configured to be sucked in the axial direction, and the power control device is separated from the charging power supply when the storage battery is sufficiently charged and the rotation speed of the rotating body increases to a predetermined value. An electric vehicle which is connected to the power supply for charging when the rotation speed of the rotating body has decreased to a predetermined value, in which charging of the storage battery and power storage of the power storage device are performed. 2. A motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current into an alternating current to drive the motor for driving a wheel, a flywheel type power storage device, and a device for driving the motor for driving a wheel and the power storage device. A power control device having a storage battery for controlling the inverter and the power storage device, and a charging power supply for supplying power to the power control device to charge the storage battery, wherein the power storage device includes a flywheel. A rotating magnetic body, a magnetic bearing for supporting the rotating body in a non-contact manner, and a control type magnetic bearing device having a magnetic bearing control device for controlling the magnetic bearing; and a power generator for driving the rotating body and extracting power. Generator / motor that functions as a motor, an inverter that converts DC into AC and drives the generator / motor, and the generator / motor. An electric motor control device having a converter for converting the supplied alternating current to direct current and supplying the converted power to the power control device, wherein the control type magnetic bearing device is configured to couple the rotating body to a fixed portion.
In a non-contact manner in the radial and axial directions
And two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings,
Three or four magnetic bearings arranged around the rotating body
And each of the electromagnets is located at two positions in the axial direction.
The radial and axial magnetic poles projecting inward in the radial direction
Having a horseshoe shape, wherein the radial magnetic pole has the rotation
The rotary body is sucked in the radial direction facing the outer peripheral surface of the body, and
The axial magnetic pole faces an axially facing surface of the rotating body.
The rotating body is attracted in the axial direction, and at the time of power storage, the power control device is connected to the charging power supply, and the storage battery is charged by power supplied from the charging power supply, and the storage battery is charged by the storage battery. A magnetic bearing device is driven, the rotating body is supported in a non-contact manner by the magnetic bearing in an operation position, the power control device causes the power generation / completion motor to function as a motor, and during operation, the power control device performs the charging. The power supply device is separated from the power supply, the wheel drive motor is driven by the storage battery, the power control device causes the power generation / motor to function as a power generator, and the power storage battery is charged by the power generated by the power generation / motor. An electric vehicle, characterized by: 3. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the charging power supply is an external charging power supply. 4. A motor for driving a wheel, an inverter for converting a direct current to an alternating current to drive the motor for driving a wheel, a flywheel type power storage device, and for driving the motor for driving a wheel and the power storage device. A power control device having a storage battery for controlling the inverter and the power storage device, an engine, and a generator for charging the storage battery by supplying power generated by being driven by rotation of the engine to the power control device. A power storage device, a rotating body having a flywheel, a control type magnetic bearing device having a magnetic bearing for non-contact support of the rotating body and a magnetic bearing control device for controlling the magnetic bearing, A generator / motor that drives the rotating body and functions as a generator when power is taken out, and drives the generator / motor by converting DC to AC. The alternating current generated by the dynamic inverter and the generator serves motor into a DC and a motor control device having a converter for supplying to the power control device, the control type magnetic bearing device, the fixed part of the rotary body To
In a non-contact manner in the radial and axial directions
And two sets of upper and lower control type magnetic bearings,
Three or four magnetic bearings arranged around the rotating body
And each of the electromagnets is located at two positions in the axial direction.
The radial and axial magnetic poles projecting inward in the radial direction
Having a horseshoe shape, wherein the radial magnetic pole has the rotation
The rotary body is sucked in the radial direction facing the outer peripheral surface of the body, and
The axial magnetic pole faces an axially facing surface of the rotating body.
The rotating body is sucked in the axial direction.During traveling, the engine rotates, whereby the generator is driven, and the generated power is supplied to the power control device to charge the storage battery. When not using large power, the power control device causes the generator / motor to function as a motor, and supplies surplus power from the generator to the generator / motor via an inverter of the power control device, The power is stored by driving the rotating body, and when a large amount of power is required, the power control device causes the generator / motor to function as a generator, and the power generated by the generator / motor is used as the power of the motor controller. An electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle is taken out through a converter, and the electric power and the storage battery drive the motor for driving the vehicle.