JP2002045080A - Method of marine column-like shape structure and marine column-like shape structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for producing large amounts of marine column-like shape structures suitable as the nucleus of the bedrocks for allowing seaweeds to adhere thereto in the creation of artificial submarine forest and as artificial fish bank or reef. SOLUTION: The concrete bedrock 2 of a cross shape in the plane view has an almost vertical support hole 5 bored on the upper face side at individual top parts and the holes are filled with a hardening filler 7 such as mortar cast inside. Further, the a column 3 of which all peripheral surfaces except the bottom end part are coated with a paint for growing seaweeds is inserted into the support hole 5 whereby the gaps between the bedrock 2 and the supporting column 3 are filled with the curable filler 7.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pillar-shaped marine structure which is a core structure for forming a seaweed bed (also referred to as a marine forest) as a seaweed reef, and is also suitable as a habitat for fish and shellfish. And its manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, the promotion of coastal fisheries is an important issue in Japan, and the propagation and cultivation of seafood and seaweed are being attempted. However, in the coastal area, the so-called "iso-yake" phenomenon, in which the seaweed beds disappear due to various causes and the seafood that uses the seaweed beds as a place of life, is drastically expanding.

[0003] In general, seaweed grows on a relatively shallow seabed rock surface. However, there is no source of zoospores, etc., because there are no mother algae nearby in the Isogake sea area,
The rocks are covered with lime algae, and seaweeds are difficult to grow on. Also, the growth of seaweed is originally difficult in sandy and muddy waters. Therefore, in the regeneration of seaweed beds in the sea of scorched seas and in the formation of seaweed beds in the sandy mud sea area, the existence of a substrate (structure) suitable for the settlement and growth of the seaweeds together with the transplantation of the seaweeds. Is essential.

Heretofore, as three types of waste materials, such as old tires, thinned materials, used electric poles, etc., are assembled in various three-dimensional shapes as equivalent to this kind of growing substrate. Rather, the focus was on the function as a fish reef. However, in recent years, the usefulness of seaweed beds, such as the productivity of marine resources and the function of purifying water, has been reconsidered, and concrete structures (seaweed reefs) developed mainly for the growth of seaweed are being put into practical use. is there. Among them, for example, JP-A-2000-4
No. 710, the columnar structure proposed by the present applicant disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-23593, are characterized in terms of the rate of formation of seaweed, the rate of survival of the formed seaweed, the effective use of the undersea space, and the like. However, it is much better than the existing planar structures, and it has the effect of a fish reef. That is, the columnar structure has a three-dimensional structure in which a plurality of concrete long columns are erected at an interval on the upper surface of a concrete base having an appropriate shape such as a rectangle or a cross. When seaweed beds are formed, a large number of columnar structures are laid in a predetermined sea area.

[0005]

By the way, in order to manufacture the columnar structure, as in the construction of a general concrete building, first, a mold is assembled in accordance with the outer shape of the base and arranged inside. After the pillars are erected at predetermined positions in the formwork while the reinforcing bars are being formed, concrete is poured into the formwork to form the base and simultaneously integrate the pillars. In this case, the long pillars are placed in a very unstable state until the cast concrete is completely hardened, so for example, a framework scaffold is placed in advance around the formwork,
It was necessary to support the upper part and the intermediate part of the column by laying a single pipe horizontally on this. Further, until the strength of the cast concrete reaches a predetermined value or more, the concrete must be cured in a supported state, and this conventional method has a serious problem in workability and productivity. In addition, when a large number of columnar structures are manufactured in a short period of time, a large space is required during the curing period. The present invention has been made in view of these problems of the related art, and has as its object to provide a method capable of efficiently producing a columnar structure suitable as a seaweed reef or a fish reef, and to provide a columnar structure obtained thereby. It is assumed that.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a method of manufacturing an offshore columnar structure according to the present invention is characterized in that an appropriately shaped concrete base provided with a substantially vertical support hole opened at least on the upper surface side. , While inserting one end side of the column body of an appropriate length into the support hole to be in an upright state,
It is characterized in that the concrete base and the column are integrated by a hardening filler filled in the gap between the loosely fitted portions.

That is, the concrete base used in the present invention is manufactured separately from the pillar in advance, and the upper surface thereof is provided with a support hole slightly larger than the pillar, so that it is erected in the conventional manner. The column can be held in a stable standing state only by loosely inserting one end of the column into the support hole without using a large-scale supporting means for maintaining the state. The concrete base and the column are surely integrated via the hardening material such as mortar filled in the gap between the loosely-fitted portions, so that the workability is extremely good, and the columnar shape is extremely low cost. The structure can be manufactured. Further, by using a quick-setting curable filler, the concrete base and the column can be immediately moved or laid down after being integrated. For this reason, not only is it not necessary to provide a large space for curing after casting concrete as in the past, but also in some situations it is possible to assemble a columnar structure on a barge and sink it as it is, The range of choices for the work procedure from assembly to submersion is further expanded. Furthermore, when this assembling method on a barge is adopted, a large number of concrete bases and pillars can be mounted on the barge without bulk by, for example, stacking them together, and these can be assembled on the barge. It is only necessary to sequentially sink underwater. Therefore,
The number of columnar structures that can be mounted on the barge is much larger than in the case where it is assembled on land in advance, and the use efficiency of the barge can be improved by adopting this method. In addition, as the curable filler, in addition to cement-based fillers such as mortar, cement milk, and underwater cement, a synthetic resin-based filler such as an epoxy resin may be used, and an optimal one is selected according to work conditions and the like. do it. The filling method can be such that an appropriate amount is previously filled in the support hole of the concrete base, or after the column is fitted, the gap is filled from the opening of the support hole.

The shape of the concrete base used in the present invention may be rectangular, cross-shaped, three-pronged, hexagonal, circular, etc. in plan view, having an appropriate weight and area capable of supporting the column in an upright state. There is no particular limitation as long as at least one or more substantially vertical support holes are provided on the upper surface side. This support hole is, for example, using a pipe or the like slightly larger than the outer diameter of the column as a blanking die, and fixing this at a predetermined position of the base forming die, that is, a position where the column is erected. Then, it can be formed by placing concrete in a portion other than the punching formwork. Here, for example, the use of a pipe whose inner peripheral surface is uneven, such as a pipe in which the pipe wall is formed in a wavy shape in the longitudinal direction, increases the adhesive force of the curable filler, and particularly supports holes. Is formed over the entire height of the concrete base so as to substantially penetrate the concrete base, which is effective in preventing the column from falling off the concrete base. The depth of the support hole does not necessarily need to be close to the height of the concrete base, and may be at least such that the column can be maintained in a stable self-standing state. These can be appropriately selected according to the length and the material of the column to be used, the height of the concrete base, and the like. Further, the pipe or the like forming the support hole may not be left as it is in the concrete base, but may be removed at an appropriate time before integrating the pillars.

Next, as the pillars erected on the concrete base, either cylinders or prisms can be applied, and the inside thereof is not necessarily required to be solid and may be hollow. In addition, examples of the material include concrete, plastic, and metal. In particular, when this columnar structure is used as a seaweed reef, concrete structures whose surface is less smooth than those made of other materials due to the ease of adhesion of seaweed to the structure surface It is suitable. Furthermore, in order to exhibit the maximum effect as a seaweed reef, it is desirable to apply a below-mentioned alga nourishing paint to the surface portion excluding the fitting portion of the pillar with the concrete base. This application work can be performed in a factory or the like with the pillars placed horizontally in advance.In this case, compared to the conventional method of applying after integrating the concrete base and the pillars, Therefore, there is an advantage that the coating operation is easy and a uniform coating film can be obtained.

[0010] Such algae paint is a paint composition containing components useful for the growth of seaweed. For example, it is composed of a general chemical fertilizer mainly containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and a paint base. However, a paint for improving the environment of the water area (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-247378), which has already been proposed by the present applicant, is particularly preferable. That is, when a photosynthetic bacterium, porous particles as a carrier thereof, and a water environment improving paint containing the nutrients of the photosynthetic bacterium as a main component are applied to a concrete structure or the like, seaweed floating in the sea Since the zoospores easily settle on the surface of the coating film and the nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed are stably released from the coating film over a long period of time, the structure coated with this paint is It is convenient for cultivating seaweed which is the core of the seaweed. The base material of the paint is preferably an aqueous type or a two-part reaction type that does not use an organic solvent in consideration of the environment. Adhesive strength to the column, coating film strength, and durability in the sea are used as selection criteria. And water permeability that affects the elution of nutrients is determined by comprehensive judgment. A material that satisfies these conditions is typically an acrylic emulsion-based or epoxy-based base. In particular, an acrylic emulsion-based material which swells moderately in the sea and nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed is easily eluted from the coating film and is advantageous in terms of cost is also preferable.

The columnar structure manufactured by the above method is
Since there is no need for a separate support means for holding the column in an upright state, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than in the past, and is suitable for mass production. In addition, since the concrete base and the column can be moved or laid immediately after they are integrated, a large space for curing is not required as in the case where the column is erected at the same time as the conventional base is formed. Not only that, depending on the situation, it becomes possible to assemble the columnar structure on the barge and to set it down in the target sea area as it is.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a marine columnar structure 1 according to the present invention. Marine columnar structure 1 shown
Plays a role of a seaweed reef sunk in the planned area in the creation of a seaweed bed, and its basic configuration is that four circular pillars 3 having a circular cross section are formed on the upper surface of a concrete base 2 having a cross shape in plan view. Are set up near the top of each. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the algae paint 4 is applied to the upper surface and each side surface of the concrete base 2 and the peripheral surface and the upper end surface of each column 3. Incidentally, the width and height of the concrete base 2 are 3 m and 0.6 m, respectively. The pillar 3 is a hollow concrete cylinder having an outer diameter of 0.2 m, and the length of the portion exposed from the concrete base 2 is 3.4 m. In addition, both ends of the pillar 3 used here are closed.

Next, a method of manufacturing the marine columnar structure 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state when the column 3 is fitted into the concrete base 2, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part thereof. At each top of the concrete base 2, a metal pipe 5 whose inner and outer peripheral surfaces are formed in a wavy shape in the longitudinal direction and whose inner diameter is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the column 3 is supported by the column 3. It is buried vertically so as to penetrate the concrete base 2 as a hole. The top surface of the metal pipe 5 is open as it is, but the bottom surface is closed by a cap 6. Then, after injecting an appropriate amount of mortar 7 into each metal pipe 5 of the concrete base 2 placed at an appropriate place on land, a portion (0.6 m on the lower end side) of fitting with the concrete base 2 is removed. The column body 3 to which the algae nourishing paint 4 is applied is suspended by a crane or the like, and inserted into the metal pipe 5 from the lower end side. With this insertion, the mortar 7 pressed on the lower end surface of the column 3
Rises the gap between the metal pipe 5 and the solid state,
By the hardening, the concrete base 2 and the column 3 are integrated. When the gap between the column 3 and the metal pipe 5 is large, immediately after the column 3 is fitted, wedges are driven into a plurality of locations on the opening side so that the column 3 is formed at the center of the metal pipe 5.
Can be reliably fixed. further,
The lower end side of the column 3 is opened by opening the lower end side of the column 3 and providing a projection projecting upward from the bottom cap 6 so that the opening of the column 3 fits into the projection. Can be reliably located at the center.

The concrete base 2 is manufactured by assembling a diverted formwork made of wood, steel, or the like, or a driving formwork made of a cement plate or the like into a cross shape by a known method. (Not shown), the metal pipe 5 may be fixed at a position where the column 3 is to be erected, and concrete may be poured into portions other than the metal pipe 5. In this case, it is preferable to appropriately cover the opening of the metal pipe 5 to prevent concrete from entering. Further, there is no problem in changing the shape of the concrete base 2 to another shape such as a rectangular shape in a plan view, and the number of the columns 3 and the standing position thereof can be freely changed. Further, the algal nourishing paint 4 on the surface of the concrete base 2 may be applied at any stage before or after the integration with the column 3, and depending on the condition of the sea area where the seaweed beds are formed, etc. The coating may be omitted, including the step 3. However, when application to the column 3 is necessary, it is desirable to perform it before integration with the concrete base 2 from the viewpoint of workability.

As described above, according to the present invention, the method of preparing the concrete base 2 in which the support holes 5 of the column 3 are formed and fitting the lower end portion of the column 3 into this is adopted. Thus, the pillar 3 is held in a stable standing state by the concrete base 2 at the lower end portion even before the integration, so that a large-scale supporting means as in the related art becomes unnecessary, and the productivity of the columnar structure 1 is reduced. Can be greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the columnar structure 1 as a seaweed reef manufactured by such a method is sunk in a seaweed bed formation sea area, and after an appropriate period elapses, zoospores from marine algae growing native to the surroundings. , The seaweed 8 grows around the column 3 and gradually grows over the entire columnar structure 1. In this case, since the algal nourishing paint 4 is present on the surface of the columnar structure 1, the growth environment on the surface is extremely favorable for the seaweed 8, and the columnar structure 1 submerged in the sea takes a relatively short time. The seaweed 8 grows and continues to grow well thereafter. Then, spores are released from the mature seaweed 8 there, and seaweed beds are created around the spores. In the case where the seaweed bed is formed in a place where there are no native seaweeds, a young or adult seaweed serving as a zoospore supply source is attached to the columnar structure 1 itself in advance by appropriate fixing means. This is convenient.

Next, FIG. 5 shows the assembling of the columnar structure 1 on the barge 1.
It is explanatory drawing in the case of performing on 0. The configurations of the concrete base 2 and the column 3 used here are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and each is compactly mounted on the barge 10 in a stacked state. Then, while filling the support hole of the concrete base 2 with the underwater cement,
The column 3 is lifted by the crane 11, fitted into the concrete base 2, fixed with a wedge or the like to be in an upright state, and the columnar structure 1 is submerged in the sea. Diver D in the sea
Are waiting, and the columnar structure 1 is installed at a predetermined place. By repeating the work of assembling and submerging the columnar structures 1, a large number of columnar structures 1 can be efficiently installed on the sea floor. In order to further enhance the workability, it is convenient to install a small crane on the barge 10 for lifting the column 3 separately from the crane 11. In this case, a fast-curing filler such as an epoxy resin may be used instead of the underwater cement.

In the above embodiment, the columnar structure 1 as a seaweed reef having a shape in which four pillars 3 are erected on a cruciform concrete base 2 has been described. It is of course possible to apply algae paint. Further, various modifications within the technical concept of the present invention, such as appropriately changing the shape of the concrete base and the number of columns, changing the method of forming the support holes in the concrete base, and the like, are of course possible.

[0018]

As described above, in the method for manufacturing a marine columnar structure according to the present invention, a concrete base having a support hole slightly larger than a column to be erected on its upper surface is manufactured in advance. One end portion of the pillar is loosely fitted into this and the gap between the two is filled with a hardening filler such as mortar and integrated, so a large support for holding the pillar in an upright state. No means is required, the device can be manufactured at a lower cost than in the past, and it is optimal for mass production. Furthermore, by using a quick-curing hardening filler, it is possible to move immediately after integrating the concrete base and the column, and after inserting the column by using underwater cement, It can be sunk immediately. This eliminates the need for a large space for curing as in the conventional method of simultaneously forming the base and erecting the pillars, and provides a practically superior effect such as a wider range of choices for work procedures. .

Further, according to the method of the present invention, the concrete base and the column, which are mounted in a separated state, are formed into a columnar structure on a barge by using the above-mentioned quick-setting hardening filler. It is also possible to sequentially sink underwater while assembling. In this case, a large number of concrete bases and columns can be mounted on the barge without stacking them by stacking them, etc., so they can be mounted on the barge compared to the method of mounting finished products assembled on land in advance. The number of such columnar structures is remarkably large, and not only can the use efficiency of the barge be improved, but also the columnar structures can be assembled without using a land yard.

Further, as a support hole of the concrete base,
For example, if the pipe wall is formed using at least an inner peripheral surface such as a pipe whose corrugated shape is formed in a longitudinal direction, the adhesive force of the curable filler is increased, and the concrete base is formed. It is effective in preventing the pillar from coming off.

Further, in the case where a column body coated with algae paint is applied to a surface portion other than a fitting portion with a concrete base, seaweed zoospores floating in the sea are likely to form on the coating film surface, And since the nutrients necessary for the growth of seaweed are stably released from the coating film over a long period of time, the columnar structure coated with this paint grows seaweed, which is the core of seaweed bed creation as a seaweed reef. Above is convenient. In particular, since this coating work can be performed in a factory or the like with the pillars placed horizontally in advance, the work is more complicated than the conventional method in which the concrete base and the pillars are integrated and then applied. This is advantageous in that a uniform coating film can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a marine columnar structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a method for manufacturing the above marine columnar structure.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a use state of the marine columnar structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another method for manufacturing a marine columnar structure according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Marine pillar-shaped structure, 2 ... Concrete base, 3 ... Column, 4 ... Algae coating, 5 ... Support hole, 6 ... Cap, 7 ... Curable filler, 8 ... Seaweed, 10 ... Barge, 11 ... crane

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Jiro Tachibana 5-14-18 Yayoicho, Nakano-ku, Tokyo F-term (reference) 2B003 AA01 BB03 BB04 BB08 CC02 CC03 CC04 DD01 EE04

Claims (5)

[Claims] An end of a column having an appropriate length is freely inserted into a concrete base having an appropriate shape provided with a substantially vertical support hole opening at least on an upper surface side thereof to be in an upright state. In addition, a method for manufacturing a marine columnar structure, wherein the concrete base and the column are integrated by a hardening filler filled in a gap between the loosely-fitted portions thereof. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete base and the column are mounted on a barge in a separated state, and the two are integrated on the barge immediately before submerging. . 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein an inner peripheral surface of the support hole is uneven. 4. The method for producing a marine columnar structure according to claim 1, wherein an algae nourishing paint is previously applied to an outer peripheral surface of the column other than a loosely fitted portion. 5. An appropriately shaped concrete base provided with a substantially vertical support hole opening on the upper surface side, and one end of the concrete base is loosely fitted into the support hole of the concrete base, and the hardened material is filled around the loosely fitted portion. A marine columnar structure, comprising a pillar integrated with a concrete base by a porous filler.