EP3239448A1 - Actuation device for a motor vehicle sliding door - Google Patents

Abstract

Proposed is a flexibly usable actuating device for opening and / or closing a motor vehicle side door, comprising at least one guide rail (2, 3) for attachment in the region of the lower and / or upper edge of the motor vehicle side door opening, which is designed to at least partially adjacent , in particular at least in sections parallel to the guide (1) of a door holder (4) of the motor vehicle side door to be mounted, a driver element (8, 9) for coupling to the door holder, and a drive element (20) for moving the driver element (9) along the guide rail.

Description

The invention relates to an actuating device for the automatic opening and closing of motor vehicle doors, in particular a sliding door. In particular, the proposed solution is suitable for the subsequent retrofitting of motor vehicles (motor vehicles) and their sliding doors, which as standard have no actuator for the automatic opening and closing of the door, i. These doors are opened and closed manually.

State of the art

Actuators for the automatic opening and closing of motor vehicle sliding doors are known from the prior art. These consist of a drive unit consisting of drive motor, e.g. Electric motor, gearbox and a safety clutches. composed. The drive unit is attached to the vehicle side wall. As force-transmitting elements of the actuator ropes are usually used, the ropes are guided by guides and deflections and driven by a drive wheel which is designed as a reel spool. This unit forms the guide unit, this system is also attached to the side wall and thus forms together with the drive unit, the Betätigunseinrichtung.

The rope or force-transmitting element is with the sliding door connected. The sliding door itself is received on the vehicle side or statically via guides and rollers and translationally displaceable.

In the known systems, a large space requirement is necessary, ie the drive unit protrudes into the passenger compartment and takes up a lot of space.
In addition, the systems are designed in such a way that parts of the guide unit (guides, deflections, levers, etc.) are also mounted or run or guided in the vehicle inside and outside the vehicle.
Associated with this are openings or free cuts on the vehicle side wall, the openings must be laboriously sealed against environmental influences such as water, dirt, ice. If these media reach the vehicle interior, they can cause damage, increased wear or malfunction.

In addition, the mechanics, which runs on the outside of the vehicle or is outboard, is sensitive to environmental influences. The components must be protected consuming and costly by means of covers and panels that are mounted on the vehicle against the influences listed above.

In addition, the additional panels and covers must prevent the risk that persons may injure themselves on components.

The actuator, in particular retrofit solutions are usually integrated in the middle guide rail of the sliding door. The disadvantage here is that the known solutions is significantly reduced in the vehicle structure, supporting components by these are trimmed to mount the mechanics of the mounting solutions in the vehicle interior and place, this is injured by the lintels supporting component structures, these measures affect the crash safety of the vehicle negative.

Such an electric drive device with the disadvantages listed above, which is particularly recommended for retrofitting sliding doors is from the DE 43 41 153 A1 known.

task

The invention has for its object to propose an actuator, which allows flexible use for automatic operation of sliding doors.
The very simple and inexpensive construction and in addition can also be easily installed as a retrofit solution in a car. In this case, the vehicle structure not to change or in the static and thus weaken crash safety. The system is to the little space needed ie occupy no usable space in the vehicle, be protected against environmental influences, thus the reliability of the system over the known solutions is increased.
The object is achieved on the basis of an actuating device, a motor vehicle or a retrofit method, by the characterizing features of the claims.

The measures mentioned in the dependent claims advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are possible.

Accordingly, the erfindungsmäß actuator of the automatic door opening or closing a motor vehicle sliding door, as used for example in a car, minibus or van, a caravan, a caravan, a camping vehicle, a van or the like. Especially for motorhomes there are vehicle manufacturers, which do not offer an electric sliding door as standard.
With the actuator according to the invention, the Sliding door automatically, ie motor-operated moved into a closed door position or in an open position and can be easily retrofitted in a retrofit process without weakening the vehicle structure by additionally introduced openings and holes.

To which the proposed invention, in the case of repair or maintenance is very easy and accessible with the sliding door open from the outside, since the actuator and guide rail 2.3 is placed between the sill and vehicle floor and this space is very accessible when the door is open. In the known solutions a considerable effort for the disassembly of the panels and covers is necessary, especially in mobile homes, the actuator is installed by furniture or kitchen units and for repairs and maintenance a very high dismantling effort necessary to get to the mechanics of the actuator.

In a further advantageous development of the invention, a mixed operation between manual door opening and closing as well as automatic ie motorized door opening and closing can be represented. The user or operator can trigger the automatic door opening or closing via radio, or button, cell phone or tablet, or manually open or close the sliding door depending on your needs and situation manually in the usual way by your own "muscle power" by the external or internal handle of the sliding door is actuated. By actuating the handle, the sliding door is decoupled from the driver angle 8 via a cable pull and a movable driver pin 9 and thus the connection and power flow to the driver angle is interrupted, the door can now be moved manually in the usual way. The decoupling of the driver element can also be done via a lever. This can be directly attached to the driver element (driver pin) and operated separately or via a cable. Due to this design, the sliding door can always, even with not existing vehicle voltage and especially in emergencies or accidents manually opened and thus also emergency unlocked.
Particularly advantageous is the retrofitting of this system in vehicles with manually operated sliding doors, because here the cable is usually routed as standard in the door, this is required as Entkopplungslement for the door lock with the door open. When retrofitting the sliding door is held by the self-locking of the actuator in position, thus this cable can be "misappropriated" for the decoupling or actuation of the driving pin. 9

Due to the arrangement and installation position of the actuator between the vehicle floor and sill, all components are internal with closed sliding door in the vehicle, the actuator is even protected by vehicle door seal door of the sliding door from environmental influences, such as, dust, dirt, water ice, temperature differences. This design increases the reliability and longevity of the system.

The guide unit is formed by a straight guide rail 2,3, the deflection of the inserted chain or belt takes place within this guide rail. The belt is held together by a cam angle 8, i. There are no endless chains or belts are used, which in turn simplifies installation. The Mitnehmerwinkel 8 is positively guided in the guide rail 2,3, thus occurring in operation transverse forces that occur during the door opening or door closure of the chain 5 or belt 6 kept away.

Instead of the chain 5 or belt 6 can be used very advantageously also a spindle 6a. On the spindle, a spindle nut is installed, the spindle nut is set by the enclosure in the guide rail during rotation of the spindle in translational motion. The driving angle 8 is firmly connected to the spindle nut, or the pin is inserted directly into the spindle nut.

When opening the sliding door this is always moved or offset in the transverse direction to the vehicle direction of travel on the series guide elements of the door. This has the advantage that the door can then be guided laterally along the vehicle side wall in the guide rails. The proposed planar guide rail 2,3 can not represent this transverse offset. The problem is solved by the invention by the Mitnehmerwinkel 8 is connected by means of driving pin 9 with the tension mechanism 7. The connection is positive, the tension mechanism can rotate about the driving pin 9. The tension mechanism 7 is in turn articulated on the opposite side with the door bracket 4. The door holder 4 is coupled in its extension with the guide profile of the actual door guide in the lower area via a roller 25. When opening the door, the length compensation or transverse offset to the guide rail 2,3 now takes place via the articulated arrangement of the tension mechanism 7.

The tension mechanism 7 pulls at a door opening on the door bracket 4, thus the sliding door is opened. In a door closure, the pull mechanism 7 presses against the door holder 4, the door is closed.

The guide rails 2,3 are screwed flat in the vehicle via a screw and less sheet metal processing with the vehicle floor.
The screws are easily accessible even during later maintenance or repairs and can be installed and removed very quickly.

Due to the confined space conditions and the task to occupy any usable space in the vehicle interior by the mechanics of the actuator, the gear / drive 16 is mounted vertically and coplanar with the guide rail 2.3. The available space, like him is used in each vehicle with design of the guide profile 1.

In the event that a spindle and spindle nut is installed in the guide rail, the motor can be bolted directly to the drive housing or transmission, i. the axis of the motor is in this case perpendicular to the spindle or Führunsschiene. Accordingly, the engine can be accommodated to save space. In addition, in this arrangement, enough space for the mounted in the guide door bracket or the coupled to the door bracket driver element is left.

In the event that due to tight space conditions for the electric motor 20 directly on the gear 16 is no place the problem is solved as follows inventive. The drive motor is guided out of this area via a flexible shaft 19 and is e.g. above, protected inside the vehicle, can be mounted against rotation. Here, advantageous positions of the motor 20, e.g. within the clearances on the motor vehicle pillar, or under plastic panels of the motor vehicle pillars. The advantageous use of a flexible shaft allows position-independent positioning of the motor 20 relative to the transmission 16, to which the solution is not critical with respect to mounting tolerances of the motor 20, since the flexible shaft is also an excellent element for tolerance compensation. Any openings on the body for passage in cavities on the motor vehicle pillar only need small diameters wide, which do not affect the strength of the vehicle structure, especially in retrofits.

• Einfache Bauweise
• Es werden keine Abdeckungen Blenden etc. zum Schutz vor Verletzungen benötigt.
• Kostengünstige Betätigungseinrichtung
• Betätigungseinrichtung komplett im Fahrzeuginnenraum, keine außenliegende Mechanik, welche Umwelteinflüssen ausgesetzt ist.
• Keine Blechbearbeitung bzw. keine Öffnungen an außenliegenden Blechen

By the construction described above, the above-described problem is solved.

• Simple construction
• No covers, etc. are required for protection against injury.
• Inexpensive actuator
• Actuator completely in the vehicle interior, no external mechanics, which is exposed to environmental influences.
• No sheet metal processing or no openings on external sheets

The guide unit as well as the complete actuating device can also be advantageously integrated as a completely pre-assembled unit in the vehicle, this has the advantage that vehicle tolerances bridged or compensated in the tolerance chain.

To be particularly advantageous, the design shows with spindle, spindle nut and guide unit with flanged motor on the drive unit, this unit can be used as a whole, in one piece in the space, mounting space.

Within the gear unit is an overload clutch 21 to keep out damage, external influences from the transmission.

In case of abuse or trapping of persons, it is advantageous to stop the sliding door very quickly to keep the wake or kinetic energy away from the person. The kinetic energy of the door may e.g. are also absorbed by a magnetic brake, in this case, a reaction force is generated against the direction of movement of the door. As a solution and brake shoes are conceivable, which is like a car disc brake in detection of emergencies such. via safety edges, close and stop the door abruptly in your motion or inertia. As a position for the brake shoes this case offers a pinion within the guide rail 2,3.

When disengaged drive pin 9, ie operation manual door adjustment, the tension mechanism 7 by means of a spring 24, preferably a leg spring against the Guide rail pressed.
And defined in the rotational position.
This ensures that when passing over, ie manual movement of the door, and when not actuated door handle, the system
again finds positive fit, ie the driving pin 9 engages in the driving angle 8 against the compression spring 10 on the driving pin 9. Thus, the door can be electrically operated again.

solution

The solution to this problem is a rail-guided traction mechanism 7 which is arranged on the lower guide 1 of the sliding door and can be driven with the following train pressure means: a toothed belt 6 or a chain 5, or a spindle 6a and 6b spindle nut. The arranged on the traction means driving angle 8 is connected via a, arranged on the tension mechanism 7 and by a cable 11, disengageable driving pin 9 with the adjustable door bracket 4. The Mitnehmerwinkel 8 is positively guided in the guide rail 2.3. The Mitnehmerwinkel can also be designed as a spindle nut 6b, at the drive element spindle 6a. This mechanism 7 can be unlocked via the built-in drive pin 9 and arranged on the door pull mechanism 7 with the door, so that in case of power failure, emergency, etc., the door can be opened manually. It is also conceivable that a driver opening, such as in Zugmechanikhebel, is provided, in which for the coupling part of the door holder or the drive element (eg, chain, spindle, belt or the like) engages articulated. A mixed operation is optionally also possible by the user. The arranged at the ends of the guide rails 2 or 3 timing pulleys 14 or sprockets 13 deflect the timing belt 6 or chain 5 to. A toothed belt pulley or sprocket is driven via a gear 16, so that in the rail arranged traction device is adjusted linearly. Particularly advantageous is the design as a drive element spindle 6a and spindle nut 6b, since no deflections are required and the space requirement is very low. The spindle 6a and spindle nut 6b can absorb large forces, also is on the slope of the spindle, a change in speed adjustable without changing the space. This transmission 16 is driven via an overload mechanism 21 with an electric motor 20 via a flexible shaft 19. The connection between the worm wheel 17 and the driven toothed belt wheel 14 or sprocket 13 via an adjustable overload protection.
The electric motor 20 is preferably installed in a protected space against rotation and is connected to the drive gear 16 via a flexible shaft 19.

To avoid skipping the belt 14, or chain 5, these are usually installed biased, inventive task was solved in the form that the clamping device 12 and the voltage within the actuator or guide rail 2.3 are shown. The tensioning device 12 can be realized very easily via an eccentric arrangement. Via the rotation of the eccentric, the sprocket 13 or toothed belt wheel 14 is moved in the longitudinal direction and thus the chain 5, or the toothed belt 6 is biased.

In cramped space conditions and to get a better power flow in the system particularly simple, the guide rail can be made in two parts, this two rails are used, a rail rests on the vehicle floor and the second rail rests on the sill plate of the vehicle. Both rails are still within the floor assembly between sill and vehicle floor. This design ensures that additional space for the driving pin 9, driving angle 8 and in particular for the tension mechanism 7 is created. The arrangement of the listed elements is in this design between or within the two-piece rail. In particular, when retrofitting can be avoided that the door bracket 4 must be changed, ie the series component can be used as a force transmitting element on. Changes to this component will necessitate new declines in the conformity of the sliding door.

This construction also has a further advantage that, due to the two-part design or exploded construction, the oblong hole of the guide rail 3 for the driving lug 9 is located on the side facing the vehicle floor, i. the guide system is further improved because this results in additional protection solely by the rotation of the slot down against the ingress of dirt particles in the rail.

As a further solution, the drive unit with spindle 6a and spindle nut is proposed, this unit requires no deflections and can be installed in very tight spaces. The internal forces are absorbed by the guide rail 2 and introduced via their attachment to the vehicle structure.

embodiments

• Fig. 1 Isoansicht im Detail auf die Antriebsseite der Betätigungseinrichtung
• Fig. 2 Isoansicht der ganzen Betätigungseinrichtung
• Fig. 3 Schnittansicht durch die Antriebsseite
• Fig. 4 Schnittansicht durch das Getriebe
• Fig. 5 Seitenansicht der Betätigungseinrichtung
• Fig. 6 Detailansicht die Antriebsseite der Betätigungseinrichtung,
  In diesem Bild ist zu erkennen, in welcher Stellung sich die Bauteile bei ausgrückter bzw. geöffneter Tür befindet, insbesondere die Relativbewegung des Elementes Zugmechanik 7. Die Zugmechanik wird über die Feder 24 in Position vorgespannt.
• Fig. 7 Längsschnitt durch die Führungsschiene. In dieser Ansicht ist der Mitnehmerstift 9 und Mitnahmewinkel 8 im Eingriff dargestellt.
• Fig. 8. Isoansicht der Betätigungseinrichtung bei zweiteiliger Gestaltung der Führungsschiene, d.h. die Türhalterung, Zugmechanik 7, Mitnehmerwinkel 8 und Mitnehmerstift 9 befinden in der Lage bzw. Anordnung zwischen den beiden Schienen.
• Fig. 9. Schnittansicht der zweiteiligen, bzw. doppelten Gestaltung der Führungsschiene 3. Die Türhalterung, Zugmechanik 7, Mitnehmerwinkel 8 und Mitnehmerstift 9 befinden in der Lage bzw. Anordnung zwischen den beiden Schienen.
• Fig. 10. Seitenansicht er zweiteiligen, bzw. doppelten Gestaltung der Führungsschiene 3
• Fig. 11. Schnittansicht der Betätigungseinrichtung, bei welcher das Antriebselement Spindel 6a und Spindelmutter 6b eingesetzt wird. Geführt in der Führungsschiene 2. Mit Darstellung der Anlenkung Motor und Getriebe 16. Darstellung Spindelmuuter 6b mit Aufnahme für Mitnehmerstift 9.
• Fig. 12. Draufsicht auf die Betätigungseinrichtung, bei welcher das Antriebselement Spindel 6a und Spindelmutter 6b eingesetzt wird.

Motor 20 und Spindel 6a bilden einen Winkel von 90°.Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and illustrated below.

• Fig. 1 Iso view in detail on the drive side of the actuator
• Fig. 2 Iso view of the whole actuator
• Fig. 3 Section through the drive side
• Fig. 4 Section through the gearbox
• Fig. 5 Side view of the actuator
• Fig. 6 Detail view of the drive side of the actuator,
  In this picture, it can be seen in which position the components are located when the door is opened or opened, in particular the relative movement of the element Zugmechanik 7. The tension mechanism is biased by the spring 24 in position.
• Fig. 7 Longitudinal section through the guide rail. In this view, the driving pin 9 and driving angle 8 is shown engaged.
• Fig. 8 , Isoansicht the actuator in two-part design of the guide rail, ie the door bracket, tension mechanism 7, 7 Mitnehmerwinkel and driving pin 9 are in the position or arrangement between the two rails.
• Fig. 9 , The door holder, tension mechanism 7, driving angle 8 and driving pin 9 are in the position or arrangement between the two rails.
• Fig. 10 , Side view he two-piece, or double design of the guide rail. 3
• Fig. 11 , Sectional view of the actuator, in which the drive element spindle 6a and spindle nut 6b is used. Guided in the guide rail 2. With representation of the linkage between motor and gear 16. Presentation of spindle nut 6b with mounting for driving pin 9.
• Fig. 12 , Top view of the actuator, in which the drive element spindle 6a and spindle nut 6b is used.

Motor 20 and spindle 6a form an angle of 90 °.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Guide profile / sliding door vehicle

2

Guide rail easy

3

Guide rail double

4

door bracket

5

Traction chain

6

Traction means toothed belt
6a traction means spindle
6b spindle nut

7

draw mechanism

8th

Follower

9

Carrier pin

10

compression spring

11

release cable

12

jig

13

Sprocket

14

toothed belt

15

Powered toothed belt wheel / sprocket

16

Drive / transmission

17

worm

18

worm shaft

19

Flexible drive shaft

20

Electric motor / drive

21

Overload mechanics

22

adjusting spring

23

Ausrückstift

24

pressing spring

25

role

Claims (15)

Actuating device for opening and / or closing a motor vehicle side door, comprising: • at least one guide rail (2, 3) for attachment in the region of the lower and / or upper edge of the motor vehicle side door opening, which is designed to at least partially parallel, in particular at least partially parallel to the guide (1) a door bracket (4) of the motor vehicle Side door to be installed, A driver element (8, 9) for coupling to the door holder, • A drive element (20) for moving the driver element (9) along the guide rail. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element (20) for transmitting power to the driver element (8, 9) comprises a chain (5) and / or a belt (6) and / or a spindle (6a),
and / or that the driver element is designed as a spindle nut (6b), which is in operative connection with the spindle and / or the guide rail in order to drive the driver element via the spindle. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element and / or the chain and / or the belt and / or the spindle and / or the spindle nut and / or a deflection device (13, 14, 15) for deflecting the chain and / or of the belt is at least partially stored in the at least one guide rail / are. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a release unit (11) is provided to release the coupling of the driver element (9) to the drive element and / or to the door bracket, wherein in particular the release unit comprises a cable over the actuation thereof the coupling of the driver element is detachable, and / or that the release unit comprises a lever, via the actuation of the coupling of the driver element is detachable Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver element comprises a driving pin (9) and / or driving pin and / or a driving opening to couple to the drive element and / or the door holder, wherein the driving pin and / or the driving pin and / or the driving opening via the release unit releasably, in particular from the engagement in the drive element and / or in the door bracket and / or from the engagement of the drive element and / or the door bracket in the driving opening releasably, are formed. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver element has a compression spring (10) for biasing the driving pin and / or driving pin and / or the driving opening. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the driver element is rotatably mounted by a Zugmechanikhebel (7) on the door bracket, wherein in particular the Zugmechanikhebel: • Is rotatably mounted on the door bracket and / or • biased against the door bracket, preferably biased by a spring. Actuating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide rail (2, 3) is designed as a profile tube and / or at least two parts and / or as a straight rail Body with a motor vehicle side door, which is connected to a door bracket, and with a guide of the door bracket, characterized in that an actuating device according to one of the preceding claims is provided for opening and / or closing the motor vehicle side door. Body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide rail (2, 3) is arranged between the sill and the vehicle floor. Body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide rail is arranged in one of the sliding door in the closed state hidden area. Body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one guide rail (2, 3) is attached to the sliding door and / or the outwardly facing side of the guide (1) of the door holder (4). Body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide (1) of the door holder (4) in its course in sections of the guide rail has a different distance, in particular deviates curved. Vehicle with a body according to one of the preceding claims and / or with an actuating device according to one of the preceding claims for opening and / or closing the motor vehicle side door. Retrofit method for retrofitting an actuating device for opening and / or closing a motor vehicle side door on a motor vehicle with a body, characterized in that an actuating device according to one of the preceding claims is used, wherein: • The guide rail (2, 3) in the region of the lower and / or upper edge of the motor vehicle side door opening and at least partially adjacent, in particular at least partially parallel to the guide (1) a door bracket (4) of the motor vehicle side door, preferably between the sill and vehicle floor , is attached and • the driver element (8, 9) is coupled to the door holder (4), wherein in particular • A mounted in the motor vehicle cable for decoupling the door lock with the door open is used to release the driver element (9).

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