EP0581918B1 - Procede de fusion de residus de combustion dans des scories - Google Patents
Procede de fusion de residus de combustion dans des scories Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0581918B1 EP0581918B1 EP93902029A EP93902029A EP0581918B1 EP 0581918 B1 EP0581918 B1 EP 0581918B1 EP 93902029 A EP93902029 A EP 93902029A EP 93902029 A EP93902029 A EP 93902029A EP 0581918 B1 EP0581918 B1 EP 0581918B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- waste
- air
- low
- combustion
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title description 23
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007787 solid Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012717 electrostatic precipitator Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 12
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010808 liquid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010327 methods by industry Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
- F23G5/0276—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage using direct heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/101—Combustion in two or more stages with controlled oxidant supply
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2202/00—Combustion
- F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
- F23G2202/104—Combustion in two or more stages with ash melting stage
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2203/00—Furnace arrangements
- F23G2203/20—Rotary drum furnace
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for degassing, Gasification, burning and melting of waste as well as melting of solid residues, for example from domestic waste incineration plants using garbage as an energy source.
- the fly ash, filter cake and slag from conventional waste incineration plants today contains, in addition to unburned carbon, washable Heavy metal compounds and organic hydrocarbons.
- the legislation is now increasingly moving around the world, striking reductions to prescribe the amount of such pollutants (in a relatively short time), so reduce the eco-toxic potential of the slags and safe storage and / or to make use of the width.
- the Requirements for other solid residues airborne dust and RGR residues
- Residues that are no longer used should be able to be processed into as inert residues as possible.
- waste is in a pyrolysis tube swollen and the pyrolysis residues are sieved and separated, so that landfill is excreted in a less harmful form to get and so only part of the waste in a rotary tube Use a burner to melt slag.
- the aim of the invention is to contribute to the relief of the environment. It sets itself the task of a process for the effective inerting of Specify slag, fly dusts, boiler ash and similar toxic substances and to create a facility with which to carry out this procedure can be.
- the condensed and environmentally harmful according to the inventive process Material that effectively binds materials is supposed to be an environmental one harmless landfill form (e.g. as a TVA inert residue according to the Swiss Requirements of the technical regulation for waste) or can be put to a useful purpose instead of being deposited.
- the reactor according to FIG. 1 is constructed using tried and tested plant components available on the market. In terms of process engineering, the components are coupled and connected in series so that the desired process can be carried out.
- the reactor points in the process direction, that is from left to right, the essential parts of the device: a feed point 1, for receiving the process material with devices for placing it on the smoldering grate (for example a feed grate); a generator 2 in which garbage is gassed or gasified with an under-stoichiometric air supply;
- an afterburning chamber 9 with an addition device 10, for example air supply for lingering and afterburning still combustible components, and then an empty draft for the flue gases to be discharged, which leads into a boiler group 11
- the waste is fed into a generator via a feed device transported on a moving grate.
- a feed device transported on a moving grate.
- the garbage is soaked and preheated.
- the processes in the generator in contrast to the most widespread rust systems, with a lot smaller amounts of air, especially with a smaller amount of downwind resp. smaller (substoichiometric) excess air run out in the micro or Local area much fewer so-called "hot combustion nests" (hot spots) educated. This causes a sharp reduction in NOx emissions (probably 50% -70%).
- the rotary kiln is connected to the generator for the melting of Own and foreign substances in the slag.
- air is well distributed into the rotary tube Rotating tube injected.
- the energy released in the process increases the temperature in the rotary tube increases the slag melting point, and the total solids (self-slag and foreign matter) are liquefied.
- the circulation of the slag in the Rotary tube leads to thorough mixing, homogenization and a good burnout.
- the slag flows out of the slightly inclined rotary tube into a pre-cooler and then into a detoxifier.
- the reactor can be used with those on the market today Gas cleaning components such as dust filters, laundry, denox and dioxin separation be equipped.
- Gas cleaning components such as dust filters, laundry, denox and dioxin separation be equipped.
- these components can compared to the conventional waste incineration plants significantly lower Gas volume flows can be designed.
- the final temperatures of the combustion process are lower than Accordingly, the process discussed here results in larger amounts of gas. For this reason, in the method according to the invention Efficiency of the plant higher than with conventional waste incineration plants.
- Plants of this size cannot simply be set up on a trial basis or existing systems can be converted on a trial basis.
- the method for the use of as many as possible Align proven and commercially available plant components is also with an aim of the invention, the method for the use of as many as possible Align proven and commercially available plant components.
- a specially selected system was modified to test the process procedurally adjusted to a reactor according to the invention.
- Various Defects were accepted, which are: the amount of waste, that is, the energy source required for liquefaction of slag difficult to regulate; the ratio between smoldering and combustion air could only be approximated; the injection of the combustion and Burnout air was only partially and properly distributed in the right amount respectively.
- the operational safety of the system had to be guaranteed will.
- the filter dust was added as recirculate via a specially made water-cooled lock construction, which is attached close to the rotary tube was (posting point 6, Figure 1).
- the filter dust was in batches introduced the facility. There were during a certain period in Average approx. 10%, later 20% of those given during the main test Put the amount of waste into the system and melt it down (see Figure 3).
- Figure 6 shows approximately the composition the amount of residues from burning 1 ton of waste.
- the question of pollutant emissions in the method according to the invention can The following are carried out: Several samples of those melted in this process Garbage slag with and without recirculation addition resp. with and without adding filter dust were tested with an eluate test (CH-TVA test). The melted rubbish slag without the addition of recirculate not only fulfilled the eluate test according to TVA for an inert substance; she also has a loss on ignition of only ⁇ 0.1%. All declared highly harmful hydrocarbon compounds such as dioxins, furans etc. are below the detection limit. The evaluations show that the TVA limit values for inert substances (Eluate test) of all samples examined were not exceeded. The TVA limit values for inert substances were determined in both eluates (Test 1 and Test 2) not exceeded. The slag thus fulfills the tested Parameters the requirements of the regulation.
- the nitrogen oxide or NOx emissions during the test with the addition of filter dust were 2.5 times lower than in normal operation and below the regulation in Switzerland.
- the daily mean value reached was approx. 141 mg / m 3 n based on 11% O 2 .
- the sulfur oxide or SOx concentration in the clean gas rose during the experiment. This is probably due to temperature-related decomposition of metal sulfates.
- the inventive method discussed here offers the possibility of without slag, ashes and fly dusts to melt away from the outside. As the eluate tests show, heavy metal compounds are in the Slag is practically insoluble. The melted slag has also a very low loss on ignition and the dioxin values are below the detection limits. Unlike other processes, this is done Melt not only without external energy supply; it is even a higher one Plant efficiency is to be expected than with conventional incineration plants. The Plant offers the possibility of incineration residues in one dissipate environmentally friendly form and reduce the cost of disposal.
- the diagram in FIG. 2 shows the temperature profile measured in the test in the reactor.
- the temperature control is reduced to lower temperatures in order to lower it completely in a subsequent boiler group for the purpose of heat recuperation and recirculation.
- the solid line shows the thermal curve of a theoretical (ideal) combustion and the dashed line shows the temperature curve of the system in standard operation. The course shown with dots shows the melting operation.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 Two flow diagrams are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 which, based on the process, essentially show the mass flow and the associated energy flow. It is clear that these diagrams with absolute numbers indicate a very specific course and composition which is dependent on the plant and combustion material, but essentially show the effectiveness of the method according to the invention.
- the reactor presented here essentially consists of a combination of a closed gas generator 2 with a mechanical Feed grate 3 and a downstream rotary kiln 7 and one Plenty of process-engaging connections (e.g. additions, returns) Etc.).
- the usual flue gas cleaners and a device are connected downstream for the discharge of the liquid slag. Lead out of these assemblies Process interventions (feedbacks) to the generator / rotary tube group back.
- the process path begins at entry 1, in which fixed and liquid waste RG, additives AD, recycled rust diarrhea RD as well Foreign substances FR (e.g. slag from other domestic waste incineration plants for Melting). These substances get on the feed grate 3, where they add other substances such as rust air RL, vapors BR, polluting air VL, foreign substances FR and oxygen-containing gases O2 is carbonized, but not gassed, burned. This is achieved in the after heating up through the grate, a substoichiometric amount of grate air RL is blown in very slowly. Through a plurality of air nozzles 4 can recirculated flue gas RR, vapors BR and pollution air VL be added.
- Foreign substances FR e.g. slag from other domestic waste incineration plants for Melting.
- the solid residues kettle ash KA and filter dust FS can be recycled RZ or from household waste incineration plants as foreign matter FR close to Put the rotary tube in the system and with the residues of the generator be melted down.
- Such foreign substances and residues can, as above already mentioned, also as fiber for the targeted change of the composition of the char can be added at the entry. By the melting of residues and recirculate, as well as foreign substances FR will immobilize their pollutants, especially heavy metals reached.
- the device points to the side walls of the generator Addition points 4 for the supply of combustion air VL, vapors BR or recirculated flue gas RR.
- Addition points 4 for the supply of combustion air VL, vapors BR or recirculated flue gas RR.
- a system 6 is provided for the rotary tube, which the addition of a preheated gas / air mixture from the area of a (provided) Hood 8 above the rotary tube, and of combustion air VL, vapors BR or of oxygen O2 is used.
- the afterburning chamber 9 after the rotary tube another system 10 for adding combustion air VL or brothers BR provided.
- the preheated and partially degassed solid residues of the generator arrive into the rotary tube.
- O2 introduced to the rotary tube causes combustion in the rotary tube the generator gases.
- the temperature reached in the rotary tube leads to complete burnout and melting of the solid reaction products, which are melted away from the rotary tube.
- the melting will be all at the temperature of 1300 ° C - 1400 ° C organic compounds destroyed and heavy metals in the glass structure of the Slag permanently integrated.
- the glazed slag only indicates the surface removes little of the bound heavy metals.
- the energy for melting comes from waste, which should have been burned either way and slag, as well as residues would have produced, and the inventive method does not melt only their own slags and residues, but still has capacity, Process foreign substances with.
- Figure 2 shows the approximate temperature profile of the process in the reactor.
- the process begins with task 1, where the temperature is still that of the environment. Seen in the process direction, in the generator at the beginning of the grate, the temperature is a few 100 ° C and increases with increasing charring (gasification) at the end of the grate to about 1000 ° C, but without forming significant heat or hot spots.
- the temperature of the charring is controlled by the targeted addition of rust air RL underneath the rest and by the addition of vapors BR and / or charring air VL.
- the temperature rises quickly to the high temperature range between 1200 ° C and 1400 ° C due to ignition of the carbonization gases.
- Burning out and melting take place at this temperature.
- the temperature On the transition point to the afterburner chamber remains the temperature through the Effect of further supplied combustion air essentially the same and then falls through the targeted addition of additional (cooling) combustion air VL and / or vapors BR successively again in the direction of the low temperature range to 1100 ° C.
- the flue gases are cooled to 200 ° C.
- This diagram shows that the very high temperatures over 1000 ° C, at which the slag begins to melt and at which system parts not designed for this temperature begin to be damaged, For example, from the grate into a rotary kiln designed for these temperatures be relocated.
- These high temperatures in a suitable place the first can be achieved in a targeted manner by the process according to the invention can, so to speak, in the better interpretable for high temperatures Rotary kiln delegated.
- With delegation is not just the burning of one other place but also the transfer of the energy carriers to them Location meant.
- the substoichiometric charring is caused by recuperated, recirculated thermal energy from the area of the rotary kiln (hood 8) largely to completely supported.
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram for the addition of filter dust within the test series, which was briefly discussed above. For a little over two hours, the fractions were added in two proportions: initially about 10% based on the amount of rubbish, then about 20%. With automated addition, the task can be staggered in finer steps.
- FIG. 4 shows, in the form of a pie chart according to Vehlow, an exemplary composition of the residues from a ton of waste.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Claims (19)
- Procédé pour l'incinération de déchets (RG) dans une installation de carbonisation comportant un générateur de gaz (2) muni d'une grille d'avance (3) et d'un tube tournant (7) disposé en aval de ce dernier, le déroulement du procédé étant le suivant : application des déchets (RG) sur la grille d'avance (3), chauffage et carbonisation des déchets RG se trouvant sur la grille d'avance (3) de façon qu'il se forme à partir des résidus (RG) des résidus de pyrolyse encore combustibles et des gaz de carbonisation combustibles, avec essentiellement maintien de la teneur énergétique d'incinération des déchets (RG), introduction en continu d'air dans le générateur de gaz (2) dans la zone de la transition entre le générateur de gaz (2) et le tube tournant (7), lequel air est mélangé au gaz de carbonisation et est poussé avec ce dernier dans le tube tournant (7), de façon que les résidus de pyrolyse qui arrivent en continu dans le tube tournant subissent une incinération à haute température avec le mélange de gaz de carbonisation et de gaz de combustion.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les fumées (RR) et les résidus solides (KA, FS, RZ) de l'installation d'incinération sont renvoyés au générateur de gaz (2).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la carbonisation est réalisée sur la grille d'avance (3) avec une quantité d'air de grille (RL) inférieure à la quantité stoechiométrique, qui en tant que courant d'air sous grille, est comprimé sous une faible pression à travers le produit de carbonisation.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que de l'air de carbonisation (VL) et/ou un mélange préchauffé de gaz et d'air (VV) sont introduits dans le générateur de gaz (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif d'introduction (6).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 4, caractérisé en ce qu'un gaz oxygéné (02) et/ou des vapeurs (BR) sont introduits dans le générateur de gaz (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un dispositif d'introduction (6).
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'énergie thermique qui est libérée au cours des étapes du procédé suivant la carbonisation est renvoyée à elle-même.
- Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une incinération complète des fractions combustibles des fumées (RR) est réalisée dans une chambre de post-combustion (9) installée en aval du tube tournant (7).
- Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que de l'air de carbonisation (VL) et des vapeurs (PR) sont introduits dans la chambre de post-combustion (9), pour assurer une post-combustion, avec régulation de la température, des fumées (RR).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour ce qui concerne le mélange de gaz et d'air (VV), il s'agit d'une part de gaz qui s'échappent par des défauts d'étanchéité au niveau des transitions du tube tournant (7), et d'autre part d'air qui est préchauffé par les chaleurs perdues du tube tournant (7).
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les vapeurs (BR) proviennent d'une installation d'épuration des eaux résiduaires et/ou d'une unité d'incinération des boues de clarification, et comportent des fractions destinées à subir une réaction en présence d'énergie thermique, fractions à l'aide desquelles la teneur des fumées (RR) en oxydes d'azote diminue.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que des résidus solides tels que des cendres de chaudière (KA), des poussières d'unités de filtration (FS) et des produits de recirculation (RZ) provenant du procédé proprement dit, ainsi que des substances étrangères (FR) provenant d'opérations étrangères, sont introduits dans le générateur de gaz (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un appareil spécial de chargement (5), et que ces matières, d'une part sont soumises à une fusion en même temps que les résidus solides de pyrolyse du générateur de gaz (2), et d'autre part, sont utilisées en tant que ballast pour la régulation du procédé.
- Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'on y utilise des matières étrangères (FR) provenant d'installations d'incinération des ordures ménagères.
- Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des déchets (RG) et les matières ayant passé la grille (RD) et recyclées sont envoyés au générateur de gaz (2) par une trémie d'introduction (1).
- Appareil pour incinérer des déchets (RG), en particulier pour incinérer des ordures ménagères et pour provoquer la fusion de résidus d'incinération tels que les scories, les cendres et analogues, présentant les caractéristiques suivantes : un générateur de gaz (2) muni d'une grille d'avance (3) pour chauffer et carboniser les déchets (RG) ; un tube tournant (7), installé immédiatement en aval du générateur de gaz (2), pour provoquer l'incinération à haute température de ces déchets chauffés et carbonés (RG) et des gaz de carbonisation, pour les transformer en scories et fumées ; un poste d'alimentation (1) dans le générateur de gaz (2) pour introduire les déchets (RG) ; un appareil disposé dans le générateur de gaz (2) pour amener de l'air de grille (RL), lequel air de grille (RL) est utilisé comme courant d'air sous grille pour traverser à l'état comprimé la matière à carboniser, de façon qu'il se forme à partir des déchets (RG) des résidus de pyrolyse encore combustibles et des gaz de carbonisation combustibles, et que la teneur en énergie d'incinération des déchets RG se maintienne, et une installation (6) disposée au-dessus de la grille d'avance (3), disposée dans le générateur de gaz (2) pour introduire de l'air préchauffé dans la zone de la transition entre le générateur de gaz (2) et le tube tournant (7), pour permettre cette incinération à haute température, lequel air est mélangé au gaz de carbonisation et est refoulé en même temps que ce dernier dans le tube tournant.
- Appareil selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte dans le générateur de gaz (2) un dispositif d'alimentation (5) destiné à ajouter des résidus solides (KA, FS, RZ, FR) pour faciliter cette incinération à haute température, lesquels résidus solides ajoutés peuvent être des produits de recirculation (RZ) de l'appareil, des cendres de chaudière (KA) d'une chambre de post-combustion (9) et/ou d'un groupe de chaudières (11), et des poussières (FS) d'un filtre électrostatique (12).
- Appareil selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des postes d'addition (4) destinés à ajouter des fumées (RR) de l'appareil, qui se forment lors de l'incinération à haute température, et/ou des postes d'addition (4), ainsi qu'un dispositif d'introduction (6) pour introduire des vapeurs (BR) dans le générateur de gaz (2).
- Appareil selon la revendication 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une chambre de post-combustion (9) installée en aval du tube tournant (7), pour provoquer l'incinération complète des matières combustibles des fumées (RR).
- Appareil selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une autre installation (10) destinée à introduire dans la chambre de post-combustion (9) de l'air de carbonisation (VL) et/ou des vapeurs (BR).
- Appareil selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que les résidus solides ajoutés sont des matières étrangères (FR) provenant d'installations d'incinération des ordures ménagères.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH59192 | 1992-02-26 | ||
CH591/92 | 1992-02-26 | ||
PCT/CH1993/000035 WO1993017280A1 (fr) | 1992-02-26 | 1993-02-11 | Procede de fusion de residus de combustion dans des scories |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0581918A1 EP0581918A1 (fr) | 1994-02-09 |
EP0581918B1 true EP0581918B1 (fr) | 1998-11-11 |
Family
ID=4190545
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93902029A Expired - Lifetime EP0581918B1 (fr) | 1992-02-26 | 1993-02-11 | Procede de fusion de residus de combustion dans des scories |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0581918B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH06507232A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE173332T1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2108677A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59309121D1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1993017280A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004050098A1 (de) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-04-20 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen |
WO2020019141A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | Procédé de commande de combustion à basse teneur en azote, pour four d'incinération de déchets |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2701087B1 (fr) * | 1993-02-04 | 1999-08-06 | Tiru | Procédé d'incinération de combustibles solides, notamment résidus urbains, à rejets solides et gazeux sensiblement neutres vis-à-vis de l'environnement. |
DE4337421C1 (de) * | 1993-11-03 | 1995-01-12 | Hans Dr Reimer | Mehrstufige Hochtemperaturverbrennung von Abfallstoffen mit Inertbestandteilen und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens |
FI101572B (fi) * | 1993-11-29 | 1998-07-15 | Biowork Oy | Menetelmä yhdyskuntajätteen polttamiseksi sekä poltossa syntyvän tuhka n käyttö |
CH688871A5 (de) * | 1994-05-16 | 1998-04-30 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Verfahren zur thermischen Energiegewinnung aus Abfallmaterial, insbesondere Muell. |
CH691404A5 (de) * | 1995-10-06 | 2001-07-13 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag | Verfahren zur thermischen Entsorgung von losem Müll. |
EP0862019B1 (fr) * | 1997-02-28 | 2003-01-08 | Alstom | Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement thermique des cendres volantes des incinérateurs à grille |
KR100535196B1 (ko) * | 1997-02-28 | 2006-02-28 | 마틴 게엠베하 퓌르 움벨트-운트 에네르기에테크닉 | 화격자소각로로부터의플라이더스트를열적처리하기위한방법및장치 |
DE59707290D1 (de) | 1997-10-13 | 2002-06-20 | Alstom | Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von Schlacke und/oder Asche aus der thermischen Behandlung von Müll |
KR100348746B1 (ko) * | 1998-10-12 | 2002-08-14 | 닛폰 고칸 가부시키가이샤 | 폐기물처리장치 |
WO2001054800A1 (fr) * | 2000-01-25 | 2001-08-02 | Paul Scherrer Institut | Procede de traitement de matieres premieres secondaires metalliferes se trouvant dans un composite combustible |
DE10213787C1 (de) * | 2002-03-27 | 2003-11-27 | Martin Umwelt & Energietech | Verfahren zum Minimieren der Konzentration an toxischen organischen Schadstoffen in Flugstäuben |
JP2004020071A (ja) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-01-22 | Jfe Engineering Kk | 廃棄物焼却炉およびその操業方法 |
DE102006026434B3 (de) * | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-13 | Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh | Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Schlackequalität von Rostfeuerungsanlagen |
RU2415339C2 (ru) * | 2008-05-29 | 2011-03-27 | Мартин ГмбХ Фюр Умвельт-Унд Энергитехник | Установка для сжигания и способ регулирования установки для сжигания |
RU2509168C1 (ru) * | 2012-11-06 | 2014-03-10 | ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОЕ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ БЮДЖЕТНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ НАУКИ Государственный геологический музей им. В.И. Вернадского Российской академии наук (ГГМ РАН) | Способ комплексной переработки хвостов флотационного обогащения молибденовольфрамовых руд |
CN108224437A (zh) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-06-29 | 北京亚高科能源科技有限公司 | 一种回转窑气化焚烧炉及其运行方法 |
CN110631052B (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2023-12-12 | 浙江森炉节能环保科技有限公司 | 一种节能环保锅炉及其操作方法 |
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DE1254801B (de) * | 1963-05-15 | 1967-11-23 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Anlage zum Verbrennen fester, fluessiger oder teigiger Stoffe |
US3766866A (en) * | 1972-03-13 | 1973-10-23 | Air Preheater | Thermal waste converter |
DE2735139C2 (de) * | 1977-08-04 | 1982-05-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Verbrennungsofen für Abfälle |
DE2946774A1 (de) * | 1979-11-20 | 1981-05-27 | Bruun & Soerensen AB, Farsta | Verfahren und anlage zum verbrennen von brennmaterial verschiedenartiger beschaffenheit |
DE3345867A1 (de) * | 1983-12-19 | 1985-06-27 | Wärmetechnik Dr. Pauli GmbH, 8035 Gauting | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur thermischen verwertung von rueckstaenden |
DE3811820A1 (de) * | 1987-08-03 | 1989-02-16 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und anlage zur thermischen abfallentsorgung |
DE3815187A1 (de) * | 1988-05-04 | 1989-11-16 | Siemens Ag | Temperaturgeregelte anlage zur thermischen abfallentsorgung |
US4984983A (en) * | 1989-02-07 | 1991-01-15 | F. L. Smidth & Co. A/S | Method of cofiring hazardous waste in industrial rotary kilns |
US5022329A (en) * | 1989-09-12 | 1991-06-11 | The Babcock & Wilcox Company | Cyclone furnace for hazardous waste incineration and ash vitrification |
FR2660415B1 (fr) * | 1990-03-28 | 1992-06-26 | Stein Industrie | Procede et dispositif de traitement de dechets toxiques ou polluants solides ou liquides. |
DK168245B1 (da) * | 1990-07-03 | 1994-02-28 | Lund Milj Teknik A S V | Fremgangsmåde og anlæg til forbrænding af fast og eventuelt flydende affald af forskellig art |
-
1993
- 1993-02-11 AT AT93902029T patent/ATE173332T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-02-11 EP EP93902029A patent/EP0581918B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-11 CA CA002108677A patent/CA2108677A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-11 DE DE59309121T patent/DE59309121D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-11 WO PCT/CH1993/000035 patent/WO1993017280A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1993-02-11 JP JP5514420A patent/JPH06507232A/ja active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004050098A1 (de) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-04-20 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Verfahren zur Beeinflussung der Eigenschaften von Verbrennungsrückständen |
DE102004050098B4 (de) * | 2004-10-14 | 2007-05-31 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Verbrennungsanlage, insbesondere Abfallverbrennungsanlage |
US7640872B2 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2010-01-05 | Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Process for influencing the properties of combustion residue |
WO2020019141A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-01-30 | 深圳市能源环保有限公司 | Procédé de commande de combustion à basse teneur en azote, pour four d'incinération de déchets |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH06507232A (ja) | 1994-08-11 |
CA2108677A1 (fr) | 1993-08-27 |
ATE173332T1 (de) | 1998-11-15 |
WO1993017280A1 (fr) | 1993-09-02 |
DE59309121D1 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
EP0581918A1 (fr) | 1994-02-09 |
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