EP0381994B1 - Alloy with a high gold content for ornamental uses - Google Patents
Alloy with a high gold content for ornamental uses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0381994B1 EP0381994B1 EP90101360A EP90101360A EP0381994B1 EP 0381994 B1 EP0381994 B1 EP 0381994B1 EP 90101360 A EP90101360 A EP 90101360A EP 90101360 A EP90101360 A EP 90101360A EP 0381994 B1 EP0381994 B1 EP 0381994B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- alloys
- alloy
- gold
- gallium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
Definitions
- Gold alloys which have certain commercially available gold contents have long been known for the production of jewelry.
- One of the best known alloys contains 750/000 gold (18 kt) and is usually alloyed with copper and silver.
- the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of these alloys can be optimally matched to their respective use as jewelry alloys.
- Alloys of this type must be readily deformable in order to be able to produce sheet metal, wire and tube in the dimensions desired in each case. They must also have a minimum stability, for example for the production of delicate jewelry or watch straps, and in addition sufficient Hardness and sufficiently high elongation at break are available.
- the alloys for the production of castings are easy to cast, that is, in addition to having good flowability in the molten state, they also have a high resistance to oxidation. It is also essential that high-quality gold alloys for jewelry purposes are tarnish-resistant even when worn for a long time. Finally, certain demands are made on the color of gold alloys.
- the material value of a piece of jewelry is essentially determined by the gold content of the alloy. There is therefore often a desire among buyers to purchase an alloy that contains as much gold as possible. In line with this is the demand for a color as close as possible to that of pure gold. Another advantage is that the higher the gold content, the better the tarnish resistance.
- the invention is based on specifying alloys which, with a gold content of 950/000 (approx. 23 kt) and higher, have the properties required for use in jewelry.
- the solution to this problem results from claim 1.
- the subclaims 2 to 5 represent preferred embodiments of the invention.
- the additional metals result alone or in combination with fine gold alloys that are useful for jewelry purposes.
- the table shows some exemplary alloys with the above-mentioned additional metals and their properties.
- the hardness in the soft annealed state can be increased by two to three times compared to fine gold.
- All alloys are also characterized by a high degree of deformation and an associated, substantial increase in hardness. They thus meet the essential requirements that are placed on jewelry alloys.
- the hardness can be increased particularly effectively by adding iron, cobalt and gallium.
- the alloys are homogeneous both in the cast and in the recrystallized state and therefore behave like fine gold in terms of tarnish resistance.
- the addition of gallium, germanium, indium and tin reduce the melting interval and have a favorable effect on the flowability during casting.
- the machining is favorably influenced by adding cobalt, rhenium and tantalum.
- Gallium cobalt, copper and rhenium significantly increase the abrasion resistance of the alloys during wear. With the addition of gallium and germanium, the barrel properties are improved.
- the alloys with 99% gold with the addition of germanium, gallium and cobalt have a rich yellow fine gold color.
- the alloys described do not have these disadvantages, but can be soldered without problems, without forming disruptive scale layers on the surface.
- the casting surface is clean and free of oxides after the investment has been removed.
- the alloys according to the invention can also be processed into watch cases, watch straps, coins and medals.
- table High gold holding jewelry alloys Current No Composition in% mass content Hardness HV5 annealed Hardness HV5 80% deformed Melting interval ° C Au other 1 95 4.0 Ga, 1.0 Fe 75 190 900 - 750 2nd 96 3.0 Cu, 1.0 Re 70 140 1030-1000 3rd 98 1.0 Sn, 1.0 Ta 65 120 950-810 4th 99 0.8 Cu, 0.2 Ga 60 135 1040 - 970
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
Description
Zur Herstellung von Schmuckwaren sind seit langem Goldlegierungen bekannt, die bestimmte handelsübliche Goldgehalte besitzen. Eine der bekanntesten Legierungen enthält 750/000 Gold (18 kt) und ist üblicherweise mit Kupfer und Silber legiert. Die mechanischen, physikalischen und chemischen Eigenschaften dieser Legierungen können optimal auf ihren jeweiligen Verwendungszweck als Schmucklegierungen abgestimmt werden. Derartige Legierungen müssen gut verformbar sein, um daraus Blech, Draht und Rohr in den jeweils gewünschten Abmessungen herstellen zu können. Sie müssen auch eine Mindeststabilität, beispielsweise zur Herstellung von grazilen Schmuckteilen oder Uhrarmbändern, aufweisen und darüber hinaus in einer ausreichenden Härte und genügend hoher Bruchdehnung zur Verfügung stehen. Es wird auch gefordert, daß die Legierungen zur Herstellung von Gußteilen gut vergießbar sind, das heißt, neben einer guten Fließfähigkeit im geschmolzenen zustand auch eine hohe Oxidationsbeständigkeit besitzen. Unabdingbar ist auch, daß hochwertige Goldlegierungen für Schmuckzwecke selbst bei langer Tragedauer anlaufbeständig sind. Schließlich werden auch an die Farbe von Goldlegierungen gewisse Ansprüche gestellt.Gold alloys which have certain commercially available gold contents have long been known for the production of jewelry. One of the best known alloys contains 750/000 gold (18 kt) and is usually alloyed with copper and silver. The mechanical, physical and chemical properties of these alloys can be optimally matched to their respective use as jewelry alloys. Alloys of this type must be readily deformable in order to be able to produce sheet metal, wire and tube in the dimensions desired in each case. They must also have a minimum stability, for example for the production of delicate jewelry or watch straps, and in addition sufficient Hardness and sufficiently high elongation at break are available. It is also required that the alloys for the production of castings are easy to cast, that is, in addition to having good flowability in the molten state, they also have a high resistance to oxidation. It is also essential that high-quality gold alloys for jewelry purposes are tarnish-resistant even when worn for a long time. Finally, certain demands are made on the color of gold alloys.
Der materielle Wert eines Schmuckstücks wird im wesentlichen durch den Goldgehalt der Legierung bestimmt. Es besteht daher beim Käufer vielfach der Wunsch, eine möglichst hochgoldhaltige Legierung zu erwerben. Damit im Einklang steht die Forderung nach einer möglichst weitgehenden Annäherung der Farbe an die des reinen Goldes. Als weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich hierbei, daß die Anlaufbeständigkeit um so besser wird, je höher der Goldgehalt ist.The material value of a piece of jewelry is essentially determined by the gold content of the alloy. There is therefore often a desire among buyers to purchase an alloy that contains as much gold as possible. In line with this is the demand for a color as close as possible to that of pure gold. Another advantage is that the higher the gold content, the better the tarnish resistance.
Der Idealfall, Schmuckstücke aus reinem Gold (Feingold) herzustellen, ist nicht realisierbar, da Feingold nicht die erforderliche mechanische Stabilität, zum Beispiel Härte, Dehngrenze, aufweist. Es ist daher unumgänglich, durch Legierungszusätze die notwendige Mindeststabilität zu erreichen.The ideal case of making jewelry from pure gold (fine gold) cannot be realized, since fine gold does not have the required mechanical stability, e.g. hardness, proof stress. It is therefore essential to achieve the necessary minimum stability by adding alloys.
Ausgabe der Enfindung ist es, Legierungen anzugeben, die bei einem Goldgehalt von 950/000 (ca. 23 kt) und höher die zur Verwendung für Schmuckzweck erforderlichen Eigenschaften aufweisen. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich aus dem Anspruch 1. Die Unteransprüche 2 bis 5 stellen bevorzugte Ausführungs-Formen der Erfindung dar.The invention is based on specifying alloys which, with a gold content of 950/000 (approx. 23 kt) and higher, have the properties required for use in jewelry. The solution to this problem results from claim 1. The subclaims 2 to 5 represent preferred embodiments of the invention.
Die Zusatzmetalle ergeben für sich oder in Kombination mit Feingold Legierungen, die für Schmuckzwecke brauchbar sind. In der Tabelle sind einige beispielhafte Legierungen mit den oben genannten Zusatzmetallen sowie deren Eigenschaften wiedergegeben.The additional metals result alone or in combination with fine gold alloys that are useful for jewelry purposes. The table shows some exemplary alloys with the above-mentioned additional metals and their properties.
Überraschenderweise läßt sich durch die Verwendung dieser Zusätze die Härte im weichgeglühten Zustand gegenüber Feingold um das zwei- bis dreifache steigern. Alle Legierungen zeichnen sich darüber hinaus durch einen hohen Verformungsgrad und eine damit verbundene, wesentliche Härtesteigerung aus. Sie erfüllen damit die wesentlichen Anforderungen, die an Schmucklegierungen gestellt werden.Surprisingly, by using these additives, the hardness in the soft annealed state can be increased by two to three times compared to fine gold. All alloys are also characterized by a high degree of deformation and an associated, substantial increase in hardness. They thus meet the essential requirements that are placed on jewelry alloys.
Besonders wirkungsvoll läßt sich die Härte durch die Zusätze Von Eisen, Kobalt und Gallium erhöhen. Die Legierungen sind sowohl im gegossenen als auch im rekristallisierten Zustand homogen und verhalten sich daher in bezug auf die Anlaufbeständigkeit wie Feingold. Die Zusätze von Gallium, Germanium, Indium und Zinn senken das Schmelzintervall und wirken sich günstig aus die Fließfähgikeit beim Gießen aus. Durch Zusatz von Kobalt, Rhenium und Tantal wird die spanabhebende Bearbeitung günstig beeinflußt. Gallium Kobalt, Kupfer und Rhenium steigern die Abriebfestigkeit der Legierungen während des Tragens erheblich. Bei Zusatz von Gallium und Germanium werden die Fassereigenschaften verbessert. Insbesondere die Legierungen mit 99 % Gold unter Zusatz von Germanium, Gallium und Kobalt weisen eine sattgelbe Feingoldfarbe auf.The hardness can be increased particularly effectively by adding iron, cobalt and gallium. The alloys are homogeneous both in the cast and in the recrystallized state and therefore behave like fine gold in terms of tarnish resistance. The addition of gallium, germanium, indium and tin reduce the melting interval and have a favorable effect on the flowability during casting. The machining is favorably influenced by adding cobalt, rhenium and tantalum. Gallium cobalt, copper and rhenium significantly increase the abrasion resistance of the alloys during wear. With the addition of gallium and germanium, the barrel properties are improved. In particular, the alloys with 99% gold with the addition of germanium, gallium and cobalt have a rich yellow fine gold color.
Zum Stand der Technik ist die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 35 02 914 "Verwendung titanhaltiger Goldlegierungen" anzuführen. In dieser Schrift wird zwar ebenfalls eine hochgoldhaltige Legierung zur Herstellung von Schmuckgegenständen beschreiben, jedoch unter Zusatz insbesondere von Titan. Dieser Zusatz führt aber zu einer starken Oxidationsneigung der Legierung, insbesondere beim Löten und Gießen. Außerdem neigen Legierungen mit Zusätzen von Titan bekanntermaßen stark zum Verschlacken.The state of the art is the German published application DE 35 02 914 "Use of titanium-containing gold alloys". In this writing also describe a high gold alloy for the manufacture of jewelry, but with the addition of titanium in particular. However, this addition leads to a strong tendency of the alloy to oxidize, particularly during soldering and casting. In addition, alloys with additions of titanium are known to tend to slag.
Die beschriebenen Legierungen sind nicht mit diesen Nachteilen behaftet, sondern lassen sich problemlos löten, ohne störende Zunderschichten auf der Oberfläche zu bilden. Beim Vergießen nach dem Wachsausschmelzverfahren ist die Gußoberfläche nach Entfernung der Einbettmasse sauber und frei von Oxiden.The alloys described do not have these disadvantages, but can be soldered without problems, without forming disruptive scale layers on the surface. When casting using the lost wax method, the casting surface is clean and free of oxides after the investment has been removed.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Legierungen können neben Schmuckwaren jeder Art auch zu Uhrgehäusen, Uhrarmbändern, Münzen und Medaillen verarbeitet werden.
Claims (5)
- Alloy with a high gold content for decorative purposes comprising from 95 to 99.5% by weight of gold as a base metal and the balance comprising additions of at least two elements of the group of iron and/or germanium and/or gallium and/or indiun and/or cobalt and/or copper and/or rhenium and/or tantalum and/or tin, with the exception of a ternary alloy with at least 1% by weight of gallium and at least 1% by weight of copper.
- An alloy according to claim 1 with additions of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of iron and/or gallium and/or cobalt.
- An alloy according to claim 1 with additions of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of gallium and/or indium and/or tin and/or from 0.5 to 1% by weight of germanium.
- An alloy according to claim 1 with additions of from 0.5 to 5% by weight of cobalt and/or from 0.5 to 3% by weight of rhenium and/or tantalum.
- An alloy according to claim 1 with additions of from 0.5% by weight to less than 1% by weight of gallium and/or cobalt and from 0.5 to less than 1% by weight of copper and/or rhenium.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3903733 | 1989-02-09 | ||
| DE3903733 | 1989-02-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0381994A1 EP0381994A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
| EP0381994B1 true EP0381994B1 (en) | 1995-09-27 |
Family
ID=6373652
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90101360A Expired - Lifetime EP0381994B1 (en) | 1989-02-09 | 1990-01-24 | Alloy with a high gold content for ornamental uses |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0381994B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59009704D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2780611B2 (en) * | 1993-09-06 | 1998-07-30 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Gold decorative materials hardened by alloying small amounts of components |
| AT407830B (en) * | 1999-09-10 | 2001-06-25 | Degussa Huels Cee Gmbh | HIGH GOLDEN YELLOW DENTAL ALLOY |
| EP1266974B1 (en) * | 2001-05-30 | 2004-09-29 | Leg.Or S.r.l | Gold alloys and master alloys for obtaining them |
| JP2016505710A (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2016-02-25 | アルゴー−ヘラエウス エスエー | Discoloration-resistant gold alloy |
| CN109182824A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-11 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of resistance to oxidation rose gold plate and its preparation process |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR722290A (en) * | 1930-11-22 | 1932-03-15 | Cartier | Alloy containing gold as the main element, cobalt and, if necessary, other additions |
| DE643568C (en) * | 1934-01-21 | 1937-04-12 | W Guertler Dr | Use of gold-zirconium alloys |
| FR2155824A1 (en) * | 1971-10-08 | 1973-05-25 | Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco | Casting filigree type jewellry by addition of film forming - elements to noble metals for stripping mould material from casting |
| GB1444350A (en) * | 1972-10-03 | 1976-07-28 | Johnson Matthey Co Ltd | Dental alloys |
| DE2803949A1 (en) * | 1978-01-30 | 1979-08-02 | Int Gold Corp Ltd | Gold alloys for jewellery etc. - having very fine grain size obtd. by adding barium and/or zirconium |
| DE3709972A1 (en) * | 1987-03-26 | 1988-10-06 | Holzer Walter | GOLD JEWELRY ALLOY |
-
1990
- 1990-01-24 EP EP90101360A patent/EP0381994B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-01-24 DE DE59009704T patent/DE59009704D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams, Second Ed. Vol.1, ASM Int., The Materials Information Society, T. Massalski. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0381994A1 (en) | 1990-08-16 |
| DE59009704D1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
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