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EP0358670B1 - Revetement de surface - Google Patents

Revetement de surface Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0358670B1
EP0358670B1 EP88903969A EP88903969A EP0358670B1 EP 0358670 B1 EP0358670 B1 EP 0358670B1 EP 88903969 A EP88903969 A EP 88903969A EP 88903969 A EP88903969 A EP 88903969A EP 0358670 B1 EP0358670 B1 EP 0358670B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
surface coating
thermal conductivity
thermally conducting
covering
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP88903969A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0358670A1 (fr
Inventor
Björn Hegstad
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ACRYLICON NORGE AS
Original Assignee
Acrylicon Norge AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=19907501&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0358670(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Acrylicon Norge AS filed Critical Acrylicon Norge AS
Priority to AT88903969T priority Critical patent/ATE102777T1/de
Publication of EP0358670A1 publication Critical patent/EP0358670A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0358670B1 publication Critical patent/EP0358670B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H05B3/30—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material on or between metallic plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/14—Hull parts
    • B63B3/48—Decks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
    • B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
    • B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a surface covering of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing such a surface covering and an application.
  • this document does not provide any information as to how a more uniform temperature distribution on the surface of the covering can be achieved and overall energy savings can be achieved without impairing the function of a covering as in the case of the invention.
  • AT-B-326 788 already describes an electrical surface heating system for treads on floors, stairs or the like, with a heating layer surrounded by an insulating layer, an electrically conductive protective layer being arranged above the insulating layer and a cover layer above this.
  • the cover layer serves to shield the heating layer and the protective layer against mechanical damage.
  • the layers arranged above the heating layer namely the insulating layer, the protective layer and the top layer, have different, strongly contrasting colors. In this case, it is then immediately possible to recognize the respectively exposed layer and thus the degree of wear, which indicates the degree of the need for repairs.
  • FR-A-2 008 334 proposes an electrical surface heating which is suitable as space heating and which, among other things, should also be suitable for preventing icing or de-icing of roads, bridges, exits from garages or steep ramps.
  • This surface heating can be constructed from three plastic layers to be produced on site, of which the layer facing the base forms an electrically insulating base layer, the layer facing the space to be heated forms an electrically insulating cover layer and a heating layer is embedded between the base layer and cover layer overall carries electrical voltage and is connected as such to an electrical power supply.
  • This heating layer consists of a plastic that is made electrically conductive by mixing graphite.
  • WO-A-8201293 describes a large-area, plate-shaped heating element which consists of a plate-shaped support with electrical heating coils attached to one side of the support and embedded in an embedding material.
  • This ceramic heating element is already because of it Brittleness not suitable for use in places where relatively high and changing mechanical stresses and forces are likely to occur.
  • DE-A-1 942 272 also describes a heating element made of ceramic material, into which a heating conductor is pressed.
  • This radiator has essentially the same disadvantages as those mentioned for the heating element according to WO-A-8201293.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to find means for surface heating, especially for outdoor applications such as e.g. on ship decks, oil platforms, tanks and the like, with which a more uniform temperature can be obtained than with any known surface covering, and which at the same time have the mechanical and other advantages of heating cables and other similar filamentary heating elements compared to heating elements made from foils or plates. Further objects of the invention are to reduce the energy transport to the surface covering to a level which is sufficient to be able to carry out the tasks at hand, for example deicing of an oil platform by the heat given off by the heating cable. Another object of the invention is to find means for quickly dissipating heat from the heating cable so that it can be smaller in diameter than any other heating cable.
  • the surface covering should also have appropriate mechanical properties and should also be durable and easy to install.
  • One possible application is Repair of buildings with normal door sill height. Another goal was to develop a thin covering.
  • independent claim 5 is directed to an application of the surface covering constructed according to the invention; independent claim 6 relates to a method for producing the surface covering according to the invention.
  • the heat loss towards the inside of the surface in question is first reduced. Furthermore, the heat is quickly dissipated from the heating cable without local overheating of the exposed surface. The result will be a temperature equalization that makes it possible to reduce the maximum of the surface temperature to one minimum temperature to maintain the required working conditions. This naturally results in energy savings, which can be considerable in large areas such as so-called offshore platforms, drilling rigs and ships.
  • the figure shows a section through a surface covered by a covering according to the present invention.
  • surface 1 is a steel plate, but can also consist of other types of flat structures made of metal or of materials such as chipboard, composite materials (laminates), concrete or the like.
  • An important effect of the covering is that it should reduce the heat transport in the direction of surface 1, since this can mean heat loss and, in the worst case, can lead to overheating of sensitive elements.
  • the surface 1 is prepared for laying out a heating cable 2 by using a base layer 3 of an electrically insulating substance, which preferably has low thermal conductivity.
  • a base layer 3 of an electrically insulating substance which preferably has low thermal conductivity.
  • This can be a plastic that polymerizes in place. Certain reinforcements can also be included in the plastic, such as glass fiber braids.
  • Another possibility is to lay a base layer 3 on a layer of heat-insulating material such as a porous plastic plate.
  • heating cable An alternative to the heating cable are filament-shaped heating elements such as heating foil tapes.
  • the heating cable 2 can be of the usual, known type, which is laid with a suitable density and performance in view of the special application.
  • the cable can be secured in position during the polymerization by an adhesive or other suitable means.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce the cable diameter by using less insulation than has been customary hitherto.
  • the first cover layer or heat conduction layer 4 is formed from a plastic mixture, for example an acrylic material, over the heating cable 2.
  • This layer consists and encloses pieces or particles 5 of a material with high thermal conductivity. Suitable materials for this purpose include steel chips, or chips or chips from other metals or ceramics. Although the proportion of these particles can be expanded to 10-40%, it will normally be 5-10%.
  • a plastic cover layer 6 is placed on the heat-conducting layer 4.
  • the cover layer 6 contains no metal chips or thermally conductive materials. Since this layer is intended to act as a heat compensation layer, it has a considerably lower conductivity than the heat-conducting layer 4, in terms of numbers between 20-60% less conductivity. Particles can be added to layer 6 to improve their durability, or they can have an outer cover layer (not shown) which could be made of a durable material which differs from cover layer 6 could have thermal characteristics.
  • a base layer of acrylic material was applied, between 2 - 4 mm thick. After the material had hardened, a heating cable was placed on it and temporarily held in place by an adhesive. The heating cable was designed to cover the deck with spaces of approximately 10 cm. The cable was then covered with an acrylic paste mixed with steel shavings (25% of the mixture consisted of steel shavings). This layer was approximately 15 mm thick. Another layer of 1-2 mm acrylic plastic was placed on top. Measurements showed that the temperature fluctuations on the surface were approximately 0.1 ° C. with a cable output of 400 W / m2.
  • acrylic plastic is particularly suitable, the use of other plastics in a flowable state is also possible.
  • the thermally conductive particles can have a number of different shapes. This includes fibers, chips or granules. These particles can be made of steel, aluminum or other metals, mixtures or ceramic with high thermal conductivity.
  • the cover layer 6 can also consist of ceramic goats.
  • the surface covering according to the present invention can also be used for purposes other than for heating exposed surfaces.
  • Such applications include tanks and structures or scaffolds.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Dental Preparations (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Revêtement superficiel comportant un câble chauffant ou un élément chauffant filiforme analogue inclus dans une masse de matière plastique, visant en particulier à s'opposer au gel ou à dégivrer des surfaces de constructions telles que des ponts de bateaux, des plates-formes pétrolières, des réservoirs, des échafaudages et d'autres surfaces exposées, comprenant
    a) une couche de fond (3) isolante électrique, déposée sur la surface de construction, et constituée d'une matière plastique à écoulement libre, polymérisable sur place,
    b) un câble chauffant (2) ou un élément chauffant filiforme analogue, disposé sur la couche de fond (3),
    c) et une couche conductrice de chaleur (4) recouvrant le câble chauffant (2) ou l'élément chauffant filiforme analogue, constituée d'une matière plastique à écoulement libre, polymérisable sur place, et contenant des particules (5) de conductibilité thermique élevée,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour diminuer la température superficielle maximale à une température minimale, afin de maintenir les conditions de travail requises et d'augmenter la durée de vie du revêtement superficiel,
    d) on dépose sur la couche conductrice de chaleur (4) une couche extérieure (6) agissant comme une couche d'équilibrage de chaleur, constituée d'une matière présentant une conductibilité thermique sensiblement plus faible, par exemple d'environ la moitié de la conductibilité thermique de la couche conductrice de chaleur (4).
  2. Revêtement superficiel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche extérieure (6) contient comme additif une matière particulièrement résistante, telle par exemple que des grains de quartz.
  3. Revêtement superficiel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche extérieure (6) consiste en une matière plastique, par exemple en une matière plastique acrylique, qui est polymérisée sur place.
  4. Revêtement superficiel selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche extérieure (6) consiste en briques de céramique.
  5. Application d'un revêtement superficiel préparé en utilisant des matières plastiques à écoulement libre, polymérisables sur place, en particulier une résine acrylique, et comportant, pour diminuer la température superficielle maximale à une température minimale, afin de maintenir les conditions de travail requises, une couche extérieure (6) agissant comme une couche d'équilibrage de chaleur, une couche conductrice de chaleur (4) incluant un câble chauffant (2) ou un élément chauffant filiforme analogue, et contenant des particules conductrices de chaleur, et une couche de fond (3) sous-jacente disposée sur une surface de construction (1) telle qu'un pont de bateau, une plate-forme pétrolière, un réservoir, un échafaudage ou une autre surface exposée, dans le but de s'opposer au gel ou pour le dégivrage, la conductibilité thermique de la couche extérieure (6) étant sensiblement plus faible, par exemple plus faible de la moitié, que la conductibilité thermique de la couche conductrice de chaleur (4).
  6. Procédé de préparation d'un revêtement superficiel comprenant un câble chauffant ou un élément chauffant filiforme analogue inclus dans une masse de matière plastique, en particulier pour S'opposer au gel ou pour le dégivrage de surfaces de constructions telles que des ponts de bateaux, des plates-formes pétrolières, des réservoirs, des échafaudages et d'autres surfaces exposées, dans lequel
    a) on dépose directement sur la surface de construction une couche de fond (3) isolante électrique constituée d'une matière plastique à écoulement libre, polymérisable sur place,
    b) on pose ensuite sur la couche de fond (3) un câble chauffant (2) ou un élément chauffant filiforme analogue,
    c) et l'on applique ensuite une couche conductrice de chaleur (4) recouvrant le câble chauffant (2) ou l'élément chauffant filiforme analogue, constituée d'une matière plastique à écoulement libre, polymérisable sur place, et contenant des particules (5) de conductibilité thermique élevée,
    caractérisé en ce que, pour diminuer la température superficielle maximale à une température minimale, afin de maintenir les conditions de travail requises et d'augmenter la durée de vie du revêtement superficiel,
    d) on applique sur la couche conductrice de chaleur (4) une couche extérieure (6) agissant comme une couche d'équilibrage de chaleur, constituée d'une matière de conductibilité thermique sensiblement plus faible, par exemple d'environ la moitié, que la conductibilité thermique de la couche conductrice de chaleur (4).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'an ajoute à la couche extérieure (6) des particules pour l'amélioration de la résistance.
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on applique sur la couche extérieure (6) une couche de recouvrement plus extérieure constituée d'une matière résistante.
EP88903969A 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Revetement de surface Revoked EP0358670B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88903969T ATE102777T1 (de) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Oberflaechenbelag.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/NO1988/000036 WO1989011202A1 (fr) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Revetement de surface

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0358670A1 EP0358670A1 (fr) 1990-03-21
EP0358670B1 true EP0358670B1 (fr) 1994-03-09

Family

ID=19907501

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88903969A Revoked EP0358670B1 (fr) 1988-05-04 1988-05-04 Revetement de surface

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5023428A (fr)
EP (1) EP0358670B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH02504197A (fr)
AT (1) ATE102777T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA1298598C (fr)
DE (1) DE3888351D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK168752B1 (fr)
FI (1) FI891684A7 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989011202A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4250871A1 (fr) 2022-03-21 2023-09-27 RSI Sarl Revêtement de surface et procédé de fabrication d'un tel revêtement

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4036849A1 (de) * 1990-11-19 1992-05-21 Buchtal Gmbh Elektrisch beheizbare keramische platte
CA2097205C (fr) * 1993-05-28 1996-12-31 Tetuho Kotani Dispositif de fusion de la neige
US6294768B1 (en) 1998-08-20 2001-09-25 Advanced Recycling Sciences, Inc. Flexible electrically heated tiles made from crumb rubber
US6140609A (en) * 1999-06-02 2000-10-31 Msx, Inc. Heated automotive running board
RU2194922C1 (ru) * 2001-04-04 2002-12-20 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственное предприятие "МАЯК-93" Нагревательный элемент
US7081597B2 (en) * 2004-09-03 2006-07-25 The Esab Group, Inc. Electrode and electrode holder with threaded connection
KR101244449B1 (ko) * 2012-06-13 2013-03-18 (주)이테크 선박 갑판용 하부 발열장치
CN107472497A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2017-12-15 上海金洛海洋工程有限公司 防冰承重通道盒
US11124161B2 (en) * 2018-01-26 2021-09-21 Robert Anthony Orazem Heated license plate system
EP3891335A1 (fr) 2018-12-05 2021-10-13 nVent Services GmbH Surface anti-givre avec supports polymères
WO2025003897A1 (fr) * 2023-06-27 2025-01-02 I.R.C.A. S.P.A. Industria Resistenze Corazzate E Affini Panneau chauffant pour plancher d'un navire

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2008334A1 (fr) * 1968-05-11 1970-01-16 Gaiser Kurt
DE1942272A1 (de) * 1969-08-20 1971-03-11 Heinrich Steinel Jun Keramikheizkoerper mit eingepresstem Heizleiter
DE2208118A1 (de) * 1972-02-21 1973-08-30 Siemens Ag Heizplatte fuer boden- und flaechenheizung
DE2353395A1 (de) * 1973-10-25 1975-05-07 Dorothea Rudolph Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer eine mobile flaechenbeheizung
WO1982001293A1 (fr) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-15 Rohrhirsch J Element chauffant

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1349136A (en) * 1917-10-26 1920-08-10 Ernest John King Heating means
AT261660B (de) * 1966-01-21 1968-05-10 Colfico Sa Heizverkleidung
FR1509157A (fr) * 1966-12-01 1968-01-12 Eléments radiateurs électriques à basse température et leurs applications
US3694622A (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-09-26 Ralph L Bentley Heater
AT326788B (de) * 1972-03-07 1975-12-29 Windisch Josef Gottfried Elektrische flächenheizung
US4141187A (en) * 1977-01-28 1979-02-27 Graves Robert J Roofing and surfacing material and method
US4220848A (en) * 1978-10-25 1980-09-02 Mcmullan James P Water bed heater
NO157730C (no) * 1984-05-30 1988-05-11 Paal Skipnes Anordning for oppvarming av flatestrukturer.

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2008334A1 (fr) * 1968-05-11 1970-01-16 Gaiser Kurt
DE1778570A1 (de) * 1968-05-11 1972-03-23 Kurt Gaiser Elektrische Flaechenheizung
DE1942272A1 (de) * 1969-08-20 1971-03-11 Heinrich Steinel Jun Keramikheizkoerper mit eingepresstem Heizleiter
DE2208118A1 (de) * 1972-02-21 1973-08-30 Siemens Ag Heizplatte fuer boden- und flaechenheizung
DE2353395A1 (de) * 1973-10-25 1975-05-07 Dorothea Rudolph Verfahren und vorrichtung fuer eine mobile flaechenbeheizung
WO1982001293A1 (fr) * 1980-10-03 1982-04-15 Rohrhirsch J Element chauffant

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4250871A1 (fr) 2022-03-21 2023-09-27 RSI Sarl Revêtement de surface et procédé de fabrication d'un tel revêtement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI891684A0 (fi) 1989-04-10
WO1989011202A1 (fr) 1989-11-16
EP0358670A1 (fr) 1990-03-21
CA1298598C (fr) 1992-04-07
US5023428A (en) 1991-06-11
FI891684L (fi) 1989-11-05
ATE102777T1 (de) 1994-03-15
JPH02504197A (ja) 1990-11-29
FI891684A7 (fi) 1989-11-05
DK185189D0 (da) 1989-04-18
DK168752B1 (da) 1994-05-30
DE3888351D1 (de) 1994-04-14
DK185189A (da) 1989-11-16

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