DE202021101060U1 - Tillage machine - Google Patents

Abstract

An agricultural tillage machine (100) comprising:
- a frame (10),
- Several cultivator tines (11) attached to the frame (10) with a coulter carrier (12) each with a coulter (13), the coulter (13) being oriented at an angle (ß1) obliquely to the direction of travel (FR), so that the The coulter (13) and thus the cultivator tines (11) are drawn into a soil (16) to be worked when the soil tillage machine (100) moves in the direction of travel (FR),
- and a support tool (17) supported on the ground (16) for limiting the depth of the cultivator tine (11) to a working depth (AT), characterized in that
- Wheels (18) are provided as support tools (17) and each cultivator tine (11) is followed by a wheel (18) which travels in a row of soil (19) drawn by the leading cultivator tine (11),
- one cultivator tine (11) and one wheel (18) each form a tool combination (20) for working the soil row (19) and the soil working machine (100) comprises at least two, preferably more tool combinations (20),
- The cultivator tines (11), seen in the vertical direction, have a lowest point (21) and the vertical distance (22) between the lowest point (21) of a cultivator tine (11) and a contact point (23) of the trailing wheel (18) is at least 300 mm. so that when the soil tillage machine (100) is passed over, the soil (16) is loosened in rows by the cultivator tines (11) at a working depth (AT) of at least 300 mm and recompacted in an upper area (24) by the trailing wheels (18) .

Description

The invention relates to an agricultural soil cultivating machine according to the preamble of claim 1, which is generally pulled by a towing vehicle, in particular a tractor, during work. The soil tillage machine comprises a frame and several cultivator tines, each with a coulter support and a coulter. The coulter is oriented at an angle to the direction of travel, so that the cultivator tines are drawn into the ground when the soil tillage machine moves in the direction of travel.

In order to limit the retraction of the cultivator into the ground to a predefined depth, a support tool supported on the ground is provided. The coulters, and with them the cultivator tines, are thus drawn into the ground during work until the support tool that follows the cultivator tines and is positioned higher than the coulters touches the ground, is supported there and exerts a counterforce that allows the coulters to penetrate deeper into the ground Ground prevented. The height offset between a lowest point of the cultivator tine and the support tool thus defines the working depth of the soil tillage machine.

Soil cultivation machines with the prong-like tools mentioned are generally also referred to as cultivators. A cultivator is an agricultural device for non-turning soil cultivation, which is used for loosening and crumbling the soil as well as for weed control and incorporation of humic materials into the soil.

Cultivators and tillage machines with cultivator-like tools are known state of the art in different designs and in combination with other tools. As part of a seedbed combination for the preparation of an optimal seedbed, the cultivator is usually used to tear up and loosen the top soil layer. The following tools or devices, mostly inclined rod roller harrows (crumblers) or also seed harrows, not only limit the working depth, but also crumble up the loosened soil and press it down to the sowing depth in preparation for the necessary ground fault of the seed to be introduced.

Out DE 42 36 983 A1 a seedbed combination is known which comprises a cultivator and a unit of hollow discs and crumbling roller. The cultivator has two rows of tines equipped with shares. When working, the cultivator tines leave furrows in the ground, which are leveled by the downstream hollow discs and additionally loosened (crumbled) and reconsolidated by the following crumbling roller.

The cultivation of the soil with the above-mentioned seedbed combination is limited to an upper layer of soil approx. 10 cm to 20 cm thick and serves to prepare for sowing. As a rule, such a seedbed preparation takes place after basic soil cultivation with a plow. With the out DE 42 36 983 A1 known seedbed combination, an upper soil layer is created with a finely curved, flat surface that can easily be broken through by seedlings.

However, by plowing and preparing the seedbed, the topsoil layer is only loosened up to the plowing depth, which is generally up to a depth of approx. 30 cm. Over the years, a solidified soil layer can develop below the plow sole, the capillary system of which is closed. Groundwater can only with difficulty or not at all rise through the solidified soil layer and the plant roots can also only with difficulty or not at all penetrate the solidified layer.

The object of the invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned and to propose a soil cultivation machine by means of which the soil is better loosened so that after the cultivation of the soil, seeds and the plants growing therefrom have easier access to deeper water reservoirs.

This object is achieved by a soil cultivating machine with the features of claim 1.

Wheels are provided as support tools in the soil cultivating machine according to the invention, each cultivator tine being followed by a wheel which travels in a row of soil drawn by the leading cultivator tine. One cultivator tine and one wheel each form a tool combination for working a row of soil. The soil cultivating machine according to the invention comprises at least two, preferably more, of the mentioned tool combinations.

Seen in the vertical direction, the cultivator tines have a lowest point which, also seen in the vertical direction, is at least 300 mm away from the contact point of the trailing wheel. When the soil tillage machine is passed over, the cultivator tines loosen up the soil in rows at a working depth of at least 300 mm and recompact it in an upper area by the following wheels.

Since the wheels support the cultivator on the ground, the working depth of the cultivator according to the invention corresponds to the vertical distance between the lowest point of the cultivator tines and the wheel contact point or the wheel contact area.

When preparing the seedbed, it is often problematic that especially light soils, if they are too loose, dry out very quickly. The wheels following the cultivator tines fulfill a double function. On the one hand, they support the cultivator and limit the working depth. On the other hand, they follow the track of the cultivator tines and consolidate the area loosened by the coulters on the soil surface. This reduces the risk of soil erosion and creates a soil structure that is optimized for sowing.

As already mentioned, soil cultivation is often limited to an area between 10 cm and 20 cm, so that, under certain conditions, a compacted soil structure forms in the area below, in particular in the area immediately below the worked soil layer with a depth of 20 cm to 30 cm . In this respect, it is important that the working depth is at least 30 cm.

The invention is based on the idea that in a row cultivation it is sufficient to loosen up the compacted area row by row. When the seeds are subsequently placed in the loosened rows, the roots that form can break through the solidified soil horizon in the area of the loosened rows with little resistance and thus easily reach water reservoirs below the solidified soil layer.

In addition, the rows of loosening usually make plowing the soil superfluous. Due to the extensive preservation of the soil horizons and the soil fauna, the plowless cultivation increases the soil fertility, furthermore the ploughless cultivation contributes to the stabilization of the soil structure. Not turning the ground can also help to reduce the occurrence of erosion and silting.

The selection of the working depth depends on the individual nature of the soil. In order to achieve the desired effect sufficiently, the working depth is at least 30 cm. Then, if a solidified layer is deeper than 30 cm, a correspondingly larger vertical distance must be provided between the lowest point of the cultivator tines and the wheel contact point in order to increase the working depth. The intended minimum working depth can therefore also be 400 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm or 700 mm, depending on the nature of the soil. The share is designed to lift the soil a little, but not to turn or mix it. As a result, the soil structure is largely preserved and the risk of drying out is reduced.

One or more wheels of the soil cultivation machine can be coupled to an axle support, which in turn is connected to the frame via a swivel joint and can be pivoted through an angle with respect to the frame. The axle support preferably forms an elongated arm, at one end of which the swivel joint is located and at the other end of which the wheel or wheels are located. The cultivator tines are arranged between the swivel joint and the wheel, or the wheels, as seen in the direction of travel. As a result, a supporting force acting on the wheels is introduced via the swivel joint into an area of the frame which, viewed in the direction of travel, is located in front of the cultivator tines. This type of support means that the coulter is kept particularly efficiently at the preselected working depth and does not give way either up or down when driving forward.

In order to be able to adapt the soil cultivation machine quickly and easily to different operating conditions, the working depth is preferably not fixed to one of the above-mentioned values of 300 mm or more, but rather can be varied by means of a height adjustment device coupled to the wheels. The height adjustment can be formed, for example, in that one or more, preferably two, wheels are mounted on an axle which is vertically displaceable in a link guide. Link guide and carrier can each have a hole pattern, so that a preselected height position can be preselected by means of a bolt that can be pushed into the hole pattern. As an alternative to this, however, a stepless height adjustment can also be used, which can be implemented, for example, by means of a thread and / or a hydraulically adjustable height adjustment.

Furthermore, it is possible not to provide the height adjustment directly on the wheels or axles, but on the axle support. As already stated above, the axle support can be an elongated arm which can be pivoted about a swivel joint. A height adjustment is therefore also possible by providing a locking device to limit the pivot angle.

The cultivator tines are preferably arranged on the frame in planes that are parallel to one another and are equally spaced, so that the processing rows generated by the cultivator tines are also parallel and equally spaced. The Row width can be adjustable or variable. In a particularly preferred embodiment, a predefined distance is provided between two adjacent planes and thus also between two adjacent processing rows, which distance is 750 mm or 375 mm. The reason for this is that in particular a row spacing of 750 mm, and to a lesser extent a halved spacing of 375 mm, is established in maize cultivation. A cultivator tine spacing that is fixed or set to the stated dimensions is thereby adapted to the spacing dimensions of other working machines used in maize cultivation.

The use of the soil cultivation machine according to the invention is particularly efficient in maize cultivation, since the maize plants suffer a lot in dry weather periods on the one hand, and deep loosening of the entire soil is inefficient, especially with large row spacings, if the creation of a loosened soil row is sufficient in itself. With regard to their biological structure, maize plants are also fundamentally able to process water from deeper soil regions if their downward growth is not impaired or prevented by a solidified soil layer.

The cultivation of maize is preferably carried out as follows: Existing plant residues and organic fertilizers such as liquid manure and solid manure that have been applied over a wide area are first introduced flat into the ground, for example with a disc harrow. This protects the soil from erosion and drying out. The soil is then worked with the soil cultivation machine according to the invention. The cultivator tines create rows of slits in the soil, which are pressed shut and compacted on the surface by the trailing wheel. In a further step, the maize is placed exactly in the rows that have been prepared in this way. As a result, depending on the nature of the soil and the pre-selected working depth, the maize plant can grow approx. 30 centimeters deeper than with traditional soil cultivation with a conventional plow or cultivator. In this way, the yields can be increased significantly depending on the weather conditions prevailing in the respective year and the individual soil properties. In addition, the processing costs are usually lower than with classic soil cultivation. The reason for this is that the processing step "Incorporation of organic fertilizer" is only carried out flat and traditional soil cultivation with a plow usually requires at least one additional pass. This leads to a diesel saving of approx. 5 to 8 liters per hectare.

The cultivator tines preferably have a width of less than 100 mm, most preferably less than 70 mm. The narrower the cultivator tine, the less pulling force is required to pull it through the soil. Even a very narrow cultivator tine is able to loosen the soil in the desired way, since its only task is to break through a pre-solidified soil structure in rows. It is important that such a breakthrough is actually present so that the plant roots can grow through the solidified soil layer. It is therefore largely irrelevant whether the loosened row is narrow or wide. However, a certain width of the cultivator tine of 40 mm, for example, is required in order to achieve sufficient strength and a sufficient service life. So that the coulter and also the coulter carrier are narrow and stable at the same time, the material for the coulter and / or coulter carrier is preferably a high-strength steel, for example a high-strength steel known under the brand name Hardox®. In a preferred embodiment, the coulter is wider than the coulter carrier, so that the ground is gripped under by the coulter and loosened somewhat wider in this area than in the area of the coulter carrier.

In a preferred embodiment, coulter carriers and / or coulter can have a tapering or conical contour when viewed in the direction of travel. As a result, a more streamlined contour is formed and the resistance exerted by the coulter and coulter holder when moving forward in relation to the surrounding soil is reduced. A low resistance reduces the tractive effort required to move the cultivator and thus also the fuel consumption of the tractor.

Since, as a rule, the wear and the risk of damage to the shares is greater than that of the share carriers, these are preferably connected to one another such that they can be removed. A damaged or worn share can easily be replaced if necessary. In the case of the detachable connection, a screw, plug or bolt connection can be provided, for example.

Particularly preferred is a shoe-like design of the coulter which is suitable for attaching the coulter to the coulter support from the front like a shoe - viewed in the direction of travel. The force exerted on the coulter during the forward movement of the cultivator is thus essentially transmitted as a pressure force to the coulter carrier. In order to hold the cultivator tines formed from the coulter and coulter carrier together in the unloaded state, a screw or bolt lock can also be provided.

In order to be able to work on large parcels of land effectively, the soil cultivating machine can comprise a multiplicity of tool combinations arranged next to one another, so that a multiplicity of rows can be formed at the same time in one operation. An even number of tool combinations is preferably selected. The soil cultivation machine is thus preferably designed as a double-row, four-row, six-row, etc.

The cultivator tines and the wheels following the cultivator tines are preferably coupled to the frame symmetrically to a vehicle center axis. If four or more wheels are provided, it is advantageous if the two wheels adjacent to the vehicle center axis have a tire profile which differs from a tire profile provided for the other wheels. As a result, a pattern is formed when driving over the cultivated soil during work, which is easily recognizable during the subsequent sowing in a further work step.

In particular, if the soil tillage machine and the seeder that will be used in a later operation are intended for the machining of an equally large number of rows, the driver of the seeder can easily orientate himself on the rows identified by the special tire profile. The operator of the seed drill recognizes the center tracks left by the tillage machine and can use the same tracks. Because the soil tillage machine and seed drill use identical tracks, the seeds can be sown very precisely and without offset in the rows loosened by the tillage machine.

In a preferred embodiment, the tool combination formed from the cultivator tines and the trailing wheel further comprise at least one, preferably two, hollow disks which are arranged between the coulter and the wheel of the respective tool combination. The concave disks rotate with the passage over the ground. The coulter and coulter bars that cut through the ground leave two small walls to the left and right of the coulter bar at the point where the coulter bar emerges from the ground. These small walls are first leveled by the rotating concave discs, before the soil leveled in this way is then recompacted on the surface by the trailing wheel. As a result, the intermediate hollow discs optimize the soil surface before the subsequent compaction by the tires.

• - eine Höheneinstellvorrichtung zur Einstellung einer Arbeitshöhe und/oder
• - eine Winkeleinstellvorrichtung zur Einstellung eines Ausrichtungswinkels gegenüber der Vertikalen und/oder
• - eine Winkeleinstellvorrichtung zur Einstellung eines Anstellwinkels gegenüber der Fahrtrichtung.

The concave disks preferably comprise:

• - A height adjustment device for setting a working height and / or
• - An angle adjustment device for adjusting an alignment angle relative to the vertical and / or
• - An angle adjustment device for adjusting an angle of attack with respect to the direction of travel.

Thanks to the wide range of setting options, the smoothing of the floor caused by the concave discs can be adapted to different working conditions or floor conditions.

The frame of the soil cultivation machine can comprise two or more frame parts connected to one another via hinges. By means of the hinges, the soil cultivating machine can be folded out from a transport position into a working position and, conversely, can be folded in from the working position into the transport position. The folding mechanism is designed in such a way that any legally prescribed maximum vehicle width is not exceeded when the frame parts are folded in the transport position.

Further measures improving the invention are illustrated in more detail below with the description of preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention with reference to the figures.

• 1 zeigt ein Gespann aus Traktor und Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 2 zeigt das Gespann gemäß 1 in einer Draufsicht;
• 3 zeigt die Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine im Arbeitseinsatz in einer Seitenansicht;
• 4 zeigt die Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine ohne Räder und Radträger in einer schematischen Ansicht mit in Transportstellung eingeklappten Rahmenteilen;
• 5 zeigt einen einzelnen Grubberzinken in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;
• 6 zeigt den Grubberzinken gemäß 5 in einer Seitenansicht;
• 7 zeigt den Scharträger des in 5 und 6 abgebildeten Grubberzinkens;
• 8 zeigt den Schar des in 5 und 6 abgebildeten Grubberzinkens in einer Seitenansicht;
• 9 zeigt den Schar gemäß 8 in einer Draufsicht;
• 10 zeigt einen Stützknoten des in 5 und 6 abgebildeten Grubberzinkens;
• 11 zeigt einen Achsträger der Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine mit einer daran angebrachten Pendelachse;
• 12 zeigt zwei am Rahmen der Bearbeitungsmaschine angebrachte Träger mit daran angebrachten Hohlscheiben;
• 13 zeigt ein Gespann aus Traktor und Bodenbearbeitungsmaschine im Arbeitseinsatz in einer Draufsicht.

The figures show:

• 1 shows a combination of tractor and soil cultivation machine in a perspective view;
• 2 shows the team according to 1 in a plan view;
• 3 shows the soil cultivation machine in use in a side view;
• 4th shows the soil cultivation machine without wheels and wheel carriers in a schematic view with frame parts folded into the transport position;
• 5 shows a single cultivator tine in a perspective view;
• 6th shows the cultivator tine according to 5 in a side view;
• 7th shows the coulter of the in 5 and 6th illustrated cultivator tine;
• 8th shows the host of the in 5 and 6th shown cultivator tine in a side view;
• 9 shows the flock according to 8th in a plan view;
• 10 shows a support node of the in 5 and 6th illustrated cultivator tine;
• 11 shows an axle support of the soil cultivating machine with a pendulum axle attached to it;
• 12th shows two supports attached to the frame of the processing machine with concave disks attached thereto;
• 13th shows a combination of tractor and soil tillage machine in action in a top view.

Identical or similar elements can be provided with the same or similar reference symbols in the following figures. Furthermore, the figures of the drawing, their description and the claims contain numerous features in combination. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that these features can also be considered individually or they can be combined to form further combinations not described in greater detail here. The invention also expressly extends to those embodiments which are not given by combinations of features from explicit references to the claims, with which the disclosed features of the invention can be combined with one another as required, insofar as this is technically sensible. The exemplary embodiments shown in the figures are therefore only of a descriptive nature and are not intended to restrict the invention in any form.

The terms used below: “upper”, “upper”, “lower”, “left” or “right” refer to the arrangement of the components of the soil tillage machine shown in the drawing.

1 shows a tractor-trailer combination 200 and one on the tractor 200 in a three-point hitch 41 coupled soil tillage implement 100 . The tillage machine 100 is shown schematically in a simplified form. She has a frame 10 on, which is made up of two side panels 36 and 38 as well as a middle part 37 composed and via hydraulic cylinders 45 (in 1 not shown) is collapsible.

The soil cultivating machine shown as an exemplary embodiment 100 is designed as an eight-row suit. It thus comprises eight tool combinations 20th each for processing one row of floors 19th are provided. A combination of tools 20th has at least one cultivator tine each 11 and a support tool 17th , in the present case a wheel 18th , on. The basic functions of the soil cultivation machine according to the invention 100 , namely the loosening of a row of floors 19th in a working depth AT of at least 30 cm and reconsolidation in an upper area 24 of the soil 16 , can be made from cultivator tines 11 and wheel 18th formed tool combination 20th realize.

In the illustrated embodiment, the tool combination includes 20th furthermore two concave disks 33 to work on the same row of floors 19th . The concave disks 33 serve to the cultivated soil 16 after pulling through the cultivator tines 11 to smooth and thus optimize the through the tool combination 20th effected seedbed preparation of a row of soil 19th .

The cultivator tines 11 are on the frame 10 with an offset 43 Zigzag arranged in two rows. The offset mounting has advantages. On the one hand, staggered cultivator tines 11 one for folding into a transport position 39 Make better use of the required installation space. On the other hand, the staggered cultivator tines reduce the workload 11 the risk of clogging during work. Any on the ground to be worked 16 Existing plant residues, for example stubble, slide better between frames 10 and the upper parts of the cultivator tines 11 through and settle there less easily.

Also the two concave discs 33 for processing a row of floors 19th are arranged offset to each other. The reason for this is the special design of the cultivator tine 11 which leaves a narrow slot on the floor surface after pulling it through and two small bumps adjacent to it. The position of the slot defines the center of a row of floors 19th and thus the area in which the soil 16 up to the working depth AT is relaxed.

The two small elevations are made by the two concave disks 33 merged. First there is a small increase in the leading hollow disk 33 conveyed in the direction of the slot, immediately afterwards the other elevation is conveyed by the following hollow disk 33 Funded towards the slot or the middle of the row. This creates a small wall above the slot. To the work of the concave discs 33 To be able to adapt to different operating conditions are the height and alignment of the concave disks 33 can be varied in many ways (cf. 12th ).

The one from the concave discs 33 The rampart formed is then driven by a wheel 18th overrun. In the illustrated embodiment there are two wheels 18th over an axis 42 connected to each other and together on an axle beam 26th hung up. The wheels are spaced apart 29 of 750 mm to each other. There is a row spacing of 750 mm is widespread in maize cultivation, is the soil tillage machine shown 100 Specifically intended and suitable for preparing the seedbed of maize. Again 1 It can also be seen that the cultivator tines are 11 , the concave discs 33 and the wheels 18th a tool combination 20th each one behind the other in a total of eight parallel rows or levels. After from the concave discs 33 the said little wall has been formed, this is done by the wheel 18th rolled over so that behind the tillage implement 100 a flat surface is created. The location of the rows of floors 19th is based on the profile tracks after processing 53 , 54 to recognize (cf. 13th ).

2 shows the team according to 1 in a top view. The side panels 36 and 37 of the frame 10 are about hinges 35 with the middle part 37 connected and by means of two hydraulic cylinders 45 in a working position 40 unfolded.

The wheels 18th have a width of 10 inches and a diameter of 15.3 inches in the illustrated embodiment. In the illustrated embodiment, the two middle wheels 18th , i.e. the wheels that are adjacent to an axis of symmetry 30th are arranged, a special tire profile 32 on. This tire profile 32 is so significantly different from one for the other wheels 18th provided tire profile 31 that on a processed parcel one through the profile tracks 54 formed middle lane 55 is easy and clear to recognize (cf. 13th ).

3 shows the tillage machine 100 at work in a side view. A combination of tools is shown 20th for processing a row of floors 19th . The cultivator tine 11 is in the ground 16 and loosens the soil 16 up to a preselected working depth AT on. The working depth AT corresponds to a vertical distance 22nd between a lowest point 21 of the cultivator tine 11 and a point of uprising 23 of the wheel 18th on the ground 16 . The said vertical distance 22nd and thus the working depth AT can be adjusted by means of a height adjustment device 26th vary.

The wheel 18th is on an axle beam 26th hung, which in turn in the front area of the frame 10 to a swivel joint 27 is coupled. The axle beam 27 is at an angle ß2 around the swivel joint 27 pivotable. By the height adjustment device 28 is the swivel angle ß2 limitable. The height adjuster 28 includes two vertical struts, each with coinciding holes 46 into which a socket pin 57 is pluggable. The axle beam 26th can occur when the cultivator tine penetrates 11 in the ground 16 thus only move upwards until it hits the bolt 57 supports.

Because the cultivator tine 11 opposite the direction of travel FR with an acute angle ß1 is aligned, the tip of the cultivator tine digs 11 when moving forward into the ground 16 a. This downward penetration movement of the cultivator tine 11 is about the frame 10 and the axle beam 26th on the wheel 18th transferred, which is against the ground 16 supports and thus a support tool 17th trains.

The cultivator tine 11 cuts through the ground 16 and loosens you in the ground 16 included solidified area 25th in a row.

Between cultivator tines 11 and wheel 18th are two concave discs 33 arranged resiliently. By means of a height adjustment device 56 is a working height 34 the concave discs adjustable and in particular to the preselected working depth AT customizable. The alignment of the hollow disk 33 opposite the direction of travel is about a variation of the angle β4 adjustable. Also one opposite a vertical V existing angle of attack ß4 can be varied (cf. 12th ). Put simply, the hollow slide 33 several adjustment devices, by means of which their position and alignment can be varied in many ways and thus adapted to the respective needs.

4th shows the tillage machine 100 in a schematically simplified representation without wheels 18th and axle supports 26th in transport position 39 . The two side frame parts 35 and 37 are with the cylinders 45 from the working position 40 in the transport position 39 been panned. The width of the tillage implement 100 is 3 meters when folded.

The 5 and 6th show a single cultivator tine 11 when assembled, the 7th to 10 show the individual parts of the cultivator tine 11 .

In the illustrated embodiment, the cultivator tines 11 a notch bearer 12th , a crowd 13th and two with the coulter bearer 12th firmly connected, preferably welded, support nodes 14th . The Sharpshooter 12th has a width B. of 25 mm, so that the narrow slot mentioned above, that of the cultivator tines 100 leaves on the soil surface, has a width of approx. 25 mm. The crowd 13th has a width of 60 mm. At its far end 48 there is a slot 13th , the width of which corresponds to the width of the coulter support 12th is adjusted so that the crowd 13th on the notch bearer 12th is attachable. At its front end 47 show the crowd 13th a peak 60 on whose angle ß5 30 °. The angle ß5 thus corresponds to the angle ß1 with that of the cultivator tines 11 when working against a horizontal line H , or the direction of travel FR is set.

At the bottom of the share 13th are two support nodes 14th welded at a distance equal to the thickness of the coulter support 12th is adapted. The crowd 13th with welded support nodes 14th is therefore easy on the coulter holder 12th attachable. Sharpener 12th and support knot 14th each have two holes 46 on with whom the crowd 13th on the coulter support 12th is attached. If necessary, a flock can 13th thus can easily be exchanged.

Such a cultivator tine 11 When working, leaves an approx. 25 mm wide slot on the surface of the floor after pulling it through, and two small bumps adjacent to it. The location of the slot in the bottom 16 defines the middle of a row of floors 19th and thus the area in which the soil 16 up to the working depth AT is relaxed.

11 shows an axle beam of the soil tillage machine 100 with a pendulum axle attached to it 61 . The pendulum axis 61 includes the axis 42 and a suspension 51 . The pendulum axis 61 is at an angle ß6 around an axis of rotation 52 movable and can handle any unevenness in the floor 16 compensate. Furthermore shows 11 the height adjuster 28 , which in the illustrated embodiment from two with holes 46 provided angle iron 62 and a socket pin 57 consists. The axle beam 26th gives way to work in a vertical direction V so far upwards until it is on the socket pin 57 strikes. The one for the socket pin 57 The selected bores thus determine the swivel angle ß2 (see. 2 ) and thus the working depth AT of the cultivator tine 11 .

12th shows two on the frame 11 the processing machine 100 attached beams 33 with attached concave discs 33 . The orientation angle ß3 and the angle of attack ß4 of the concave disks 33 are just as variable as the mounting height in relation to the floor 16 .

13th shows a tractor combination 200 and tillage machine 100 at work in a top view. The tillage machine 100 includes eight tool combinations 20th and thus processes eight rows of floors in one pass 19th . It is easy to see that the two wheels in the middle 18th left profile traces 54 from those profile traces 53 distinguish that of the outer six wheels 18th be left behind. The ones from the middle profile tracks 54 formed middle lane 55 serves as a guide for the subsequent sowing. The operator of the seed drill can very easily access the soil tillage implement 100 left center track 55 orientate. Preferably, a seed drill is used for sowing, which works the same number of rows as the soil tillage machine before 100 . Through this and through the crossing in the same central lane 55 it is ensured that the seed applied is exactly in the soil by the tillage machine 100 loosened rows is deposited.

List of reference symbols

10

frame

11

Cultivator tines

12th

Sharpener

13th

Crowd

14th

Support knot (of 13)

15th

screw

16

ground

17th

Support tool

18th

wheel

19th

Floor row

20th

Tool combination

21

lowest point (of 11)

22nd

distance

23

Point of uprising (of 17)

24

upper area (of 16)

25th

solidified area (out of 16)

26th

Axle carrier

27

Swivel joint

28

Height adjustment device

29

distance

30th

Central axis (out of 100)

31

Tire tread

32

Tire tread

33

Hollow disk

34

Working height (from 33)

35

Hinge (at 10)

36

Frame part

37

Frame part

38

Frame part

39

Transport position

40

Working position

41

Three-point hitch

42

Axle (for 18)

43

Offset (of 11)

44

Offset (of 33)

45

Hydraulic cylinder

46

drilling

47

front end (of 13)

48

rear end (of 13)

49

Suspension (of 33)

50

Axis of rotation (of 49)

51

Suspension (of 42)

52

Axis of rotation (of 51)

53

Profile track (of 31)

54

Profile track (of 32)

55

Middle lane

56

Height adjustment device (for 33)

57

Socket pin (for 28)

58

Carrier (of 33)

59

Slot (of 13)

60

Top (of 13)

61

Swing axle

100

Tillage machine

200

tractor

ß1

Angle (of 11)

ß2

Angle (of 26)

ß3

Orientation angle

ß4

Angle of attack

ß5

Angle (of 12)

β6

Angle (of 61)

AT

Working depth

B.

Width (from 11)

FR

Direction of travel

H

horizontal

V

vertical

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Patent literature cited

• DE 4236983 A1 [0005, 0006]

Claims (11)

Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100), comprising: - a frame (10), - several cultivator tines (11) attached to the frame (10) with a coulter carrier (12) each with a coulter (13), the coulter (13) at an angle (ß1) is aligned obliquely to the direction of travel (FR), so that the coulter (13) and thus the cultivator tines (11) is drawn into a soil (16) to be worked when the soil tillage machine (100) moves in the direction of travel (FR), and a support tool (17) supported on the ground (16) to limit the depth of the cultivator tine (11) to a working depth (AT), characterized in that - wheels (18) are provided as support tools (17) and each cultivator tine (11 ) a wheel (18) is arranged downstream, which travels in a row of soil (19) drawn by the leading cultivator tine (11), - one cultivator tine (11) and one wheel (18) each, a tool combination (20) for processing the soil row ( 19) form and tillage smachine (100) comprises at least two, preferably more, tool combinations (20), - the cultivator tines (11) have a lowest point (21) seen in the vertical direction and the vertical distance (22) between the lowest point (21) of a cultivator tine (11 ) and a contact point (23) of the trailing wheel (18) is at least 300 mm. so that when the soil tillage machine (100) is passed over, the soil (16) is loosened in rows by the cultivator tines (11) at a working depth (AT) of at least 300 mm and recompacted in an upper area (24) by the trailing wheels (18) . Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to Claim 1 , characterized in that one or more wheels (18) are coupled to an axle carrier (26) and the axle carrier (26) is connected to the frame (10) via a swivel joint (27) and is at an angle (ß2) with respect to the frame ( 10) is pivotable. Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the working depth (AT) can be varied by means of a height adjustment device (28) coupled to the wheels (18) or to the axle carrier (26). Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the cultivator tines (11) are arranged in mutually parallel and equally spaced planes on the frame (10), so that the soil rows (19) generated by the cultivator tines (11) are also parallel and equally spaced and with between two adjacent Levels and thus also between two adjacent rows of floors (19) a predefined distance (29) is provided, which is preferably 750 mm or 375 mm. Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 4th , characterized in that the cultivator tine (11) has a width (B) of less than 100 mm, preferably less than 70 mm. Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the coulter carrier (12) and / or the coulter (13) have a tapering or conical contour seen in the direction of travel (FR) to reduce the tensile force required to move the soil tillage machine (100). Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 6th , characterized in that the coulter carrier (12) and the coulter (13) are connected to one another such that they can be removed. Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 7th , characterized in that at least four cultivator tines (11) and four wheels (18) trailing the cultivator tines (11) are coupled to the frame (10) symmetrically to a vehicle center axis (30) and the two wheels (18) adjacent to the vehicle center axis (30) ) have a tire profile (31) which differs from a tire profile (32) provided for the other wheels (18), so that the center track (55) of a passage from the profile tracks (32) that of the vehicle center axis (30 ) adjacent wheels (18) can be seen. Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 8th , characterized in that a tool combination (20) further comprises at least one, preferably two, hollow discs (33) which are arranged between the cultivator tines (11) and the wheel (18) of the respective tool combination (20). Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to Claim 9 , characterized in that the at least one hollow disk (33) - a height adjustment device (56) for adjusting a working height (34) and / or - an angle adjustment device for adjusting an alignment angle (ß3) relative to the vertical (V) and / or - an angle adjustment device for setting an angle of attack (ß4) with respect to the direction of travel (FR). Agricultural soil cultivation machine (100) according to one of the Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the frame (10) of the soil cultivation machine (100) comprises at least two or more frame parts (36, 37, 38) connected to one another via hinges (35), by means of which the soil cultivation machine (100) from a transport position (39) in a working position (40) can be folded out and vice versa from the working position (40) into the transport position (39).

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