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DE19959688A1 - Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere - Google Patents

Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere

Info

Publication number
DE19959688A1
DE19959688A1 DE19959688A DE19959688A DE19959688A1 DE 19959688 A1 DE19959688 A1 DE 19959688A1 DE 19959688 A DE19959688 A DE 19959688A DE 19959688 A DE19959688 A DE 19959688A DE 19959688 A1 DE19959688 A1 DE 19959688A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
heating
atmosphere
blanks
protective
electrical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19959688A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Karsten Koenigstein
Oliver Wagner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Agamus Technology & Quality Un
Original Assignee
Agamus Technology & Quality Un
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agamus Technology & Quality Un filed Critical Agamus Technology & Quality Un
Priority to DE19959688A priority Critical patent/DE19959688A1/en
Publication of DE19959688A1 publication Critical patent/DE19959688A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/04—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B9/045—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere
    • F27B9/047—Furnaces with controlled atmosphere the atmosphere consisting of protective gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/004—Heating the product
    • B21B2045/006—Heating the product in vacuum or in inert atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/40—Direct resistance heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0026—Electric heating elements or system with a generator of electromagnetic radiations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)

Abstract

Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere which prevents unwanted side reactions. Preferred Features: The protective atmosphere consists of a protective or inert gas such as carbon dioxide, argon, nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride or helium.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erhitzen von Rohlingen aus metallischen Werkstoffen für Walz- und Um­ formprozesse.The present invention relates to a method for heating of blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and turning molding processes.

Bei Walz- und Umformprozessen besteht das Problem, daß die Rohlinge, üblicherweise als Brammen, Barren oder Knüppel be­ zeichnet, vor der Bearbeitung auf Temperaturen kurz unterhalb des Entweichungspunkts gebracht werden müssen (bei Al- Legierungen ca. 500°C, bei Stahl ca. 1100°C).The problem with rolling and forming processes is that the Blanks, usually as slabs, bars or billets draws, before processing to temperatures just below of the escape point must be brought (with Al- Alloys approx. 500 ° C, approx. 1100 ° C for steel).

Zu diesem Zweck verwendet man gemäß dem Stand der Technik gasbeheizte Tunnelöfen. Um eine gleichmäßige Durchwärmung der Rohlinge und damit auch ein gleichmäßiges Ergebnis und gleichbleibende Qualität erzielen, müssen diese sehr lange in dem Tunnelofen verbleiben. Während des Aufheizens und dieser langen Haltezeit bei hohen Temperaturen oxidiert die Oberflä­ che der Rohlinge. Es bildet sich im Fall von Stahl u. a. Zun­ der (Fe3O4 Magnetit, Hammerschlag). Der Materialverlust be­ trägt dabei ca. 3-8% und entsteht dadurch, daß Sauerstoff, der z. B. aus den Verbrennungsgasen der zur Beheizung einge­ setzten offenen Gasflammen stammt, Zutritt zur Metalloberflä­ che hat. For this purpose, gas-heated tunnel ovens are used according to the prior art. In order to achieve uniform warming of the blanks and thus also a uniform result and constant quality, they have to remain in the tunnel furnace for a very long time. During the heating and this long holding time at high temperatures, the surface of the blanks oxidizes. In the case of steel, it forms, among other things, wax (Fe 3 O 4 magnetite, hammer blow). The loss of material is about 3-8% and is caused by the fact that oxygen, the z. B. comes from the combustion gases used for heating open gas flames, has access to Metalloberflä surface.

Der Zunder muß vom erhitzten Rohling oder vom fertigen Pro­ dukt mechanisch, z. B. durch Bürsten oder Hochdruck- Wasserstrahlen entfernt und sodann entsorgt werden. Auf diese Weise gehen also 3 bis 8% des Ausgangsmaterials durch Neben­ reaktionen im Tunnelofen verloren.The tinder must be from the heated blank or from the finished pro duct mechanically, e.g. B. by brushing or high pressure Water jets are removed and then disposed of. To this So 3 to 8% of the starting material goes through secondary reactions in the tunnel kiln lost.

Eine Umstellung der Beheizung des Tunnelofens auf Gasflammen mit reduktivem Charakter, also mit Sauerstoffunterschuß ist nicht ratsam, da dann zwar nicht so viele Oxide gebildet wer­ den; es entsteht aber u. a. der sogenannte Klebzunder, der nur sehr schwer von den Fertigprodukten entfernt werden kann.A conversion of the heating of the tunnel furnace to gas flames with a reductive character, that is with oxygen deficit not advisable, because then not so many oxides are formed the; but it arises a. the so-called sticky scale, which only very difficult to remove from the finished products.

Es ist auch schon vorgeschlagen worden, elektrische Indukti­ onsöfen anstelle der mit offenen Gasflammen im Sauer­ stoffüberschuß beheizten Tunnelöfen zu verwenden. Es zeigt sich jedoch, daß die Zunderentstehung in elektrischen Induk­ tionsöfen nur unwesentlich geringer ist, als in den mit offe­ nen Gasflammen im Sauerstoffüberschuß beheizten Tunnelöfen.Electric inductors have also been proposed on ovens instead of with open gas flames in the acid Excess material to use heated tunnel kilns. It shows however, that the scale formation in electrical induct tion furnaces is only insignificantly lower than in the ones with open NEN gas flames in excess of heated tunnel furnaces.

Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfah­ ren zum Erhitzen von Rohlingen aus metallischen Werkstoffen für Walz- und Umformprozesse anzugeben, bei dem erheblich we­ niger Materialverluste z. B. in Form von Oxiden durch Nebenre­ aktionen auftreten.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for heating blanks made of metallic materials to specify for rolling and forming processes, in which we niger material losses z. B. in the form of oxides by Nebenre actions occur.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren zum Erhitzen von Rohlingen aus metallischen Werkstoffen für Walz- oder Umformprozesse gelöst, bei dem die Erhitzung durch elek­ trische und/oder magnetische Felder oder durch elektrische Widerstandsheizung unter einer unerwünschte Nebenreaktionen zumindest behindernden beschützenden Atmosphäre erfolgt. According to the invention, this object is achieved by a method for Heating of blanks from metallic materials for rolling or forming processes in which the heating by elec trical and / or magnetic fields or by electrical Resistance heating under an undesirable side reaction at least disabling protective atmosphere.  

Dabei ist es besonders bevorzugt, für die schützende Atmo­ sphäre Schutz- oder Inertgase, wie Kohlendioxid, Argon, Stick­ stoff, Schwefel, Hexafluorid oder Helium zu verwenden.It is particularly preferred for the protective atmosphere spherical protective or inert gases, such as carbon dioxide, argon, stick material, sulfur, hexafluoride or helium.

Ebenso ist es bevorzugt, für die schützende Atmosphäre Gase, Flüssigkeiten oder Feststoffe zu verwenden, die unerwünschte Nebenreaktionen des zu erwärmenden Rohlings verhindern, indem sie etwaige Reaktionspartner verdrängen, binden, absorbieren oder abfangen, wobei sich die die schützende Atmosphäre bil­ denden Substanzen verändern können.It is also preferred to use gases for the protective atmosphere, Use liquids or solids that are undesirable Prevent side reactions of the blank to be heated by they displace, bind, absorb any reaction partners or intercept, whereby the protective atmosphere bil can change the other substances.

Dabei ist es ebenso bevorzugt, das sich auf/im/um die zu er­ wärmenden Rohlinge herum Substanzen befinden, die beim Warm­ werden, durch das Warmwerden des zu erwärmenden Materials/und/oder die Felder Substanzen bilden, die die gewünschte Schutzwirkung zeigen.It is also preferred to be on / in / around him warming blanks around substances that are hot become warm by the material to be heated / and / or the fields form substances that the desired Show protective effect.

Ebenso ist es bevorzugt, zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Neben­ reaktionen Störstoffe zumindest teilweise mechanisch zu ent­ fernen oder abzusaugen. Besonders bevorzugt ist hier der Auf­ bau eines Vakuums um die zu erhitzenden Rohlinge.It is also preferred to avoid unwanted side to at least partially react mechanically remove or vacuum. The opening is particularly preferred here build a vacuum around the blanks to be heated.

Bei dem Verfahren mit einer Schutzgasatmosphäre ist es beson­ ders bevorzugt, zumindest zeitweise einen gegenüber der Au­ ßentemperatur höheren Druck um die Rohlinge herum aufrecht zu erhalten, um einen Zutritt von weiteren Störstoffen zu den Rohlingen zu verhindern.It is special in the case of the process with a protective gas atmosphere preferred, at least temporarily over the Au higher temperature around the blanks upright received in order to gain access to other contaminants To prevent blanks.

Dabei ist es besonders bevorzugt, Abschlußeinrichtungen, wie z. B. Ein- und Ausgangsschleusen um den Erwärmungsraum herum, in dem die Nebenreaktionen stattfinden können, anzuordnen, um so einen Zutritt von weiteren Störstoffen zu den Rohlingen zu verhindern.It is particularly preferred to use termination devices such as e.g. B. entrance and exit locks around the heating room, in which the side reactions can take place to  such an admission of further contaminants to the blanks prevent.

Am Eingang und am Ausgang des elektrischen Induktionsofens können Abschlußeinrichtungen wie Luft- oder Vakuumschleusen angeordnet sein.At the entrance and exit of the electric induction furnace can use locking devices such as air or vacuum locks be arranged.

Alternativ ist eine preisgünstigere Lösung mit höherem Schutzgasverbrauch denkbar, bei der die Rohlinge durch eine Reihe von Vorhängen oder Schutzgasschleusen laufen, die zur Verminderung des Gasaustauschs zwischen dem Inneren des In­ duktionsofens und dem Luftraum vorgesehen sind. Dabei wird dann vorzugsweise ein leichter Schutzgas-Überdruck im Induk­ tionsofen aufrecht erhalten. Auf diese Weise kann ebenfalls das Eindringen von Sauerstoff verhindert werden.Alternatively, a cheaper solution with a higher one Shielding gas consumption is conceivable, in which the blanks are replaced by a Row of curtains or protective gas locks run to the Decrease in gas exchange between the inside of the In production furnace and airspace are provided. Doing so then preferably a slight protective gas overpressure in the inductor maintenance furnace maintained. This way too the penetration of oxygen can be prevented.

Erfindungsgemäß kann die Zunderbildung beim Erhitzen von Roh­ lingen für Walz- und Umformprozesse erheblich reduziert wer­ den.According to the invention, scale formation when raw is heated for rolling and forming processes are significantly reduced the.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren zum Erhitzen von Rohlingen aus metallischen Werkstoffen für Walz- oder Umformprozesse, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Erhitzung durch elektrische und/oder magne­ tische Felder oder durch elektrische Widerstandsheizung unter einer unerwünschte Nebenreaktionen zumindest behindernden schützenden Atmosphäre erfolgt.1. A method for heating blanks made of metallic materials for rolling or forming processes, characterized in that the heating is carried out by electrical and / or magnetic fields or by electrical resistance heating under an undesirable side reactions at least obstructive protective atmosphere. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der schützenden Atmosphäre um Schutz- oder Inertgase, wie z. B. Kohlendioxid, Argon, Stickstoff, Schwefelhexafluorid oder Helium handelt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it the protective atmosphere around protective or inert gases, such as B. carbon dioxide, argon, nitrogen, sulfur hexafluoride or helium. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei den, die schützende Atmosphäre bildenden Substanzen um Gase, Flüssigkeiten oder Feststoffe handelt, die uner­ wünschte Nebenreaktionen des zu erwärmenden Rohlings verhin­ dern, indem sie etwaige Reaktionspartner verdrängen, binden, absorbieren oder abfangen, wobei sich die die schützende At­ mosphäre bildenden Substanzen verändern können. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it the substances that form the protective atmosphere are gases, liquids or solids that are not desired side reactions of the blank to be heated by displacing possible reaction partners, binding absorb or intercept the protective At can change substances forming the atmosphere.   4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich auf/im/um die zu erwärmenden Rohlinge herum Substanzen befinden, die beim Warmwerden, durch das Warmwerden des zu erwärmenden Materials und/oder durch die Felder Substanzen bilden, die die gewünschte Schutzwirkung zeigen.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that substances on / in / around the blanks to be heated when warming up, by warming up the heating material and / or through the fields substances form that show the desired protective effect. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Vermeidung unerwünschter Nebenreaktionen Störstoffe zumindest zeitweise mechanisch entfernt/abgesaugt werden.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that for Avoidance of unwanted side reactions at least temporarily removed / suctioned mechanically. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß, um einen Zutritt von weiteren Störstoffen zu den Rohlingen zu verhindern, zumindest zeitweise ein gegenüber der Außenatmosphäre höherer Druck um die Rohlinge herum aufrecht­ erhalten wird.6. The method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized net that in order to prevent further contaminants from entering the To prevent blanks, at least temporarily against the Outdoor atmosphere maintain higher pressure around the blanks is obtained. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, um einen Zutritt von weiteren Störstoffen zu den Rohlingen zu verhindern, Abschlußeinrichtungen wie z. B. Ein- und Ausgangs­ schleusen zumindest den Erwärmungsraum, in dem die Nebenreak­ tionen stattfinden können, abschließen.7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in order access of further contaminants to the blanks prevent termination facilities such. B. Entry and exit at least smuggle the warming room, in which the side rake cations can take place.
DE19959688A 1999-12-09 1999-12-09 Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere Withdrawn DE19959688A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19959688A DE19959688A1 (en) 1999-12-09 1999-12-09 Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19959688A DE19959688A1 (en) 1999-12-09 1999-12-09 Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere

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DE19959688A1 true DE19959688A1 (en) 2001-06-13

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DE19959688A Withdrawn DE19959688A1 (en) 1999-12-09 1999-12-09 Process for heating molded blanks made of metallic materials for rolling and deforming processes comprises using electrical and/or magnetic fields and/or electrical resistance heating in an atmosphere

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009018683A1 (en) 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Sms Siemag Ag Method and device for continuous casting of a slab

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009018683A1 (en) 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Sms Siemag Ag Method and device for continuous casting of a slab
WO2010121763A1 (en) 2009-04-23 2010-10-28 Sms Siemag Ag Process and apparatus for the continuous casting of a slab

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