DE102022132533A1 - Panel for positive connection - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a panel for positive connection to another component, comprising: a first cover layer, a second cover layer, and a core layer arranged between the first and second cover layers, wherein the core layer is arranged offset relative to at least one of the cover layers such that the core layer protrudes beyond the end surfaces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably three, sides of the panel and is set back relative to the end surfaces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably one, sides of the panel.

Description

The efficient and rapid construction of buildings, such as so-called “tiny houses”, is becoming increasingly popular.

There are various concepts known for the construction of living, overnight and/or sanitary rooms - often referred to as "tiny houses", from classic, conventional construction to containers to modules or individual elements.

However, the concepts available to date have the major disadvantage that, for example, the construction time is too long, the structure is too complicated, the design is limited, the materials used are too expensive or difficult to obtain, or the transport is too complex.

Against this background, the present invention is based on the object of mitigating the problems of the prior art or even eliminating them completely. In particular, the present invention is based on the object of providing a simple, efficient and cost-effective concept for the construction of buildings.

This problem is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous further developments are the subject matter of the subclaims.

Accordingly, a panel is provided for positive connection with another component, comprising: a first cover layer, a second cover layer, and a core layer arranged between the first and second cover layers.

The core layer is offset relative to at least one of the cover layers such that the core layer protrudes beyond an end surface of the at least one cover layer on at least a first side of the panel and is recessed relative to an end surface of the at least one cover layer on at least a second side of the panel.

In other words, preferably by the relative arrangement of at least three layers, a panel is produced which is suitable for being connected to another panel or another component according to the tongue and groove principle.

According to one embodiment, the core layer is arranged offset relative to at least one of the cover layers such that a plate-shaped projection is formed on the first side of the panel, which is designed to be received in a corresponding slot-shaped receptacle of a preferably similar panel, and a slot-shaped receptacle is formed on the second side of the panel, which is designed to receive a corresponding plate-shaped projection of a preferably similar panel.

Preferably, the core layer is arranged equally relative to the first and second cover layers and is preferably made of wood, in particular plywood veneer.

Preferably, the first and second cover layers are arranged congruently along a common axis.

According to one embodiment, the core layer is arranged offset relative to the first and second cover layers such that the core layer protrudes beyond the end faces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably three, sides of the panel and is set back relative to the end faces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably one, side of the panel.

A panel according to the invention can thus have a male form-locking element in the form of a projection, preferably formed exclusively by the core layer, on three sides and a female form-locking element in the form of a recess, in particular a groove, on one side.

The walls of the groove are preferably defined exclusively by the first and second cover layers and the valley floor of the groove is preferably defined exclusively by an end surface of the core layer.

At least one of the first and second cover layers can have at least one outwardly facing decorative layer, preferably a wood veneer layer, and/or an insulating layer arranged between the decorative layer and the core layer. The first and second cover layers can be of the same or different design.

At least one of the first and second cover layers can have at least one insulating layer, preferably at least partially made of polymer, in particular expanded and/or extruded polystyrene.

It is also conceivable that on at least a first side of the panel, only the core layer protrudes beyond an end surface of the at least one and/or second cover layer and/or only the core layer on the first side of the panel forms the plate-shaped projection.

Preferably, the end surfaces of the at least one and/or second cover layers lie in a common plane.

The present invention further relates to a composite of at least two panels according to the invention. The at least two panels are connected in a form-fitting manner to one another and/or to another component, preferably an extruded profile, for example made of aluminum, with at least one receiving groove.

Such a composite can have a frame construction made of extruded profiles, which preferably defines a three-dimensional structure, for example a cuboid or cube.

Furthermore, a number of panels are connected to each other and to the frame construction in such a form-fitting manner that the panels form at least one wall or a number of walls of the three-dimensional structure.

In other words, according to the invention, a frame construction can first be manufactured which defines, for example, the contours of a room or room. The panels according to the invention are then inserted into the frame construction and form the walls of the room or room.

This approach allows for a simple arrangement of rooms without doubling walls, as is the case with container construction or the arrangement of prefabricated boxes.

• 1 eine Draufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Panels gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 2 eine Perspektivansicht des Panels aus 1;
• 3 eine Detailansicht einer durch den Versatz der Schichten gebildeten Aufnahmenut des Panels aus 1;
• 4 eine Detailansicht eines durch den Versatz der Schichten gebildeten plattenförmigen Vorsprungs des Panels aus 1;
• 5 einen Querschnitt eines Strangprofils, vorzugsweise aus Aluminium, welches im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung zum Einsatz kommen kann.
• 6 eine schematische Draufsicht des Panels aus 1; und
• 7 eine schematische Seitenansicht des Panels aus 1.

Further advantages, features and effects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments of the invention with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals designate like or similar components. Here:

• 1 a plan view of a panel according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
• 2 a perspective view of the panel 1 ;
• 3 a detailed view of a receiving groove of the panel formed by the offset of the layers 1 ;
• 4 a detailed view of a plate-shaped projection of the panel formed by the offset of the layers 1 ;
• 5 a cross-section of an extruded profile, preferably made of aluminum, which can be used in the context of the present invention.
• 6 a schematic top view of the panel 1 ; and
• 7 a schematic side view of the panel 1 .

As in 1 shown, a panel 1 according to the invention has a first cover layer 2 and a core layer 3, which is arranged offset to the first cover layer 2. On three sides, the core layer 3 protrudes over an end surface 5 of the first cover layer and forms a plate-shaped projection 4. On one side, the first cover layer 2 and in particular its end surface 7 protrudes over an end surface 6 of the first cover layer 2. The second cover layer is in 1 not visible. It is arranged in the paper plane below the core layer 3.

In 2 the second cover layer 8 is visible. In this illustration it is clearly visible that the core layer 3 is arranged like a sandwich between the cover layers 2, 8. The first cover layer 2 has a decorative layer 9, for example made of veneer wood, and an insulating layer 10. The second cover layer 8 has an insulating layer in this variant.

3 shows a detailed view of a receiving groove 11 of the panel a1 formed by the offset of the layers. The identification layer 3 is set back between the cover layers 2 and 8 in such a way that a receiving groove 11 is formed by the cover layers 2 and 8 and the core layer 3.

4 shows a detailed view of a plate-shaped projection 4 of the panel 1 formed by the offset of the layers 2, 3 and 8. The projection 4 surrounds an area defined by the first and/or second cover layer, preferably on three sides.

5 shows a cross section of an extruded profile 12, preferably made of aluminum, which can be used in the context of the present invention. In this embodiment, the extruded profile 12 has four identical receiving grooves 13, into each of which a plate-shaped projection 4 of a panel according to the invention can be inserted.

For example, a panel according to the invention can be provided with an aluminium profile according to 5 can be used (K50.N10 system profile 50x50 groove 10), where the groove is 10mm wide on all 4 sides and 15.75mm deep.

6 shows a schematic top view of the panel from 1 , which contains example information on the dimensions and materials. In this example, the insulation board is made of rigid foam.

7 shows a schematic side view of the panel from 1 , which contains information about dimensions and materials.

For example, a panel according to the invention has the following dimensions and layers: 1,015 mm x 3,030 mm x 49 mm (W x H x D)

Structure of the panel:

sandwich Width (mm) Height (mm) Depth (strength) (mm) Layer 9: Plywood veneer board 1,000 3,000 4 Layer 10: EPS or XPS insulation board 1,000 3,000 15 Core layer 3: Plywood veneer board with offset (15mm) 1,000 (15) 3,030 10 Layer 8: EPS or XPS insulation board *** 1,000 3,000 20 In total : 1,015 3,030 49 Optionally, the cover layer 8 can be similar in structure to the layer structure of layers 9 and 10 and have a decorative layer 8a Top layer 8: EPS or XPS insulation board 1,000 3,000 15 Top layer 8a: Plywood veneer board 1,000 3,000 5

Optionally, the covering layer 8 (e.g. total thickness 20mm) can have an insulation layer (e.g. layer 8, thickness e.g. 15mm) and a decorative layer 8a (e.g. plywood veneer panel with a thickness of e.g. 5mm), so that no additional external cladding is required to protect the insulation layer 8.

In principle, the cover layer 8 can be designed to face outwards, so that the option remains to produce the outer cladding according to the customer's wishes - this also saves a fourth layer 8a in the composite panel according to the invention. The cover layer 2 preferably faces the interior of a room constructed using the panels.

The cover layers can contain or consist of different materials, such as wood, insulation material, soundproofing material and can be arranged variably depending on the requirements of the project. The length and width of the cover layers can vary. The thickness of the individual composite layers can also vary. Ultimately, however, the thickness of the selected extruded profile also determines the maximum overall thickness of the panel or the thickness of the sum of the individual composite layers.

The main core layer 3 or the projection 4 formed by it serves as a tongue in the tongue-and-groove system and its depth/thickness always corresponds exactly to the dimensions of a groove 13 of the selected aluminum profile - in this case, for example, 10 mm - or a groove 11 of another panel.

The width and height of core layer 3, for example, measures 1,000 mm (W) x 3,030 mm (H). This means that the main core layer is preferably 30 mm longer than cover layers 2 and 8. By arranging cover layers 2 and 8 in the middle, this results in an offset of 15 mm on each side (this offset corresponds to a maximum of the length of the groove of the selected aluminum profile).

Preferably, a panel thus has two cover layers, which are formed by two plates of the same size, and a core layer arranged between them, which is formed by a plate that is larger than the plates of the two cover layers.

The cover layers 2 and 8 preferably have the same width as the core layer 3, e.g. 1,000 mm, but are glued or bonded offset to the core layer.

The offset preferably measures a maximum of the length of the groove of the selected aluminum profile, for example 15mm (for a groove of 15.75mm with a slight play of 0.75mm).

This offset automatically creates a groove 11 on one side and a tongue or projection 4 on the other side. This offset extends the total width of the sandwich panel by the depth of the aluminum profile groove (in the example by 15mm). Therefore, due to the offset in the example, the sandwich panel ultimately has a total width of 1,015mm.

Tongue and groove: The panels according to the invention can thus be inserted into the frame of the aluminum profiles and plugged into one another. On the sides where the groove of the aluminum profile and the groove of the panel meet, tongs are preferably inserted, which have dimensions of 30mm x 3,030mm x 10mm (WxHxD), for example. A composite according to the invention can thus have at least one tongs and groove.

A panel according to the invention preferably further comprises a composite of stability and insulation panels, wherein the composite layers are arranged with an offset so that they can be connected in the tongue and groove system both with each other and in a frame made of aluminum profiles, wherein the thickness of the sandwich panel consisting of its cover and core layers and the offset depend largely on the selected aluminum profile and thus an arbitrarily expandable plug-in system is created with which rooms or a series of rooms can be constructed.

• • Aluminium-Profile werden als Rahmen mit einander verschraubt. Die Panels werden in die Führungsschienen der Aluminium-Profile geschoben und ineinandergesteckt.
• • Der Rahmen der Aluminium-Profile hält die Panels stabil zusammen.
• • Fenster und Türaussparungen können zusätzlich aus einzelnen Sandwichpanelen ausgeschnitten werden.

For example, the construction of a building using panels according to the invention proceeds as follows:

• • Aluminum profiles are screwed together to form a frame. The panels are pushed into the guide rails of the aluminum profiles and plugged into one another.
• • The frame of the aluminum profiles holds the panels together securely.
• • Window and door recesses can also be cut out of individual sandwich panels.

• • Durch die elementare Bauweise können beliebig viele Panels aneinandergesetzt und somit die Raumgröße je nach Wunsch erweitert werden.
• • Je nach gewünschter Größe eines Raumes ist es empfehlenswert, zwischen einer längeren Aneinanderreihung von Sandwichpanelen ein weiteres Aluminium-Profil zur Verbesserung der Stabilität zu verbauen.
• • Die Materialbeschaffung wird vereinfacht. Hersteller müssen lediglich den Verbund aus den verschiedenen Material-Schichten im vorgegebenen Versatz miteinander verleimen bzw. verkleben.
• • Der Transport wird vereinfacht, da die einzelnen Elemente durch ihre kleine Größe leicht verpack-und transportierbar sind, somit können im Vergleich zu Modulen oder Containern mehr Einheiten gleichzeitig transportiert werden und ohne größere Hilfsmittel wie Kräne oder Hubwagen verladen werden.

This offers at least one of the following advantages:

• • Due to the elementary construction, any number of panels can be placed next to each other and thus the room size can be expanded as desired.
• • Depending on the desired size of a room, it is recommended to install another aluminum profile between a longer row of sandwich panels to improve stability.
• • Material procurement is simplified. Manufacturers only need to glue or adhere the composite of the various material layers together in the specified offset.
• • Transport is simplified because the individual elements are easy to pack and transport due to their small size. Thus, compared to modules or containers, more units can be transported at the same time and loaded without major equipment such as cranes or pallet trucks.

Thus, the offset panels according to the invention result in an easily pluggable element that can be stably held together by a frame made of aluminum profiles.

Claims (9)

Panel for positive connection to another component, comprising: a first cover layer, a second cover layer, and a core layer arranged between the first and second cover layers, characterized in that the core layer is arranged offset relative to at least one of the cover layers such that the core layer protrudes beyond an end surface of the at least one cover layer on at least a first side of the panel and is set back relative to an end surface of the at least one cover layer on at least a second side of the panel. Panel according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the core layer is arranged offset relative to at least one of the cover layers such that a plate-shaped projection is formed on the first side of the panel, which is designed to be received in a corresponding slot-shaped receptacle of a preferably similar panel, and a slot-shaped receptacle is formed on the second side of the panel, which is designed to receive a corresponding plate-shaped projection of a preferably similar panel. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core layer is arranged equally relative to the first and second of the cover layers and is preferably made of wood, in particular plywood veneer. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the core layer is arranged offset relative to the first and second of the cover layers such that the core layer projects beyond the end faces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably three, sides of the panel and is set back relative to the end faces of the first and second cover layers on at least two, preferably one, side of the panel. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second layers has at least one outwardly facing decorative layer, preferably a wood veneer layer, and an insulating layer arranged between the decorative layer and the core layer. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the first and second cover layers has at least one insulating layer, preferably at least partially made of polymer, in particular expanded and/or extruded polystyrene. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on at least a first side of the panel, exclusively the core layer protrudes beyond an end surface of the at least one cover layer and/or exclusively the core layer on the first side of the panel forms the plate-shaped projection. Composite of at least two panels according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two panels are positively connected to one another and/or to another component, preferably an extruded profile with at least one receiving groove. Association according to Claim 8 , characterized in that a frame construction made of extruded profiles is present, which preferably defines a three-dimensional structure, and a number of Panels are positively connected to each other and to the frame construction in such a way that the panels form at least one wall or a number of walls of the three-dimensional structure.

Images