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DE102018003591A1 - Vehicle traction battery with liquid cooling - Google Patents

Vehicle traction battery with liquid cooling Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102018003591A1
DE102018003591A1 DE102018003591.4A DE102018003591A DE102018003591A1 DE 102018003591 A1 DE102018003591 A1 DE 102018003591A1 DE 102018003591 A DE102018003591 A DE 102018003591A DE 102018003591 A1 DE102018003591 A1 DE 102018003591A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
traction battery
cells
coolant
liquid
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DE102018003591.4A
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German (de)
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Andreas Lohner
Gregor Grun
Martin Vosswinkel
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/562—Terminals characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0042—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction
    • H02J7/0045—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the mechanical construction concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545—Temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/667—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an electronic component, e.g. a CPU, an inverter or a capacitor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

Traktionsbatterie für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere Straßenfahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zellen in dichtester Packung nur von einer umhüllenden und abdichtenden Wand und den Zellverbindern mechanisch fixiert und inklusive Zellverbinder vollständig von einer isolierenden Kühlflüssigkeit direkt umflutet werden, die ein Paraffin oder ein anderes Gemisch aus Kohlenwasserstoffen ist, das heterogen einen weiteren Stoff mitführt, der bei Raumtemperatur mikroskopisch kleine Festkörper bildet und dessen Schmelzpunkt bei um 5 bis 20 ° Kelvin höherer Temperatur liegt, um zur Wärmeabfuhr zusätzlich einen Phasenübergang zu nutzen, die über ein Kupferrohr, axial zu den Zellen, dem Kontainer zugeführt wird, das zusätzlich den elektrischen, flüssigkeitsgekühlten Anschluss der Batterie - z. B. Pluspol - darstellt.

Figure DE102018003591A1_0000
Traction battery for a vehicle, in particular road vehicle, characterized in that the cells in the densest packing mechanically fixed only by a sheathing and sealing wall and the cell connectors and including cell connectors are completely flooded directly by an insulating coolant, which is a paraffin or other mixture of hydrocarbons is that heterogeneously entrains another substance that forms microscopic solids at room temperature and whose melting point is at 5 to 20 ° Kelvin higher temperature in order to use for heat removal in addition to a phase transition, via a copper tube, axially to the cells, the Kontainer is supplied, in addition to the electrical, liquid-cooled connection of the battery -. B. positive pole - represents.
Figure DE102018003591A1_0000

Description

Motivation und Stand der TechnikMotivation and state of the art

Die Antriebsmaschinen elektrisch angetriebener PKW werden durchweg aus sogenannten Hochvoltbatterien versorgt, deren Systemspannung mehrere hundert Volt Gleichspannung, meistens zwischen 300 bis 600 VDC liegend, beträgt. Damit birgt die Traktionsbatterie und die mit ihr elektrisch verbundenen Traktionskomponenten über die Verkabelung bis hin zur elektrischen Maschine ein hohes elektrisches Gefahrenpotential, was die Akzeptanz des Endkunden reduziert und den Schulungsaufwand für Werkstatt-Personal erhöht und dadurch die Massenmarktverbreitung hemmt. Weiterhin sind diverse System-Komponenten wie Relais, Sicherungen etc. für hohe Gleichspannungen kostenintensiver als für niedrigere.The engines of electrically powered cars are consistently supplied by so-called high-voltage batteries whose system voltage is several hundred volts DC, usually between 300 to 600 V DC lying. Thus, the traction battery and its electrically connected traction components on the wiring to the electrical machine holds a high electrical hazard potential, which reduces the acceptance of the end customer and increases the training costs for repair shop staff and thereby inhibits mass market distribution. Furthermore, various system components such as relays, fuses, etc. are more expensive for high DC voltages than for lower DC voltages.

Zusätzlich mangelt es sämtlichen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Batteriekühlkonzepten an einer schnellen und gleichmäßigen Ableitung der in der Batterie entstehenden Verlustwärme. Dieses gilt besonders für luftgekühlte Systeme. Ein solches System, bei dem Luft durch die Batterie geblasen wird, wird z. B. in DE 102 45 600 B4 oder in DE 43 13 462 A1 vorgestellt. Problematisch ist bei dieser Kühlungsart, dass das kühlende Gas sehr viel Raum benötigt und über keine hohe Wärmekapazität verfügt. Alternativ zu den direkt luftgekühlten Systemen gibt es indirekt flüssigkeitsgekühlte Systeme, die wie in DE 28 35 501 A1 beschrieben, Zwischenräume oder Kanäle mit einem flüssigen Kühlmedium wie z. B Wasser füllen. Diese Systeme sind aufwändig zu konstruieren, zu fertigen und bauen weder kompakt noch leicht.In addition, all battery cooling concepts known from the state of the art lack a fast and uniform dissipation of the heat loss arising in the battery. This is especially true for air-cooled systems. Such a system in which air is blown through the battery, z. In DE 102 45 600 B4 or in DE 43 13 462 A1 presented. The problem with this type of cooling is that the cooling gas requires a great deal of space and does not have a high heat capacity. As an alternative to the direct air-cooled systems, there are indirect liquid-cooled systems, as in DE 28 35 501 A1 described, spaces or channels with a liquid cooling medium such. B Fill with water. These systems are laborious to construct, manufacture and build neither compact nor lightweight.

Als weitere Verbesserung wird in DE 10 2014 112 628 A1 ein Batteriesystem beschrieben, bei dem die Zellen einzeln abgedichtet in zwei Halteplatten sitzen und der sich ergebende Zwischenraum mit einem Fluid zur Kühlung geflutet wird. Die Pole und der Kontaktierungsbereich der Zellen sind kühlmittelfrei, wobei nachteilig das Erreichen der Dichtigkeit durch eine Vielzahl an Dichtungen ist. Zudem werden die Zellen seitlich und damit unsymmetrisch angeströmt bzw. seriell gekühlt, so dass sich ein Temperaturgefälle unter den Zellen einstellt.As further improvement will be in DE 10 2014 112 628 A1 a battery system is described in which the cells are individually sealed sitting in two holding plates and the resulting gap is flooded with a fluid for cooling. The poles and the contacting region of the cells are coolant-free, whereby the achievement of the tightness by a plurality of seals is disadvantageous. In addition, the cells are flowed laterally and thus asymmetrically or serially cooled, so that sets a temperature gradient under the cells.

48V-Traktionsbatterie mit direkter Flüssigkeitskühlung48V traction battery with direct liquid cooling

Um das elektrische Gefahrenpotential zu minimieren, wird zunächst vorgeschlagen, die Traktionsbatterie zelltechnologieabhängig nur aus 14 oder 16 Lithiumzellen in Reihe verschaltet aufzubauen. Zur Kapazitätsvergrößerung können hierbei beliebig viele Zellen parallelgeschaltet werden. Wegen der erreichten niedrigen Systemspannung darf die Batteriemasse mit Karosserie verbunden werden, was den Verkabelungsaufwand zum Antriebsumrichter halbiert.In order to minimize the electrical hazard potential, it is first proposed to build the traction battery cell depending on the technology only 14 or 16 lithium cells connected in series. To increase the capacity, any number of cells can be connected in parallel. Due to the low system voltage achieved, the battery ground may be connected to the body, which halves the cabling effort to the drive inverter.

Um PKWs bauraumneutral zu hybridisieren bzw. zu elektrifizieren, wird vorgeschlagen, die 48V-Traktionsbatterie in die Reserveradmulde zu integrieren (vgl. ). Hierfür werden die Zellen, wie in dargestellt, in dichtester Packung angeordnet und so verschaltet, dass eine Reihenschaltung von 14 Zellen entsteht. Die Zellenanordnung wird außen von einem doppelwandigen Faserverbundwerkstoff umgeben. Die innere Umhüllung lässt dabei zwischen den Zellen und der Wand genau so viel Volumen, wie zwischen inneren Zellen vorhanden ist. Der „Zell-Raum“ wird oben und unten mit einem kleinen Abstand zu den Zellverbindern, flüssigkeitsdicht zugedeckelt. Ein Kühlmittelzufluss ermöglicht von unten die Zufuhrung eines isolierenden, Zellen und Verbinder direkt kühlenden Kühlmittels und oberhalb eine Abführung desselben durch ein Kupferrohr, ähnlich dem im Sanitär- bzw. im Heizungsbereich verwendeten (vgl. ). Damit ist diese direkte Kühlung gewichtsminimal und gleichzeitig sehr effektiv. Eine einfache Pumpe zwischen Kühler und Batteriekontainer fördert das elektrisch isolierende Kühlmittel. Als Kühlmittel wird paraffinartiges Öl vorgeschlagen, das als zweite Komponente bei Raumtemperatur einen wachsartigen Festkörper heterogen mitführt, der zur besseren Wärmeabfuhr bei ca. 35 °C einen Phasenübergang bietet, der im Rückkühler wieder umgekehrt wird. Das heterogene Kühlmittel wird durch ein Kupferrohr aus dem Batteriekontainer abgeführt und kühlt dieses Kupferrohr, das die elektrische Verbindung zwischen Batteriepluspol und Antriebsumrichter darstellt, innerlich. Der Zufluss des Kühlmittels zur Batterie erfolgt über ein zweites Kupferrohr, das analog den Minuspol der Batterie darstellen kann. Die innerliche Flüssigkeitskühlung der Rohr-Stromleiter ermöglicht sehr hohe Stromdichten.In order to hybridize or electrify cars space-neutral, it is proposed to integrate the 48V traction battery in the spare wheel well (see. ). For this, the cells, as in represented, arranged in the tightest packing and connected so that a series connection of 14 cells is formed. The cell assembly is surrounded on the outside by a double-walled fiber composite material. The inner envelope leaves just as much volume between the cells and the wall as there is between inner cells. The "cell space" is topped up and down with a small distance to the cell connectors, liquid-tight. A coolant inflow allows the supply of an insulating, cells and connectors directly cooling coolant from above and above a discharge of the same through a copper pipe, similar to that used in the sanitary or in the heating area (see. ). Thus, this direct cooling is minimal in weight and at the same time very effective. A simple pump between radiator and battery container promotes the electrically insulating coolant. As a coolant paraffin-like oil is proposed, the second component at room temperature, a waxy solid heterogeneous entails that offers a better heat dissipation at about 35 ° C, a phase transition, which is reversed again in the recooler. The heterogeneous coolant is discharged through a copper tube from the battery container and cools this copper tube, which represents the electrical connection between battery plus pole and drive inverter, internally. The inflow of the coolant to the battery via a second copper tube, which can be analogous to the negative pole of the battery. The internal liquid cooling of the pipe conductor allows very high current densities.

Abschließend werden die zwischen innerer Zellumhüllung und kreisrunder Außenbatteriewand entstandenen, kühlmittelfreien Hohlräume für die Aufnahme von Ladeleistungselektronik, Batteriemanagementelektronik, Schaltern und Sicherungen genutzt, so dass ein kompaktes Batteriesystem entsteht (vgl. ). Die Leistungselektronik ist über ein in die Innenwand eingesetztes Stück Aluminium thermisch an das Batteriekühlmedium angeschlossen.Finally, the coolant-free cavities formed between the inner cell envelope and the circular outer battery wall are used to hold charging electronics, battery management electronics, switches and fuses, so that a compact battery system is created (cf. ). The power electronics are thermally connected to the battery cooling medium via a piece of aluminum inserted into the inner wall.

Die Doppelwandigkeit des Faserverbundwerkstoff-Batteriekontainers erhöht die Crashsicherheit des Systems erheblich und sichert die Isolation der Zellen nach außen hin ab.The double-walledness of the fiber composite battery container significantly increases the crash safety of the system and secures the insulation of the cells to the outside.

ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature

  • DE 10245600 B4 [0002]DE 10245600 B4 [0002]
  • DE 4313462 A1 [0002]DE 4313462 A1 [0002]
  • DE 2835501 A1 [0002]DE 2835501 A1 [0002]
  • DE 102014112628 A1 [0003]DE 102014112628 A1 [0003]

Claims (8)

Traktionsbatterie für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere Straßenfahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zellen in dichtester Packung nur von einer umhüllenden und abdichtenden Wand und den Zellverbindern mechanisch fixiert und inklusive Zellverbinder vollständig von einer isolierenden Kühlflüssigkeit direkt umflutet werden, die ein Paraffin oder ein anderes Gemisch aus Kohlenwasserstoffen ist, das heterogen einen weiteren Stoff mitführt, der bei Raumtemperatur mikroskopisch kleine Festkörper bildet und dessen Schmelzpunkt bei um 5 bis 20 ° Kelvin höherer Temperatur liegt, um zur Wärmeabfuhr zusätzlich einen Phasenübergang zu nutzen, die über ein Kupferrohr, axial zu den Zellen, dem Kontainer zugeführt wird, das zusätzlich den elektrischen, flüssigkeitsgekühlten Anschluss der Batterie - z. B. Pluspol - darstellt.Traction battery for a vehicle, in particular road vehicle, characterized in that the cells in the densest packing mechanically fixed only by a sheathing and sealing wall and the cell connectors and including cell connectors are completely flooded directly by an insulating coolant, which is a paraffin or other mixture of hydrocarbons is that heterogeneously entrains another substance that forms microscopic solids at room temperature and whose melting point is at 5 to 20 ° Kelvin higher temperature in order to use for heat removal in addition to a phase transition, via a copper tube, axially to the cells, the Kontainer is supplied, in addition to the electrical, liquid-cooled connection of the battery -. B. positive pole - represents. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei, zueinander isolierte Kupferrohre, dem Kontainer zu- und abgeführt werden, die zusätzlich den elektrischen, flüssigkeitsgekühlten Anschluss als Kühlmittelzu- und Abfluss der Batterie darstellen und gleichzeitig den Strom zur Batterie zu- und abführen, Plus- und Minuspol.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that two, mutually insulated copper pipes, the container to be added and removed, which additionally represent the electrical, liquid-cooled connection as Kühlmittelzu- and outflow of the battery and at the same time supply and remove the power to the battery, plus and minus pole. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei, zueinander isolierte Metallrohre den elektrischen und den flüssigkeitsgekühlten Anschluss darstellen.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that two mutually insulated metal pipes represent the electrical and the liquid-cooled connection. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Batteriekontainer doppelwandig ausgeführt ist und im äußeren Bereich Steuerungs- und Leistungselektronik beherbergt, die über die innere Wand thermisch - z. B. durch einen Metall-Einsatz - an das Kühlmittel angebunden ist.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that the battery container is double-walled and housed in the outer area control and power electronics, the thermally over the inner wall -. B. by a metal insert - is connected to the coolant. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrisch leitenden, kühlmittelführenden Rohre bis in den Ladestecker und / oder die Maschine und / oder die Leistungselektronik geführt werden, um diese in den Kühlkreislauf zu integrieren.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that the electrically conductive, coolant-carrying pipes are led into the charging plug and / or the machine and / or the power electronics in order to integrate them in the cooling circuit. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Systemspannung 48V beträgt.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that the system voltage is 48V. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Systemspannung größer oder kleiner als 48 V ist.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that the system voltage is greater or less than 48V. Traktionsbatterie nach Anspruch 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in die Reserveradmulde integriert ist.Traction battery after Claim 1 characterized in that it is integrated in the spare wheel well.
DE102018003591.4A 2018-05-03 2018-05-03 Vehicle traction battery with liquid cooling Withdrawn DE102018003591A1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113067053A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-02 浙江大学 Phase change submicron capsule emulsion-based battery thermal management system and method thereof
CN113140826A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-20 佛山市液冷时代科技有限公司 Battery liquid cooling heat dissipation device based on paraffin-copper fiber phase change composite material

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113067053A (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-07-02 浙江大学 Phase change submicron capsule emulsion-based battery thermal management system and method thereof
CN113067053B (en) * 2021-03-26 2022-09-30 浙江大学 Phase change submicron capsule emulsion-based battery thermal management system and method thereof
CN113140826A (en) * 2021-04-19 2021-07-20 佛山市液冷时代科技有限公司 Battery liquid cooling heat dissipation device based on paraffin-copper fiber phase change composite material
CN113140826B (en) * 2021-04-19 2022-05-17 佛山市液冷时代科技有限公司 Battery liquid cooling heat dissipation device based on paraffin-copper fiber phase change composite material

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