DE102014213583A1 - Device for protecting a high pressure gas container of a motor vehicle, high pressure gas container for a motor vehicle and method for producing a high pressure gas container - Google Patents
Device for protecting a high pressure gas container of a motor vehicle, high pressure gas container for a motor vehicle and method for producing a high pressure gas container Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102014213583A1 DE102014213583A1 DE102014213583.4A DE102014213583A DE102014213583A1 DE 102014213583 A1 DE102014213583 A1 DE 102014213583A1 DE 102014213583 A DE102014213583 A DE 102014213583A DE 102014213583 A1 DE102014213583 A1 DE 102014213583A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- pressure gas
- gas container
- intumescent layer
- high pressure
- layer
- Prior art date
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- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-[6-[[2-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl]amino]purin-9-yl]-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=CC(C(CNC=2C=3N=CN(C=3N=CN=2)[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=C1 BUHVIAUBTBOHAG-FOYDDCNASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100040287 GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710185324 GTP cyclohydrolase 1 feedback regulatory protein Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/03—Orientation
- F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0619—Single wall with two layers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
- F17C2205/0115—Dismountable protective hulls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0323—Valves
- F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/232—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/011—Oxygen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/031—Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/042—Reducing risk of explosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Hochdruckgasbehälters 10 eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit einer intumeszierenden Schicht 20. Die intumeszierende Schicht 20 ist derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass die intumeszierende Schicht 20 den Hochdruckgasbehälter 10 zumindest teilweise abschirmt. Die intumeszierende Schicht 20 weist ein intumeszierendes Elastomermaterial auf.Device for protecting a high-pressure gas container 10 of a motor vehicle with an intumescent layer 20. The intumescent layer 20 is arranged and designed such that the intumescent layer 20 at least partially shields the high-pressure gas container 10. The intumescent layer 20 comprises an intumescent elastomeric material.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Hochdruckgasbehälters eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Hochdruckgasbehälter, welche allgemein auch Composit-Behälter, Verbundwerkstoffbehälter oder Faserverbundbehälter genannt werden, umfassen in der Regel ganz oder teilweise faserverstärkte Materialschichten, die einen Liner umgeben. Der Liner ist oft aus Aluminium oder Stahl gebildet und beherbergt die komprimierten Gase, wie bspw. Druckluft, Sauerstoff, Methan, Wasserstoff, Kohlensäure etc. Auch Kunststoffliner sind bekannt. Solche Hochdruckgasbehälter werden beispielsweise in Fahrzeuge eingesetzt, die mit komprimiertem Erdgas, oft als compressed natural gas (CNG) bezeichnet, oder mit Wasserstoff betrieben werden.The present invention relates to a device for protecting a high-pressure gas container of a motor vehicle. High-pressure gas containers, which are generally also called composite containers, composite containers or fiber composite containers, generally comprise wholly or partially fiber-reinforced material layers surrounding a liner. The liner is often made of aluminum or steel and houses the compressed gases, such as. Compressed air, oxygen, methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, etc. Also plastic liners are known. Such high-pressure gas containers are used, for example, in vehicles which are operated with compressed natural gas, often referred to as compressed natural gas (CNG), or with hydrogen.
Beim Einsatz solcher Hochdruckgasbehälter besteht das Risiko, dass dessen Struktur durch Hitzeeinwirkung geschwächt wird. Aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt ist der Einsatz von Sicherheitsventilen, sog. thermal pressure release devices (TPRD). Diese Sicherheitsventile dienen dem Brandschutz. Die Ausgestaltung der Sicherheitsventile bzw. Brandschutzventile ist bspw. durch die
Aus der
Es ist eine bevorzugte Aufgabe der hier offenbarten Technologie, die Nachteile der vorbekannten Hochdruckgasbehälter zu verringern oder abzustellen. Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch den Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 1. Die abhängigen Patentansprüche stellen vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen dar.It is a preferred object of the technology disclosed herein to reduce or eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art high pressure gas containers. The object is solved by the subject matter of patent claim 1. The dependent claims represent advantageous embodiments.
Es ist offenbart eine Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Hochdruckgasbehälters eines Kraftfahrzeuges, bspw. eines Fahrzeuges, das mit Erdgas oder Wasserstoff betankt werden kann. Die Vorrichtung weist eine intumeszente bzw. intumeszierende Schicht auf, die den Hochdruckgasbehälter zumindest teilweise bzw. zumindest in einem Bereich gegen eine Feuerquelle abschirmt. Die intumeszierende Schicht weist ferner ein intumeszierendes und keramisierendes Elastomermaterial auf.It is disclosed a device for protecting a high-pressure gas container of a motor vehicle, for example. A vehicle that can be refueled with natural gas or hydrogen. The device has an intumescent or intumescent layer which shields the high-pressure gas container at least partially or at least in one area against a fire source. The intumescent layer further comprises an intumescent and ceramizing elastomeric material.
Abschirmen bedeutet in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die intumeszierende Schicht mechanische insbesondere aber thermische Einwirkungen zumindest verringert und/oder verzögert. Mit anderen Worten bewirkt die intumeszierende Schicht, dass sich der Hochdruckgasbehälter in dem durch die intumeszierende Schicht abgeschirmten Bereich des Hochdruckgasbehälter nicht so schnell erwärmt und/oder Stöße weniger Schaden verursachen wie in den Bereichen, in denen die intumeszierende Schicht den Hochdruckgasbehälter nicht abschirmt. Insbesondere ist die thermisch abschirmende Wirkung so, dass ein wirksamer Brandschutz entsteht, der die Wirkung des Feuers zumindest merklich hinauszögert.In this context, shielding means that the intumescent layer at least reduces and / or delays mechanical but in particular thermal effects. In other words, the intumescent layer does not cause the high-pressure gas container in the area of the high-pressure gas container shielded by the intumescent layer to heat up so rapidly and / or cause less shock as in the areas where the intumescent layer does not shield the high-pressure gas container. In particular, the thermal shielding effect is such that an effective fire protection is formed, which at least appreciably delays the effect of the fire.
Der Begriff Intumeszenz bezeichnet generell die Ausdehnung oder die Anschwellung, also die Größenzunahme eines festen Körpers unter Temperatureinwirkung. Im Brandschutz bezeichnet der Begriff das Schwellen bzw. Aufschäumen von Materialien. Intumeszierende Materialien nehmen also unter Hitzeeinwirkung an Volumen zu und an Dichte ab. Dabei steigt das Volumen über das übliche Maß an Wärmedehnung wesentlich, oft um ein Vielfaches, an. Die physikalischen Eigenschaften ändern sich signifikant. Durch das Schwellen bzw. Aufschäumen entsteht beispielsweise eine Isolierschicht.The term intumescence generally refers to the expansion or swelling, ie the increase in size of a solid body under the influence of temperature. In fire protection, the term refers to the swelling or foaming of materials. Intumescent materials thus increase in volume and density due to heat. The volume above the usual level of thermal expansion increases significantly, often many times. The physical properties change significantly. By swelling or foaming, for example, creates an insulating layer.
In der hier offenbarten Technologie fungiert die intumeszierende Schicht als Hitzebremse und als mechanischer Schutz. Hydrate im Gegensatz zu keramisierende Elastomermaterialien können nur in einem sehr geringen Maß einen mechanischen Schutz bieten. Das keramisierende Elastomermaterial kann indes die faserverstärkten Materialschichten insbesondere im aufgeschwellten bzw. aufgeschäumten Zustand durch die entstehenden Keramikstrukturen (z. B. Pyrolyse- und Zwischenschicht) wirksam vor mechanischen Einwirkungen schützen. Dies ist vorteilhaft, da im Brandfall die Gefahr bzgl. mechanischer Einwirkungen stark erhöht ist.In the technology disclosed herein, the intumescent layer functions as a heat brake and as a mechanical protection. Hydrates, unlike ceramizing elastomeric materials, can provide mechanical protection only to a very limited extent. The ceramizing elastomer material, however, can effectively protect the fiber-reinforced material layers from mechanical influences, in particular in the whirled-up or foamed state, by the ceramics structures that are formed (eg pyrolysis layer and intermediate layer). This is advantageous because in the event of fire, the risk of mechanical effects is greatly increased.
Die intumeszierende Schicht kann direkt am Hochdruckgasbehälter befestigbar sein. Beispielsweise kann die intumeszierende Schicht auf den Hochdruckgasbehälter aufgebracht sein, beispielsweise durch ein Coating-Verfahren, oder durch sonstige Befestigungsmittel direkt an dem Hochdruckgasbehälter gehalten sein, bevorzugt anliegen. In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung ist die intumeszierende Schicht mit einem geringen Abstand, bspw. weniger als 5 cm, bevorzugt weniger als 1 cm von der äußersten Schicht des Hochdruckgasbehälters beabstandet. Durch eine solche Ausgestaltung lässt sich der Bauraum für den Hochdruckgasbehälter im Kraftfahrzeug weiter verringern. Der Spalt zwischen der intumeszierenden Schicht und äußersten Schicht des Hochdruckgasbehälters stellt eine zusätzliche Isolationsschicht dar. Insbesondere ist der Hochdruckgasbehälter bevorzugt also derart ausgestaltet, dass die Sicherheitsventile nicht durch die intumeszierende Schicht vor der Flamme abgeschirmt sind. Vorteilhaft lässt sich somit das Ansprechverhalten der Sicherheitsventile weiter verbessern. Durch das direkte Aufbringen der intumeszierenden Schicht
Vorteilhaft weist die intumeszierende Schicht eine Wandstärke von 0,1 mm bis 20 mm, bevorzugt von 2 mm bis 10 mm, und besonders bevorzugt von 3 mm bis 6 mm auf. Eine solche Ausgestaltung der intumeszierenden Schicht weist ein günstiges Verhältnis von Gewicht zu abschirmender Wirkung auf.Advantageously, the intumescent layer has a wall thickness of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 2 mm to 10 mm, and particularly preferably from 3 mm to 6 mm. Such a configuration of the intumescent layer has a favorable ratio of weight to shielding effect.
Vorteilhaft dehnt sich die intumeszierende Schicht zumindest um das 2-fache, bevorzugt zumindest um 5-fache, ferner bevorzugt zumindest um das 10-fache und besonders bevorzugt um ca. das 20-fache bis 30-fache ihrer ursprünglichen Wanddicke aus.Advantageously, the intumescent layer expands at least 2 times, preferably at least 5 times, more preferably at least 10 times, and most preferably about 20 times to 30 times its original wall thickness.
Das keramisierende Elastomermaterial kann eine sinternde und/oder verglasende Komponente umfassen. Ferner kann das keramisierende Elastomermaterial ein Metalloxid als Füllstoff aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann das Elastomermaterial eines der folgenden Komponenten aufweisen: SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, und/oder SiC. Ein solches Material weist eine gesteigerte Festigkeit im intumeszierten Zustand auf. Ferner kann das Elastomermaterial ein katalytisch wirksamen Bestandteil, beispielsweise B2O3 oder Eisenverbindungen aufweisen. Somit lassen sich bevorzugt die Sintertemperaturen reduzieren. Keramisierende Elastomermaterialien sind beispielsweise bereits in der
Bevorzugt ist das Sicherheitsventil auf der Außenseite der intumeszierenden Schicht angeordnet. Mit anderen Worten ist auf der einen Seite der intumeszierenden Schicht der Liner des Hochdruckgasbehälters angeordnet und auf der anderen Seite das Sicherheitsventil.Preferably, the safety valve is arranged on the outside of the intumescent layer. In other words, the liner of the high-pressure gas container is arranged on one side of the intumescent layer and the safety valve on the other side.
Die hier offenbarte Technologie umfasst ebenfalls einen Hochdruckgasbehälter mit der hierin beschriebenen Vorrichtung zum Schutz des Hochdruckgasbehälters.The technology disclosed herein also includes a high pressure gas container with the apparatus for protecting the high pressure gas container described herein.
Bevorzugt weist der Hochdruckgasbehälter eine faserverstärkte Schicht auf. Die faserverstärkte Schicht kann einen Liner, beispielsweise aus Aluminium, des Behälters umschließen. Als faserverstärkte Kunststoffe kommen bspw. CFK und GFK zum Einsatz. Vorteilhaft ist die intumeszierende Schicht auf der äußeren Oberfläche der faserverstärkten Schicht zumindest teilweise aufgebracht.The high-pressure gas container preferably has a fiber-reinforced layer. The fiber reinforced layer may enclose a liner, such as aluminum, of the container. For example, CFRP and GFRP are used as fiber-reinforced plastics. Advantageously, the intumescent layer is at least partially applied to the outer surface of the fiber-reinforced layer.
Die hier offenbarte Technologie umfasst bevorzugt ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des hier offenbarten Hochdruckbehälters. Das Verfahren weist bevorzugt die folgenden Schritte auf:
- – Bereitstellen eines Kerns eines Hochdruckgasbehälters;
- – Bereitstellen der intumeszierenden Schicht; und/oder
- – Aufbringen der intumeszierenden Schicht auf den Kern durch ein Coating-Verfahren.
- - Providing a core of a high pressure gas container;
- - Providing the intumescent layer; and or
- - Applying the intumescent layer on the core by a coating process.
Als Kern ist hier der Liner des Hochdruckgasbehälters samt etwaiger zusätzlichen Materialschichten, beispielsweiser einer faserverstärkten Materialschicht, anzusehen. Die hier offenbarte Technologie wird nun anhand der folgenden Figuren beispielhaft beschrieben, wobeiThe core here is the liner of the high-pressure gas container together with any additional material layers, for example a fiber-reinforced material layer. The technology disclosed herein will now be described by way of example with reference to the following figures, in which:
In
Ferner kann anstatt einer im Querschnitt C-förmigen oder rohrförmigen intumeszierenden Schicht
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- US 2011/0079403 A1 [0003] US 2011/0079403 A1 [0003]
- EP 0878520 [0012] EP 0878520 [0012]
Zitierte Nicht-PatentliteraturCited non-patent literature
- Norm EC79/2009 [0002] Standard EC79 / 2009 [0002]
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
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DE102014213583.4A DE102014213583A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2014-07-11 | Device for protecting a high pressure gas container of a motor vehicle, high pressure gas container for a motor vehicle and method for producing a high pressure gas container |
PCT/EP2015/065180 WO2016005279A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2015-07-03 | Device for protecting a high-pressure gas reservoir of a motor vehicle, high-pressure gas reservoir for a motor vehicle and method for the production of a high-pressure gas reservoir |
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DE102014213583.4A DE102014213583A1 (en) | 2014-07-11 | 2014-07-11 | Device for protecting a high pressure gas container of a motor vehicle, high pressure gas container for a motor vehicle and method for producing a high pressure gas container |
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Cited By (2)
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CN112489828A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-12 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Shielding and cladding device for compactly arranging small-sized piles with large expansion difference |
WO2021130098A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-07-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for producing a component for storing or distributing compressed gas, and component for storing or distributing compressed gas |
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