DE102008061755A1 - Holding and cooling device for high-power lithium-ions battery, of vehicle, has spring element designed in order to thermally contact retaining elements by spring force on retaining element or energy storage unit insertable into bag - Google Patents

Abstract

The device (100) has a set of retaining elements (105) fastened to a cooling base plate (120) in a firmly-bonded manner by soldering or welding. A retaining bag for an energy storage unit (130) is formed by the retaining elements. A spring element (140) is designed in order to thermally contact the retaining elements by a spring force on the retaining element or the energy storage unit insertable into the retaining bag in an inserted condition. A majority of the retaining elements is arranged in such a manner to form a rigid retaining structure. The spring element is made of a plastic material, plastics foam material, and fleece or metal. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a retaining and cooling device.

Description

The The present invention relates to a holding and cooling device according to claim 1 and to a process for the preparation a holding and cooling device according to claim 15th

Evolved High performance batteries, eg. B. based on Li ions meanwhile the use of this energy storage for diverse applications with high energy requirements, z. B. for vehicles. These high-performance batteries sit down often from a larger number of Standard cells together. The function and interaction of the Cells are highly temperature dependent. This means that It is desirable to keep all cells as evenly as possible to keep at an operating temperature. Too big deviations from the operating temperature, the life of the cells will significantly damage. During operation, especially during rapid loading or unloading arises Heat loss, the cooling of the battery or the cells necessary to the desired operating temperature sure.

The publication DE 10 2007 066944 discloses, inter alia, a cooling option for battery flat cells, which has cooling plates as a thermal path. It is mentioned that the sheets are in thermal contact with the cooling plate; This contact should be made by casting.

The publication DE 102 23 782 B4 discloses a cooling device of round cells consisting of a base plate and laterally in the longitudinal direction of the cells adjacent cooling elements. The cells are frictionally connected to the cooling device, the adjacent cooling elements have expansion joints to improve the problem of gap formation and heat transfer.

The Technology of gluing or potting of cooling plates on a cooling plate does not show the desired Durability and process capability. Alternatively Lines or modules frictionally connected to the heat sink tethered. The heat transfer is also here not optimal. Other methods for thermal contacting a Energy storage unit (such as a battery) with a cooling element However, the energy storage unit in the cooling element to damage.

Of the indicated by the cited prior art still leaves an improvement in the thermal contact the energy storage units (such as batteries) to the cooling elements.

It Therefore, the object of the present invention, an improved Holding and cooling device and a method for Production of such a holding and cooling device to accomplish.

These Task is a holding and cooling device according to claim 1 and a process for the preparation a holding and cooling device according to claim 15 solved. Favorable embodiments of the invention are defined by the subclaims.

• – eine Kühlungsgrundplatte mit einer Mehrzahl von daran stoffschlüssig befestigten Halteelementen, wobei durch zumindest zwei Halteelemente eine Aufnahmetasche für eine Energiespeichereinheit ausgebildet ist; und
• – zumindest einem Federelement, das ausgebildet ist, um durch eine Federkraft auf ein Halteelement oder eine in die Aufnahmetasche einsteckbare Energiespeichereinheit diese im eingesteckten Zustand mit zumindest einem Halteelement thermisch zu kontaktieren.

The present invention provides a holding and cooling device for at least one energy storage unit, wherein the holding and cooling device has the following features:

• - A cooling base plate having a plurality of materially secured thereto retaining elements, wherein a receiving pocket for an energy storage unit is formed by at least two holding elements; and
• - At least one spring element which is designed to contact by a spring force on a holding element or an insertable into the receiving pocket energy storage unit in the inserted state with at least one holding element thermally.

• – Anordnen von einer Mehrzahl von Halteelementen an einer Kühlungsgrundplatte, wobei durch zumindest zwei Halteelemente eine Aufnahmetasche für ein Energiespeicherelement ausgebildet wird;
• – Stoffschlüssiges Verbinden der Halteelemente mit der Kühlungsgrundplatte; und
• – Bereitstellen eines Federelements zum Anordnen zwischen den Halteelementen, um durch eine Federkraft auf ein Halteelement oder eine in die Aufnahmetasche einsteckbare Energiespeichereinheit diese im eingesteckten Zustand mit zumindest einem Halteelement thermisch zu kontaktieren.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for producing a holding and cooling device, the method comprising the following steps:

• Arranging a plurality of retaining elements on a cooling base plate, wherein a receiving pocket for an energy storage element is formed by at least two retaining elements;
• - Material connection of the holding elements with the cooling base plate; and
• - Providing a spring element for arranging between the holding elements in order to contact by a spring force on a holding element or an insertable into the receiving pocket energy storage unit in the inserted state with at least one holding element thermally.

The present invention is based on the recognition that a stable mounting of energy storage units such as batteries by the provision of a cooling base plate is possible on the cohesively a plurality of holding elements are attached, which form at least one receiving pocket for one of the energy storage elements. Due to the cohesive connection between the cooling base plate and the holding elements, a high heat transfer from the energy storage elements to the cooling base plate is made possible. This cohesive connection, for example, by soldering or welding the cooling base plate to the Halteelemen can be prepared so that a metallic connection between the cooling base plate and the holding elements is formed. This metallic compound allows, in contrast to, for example, an adhesive bond significantly improved heat transfer. In order additionally to ensure an optimization of the heat transfer from the energy storage elements to the cooling base plate, a spring element should furthermore be provided that exerts a spring force on a holding element or an energy storage unit when the energy storage unit is arranged in the receiving pocket. As a result of this spring force, the largest possible surface contact between a surface of the energy storage unit and an adjacent element can be achieved over at least one surface contact.

The The present invention thus offers the advantage that by simple and cost-effective design measures very stable and efficient holding and cooling device be made for at least one energy storage unit can.

In a favorable embodiment of the invention the plurality of holding elements may be arranged such that they form a rigid support structure. Such an embodiment The present invention offers the advantage that energy storage elements, which have no dimensionally stable surface, stable and can be reliably held or cooled. Under a rigid support structure is an arrangement to understand in a movement of the holding elements relative to the cooling base plate at normal operating temperatures is not possible.

Also can the the cooling base plate in a further embodiment the invention by means of a soldering or welding be cohesively connected to the support members. A Such embodiment of the present invention provides the advantage of using simple manufacturing methods a very good heat transfer between the holding elements and the cooling base plate is enabled.

Cheap It is also when the retaining elements by thermally conductive Ribs, heat pipes and / or by cooling or refrigerant flow-through flat and / or manifolds are formed. In this way, a very good heat dissipation of allows the holding elements to the cooling base plate become.

In In another embodiment of the invention, a plurality of holding elements depending at least one metallic contact surface which are perpendicular with respect to the cooling base plate is aligned. Such an embodiment of the present invention Invention has the advantage that when inserted energy storage elements this conveniently a weight in the direction of Cooling base plate while a force perpendicular to the surface of the energy storage element to the weight acts. This will ensure that the thermal connection of the surface of the energy storage elements perpendicular to the direction of the weight, so that at a Movement of the holding and cooling device (for example when driving a vehicle in which the holding and cooling device is installed) a permanent thermal Contact between the holding elements and the surface of the Energy storage elements can be ensured independently of proper movements of the holding and cooling device is.

Also the spring element may be a plastic material, a plastic foam material or a fleece. The use of such material as a spring element allows a cost-effective and at the same time easy to mount holding and cooling device. Alternatively, the spring element may comprise a metal and, for example be designed as a plate spring.

Further can also be the plastic material, the plastic foam material or the nonwoven fabric is a heat conductive and / or an electrical includes insulating material. By using such a Materials can be ensured, on the one hand, a good one Heat dissipation from the surface of the energy storage element to the holding element and on the other hand, a sufficiently large electrical insulation between the energy storage element and the Holding and cooling device is possible.

In order to ensure slippage of the energy storage element in a movement of the holding and cooling device and at the same time to simplify the insertion of the energy storage elements in the holding and cooling device, a sheet can be arranged on the holding element sheet ( 150 ), which is designed to form a housing for at least one energy storage unit in the receiving pocket. This sheet metal can furthermore have a holding wing, which can be arranged substantially perpendicular to the cooling base plate and substantially perpendicular to a holding element. Such an embodiment of the present invention has the advantage that an energy storage unit is first inserted into the plate with the retaining wing and this sheet is inserted na. In this way, damage to the energy storage unit when plugged into the holding and cooling device can be avoided and at the same time slipping out of the Energy storage element can be prevented from the holding and cooling device.

In In another embodiment of the invention, the sheet metal on a side facing the retaining element a Wärmeleitmaterial and on one side of the energy storage unit zuwendbaren an electrical Insulation material has. Such an embodiment The present invention allows for a very good Protection of the energy storage unit when plugged into the holding and cooling device at the same time also a very good heat connection the surface of the energy storage unit to the holding element and at the same time a high electrical insulation between a holding element and the energy storage unit.

Also may in another embodiment of the invention, the Sheet have a fold at a portion of the cooling base plate is zuwendbar. Such an embodiment of the present invention Invention allows a simple opening of the sheet for inserting the energy storage unit and a subsequent Folding the sheet around the energy storage unit with the Sheet metal housing between the holding elements of the holding and Insert cooling device. Eventual unintentional Bends are thus avoided.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the spring element between two energy storage units which can be arranged adjacently in a receiving pocket be insertable. This allows for a compact and fast construction of a holding and cooling device with inserted and at least one side coolable energy storage elements, wherein nevertheless a sufficient pressure by the spring element on the Energy storage elements is exercised to a thermal effective contact between at least one holding element and the surface to enable the energy storage units.

Also the spring element between the energy storage unit and a Retaining element can be inserted. Such an embodiment Not only does the present invention enable bilateral thermal coupling (and thus a great cooling ability) for the energy storage element but also the provision of a plurality of spring elements between two holding elements to one thus to achieve very high contact pressure on the energy storage element.

Also can in another embodiment of the invention, the Cooling base plate arranged on a support element be that a plurality of slit-shaped openings has, which are arranged ladder-shaped, wherein the Holding elements through the slot-shaped openings are arranged. Such an embodiment of the cooling base plate on the support element allows the very simple us rational production of many uniform receiving bags on a cooling base plate, allowing effective production a compact holding and cooling device is possible.

to better dissipation of heat from the energy storage units can also be the cooling base plate with channels provided for the conduction of refrigerants or refrigerants be and / or that the cooling base plate in thermal Connection with at least one tube for conducting cooling or refrigerants is arranged.

Cheap Embodiments of the present invention will be with reference to the accompanying drawings explained. Show it:

1 a perspective view of a holding and cooling device with a rigid cooling structure with one-sided cooling of energy storage elements;

2 a side view of a combination of two energy storage elements with a unit surrounding fender;

3 a schematic side view of the cooling base plate with cohesively connected holding elements as a rigid cooling structure;

4 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

5 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

6 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

7 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

8th a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

9 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

10 a schematic side view of another embodiment of the invention of the invention;

11 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure;

12 a schematic side view of the operation of the spring element;

13 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with cohesively connected holding elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein;

14 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with cohesively connected holding elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein;

15 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with cohesively connected holding elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein;

16 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with cohesively connected holding elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein;

17 a schematic side view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein

18 a schematic plan view of another cooling base plate with materially connected retaining elements as a rigid cooling structure with energy storage units arranged therein

19 a plan view of an embodiment of a ladder-shaped cooling base plate;

20 a schematic side view for the preparation of the cooling base plate with materially arranged therein retaining elements;

21 a side view of the arrangement of energy storage units in the holding and cooling device with the cohesively secured to a cooling base plate holding elements; and

22 a flowchart of an embodiment of the present invention as a method.

Same or similar elements can be found in the following Figures provided by the same or similar reference numerals be omitted, with a repeated description of these elements omitted becomes. The following dimensions and dimensions may be indicated are merely illustrative of the invention and are not as a limitation of the invention to these dimensions and understand dimensions. Furthermore, the figures of the drawings, the description and the claims numerous features in combination. It is clear to a person skilled in the art that these features also individually or to others, not here explicitly combinations described can be summarized.

1 shows a perspective view of a holding and cooling device 100 with a rigid cooling structure with one-sided cooling of energy storage elements. This rigid cooling structure, which in 1 for example, thermally conductive ribs as holding elements 105 can exist at a junction 110 with a cooling base plate 120 be connected. This connection point 110 For example, a soldering of the ribs to the cooling base plate 120 be, whereby a heat conduction is ensured and at the same time a contribution to the strength of a total battery is supplied. The cooling base plate 120 can be cooled for example via flat tubes. Between the heat-conducting ribs as holding elements 105 can the energy storage elements 130 For example, (but not limited to) rechargeable battery cells may be inserted, with one surface of two battery cells 130 a spring element 140 can be arranged. This spring element 140 For example, it may be a nonwoven, which has a volume balance between the energy storage elements 130 (here the battery cells) allows a contact pressure of the energy storage elements 130 in the direction of the retaining element 105 maintains heat conduction and at the same time a joining of the individual cells 130 allows. Before inserting the energy storage elements 130 However, they can with a full-surface glued sheet 150 be provided as a housing, which has lateral retaining wings and thus slipping of the energy storage elements 130 prevented in the holding and cooling device. This sheet 150 may for example have a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, outside with heat conduction material or foil and inside electrically insulating coated. Such a "pretreatment" or Einhausen the energy storage cells 130 can both a high thermal conductivity, sufficient flatness and sufficient insulation of the energy storage cells 130 to ensure. At the same time, a low heat conduction coefficient α becomes the interface between a cell 130 and a rib 105 allows and additionally a protection of the cells 130 when inserting into the cooling structure 105 ensured.

2 shows a side view of a combination of two energy storage elements 130 , a spring element disposed therebetween 140 and preferably the entire surface of the energy storage units 130 glued sheet metal 150 as a housing. Through the representation off 2 it can be seen that a lateral extent of the memory cells 130 during loading and unloading by the spring element 140 can be compensated to still sufficient contact pressure by the spring element 140 on the memory cells 130 towards a holding element 105 sure. Furthermore, the sheet metal 150 also insertion bevels 200 include to make it easier to insert the composite 2 between the holding elements 105 out 1 to enable. At the same time, a fold 210 at an area of the sheet 150 be provided, that of the cooling base plate 120 facing after insertion. This fold 210 towards the side in the area of the spring element 140 be arranged to act as a "hinge" for opening through the sheet 150 formed housing when inserting the memory cells 130 to act. At the same time, the fold 210 as "expansion joint" for suspension or for volume compensation of the housing when inserting between the holding elements 105 or serve during operation.

3 shows a schematic side view of the cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. The cohesive connection 110 can in turn be a soldering between the holding elements 105 and the cooling base plate 120 be. The cooling base plate 120 can, for example, internal channels 300 to conduct refrigeration or refrigerant.

4 shows a schematic side view of the cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. In contrast to the presentation 3 can now the holding elements 105 which, for example, again consist of thermally conductive ribs, one or more interfaces 400 between the holding elements 105 and between the holding elements 105 have to be inserted memory cells, which conveniently comprise large metallic surfaces and preferably perpendicular to the cooling base plate 120 are arranged. In this way, a lateral contact force can be achieved, which acts perpendicular to a weight force. In this way it can be achieved that during a movement of the holding and cooling device, the inertia of the memory cells 130 no feathers of these cells 130 in the holding and cooling device 100 causes a thermally effective surface contact between the holding elements 105 and the surface of the cells 130 would interrupt.

5 shows a schematic side view of another cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. Opposite the presentation 4 can according to the embodiment according to 5 For example, a cooling of the cooling base plate 120 over soldered pipes 500 , For example, flat tubes, done.

6 shows a schematic side view of another cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. As in 6 is shown, the two holding elements 105 also legs of a U-shaped profile 600 which, for example, in slot-shaped openings of a support element on the cooling base plate 120 were plugged. For such an embodiment using such a support member with slit-shaped openings will be described in more detail below with reference to the 19 to 21 made. The connection 110 between the U-shaped profile 600 and the cooling base plate 120 may again be a solder joint (or a welded joint).

7 shows a schematic side view of another cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. In contrast to the presentation 6 can the retaining elements 105 , which are formed in the above-described figures as thermally conductive ribs, also L-shaped profiles 700 be. The cohesive connection 110 can also again a solder joint with the cooling base plate 120 be.

8th shows a schematic side view of another cooling base plate 120 with cohesively connected holding elements 105 as a rigid cooling structure. In contrast to the previous representations can according to the embodiment of 8th the holding elements 105 consist of flat tubes or stamped sheets. End-side headers or distributors for the supply or discharge of coolants or refrigerants are in 8th not shown. An arrangement according to 8th from directly cooled with cooling medium (coolant) holding elements 105 or in an alternative embodiment as heat pipes (heatpipes) offers the advantage that a strong cooling of the memory cells is possible and at the same time a cooling structure with collecting or distribution pipes can be tightly soldered.

Also, a combination of the embodiments of parts of the invention according to 8th and 4 be realized, as indicated in the schematic side view 9 is reproduced.

10 shows a side view of another embodiment of the invention, wherein now two energy storage elements 130 (or battery cells) between the two holding elements 105 are arranged. The two retaining elements 105 have thermal coupling interfaces 400 according to the in 4 illustrated embodiment. By the representation after 10 it will be seen that the energy storage units 130 can also be cooled only on one side, wherein between the two memory cells 130 the above-mentioned spring element 140 can be arranged. Also, the two battery cells can 130 by a preferably full-surface glued sheet 150 be surrounded, which in turn ensures heat conduction, a flatness and also a sufficient electrical insulation. Such a configuration is in 11 shown as a schematic side view.

Out 12 This effect of the spring element 140 in operation of the holding and cooling device 100 seen. Will the battery cells 130 charged or discharged, these cells can 130 laterally expand or contract by internal chemical processes. By the spring element 140 it is ensured that despite such a lateral expansion or such a lateral contraction sufficient pressure on the memory cells 130 is exercised, allowing a good heat conduction from the surfaces of the storage cells 130 to the holding elements 105 becomes possible.

Alternatively to an embodiment according to 11 in which a cooling of the cooling base plate 120 for example, over soldered pipes 500 takes place, in a further embodiment, a cooling base plate 120 be used in the internal channels 300 for guiding a coolant or refrigerant. Such an embodiment is exemplary by the in 13 illustrated schematic side view reproduced.

Alternatively or additionally, directly cooled elements or components may also be used 1400 the holding elements 105 be provided, for example, have flowed from coolant or form a heat pipe (heat pipe). Such an embodiment is characterized by the in 14 illustrated schematic side view reproduced.

In the embodiments described above, in particular, a one-sided cooling of the memory cells 130 presented. However, it is also possible that according to another group of embodiments, a two-sided cooling of the memory cells 130 he follows. A first embodiment of this group is in 15 reproduced as a schematic side view. The individual battery or storage cells 130 can on both sides of spring elements 140 be surrounded, which are formed for example of a thermally conductive and / or electrically insulating plastic material.

Also, in the spring elements 140 not between the battery cells 130 and the holding elements 105 can be arranged, but also as an intermediate layer in the holding elements 105 be provided. Such an embodiment of the present invention is in 16 reproduced as a schematic side view. In a Verbau the spring elements 140 between different layers of the holding elements 105 These layers of holding elements 105 pressed apart, so that also a sufficient contact pressure between the (outer layers of) holding elements 105 and the energy storage cells 130 ensures good heat conduction. Also, not every single holding element needs 105 the corresponding spring elements 140 but it can alternately holding elements 105 with and without spring elements 140 be provided. By the pressure of the spring elements 140 on both sides can thus also a safe thermal Kontaktie tion of the adjacent battery cells 130 with the corresponding holding elements 105 (Also without the respective spring elements 140 in all retaining elements 105 ) be ensured. Such an alternating arrangement of holding elements 105 with and without spring elements 140 is in 17 shown.

18 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the present invention with one-sided thermal connection of the memory cell 130 to the holding elements 105 , In this case, the holding elements 105 be configured such that they allow a flow of coolant and at a first end of the cooling base plate, a coolant flow via a contact to a manifold 1800 enable. At a second end of the cooling base plate, a coolant outlet via a contact of the holding elements 105 to a manifold 1810 be enabled, leaving a coolant or refrigerant from manifold 1800 via channels in the holding elements 105 to the manifold 1810 is passed and thereby optimal heat dissipation from the battery cells 130 over the holding elements 105 is ensured. Cooling is thus through flowed through elements 1820 in the holding elements 105 ensured.

In the illustrations from the 19 to 21 is the construction of a cooling base plate 120 with materially arranged retaining elements 105 illustrated by way of example. The holding and cooling device to be produced can be used for galvanic cells, in particular Li-ion cells, which are attached to a cooling plate as a holding element 105 are attached, which is materially connected to the heat sink. The cohesive connection between the heat sink and the heat sink improves the heat transfer. The connection between the cooling plate and the heat sink is already made before the cells are assembled. As a result, a cohesive method can be used (for example soldering), which ensures optimal heat transfer. Subsequently, the cells are attached to the cooling plates and are therefore no longer subject to thermal stress.

With the help of an additional component, namely a rake, it is possible to easily produce all the cooling plates without much effort and additional aids, such as elaborate solder racks. The rake serves essentially as a support for the mounting of the cooling plates 105 during the soldering.

The cooling plates 105 are for example at their point of connection to the cooling plate 120 designed with a 90 ° fold. All cooling plates 105 are oriented downwards in a ladder-shaped plate, the rake, hung as they are in 19 is shown. The cooling plate 120 is mounted, for example, from above and soldered the structure (corresponding to the in 20 illustrated procedure). The assembly is rotated after soldering and cooling, leaving the cooling plate 120 located below and the cooling plates 105 sticking out "rake-shaped" upwards. Between the cooling plates 105 then the cells become 130 mounted as shown in the illustration 21 becomes apparent.

The rake is of the shape of a cooler bottom, ie it has passages that thread the cooling plates 105 facilitate and a fixed tolerable division ratio of the cooling plates 105 pretend. The rake itself may be solder plated, but is preferably via a Lotplattierung on the radiator or an intermediate plate, which is also the cooling plates 105 with ties, soldered.

Of the Rake is conveniently considered inexpensive Stamped bending component executed. The rake can also be at his Outline have a turn, so no sharp Protruding edges in the cell direction and thus minimizing the Risk of mechanical damage during insertion result, which cause and electrical breakdowns could.

Instead of soldering, another cohesive method, such as gluing, can also be used. Due to the cohesive connection of the holding elements 105 and the cooling base plate 120 Optimal heat transfer can be achieved without thermal impairment of the cell. At the same time easy manufacturability is ensured.

By the provision of such a "rake" can several effects can be achieved. First, a prescription a fixed division ratio for battery cooling plates will be realized. Furthermore, a Kassettierhilfe and a hold-down for angled cooling plates on a cooling plate allows. After all can simplify by the structure proposed here the necessary soldering frame and a shortening the soldering times by a reduced mass of the soldering device be achieved.

Thus, by the present invention also methods 2200 for producing a holding and cooling device according to the flowchart according to 22 be created, the process 2200 a step of arranging 2210 of a plurality of holding elements on a cooling base plate, wherein a receiving pocket for an energy storage element is formed by at least two holding elements. Furthermore, the method comprises a step of cohesive bonding 2220 the holding elements with the cooling base plate and a further step of providing 2230 a spring element for arranging between the holding elements to contact by a spring force on a holding element or an insertable into the receiving pocket energy storage unit these in the inserted state non-positively with at least two holding elements thermally.

In summary It should be noted that the present invention is a suitable battery cooling concept This also reflects sufficient considerations of manufacturability and strength considered. On the one hand it will be there considered beneficial, the components used for cooling serve (for example, thermally conductive ribs or a cooling medium flowed through components) favorably in one To perform rigid arrangement, as this is the possibility offers the components of complex cooling structures cost-effectively z. B. via a soldering process tight or with good Heat conduction and strength to connect. Furthermore offers the approach presented here is the possibility of the cooling structure as a supporting structure in the strength of the overall battery.

On the other hand, the cells can not be added in the soldering process, ie a subsequent installation of the battery cells should be made possible. After joining, the best possible heat transfer between the cells and the cooling structure consist. This is complicated by the fact that the volume of the cells changes during loading and unloading. As a result, the heat transfer to adjacent components can change significantly.

The Solution presented here therefore provides, battery cells with a rigid cooling structure via spring elements For example, permanently elastic to connect while doing one possible large, preferably vertical surface near the battery surface as an interface (ie separation between battery and cooling structure) use.

The permanently elastic spring elements can, for. B. at one-sided cooling between the battery cells arranged be directly on the surface of the battery cell or arranged on the surface of the rigid cooling structure be.

ever according to the type of battery cell is for cells that no dimensionally stable surface (eg so-called pouch or Coffeebag cells) additionally a dimensionally stable intermediate layer z. B. a thin-walled sheet metal housing between battery and cooling structure proposed. This serves one hand the protection of the battery cell when introduced into the cooling structure, On the other hand, by the design of the form, for. B. by means of insertion bevels or defined attachment points facilitates joining and the desired position to be secured. The dimensionally stable Surface offers advantages in terms of achievable Flatness and thus supports the contact or heat transfer to the cooling structure. On the outside (ie to Cooling structure down) is a Wärmeleitbeschichtung advantageous, on the inside (i.e., towards the battery) is a electrical insulation advantageous.

• a) wärmeleitenden Rippen bestehen, oder aus
• b) einem Kühlmittel führenden Konstruktionssystem, z. B. aus Flach- und Sammelrohren,
• c) aus Wärmerohren (Heatpipes) oder
• d) aus den möglichen Kombinationen von a), b) und c) bestehen.

The solution presented here is independent of the type of heat dissipation in the cooling structure, ie the rigid or dense arrangement produced by means of soldering can be made

• a) thermally conductive ribs exist, or out
• b) a coolant leading construction system, for. B. from flat and collecting pipes,
• c) from heat pipes (heatpipes) or
• d) consist of the possible combinations of a), b) and c).

For the execution of the permanently elastic springs can metallic springs or plastics or plastic foams are used, preferably plastics that conduct heat and are electrically insulating.

Of the Here proposed approach offers several advantages. First a rigid cooling structure can be realized, even if They are made of complex parts such as manifolds, flat tubes, embossed Sheet metal, holders, carrier or spring elements in one Soldering be joined together. Further have soldered cooling structures permanently one good tightness on. Depending on the constructive design have soldered cooling structures in addition also a permanently good thermal conductivity or strength of the components with each other, with soldered cooling structures in high quantities proportionally cost-effectively produced in a series process.

A large area for the unmissable assembly or joining interface between cooling structure and battery cell is beneficial because at the interface normally no cohesive connection can be achieved. A therefore deteriorated heat transfer "k" between Battery and cooling structure may be due to the proportionality of the Heat flow Q ~ k · A by a large Area A can be better compensated.

The Use of the above spring element offers the advantage that one degree of freedom for subsequent installation or removal the battery in the cooling structure available stands. But this spring element still has the further advantage on that by an appropriate vote of the spring element permanently a contact pressure in a certain area between reaches the battery and the cooling structure and thus the Heat transfer can be secured. The heat transfer between improved not materially bonded surfaces As a rule, when touched or larger Contact pressure.

One high contact pressure is particularly helpful because z. B. in vehicles by vibrations or accelerations, due to the high Net weight of the batteries, great forces on these and thus the interfaces are acting, which adversely affect the contact and thus the heat transfer between the battery and cooling structure could affect. Advantageous Therefore, it continues to be that the interface is arranged vertically is. The largest forces or accelerations act in the direction of gravity and thus perpendicular to the contact forces between battery and cooling structure, d. H. the contact forces are not affected or only slightly affected.

Further It should be borne in mind that when electrical and discharging the battery changes the volume of the cells. The spring element is again advantageous to the possible Effects of volume change on heat transfer to keep small at the interface.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102007066944 [0003]
• - DE 10223782 B4 [0004]

Claims (15)

Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) for at least one energy storage unit ( 130 ), wherein the holding and cooling device ( 100 ) comprises: - a cooling base plate ( 120 ) with a plurality of retaining elements ( 105 ), wherein by at least two retaining elements ( 105 ) a receiving pocket for an energy storage unit ( 130 ) is trained; and - at least one spring element ( 140 ), which is designed to act by a spring force on a holding element ( 105 ) or an energy storage unit which can be inserted into the receiving pocket ( 130 ) in the inserted state with at least one retaining element ( 105 ) to contact thermally. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of retaining elements ( 105 ) is arranged such that they form a rigid support structure. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling base plate ( 120 ) by means of a soldering or a weld cohesively with the holding elements ( 105 ) connected is. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the holding elements ( 105 ) are formed by heat-conducting enabled ribs, heat pipes and / or by cooling or refrigerant flow-through flat and / or manifolds. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a plurality of retaining elements ( 105 ) at least one metallic contact surface ( 400 ), which in relation to the cooling base plate ( 120 ) is oriented vertically. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spring element ( 140 ) comprises a plastic material, a plastic foam material, a non-woven or a metal. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the plastic material, the plastic foam material or the nonwoven comprises a heat-conducting and / or an electrically insulating material. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a flat on the holding element ( 105 ) disposable sheet metal ( 150 ) is provided, which is formed in the receiving pocket, a housing for at least one energy storage unit ( 130 ) to build. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the sheet ( 150 ) on a holding element ( 105 ) side of a Wärmeleitmaterial and on one of the energy storage unit ( 130 ) side facing an electrical insulation material. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the sheet ( 150 ) a fold ( 210 ) at a portion of the cooling base plate ( 120 ) is applicable. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the spring element ( 140 ) between two energy storage units which can be arranged adjacent in a receiving pocket ( 130 ) is insertable. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the spring element ( 140 ) between the energy storage unit ( 130 ) and a retaining element ( 105 ) is insertable. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the cooling base plate ( 120 ) is arranged on a support element, which has a plurality of slot-shaped openings, which are arranged in a ladder-shaped manner, wherein the holding elements ( 105 ) are arranged through the slot-shaped openings. Holding and cooling device ( 100 ) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the cooling base plate ( 120 ) is provided with channels for the conduction of refrigerants or refrigerants and / or that the cooling base plate ( 120 ) is arranged in thermal communication with at least one pipe for conducting refrigerants or refrigerants. Procedure ( 2200 ) for producing a holding and cooling device, the method comprising the following steps: - arranging ( 2210 ) of a plurality of retaining elements ( 105 ) on a cooling base plate ( 120 ), wherein by at least two retaining elements ( 105 ) a receiving pocket for an energy storage element ( 130 ) is formed; - cohesive joining ( 2220 ) of the retaining elements ( 105 ) with the cooling base plate ( 120 ); and - providing ( 2230 ) of a spring element ( 140 ) for placing between the holding elements ( 105 ), by a spring force on a Halteele element ( 105 ) or an energy storage unit which can be inserted into the receiving pocket ( 130 ) in the inserted state with at least one retaining element ( 105 ) ther to contact mixed.