CN86108843B - Probe for actual measurement of surrounding rock characteristic curve - Google Patents
Probe for actual measurement of surrounding rock characteristic curve Download PDFInfo
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- CN86108843B CN86108843B CN86108843A CN86108843A CN86108843B CN 86108843 B CN86108843 B CN 86108843B CN 86108843 A CN86108843 A CN 86108843A CN 86108843 A CN86108843 A CN 86108843A CN 86108843 B CN86108843 B CN 86108843B
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- probe
- characteristic curve
- surrounding rock
- cylinder
- rock
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an actual measurement probe for a surrounding rock characteristic curve of a soft rock mass. The probe is buried in a drill hole of a soft rock roadway, and the surrounding rock characteristic curve (cluster) at a certain time can be obtained by carrying out data processing on the surrounding rock deformation induced by the probe. The probe is characterized in that three or more sections of cylinders with the same diameter and different rigidity are used as a shell, and a displacement sensor is arranged in each section of cylinder. The characteristic curve of the surrounding rock made according to the invention is more practical than theoretical derivation and can be directly used for guiding roadway support design. The method can be widely applied to the field of testing the surrounding rock characteristic curve of frozen soil or soft rock.
Description
The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement and test of soft rock rock mass physical character.The invention provides a kind of in engineerings such as mining, civil engineering the special probe to soft-rock tunnel practical measurement ground response curve.
Ground response curve is the relation curve between tunnel-surrounding radial displacement U and the supporting reaction P, also claims the P-U curve.For soft rock, owing to its rheological characteristic, the passing of time, this curve constantly rises.Therefore, a series of ground response curve is just arranged corresponding to the different time, i.e. the P-U set of curves.The P-U curve (bunch) have use value quite widely, especially people pay attention to instructing aspect the roadway support design more.But the actual use of P-U curve up to this point is still few.Reason is that the P-U curve mainly comes from theoretical the derivation, and that theoretical P-U curve representation formula of deriving relates to the soft rock parameter is many, in fact can't quantitatively use, and also bigger with the error of reality.
U.S. Pat-3635076 has proposed a kind of strain sensing device, this device is arranged at foot of hole, and between the tested wall of shell wall that installs and boring, clog expansive cement, pass to shell wall by this filling layer distortion, and the distortion of shell wall is given sensor by the liquid transfer that is full of in the shell wall with tested wall.This device can only be measured radial displacement data in a certain moment in a boring, thereby the ambient stress changing value on the vertical plane that can only calculate and hole, and can not make the relation curve between reflection roadway surrounding rock displacement and supporting reaction.
The 37th～38 page of " geostress survey " (Earthquake Press publishes in March, 1985) book pointed out a kind of coupling probe that is used to measure axial displacement and radial displacement.This probe is measured axial deformation by the mode that the contact is anchored in hole wall, and the radial displacement of hole wall is measured by the sensor that posts foil gauge.Though this probe can determine the axial displacement and the radial displacement of a certain moment hole wall simultaneously in a boring, the space stress state around yet measured data can only be holed in order to calculating, and it is and the irrelevant boring ambient stress of probing shell rigidity (supporting power).Therefore, can't measure required different P, the U data more than three groups or three groups of ground response curve with this probe.
Based on above-mentioned situation, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy practical measurement to go out method and this assay method institute special probe of ground response curve, so that make the P-U curve of measuring more realistic.
In order to realize the measurement method of above-mentioned purpose ground response curve provided by the present invention, realize according to the following steps.Probe is arranged in the boring of soft-rock tunnel, the probe outer wall closely contacts with the boring inwall; The cable of being drawn by displacement transducer in the probe is switched on the static resistance strain gauge.Measure ground response curve institute special probe and contain by housing and displacement transducer and forms, it is characterized in that housing for forming with upper shell, and each saves in cylindrical shell displacement transducer is set by the identical rigidity of external diameter different three joints or three joints.
Country rock involved in the present invention is meant soft rock, and soft rock has viscoelastroplasticity matter.Derive as can be known from the theory of rock mechanics aspect, the ground response curve of soft rock depends on rock mass condition and drift section and size thereof.If one the P-U curve is subject to drift section and size thereof, then this curve does not have the meaning of generality.Therefore, should eliminate the influence of human factor to the P-U curve.At first, the elimination of section configuration influence.Because soft rock has the significant rheological equationm of state, through the rheology of very long time, soft rock is in hydrostatic pressure state or approximate hydrostatic pressure state.Obviously for the soft rock under the hydrostatic pressure state, its most rational supporting section configuration is circular.So the mensuration of ground response curve adopts boring (yes circular cross section) mode, and is only consistent with circular tunnel with regard to section configuration, thereby can eliminate the influence of section configuration to the P-U curve.
Secondly, the elimination of cross dimensions size influence.Make a general survey of the theory of various rheological models and derive, as can be known, radial displacement U is linear with a sheath radius r, i.e. U=rf(P from the expression formula of soft rock P-U curve).U to this formula carries out nondimensionalization processing, i.e. U
*=f(P).The P-U that makes therefrom
*Curve just has comparativity and universal significance.When desiring to ask under the same terms and radius when being known tunnel-surrounding radial displacement only needs U
*Multiply by this tunnel radius r gets final product.Should be pointed out that here rock mass is regarded as isotropic continuous isotropic body; And, on macroscopic view, from the statistics viewpoint, think to be evenly distributed because of the structural plane more complicated of soft rock.
Above theory analysis has been arranged, provide theoretical foundation with regard to the actual measurement of giving ground response curve.To measure the ground response curve probe and be placed in the boring, the outer wall of probe is closely contacted with the boring inwall.Along with the cylindrical shell of the distortion of country rock probe deforms thereupon, promptly pop one's head in and experience the pressure and the distortion of country rock as instrument.Displacement transducer in the probe changes into electric signal with the distortion of cylinder inboard wall and shows with the microstrain form on the static resistance strain gauge through cable.According to shown data, can draw the inwall radial displacement U of cylindrical shell
1According to elastic theory thick cyclinder principle, can draw the radial pressure P on the cylinder body outer wall, promptly
P=E/2(1-μ
2) ·1-K
2/r
1＝r
1/r
2）
In the formula, E, μ are respectively the modulus of elasticity and the poisson's ratio of cylindrical shell; r
1, r
2Be respectively the interior outer radius of cylindrical shell.The P value has been arranged, according to elastic theory and then the radial displacement U that draws cylinder body outer wall promptly:
U=2(1-μ
2)/E·ｒ
2·P(1+K
2/1-K
2-μ/1-μ)
One group of P, U value that sample draws on each joint cylindrical shell of probe have had more than three groups or three groups, and by after making the U nondimensionalization as previously mentioned, just can make the ground response curve in a certain moment.In like manner can make a series of other ground response curves constantly.Can also utilize single board computer directly the electric signal on the displacement transducer to be handled aspect data processing and the mapping.
The present invention is made up of the housing of a conduct sheath and the displacement transducer of induction housing distortion etc. according to above-mentioned ground response curve measurement method institute special probe.According to shown in Figure 1, the housing of probe ((2)～(6)) is made up of the identical front-end element of external diameter (6), cylindrical shell ((3), (4), (5)) and rear end member parts such as (2); Cylindrical shell is to be made up of the cylinder of three joint (can for three joint more than) different-stiffness, and promptly the rigidity of cylindrical shell (3), cylindrical shell (4), cylindrical shell (5) is different.In order to change the rigidity of each joint cylindrical shell, or select the support material of different modulus of elasticity, or the wall thickness that changes cylindrical shell promptly changes the internal diameter of each joint cylindrical shell.Front-end element (6) is sealing and guide effect mainly, and rear end member (2) mainly plays sealing and firm cable (1).In order to eliminate the stiffness variation that combination causes between cylinder (5) and front-end element (6), make the rigidity of front-end element consistent with the rigidity of cylindrical shell (5) as far as possible.In like manner, make the rigidity of rear end member (2) consistent with the rigidity of cylindrical shell (3) as far as possible.Displacement transducer ((7), (8), (9)) is arranged on the middle part of each joint cylindrical shell, is arranged on the middle part of cylindrical shell (4) as displacement transducer (8).Cable on each displacement transducer is drawn by rear end member.Middle part at each joint cylindrical shell can be provided with the displacement transducer of 1～3 different directions, and one of its purpose is in order to prevent that sensor from having damage, and it is two for averaging.Because the probe long period is embedded in the boring of country rock in the process of mensuration P-U curve, for anti-sealing and corrosion should adopt inclusion sealed the housing of popping one's head in, and its material is preferably selected water-proof and anti-corrosive materials such as epoxy resin for use.
The present invention is according to the method for above-mentioned ground response curve, can get rid of many artificial hypothesis also can directly measure in roadway surrounding rock, and the theoretical more approaching reality of deriving of the P-U curve ratio of being measured, thereby this P-U curve can directly be used for instructing roadway support design work.The assay method means of testing of this P-U curve is easy, and the mensuration cycle is shorter.Mensuration ground response curve special probe provided by the present invention has dependable performance, and simple structure is suitable for characteristics such as processing and fabricating.This shows that the present invention has the mensuration of the ground response curve of frozen soil or soft rock in engineering fields such as mining, mine, water power, railway, civil engineerings and applies meaning widely.
One of embodiments of the invention.
Measure the ground response curve special probe according to shown in Figure 1, the housing of probe is made by epoxy resin.The external diameter of housing is 56mm, and internal diameter is 46mm, and the length of each joint resin cylinder is 200mm, and the length of whole housing is 600mm, and rear end member (2) is identical with the epoxide resin material proportioning of cylinder (3), and its modulus of elasticity is E
3=0.35 * 10
3MPa; The modulus of elasticity of epoxy resin cylinder (4) is E
4=0.75 * 10
3MPa; Cylinder (5) is identical with the epoxide resin material proportioning of front-end element (6), and its modulus of elasticity is E
5=6.03 * 10
3MPa.With the epoxy glue bonding, make probing shell form hermetically-sealed construction between the resin cylinder of the front-end element of probing shell, three joint different-stiffness and the rear end member.The resistance-strain chip displacement transducer ((7), (8), (9)) of two mutually perpendicular directions is set in the centre of each joint resin cylinder, and the cable of each sensor (1) is drawn by rear end member and is fixing.According to the resin probe that present embodiment provided, test in No. two underground 80M of mineral ore of flat village mineral bureau's red temple depths.The diameter that probe is arranged at boring is that 56mm, hole depth are 5, the depths of 6M, and the cable of probe is switched to the static resistance strain gauge.According to aforesaid principle make different constantly ground response curve (bunch) as shown in Figure 2.S in the curve shown in Figure 2
1, S
2, S
3Be respectively the characteristic curve (unit of T is the sky among the figure) of cylinder (3), cylinder (4), cylinder (5).
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108843A CN86108843B (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Probe for actual measurement of surrounding rock characteristic curve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108843A CN86108843B (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Probe for actual measurement of surrounding rock characteristic curve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN86108843A CN86108843A (en) | 1988-07-06 |
| CN86108843B true CN86108843B (en) | 1988-12-28 |
Family
ID=4804071
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN86108843A Expired CN86108843B (en) | 1986-12-22 | 1986-12-22 | Probe for actual measurement of surrounding rock characteristic curve |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN86108843B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101936726B (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2012-04-25 | 河海大学 | Waterproof anti-sticking portable probe of sliding inclinometer |
| CN102901474B (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2015-05-20 | 山东科技大学 | A Mining Drilling Micro-displacement Measuring Instrument |
| CN103954228A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High-precision component type optical fiber drilling strain gauge |
| CN104236943B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2017-02-15 | 西南交通大学 | Model test method for obtaining characteristic curve of whole surrounding rock-supporting process |
| CN106482704A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2017-03-08 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of remote measuring and controlling horizontal and vertical displacement meter |
| CN108843396B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2019-10-08 | 华北科技学院 | A kind of top plate disaster monitoring device |
-
1986
- 1986-12-22 CN CN86108843A patent/CN86108843B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN86108843A (en) | 1988-07-06 |
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