CN210584225U - A resource-based clean emission system for coal-fired power plants - Google Patents
A resource-based clean emission system for coal-fired power plants Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
- Y02A50/2351—Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种燃煤电厂的资源化清洁排放系统，利用空气分离过程得到O2、N2和Ar，利用O2作为氧化剂使煤气化制造H2，将H2与N2合成NH3，利用烟气处理过程净化烟气，并回收烟气中的SO2和CO2，所得NH3、SO2和CO2可进一步转变为化肥产品，利用蒸汽锅炉产生蒸汽并发电，利用水处理过程解决水的循环利用，将烟气、水处理产生的污泥及其它过程产生的废催化剂等含有害物质的废渣在固渣处理模块中处理成可制作高级环保建材的玻璃体，并回收重金属，本实用新型中所有的原料只是煤和空气，几乎没有任何废弃物排放，实现节能、环保的处理效果。
The utility model discloses a resource-based clean discharge system of a coal-fired power plant, which utilizes an air separation process to obtain O 2 , N 2 and Ar, utilizes O 2 as an oxidant to gasify coal to produce H 2 , and synthesizes H 2 and N 2 into NH 3. Purify the flue gas by using the flue gas treatment process, and recover the SO 2 and CO 2 in the flue gas. The obtained NH 3 , SO 2 and CO 2 can be further converted into fertilizer products. The steam boiler is used to generate steam and electricity, and the water treatment The process solves the recycling of water. The waste residues containing harmful substances such as flue gas, sludge produced by water treatment and waste catalysts produced by other processes are processed in the solid residue treatment module into glass bodies that can be made into advanced environmental protection building materials, and heavy metals are recovered. All the raw materials in the utility model are only coal and air, and there is almost no waste discharge, and the treatment effect of energy saving and environmental protection is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal fired power generation technical field, more specifically the clean discharge system of resourceization that says so relates to a coal fired power plant.
Background
Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, coal has been used as a global main energy source for hundreds of years, and even after petroleum has replaced coal as a world main energy source, coal remains one of the most important basic energy sources in the world.
From the current state of China, the specific gravity of coal consumption is still higher than 62%, but the development of energy conservation and emission reduction of coal-fired power plants has many problems.
From the aspect of desulfurization: firstly, the sulfur content of actual fire coal is increased, and the design allowance of a desulfurization device is smaller; secondly, the operation performance of the existing desulphurization device is reduced, and the desulphurization efficiency can not meet the national standard requirement; thirdly, because the efficiency of a demister is low in FGD wet desulphurization which is generally adopted at present, the formation of 'gypsum rain' is aggravated after GGH is cancelled.
In the aspect of denitration: one is NO generated by boilerXThe emission concentration is higher, so that the investment and the operation cost of tail SCR denitration are increased; secondly, after the denitration modification of part of boilers, the content of fly ash combustible and CO in the exhaust smoke of the boilers is increased, and the thermal efficiency of the boilers is causedThe rate decreases.
In the aspect of smoke dust: firstly, the existing dust remover is limited by actual fire coal and sites, and most of dust removers are difficult to discharge after reaching standards; and the electric bag dust collector and the like have high operation and maintenance cost and waste filter bags are difficult to treat.
The flue gas emission temperature is as follows: because the flue gas temperature is lower after desulfurization and denitrification, saturated water vapor carries a lot of PM2.5, and the atmospheric quality is seriously reduced.
Therefore, the overall optimization of the pollutant discharge technologies is realized, the resource, integration and cooperative control are formed, and the direction and the practical significance of energy conservation and emission reduction of the coal-fired power plant in the future of China are achieved.
Therefore, providing a clean discharge system for recycling of coal-fired power plants is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a coal fired power plant resource clean discharge system that coal fired power plant generating efficiency is high, the energy consumption is low and pollutant discharge is few.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a clean emission system for recycling from a coal fired power plant, comprising:
an air separation module for filtering dust and impurities in air to separate out O2、N2And Ar;
a gasification module connected with the air separation module for separating water, coal and O separated by the air separation module2Carrying out gasification reaction at high temperature to generate synthesis gas and coal slag;
the dehydrogenation module is connected with the gasification module and is used for separating and purifying the synthesis gas to obtain H2；
A steam power generation module connected with the air separation module and the gasification module respectively for separating solid slag, coal and separation H2The post-synthesis gas is added into O separated by the air separation module2Or the returned flue gas is added with oxygen and combusted to generate ultra-high critical or high or medium criticalThe low-pressure steam drives the steam generator to generate electricity;
the ammonia synthesis module is respectively connected with the air separation module and the dehydrogenation module and is used for purifying the purified H2And separated N2NH is generated under the action of catalyst at high temperature and high pressure3；
The flue gas washing module is used for carrying out primary treatment on the flue gas generated after the fuel of the steam power generation module is combusted, removing dust and heavy metals in the flue gas, and recovering the moisture and heat in the flue gas;
a gas recovery module for absorbing, desorbing, compressing and liquefying the washed flue gas by using a solvent to obtain pure liquid SO2And CO2；
And the water treatment module is used for treating sewage generated by washing the flue gas, the drainage of the steam power generation module and sewage generated in other processes into system circulating water or reclaimed water meeting the discharge standard.
Preferably, the resource clean discharge system takes coal and a gasification product thereof as fuel, pure oxygen or a mixture of pure oxygen and circulating flue gas in a certain proportion is used as a combustion improver, and the flue gas emission is less and does not contain nitrogen oxide. Alternatively, the fuel may be various kinds of coal or other solid fuel, liquid fuel such as heavy oil, and other gaseous fuel.
Preferably, the steam generator is any one of a supercritical type, a full condensing type, a pumping condensing type, and a back pressure type.
Preferably, the dehydrogenation module comprises:
a membrane separator, the synthesis gas being H only2Other components in the synthesis gas are sent to a steam boiler of the steam power generation module to be combusted through a ceramic membrane of the membrane separator;
a compressor connected with the membrane separator for separating H2Compressing to 30-35MPa, outputting and storing.
Preferably, the ammonia synthesis module comprises:
a synthetic ammonia reaction tower for reacting the N2And H2The proportion is 1: 2.8-2.9, and introducing into the synthetic ammonia reaction towerThe pressure in the reaction tower is controlled to be 30-35Mpa, the temperature is controlled to be 450-3；
A refrigerator for discharging NH from the outlet of the reaction tower3Cooling to 20-35 deg.C, and storing under 1.6-1.8 Mpa.
Preferably, the flue gas scrubbing module comprises: the spray tower transfers smoke dust, heavy metals and heat in the flue gas into washing water, the purification washing device discharges the washed and purified flue gas from the top of the tower, the temperature of the flue gas is controlled to be 38-42 ℃, and the washed sewage is sent to the water treatment module from the bottom of the tower.
Preferably, the water treatment module comprises:
an ultrasonic electric flocculator is used for flocculating most suspended matters and ions in the sewage;
a solid-liquid separator for separating flocs in the sewage to form sludge;
the heat pump extracts most of low-temperature water heat by using blow-down water and a small amount of steam discharged by a steam boiler, and exchanges heat with a part of low-temperature water to 95-99 ℃;
the MVC device processes 95-99 ℃ hot water into distilled water by adopting a mechanical evaporation and condensation process, the distilled water is used as make-up water for a steam boiler, concentrated water is used as water for the gasification module, and low-temperature water with heat extracted is used as low-temperature water such as spray water and the like.
Preferably, the system also comprises a solid slag treatment module, wherein the solid slag treatment module is respectively communicated with the flue gas washing module and the steam power generation module, and is used for recovering heavy metals from sludge, smoke dust and solid particles in coal ash separated from sewage at high temperature and processing the heavy metals into glass bodies.
According to the technical solution, compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a clean discharge system of coal fired power plant's resourceization and method utilizes the air separation process to obtain O2、N2And Ar; by using O2Combustion, production of H by coal gasification2(ii) a By means of ammonia synthesis processes, reacting H2And N2Synthesis of NH3(ii) a Purifying flue gas by flue gas process, respectivelyBy using SO2Recovery process and CO2SO in the flue gas is recovered in the recovery process2And CO2NH obtained3、SO2And CO2The waste slag containing harmful substances such as sludge generated by water treatment and waste catalysts generated by other processes is melted at high temperature in a plasma furnace in a solid slag treatment module, and is treated into a glass body capable of manufacturing high-grade environment-friendly building materials, and heavy metals are recovered; the utility model discloses in all raw materials be coal and air only, the product that can export includes N2、Ar、H2、 NH3、SO2、CO2、NH4HCO3、(NH4)2SO4The metal and high-grade environment-friendly building materials also have electric power, and almost no waste is discharged except normal water and nitrogen loss, so that the technical problems of energy conservation, environment friendliness and the like of the resource-based clean discharge of waste of a coal-fired power plant are solved, and the effects of high efficiency and low cost are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a resource clean discharge system of a coal-fired power plant.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
the system comprises a compressed air deep cooling machine, 2-air separation equipment, a 3-coal gasification furnace, a 4-steam boiler, a 5-flue gas circulating fan, a 6-steam generator, a 7-dust remover, an 8-spray tower, 9-water treatment, 10-plasma heavy metal recovery device, and 11-SO2Absorption column, 12-CO2Absorption tower, 13-first fertilizer device, 14-second fertilizer device, 15-hydrogen purification device, 16-ammonia synthesis device and the like, 17-ultrasonic electric flocculator, 18-heat pump, 19-steam condenser, 20-SO2A desorption tower, 21-a first heat exchanger, 22-a first reboiler and 23-SO2Compressor, 24-SO2Refining column, 25-CO2Stripping column, 26-second heat exchanger, 27-second reboiler, 28-CO2Compressor, 29-CO2A refining tower.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the utility model discloses coal fired power plant's clean discharge system of resourceization, because the constitution of coal is complicated, in order to carry out thorough and optimal clean utilization to the coal, the system of this embodiment includes:
an air separation module for filtering dust and impurities in air to separate out O2、N2And Ar;
a gasification module connected with the air separation module and used for separating water, coal and O separated by the air separation module2Carrying out gasification reaction at high temperature to generate synthesis gas and coal slag;
the dehydrogenation module is connected with the gasification module and is used for separating and purifying the synthesis gas to obtain H2；
A steam power generation module which is respectively connected with the air separation module and the gasification module and is used for separating solid slag, coal and H2The synthesis gas is added into O separated by the air separation module2Or the returned flue gas is added with oxygen and combusted to generate ultra-high critical or high, medium and low pressure steam to drive a steam generator to generate electricity;
the ammonia synthesis module is respectively connected with the air separation module and the dehydrogenation module and is used for purifying the purified ammoniaH of (A) to (B)2And separated N2NH is generated under the action of catalyst at high temperature and high pressure3；
The flue gas washing module is used for carrying out primary treatment on the flue gas generated after the fuel of the steam power generation module is combusted, removing dust and heavy metals in the flue gas, and recovering the moisture and heat in the flue gas;
a gas recovery module for absorbing, desorbing, compressing and liquefying the washed flue gas by using a solvent to obtain pure liquid SO2And CO2；
And the water treatment module is used for treating sewage generated by washing the flue gas, the drainage of the steam power generation module and sewage generated in other processes into system circulating water or reclaimed water meeting the discharge standard.
The device is characterized by also comprising a solid slag treatment module, wherein the solid slag treatment module is respectively communicated with the flue gas washing module and the steam power generation module and is used for recovering heavy metals from sludge, smoke dust and solid particles in coal ash separated from sewage at high temperature and processing the heavy metals into glass bodies.
The system takes coal and a gasification product thereof as fuel, uses pure oxygen or pure oxygen mixed with circulating flue gas in a certain proportion as a combustion improver, and has less flue gas emission and no nitrogen oxide. Alternatively, the fuel may be various kinds of coal or other solid fuel, liquid fuel such as heavy oil, and other gaseous fuel.
Specifically, the steam driven power generation process of the steam boiler is used for generating superheated steam, including supercritical, high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure superheated steam, the steam is mainly used for power generation, and heat is used in other processes and the steam can be used during driving; the main fuel of the boiler is coal, and various solid fuels such as coal and the like, liquid fuels such as heavy oil and the like and other gas fuels can be used; the oxidant does not use air, but uses pure oxygen or the pure oxygen is matched with the circulating flue gas, and the matching range is as follows: the oxygen content is 21-100%, which not only meets the requirement of replacing air with 21% oxygen content, but also can properly increase the oxygen content until adopting a total oxygen combustion mode. So that the boiler has NO thermal NOXBy controlling the combustion process, nitrogen-containing substances in the fuel are combusted to produce N2So that the smoke contains almost NO NOXThe smoke gas amount is reduced by 72 to 75 percent compared with the conventional smoke gas amount, and the main component is CO2、H2O, a small amount of O2And SO2And the like.
Adding a small amount of catalyst into coal, pulverizing to obtain coal water slurry, introducing into a gasification furnace, using pure oxygen as oxidant, and controlling H of gasification reaction under high pressure2The highest yield is obtained when the yield of CO and CH is4The yield is high, and when the pressure reaches 23.4Mpa and the temperature reaches 650 ℃, H is added2The yield can reach 199 percent of the H content in the raw material. The synthesis gas is recovered with heat from the waste boiler, the generated steam enters the steam system of the patent to be uniformly allocated and used, and then H is removed2Purifying; the gasified solid slag is directly conveyed to a steam boiler for further combustion, and the coal slag is uniformly treated to become a high-grade environment-friendly building material.
Advantageously, the clean resource discharge system of a coal-fired power plant further comprises: the plunger pump, the compressor, the Roots blower, the product storage tank and other equipment, as well as the computer control system are electrically connected with the modules to coordinate and control the whole process.
As shown in fig. 1, a clean resource discharge method for a coal-fired power plant comprises the following main processes:
the air separation process comprises: filtering dust, mechanical impurities and the like in the air through a filter; compressing air by using an air compressor; the dehydrator removes water in the air; the refrigerator reduces the temperature of the air and liquefies the air; separation tower separates liquefied air into O2、Ar、N2；N2The compressor will N2Compressing; n is a radical of2A refrigerator, mixing N2And (5) cooling and liquefying.
The steam power generation process comprises the following steps: the feeder is connected with the steam boiler and is used for feeding fuel such as coal into the boiler; a burner for combusting other liquid, gaseous fuels; the supercritical, high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure evaporators heat water into superheated steam with different pressures; the economizer recovers the waste heat of the flue gas and reduces the temperature of the discharged flue gas; and a plunger pump for increasing the pressure of the boiler feed water; a draught fan 5 for leading out part of the flue gas and O2Mixing the raw materials according to a certain proportion to be used as an oxidant to form flue gas circulation; a slag discharger for discharging the burned coal slag and recovering heatOr directly discharged to a solid slag treatment module; the combustion control system controls the oxygen consumption according to the steam temperature of the boiler, the oxygen content of the flue gas and the like; the steam generator generates electricity by utilizing steam, and can be any one of supercritical, full condensation, extraction condensation, back pressure and the like, spent steam after power generation is condensed by using circulating cooling water, and the circulating cooling water transfers the recovered latent heat of the steam to the heat pump; the steam generated by the steam boiler can be supercritical, high-pressure, medium-pressure and low-pressure steam, so that the power generation efficiency is improved.
The coal gasification process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of introducing separated oxygen into a mixture prepared from 65-70% of coal with different particle size distributions, 29-34% of water and 1% of chemical additives to react in a gasification furnace to generate high-temperature synthesis gas and coal slag, wherein the reaction condition can be normal-pressure gasification, the pressure is 0-0.35Mpa, medium-pressure gasification, the pressure is 0.7-3.5Mpa, high-pressure gasification, the pressure is 7Mpa, even supercritical gasification and the pressure is 23.4Mpa, then the heat of the synthesis gas is recovered by a waste heat boiler, the temperature of the synthesis gas is reduced to about 130 ℃, and the gasified coal slag is discharged out of the gasification furnace by a slag extractor and discharged to a steam boiler to be continuously combusted (when gasification is incomplete) or directly discharged to a solid slag treatment module (when gasification is complete).
The hydrogen purification process comprises: separation of H by membrane separator2To obtain pure H2The rest gas is sent to a steam boiler for combustion, or conventional purification can be used, wherein heat is recovered firstly, then CO is purified, and then H is purified2Purified H2By means of a compressor, feeding H2Compressing to 30-35Mpa for storage.
The ammonia synthesis process comprises the following steps: the N is2And H2The proportion is 1: 2.8-2.9, introducing into a synthetic ammonia reaction tower, operating at about 30-35Mpa and 450-550 ℃, separating ammonia by a refrigerator, and discharging NH from the outlet of the reaction tower3Cooling to 20-35 deg.C, and storing under 1.6-1.8 Mpa.
Advantageously, the ammonia synthesis process is further provided with a recycle gas compressor for separating NH3The subsequent gas is compressed and then circulated to the inlet of the reaction tower to further prepare NH3The raw materials are fully utilized.
The flue gas washing process comprises the following steps: most of the smoke dust is removed by using a dust remover, and then the smoke dust, heavy metals and heat in the smoke gas are transferred into washing water by using a spray tower; the purification washing device comprises a demister, and the washed and purified flue gas can be discharged from the top of the tower through the demister, and the temperature is about 40 ℃; the spray water pump is used for sending the washing water to the tower top and uniformly spraying in multiple layers in the tower; and the washing water pump is used for sending the washed water to the water treatment module from the tower bottom.
The water treatment process comprises the following steps: an electric ultrasonic flocculator is used for flocculating most suspended matters, ions and the like in the sewage; the solid-liquid separator is used for separating flocculating constituents in the sewage to form sludge, and the sludge is sent to the solid residue treatment module; the heat pump extracts most of heat of the low-temperature water by using boiler blow-down water and a small amount of steam, and exchanges heat of a part of the low-temperature water to 95-99 ℃ so as to be beneficial to the next step of processing the low-temperature water into purified water; MVC device, which processes 95-99 deg.C hot water into distilled water by mechanical evaporation and condensation process with yield of 40-90%, and uses the distilled water as boiler make-up water, concentrated water as coal gasification process water, etc., and uses the low-temperature water with heat extracted as spray water, etc.; in addition, a water storage tank is also arranged for respectively storing sewage, distilled water, concentrated water, spray water, reclaimed water and the like.
The solid slag treatment process comprises the following steps: the feeding device cuts or crushes sludge, smoke dust, coal ash and the like into solid particles with the particle size of 1-5mm, the solid particles are fed into a plasma furnace, a plasma torch is adopted to generate high temperature, raw materials fed into the furnace are instantly melted and even gasified, organic components are thermally cracked, and steam generated by the high temperature is reformed into micromolecular CO and H2、CH4、CO2And discharging the liquid inorganic components out of the plasma furnace through a slag discharger, recovering metals to form a vitreous body, and further producing high-grade environment-friendly building materials by using the vitreous body and furnace slag generated by a boiler.
As shown in figure 1, after air is liquefied by a compressed air deep cooler 1, an air separation device 2 separates liquid air to prepare oxygen, and deep cooling is generally used for preparing oxygen due to large oxygen demand, and nitrogen and argon are obtained at the same time. Alternatively, when the oxygen demand is not too great, or economically allowed, it may be a VPSA oxygen generation plant, a membrane separation plant, when Ar or other inert gas is carried in the oxygen,the increased flue gas quantity and its influence on the subsequent process, SO, should be taken into account2CO in recovered flue gas2At reduced concentrations, the use of CO is required2And concentrating by an absorption desorption device.
O obtained in air separation process2Respectively enter a coal gasifier 3 and a steam boiler 4, and are fed with O2As an oxidant, the coal gasifier 3 heats coal and water to 600-1100 ℃ under the pressure of 0.3-23.4Mpa to generate a chemical reaction to generate synthesis gas, and H is obtained under the conditions of proper operation cost when the pressure is 4Mpa and the temperature is 630-670 DEG C2The number of components is maximum; the fuel of the steam boiler 4 can be other solid, liquid and gas fuel besides coal, and can adopt full oxygen diffusion combustion or oxygen-enriched combustion of smoke circulation to stop N through a proper combustor and a matched combustion control system2The amount of flue gas is reduced by 72-75% compared with the conventional combustion in the combustion process, and tests prove that the pure oxygen diffusion combustion is adopted, so that the fuel is reduced by about 6.28% and the flue gas amount is reduced by about 75% compared with the conventional combustion process. The utility model adopts coal and separation H2The subsequent fuels such as synthesis gas, coal slag and the like adopt a fan 5 to lead smoke to circulate, and the temperature of a hearth in a steam boiler 4 is basically the same as that of a conventional steam boiler, but is more uniform; the steam generator 6 adopts a condensing steam generator, other steam can be extracted from a proper pressure section when steam is needed, and steam from other sources can be injected into a steam system at a proper position; the spent steam after power generation uses circulating water to recover heat in a condenser 19.
The flue gas of the steam boiler 4 is cooled to 110 ℃ after passing through a low-temperature economizer, most of the smoke dust is removed through a dust remover 7 and then enters a spray tower 8, the spray water washes the smoke dust, water vapor, heavy metal and the like in the flue gas, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to 40 ℃, and the flue gas is discharged to SO after passing through a demister2The washing water in the absorption tower 11 is sent to an ultrasonic electric flocculator 17 for treatment, the spray water is from a heat pump 18, and the discharged water of the steam boiler 4 is sent to the ultrasonic electric flocculator 17 for treatment after heat recovery by the heat pump 18.
The ultrasonic electric flocculator 17 collects the sewage generated in the processes of washing water, the drainage of the steam boiler 4 after heat recovery and the like, after flocculation and solid-liquid separation, part of the separated water is used as spray water after heat recovery by the heat pump 18, and after the other part of the separated water is heated to 95-99 ℃ by the heat pump 18, the part of the separated water is treated by MVC9 to be used as water for supplying to the boiler, and the concentrated water generated by treatment is used as water for a gasification module; all the generated sludge is removed to the solid slag treatment module 10.
The solid slag treatment module 10 adopts a plasma furnace to instantly heat the feeding material to 1200-2000 ℃, organic components are thermally cracked and then reformed into micromolecular CO and H by steam generated by high temperature2、CH4、CO2Etc.; other inorganic matters are melted, the liquid inorganic components are discharged out of the plasma furnace, and the glass body is formed after metal is recovered and can be used as a product or a high-grade environment-friendly building material.
SO2The absorption tower 11 is used for absorbing the flue gas and SO2The absorption liquid is reversely contacted in the absorption tower, SO2Is absorbed and the rest CO is2Discharged from the top of the column to CO2Absorption tower rich in SO2The absorption liquid contains SO after the first heat exchanger 21 and regeneration2Heating the absorption liquid to SO with little heat exchange2Desorbing SO in the desorption tower 202Tower top SO2Through SO2The compressor 23 compresses, liquefies and stores the liquid, and the regenerated absorption liquid is cooled to SO from the tower bottom through the first heat exchanger 212The top of the absorption tower 11 is recycled.
CO2SO is absorbed by the absorption tower 122Flue gas and CO at the top of the absorption tower 112The absorption liquid is reversely contacted in the absorption tower, CO2Absorbed, and the rest flue gas is discharged from the tower top to a chimney and is rich in CO2The absorption liquid contains CO after the second heat exchanger 26 and regeneration2Little absorption liquid is heated to CO after heat exchange2In the desorption tower 25, CO is desorbed2Top of tower CO2By CO2The compressor 28 is liquefied and stored in liquid state, and the regenerated absorption liquid is cooled to CO from the tower bottom through the second heat exchanger 262The top of the absorption tower 12 is recycled.
CO2Compressor 28 compresses CO2Compressing to above 5.8Mpa, cooling to below 20 deg.C to obtain liquid, and treating with CO2The refining tower 29 removes impurities and stores.
Advantageously, if SO2The top gas of the absorption tower 11 is CO-removed2More other components are required to enter into CO in sequence2Absorption column 12, CO2A desorption column 25, a second heat exchanger 26 and a second reboiler 27 for recovering concentrated CO2If CO is present2High concentration, and can be directly fed with CO2Liquefied by compressor 28 and passed through CO2The refining tower 29 discharges the non-condensable gas to obtain pure liquid CO2。
The utility model discloses the main process includes as follows:
1. the air separation process will yield N2、O2、Ar，O2Mainly used for participating in the combustion and gasification of coal, N2As raw material for synthesizing ammonia, the excess can be sold as product, N in air2The content of (2) is 79% due to N2Does not enter a hearth to participate in combustion, and does not have NOXThe smoke discharge is reduced by 75% compared with the traditional combustion, convenience is brought to the later-stage smoke treatment, and meanwhile the heat efficiency is improved.
2. The direct combustion of coal and the gasification of partial coal are combined into a combustion process, most of the coal is fed into a boiler to be combusted, the rest of the coal is gasified in a gasification furnace, and the synthesis gas (H) generated by the gasification2+ CO), purified to obtain H2(excess hydrogen can be sold as hydrogen fuel cell clean fuel) N separated from air2Into ammonia synthesis plant to produce NH3And the rest of the incompletely gasified coal and the dehydrogenated synthesis gas enter a boiler to participate in combustion.
3. The sulfur dioxide recovery process, the flue gas discharged by boiler combustion is firstly dedusted, then is cooled by a water scrubber, and the cooled flue gas enters SO2Absorption tower, absorption liquid and flue gas in SO2Countercurrent contact of absorption tower and SO in flue gas2All absorbed and no SO contained2The flue gas is sent to the next process for treatment from the top of the tower and contains SO2The rich liquid is pumped from the bottom of the tower to a desorption tower to desorb SO2，SO2Further purifying by compression liquefaction without SO2The lean absorption liquid is returned to the absorption tower for recycling.
4. Carbon dioxide recovery process with SO removal2The main component of the flue gas is CO2Liquefied by compression and cooling, CO2Purifying and recovering; flue gas CO2At low levels, advanced CO2Absorption tower, absorption liquid and flue gas in CO2Countercurrent contact of absorption tower and CO in flue gas2All are absorbed without CO2The flue gas is discharged from a chimney from the top of the tower and contains CO2The rich liquid is pumped from the bottom of the tower to a desorption tower to desorb CO2And then compressed to liquefy.
5. Production of chemical fertilizer, synthesis of NH produced by ammonia plant3With CO recovered by the carbon dioxide recovery unit2Chemical fertilizer feeding device for generating NH4HCO3NH generated by ammonia synthesis plants3SO recovered by sulfur dioxide recovery device2Chemical fertilizer feeding device for generating (NH)4)2SO4；NH3、CO2、SO2All are liquid, and can be directly sold as a product according to market quotations.
6. In the boiler steam power generation process, steam produced by the boiler drives a steam turbine to generate power, and exhausted steam after power generation is cooled and then enters the boiler for cyclic utilization.
7. In the process of water recycling, flue gas discharged out of a boiler enters a dust remover and then enters a washing tower, the flue gas is further dedusted, water and latent heat in the flue gas are recovered, washing water is subjected to flocculation and solid-liquid separation to remove suspended matters, and clarified water is recycled as spray water after heat is recovered by a heat pump; the cooling water absorbing the latent heat of the exhausted steam after power generation is recycled after heat is recovered by the heat pump; the heat pump is driven by boiler blow-off water and steam to produce 95 ℃ hot water; MVC device produces distilled water as boiler water from 95 ℃ hot water; the excess water is treated to reach the standard for use.
8. In the solid slag treatment process, the fly ash and the sludge enter a plasma furnace to recover heavy metals at high temperature, the rest forms a vitreous body, and the vitreous body and furnace slag generated by a boiler can be produced into building materials for sale.
The utility model discloses all results can all utilize, except normal water and nitrogen loss, almost do not have any discarded object to discharge, consequently solved coal fired power plant's the clean technical problem such as energy-conservation, environmental protection of discharging of discarded object resourceization, and then reach high efficiency, low-cost effect. The recycling clean discharge system of the embodiment can recombine the modules as required to be suitable for coal-fired power plants, oil-fired power plants, gas-fired power plants and waste treatment power plants.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner in the specification, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
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| CN111632456A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 碧海舟（北京）节能环保装备有限公司 | A resource-based clean emission system and method for a coal-fired power plant |
| CN114991945A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-09-02 | 同济大学 | Ammonia fuel engine efficient combustion and near-zero emission system based on internal combustion Rankine cycle and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111632456A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-09-08 | 碧海舟（北京）节能环保装备有限公司 | A resource-based clean emission system and method for a coal-fired power plant |
| CN111632456B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2025-06-17 | 北京碧海能源装备有限公司 | A resource-based clean emission system and method for a coal-fired power plant |
| CN114991945A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-09-02 | 同济大学 | Ammonia fuel engine efficient combustion and near-zero emission system based on internal combustion Rankine cycle and application thereof |
| CN114991945B (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2024-02-27 | 同济大学 | Ammonia fuel engine system based on internal combustion Rankine cycle and application thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20241230 Address after: 100000 Room 338, 3rd Floor, Building B, Hongxianghong Enterprise Incubation Base, Beiqijia Town, Changping District, Beijing Patentee after: Beijing Bihai Energy Equipment Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 100029 7th floor, building 5, Shijijiayuan, 45 xiaoguanbeili, Chaoyang District, Beijing Patentee before: BIHAIZHOU (BEIJING) ENERGY SAVING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |