CN200970898Y - Middle-small size crank slider type automatic dry powder press - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press, which relates to a device for dry press forming of powder products. It is a powder pressing molding equipment for powder metallurgy, cemented carbide, fine ceramics, electronic ceramics, magnetic materials and other industries. The structure includes the box part, the driving part, the transmission mechanism, the pressing part, the demoulding part, the top pressing part, the upper beam part, the feeding part, the hopper material shoe part, and the excess part; the box part includes the column, the box body, the box Cover, respirator, cover, mold base; drive part includes motor, small pulley, large pulley, transmission belt, clutch, reducer; transmission mechanism includes double gear, transmission shaft, left and right large gear, eccentric wheel, sliding Bearings, left and right connecting rods, connecting forks, left and right tie rods, rotary encoders, left half shafts, right half shafts, center rods, T-shaped blocks, worm gear boxes, die reset plates; the pressing part includes main pressure beams, Concave beams, layering bars, pressing cams, pressing sliders, etc.

Description

Small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press

technical field

The utility model discloses a small and medium-sized crank-slider type automatic dry powder press, which relates to a device for dry-pressing powder products. It belongs to special mechanical equipment. It is a powder compacting equipment for industries such as powder metallurgy, cemented carbide, fine ceramics, electronic ceramics, and magnetic materials. Among mechanical powder molding equipment, it is currently a small and medium-sized compacting equipment in my country. , especially the 16-ton fully automatic dry powder press.

Background technique

At present, the driving gear and the drive shaft in the transmission mechanism of medium and small dry powder presses are easily worn by key couplings, and it is difficult to synchronize the two driving gears, which will affect the normal pressing work of the dry powder press and the quality of the pressed product. The upper beam mechanism is provided with a pressure rod. If the pressure rod is plastically deformed by improper use, which affects the normal use of the dry powder press, the pressure rod will be replaced again. At present, the feeding mechanism of medium and small dry powder presses adopts sprockets and chains to drive and feed materials, and the chains will break during the feeding process, resulting in damage to the mold.

At present, disc springs are generally used to realize the top pressure of small and medium-sized dry powder presses. As far as domestic and foreign disc spring manufacturers are concerned, it is difficult to guarantee the elastic coefficient and In this way, the top pressure will be effectively ineffective, resulting in waste products and unnecessary economic losses, and it is more troublesome to replace the disc spring. It is necessary to remove the entire box body and the main pressure beam, which is equivalent to the labor intensity of a major repair, and also Affected the normal work progress of the manufacturer.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of small and medium-sized crank-slider type full-automatic dry powder press in view of the above-mentioned shortcomings. The structure and function design of the press adopts advanced forced concave die floating bidirectional three-time pressing technology, and the machine structure is advanced and reasonable. The geometric dimension accuracy of the pressed product is high, the bulk density distribution of the blank is uniform, and the production stability is good. In the press process, the realization of the reset pneumatic and top pressure pressing mechanism of the concave die is implemented by hydraulic control technology; in order to prevent the blank from layering and micro cracks during demoulding, the protective demoulding is adopted. It is also very convenient to control the feeding of material boots, which is controlled by pneumatic technology; the design of the press attaches great importance to the safety protection of the operator, and can be equipped with a grating safety protection device, with overpressure protection, powder level Detection and die protection; the operation and adjustment of the press is very convenient, and various pressing parameters can be continuously and accurately adjusted quantitatively, and it is programmed, which is convenient for computer management.

The small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press is realized by the following schemes:

The structure of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press includes a box part, a driving part, a transmission mechanism, a pressing part, a demoulding part, a top pressing part, an upper beam part, a feeding part, a hopper shoe part, and an overrun part .

Box part: This part mainly shows the general appearance of the machine tool. This part includes column, box body, box cover, respirator, casing, formwork seat. The internal structure of the box is mainly determined by the components of the machine tool. The box cover is mounted on the box body, and the box cover and the box body are connected by threads. The casing is installed on one side of the box body, the respirator is installed on the uprights, the two uprights are respectively installed on both sides of the box cover, and the formwork base is installed on the uprights. Lubricating oil is installed in the box, and the height of the machine tool is mainly determined to adapt to the mold base. The box body also acts as a lubricating oil tank.

The driving part includes motor, small pulley, large pulley, transmission belt, clutch and reducer. The motor is installed on the motor mounting seat at the rear of the box, the reducer is installed in the side cover of the box, and the clutch is installed on the reducer shaft. Frequency conversion motor output power. The motor is a 3 kW Siemens frequency conversion motor. Transmission goes through small pulley, transmission belt (V-belt), large pulley, clutch to reducer. The belt drive is a one-stage reduction. The worm reducer is a two-stage reduction. This greatly increases torque. The pneumatic clutch protects the machine tool, keeps the machine tool in two states of stop and motion, and prevents the motor from burning out due to excessive torque when the machine is started. It is worth mentioning the role of the large pulley. It not only acts as a driven wheel to achieve deceleration. It can also be used as a flywheel to increase the moment of inertia of the machine tool. This stores energy for the machine. Energy is released when pressing the product. So that the machine tool will not be stuffy when it is in the pressing position.

The belt tensioning mechanism is implemented with a fine-tuning motor mount. The motor adopts B3 installation method. The motor mounting hole is fixed on the mounting base. The motor mounting seat is opened with two waist-shaped slots. Secure the motor with bolts. There are two adjustment seats on the side of the motor. It is fixed on the mount by screws. Screw two M12 screws into the middle of the adjustment seat. Hold against the side of the motor. When the belt needs to be adjusted. Loosen the bolts fixing the motor first, and then screw in the screws on the adjustment seat. Hold the motor until it reaches the position that needs to be adjusted. Finally tighten the bolts. This belt tensioning method is relatively simple in structure. Can greatly save costs.

The transmission mechanism includes double gears, transmission shafts, left and right large gears, eccentric wheels, sliding bearings, left and right connecting rods, connecting forks, left and right pull rods, rotary encoders, left half shafts, right half shafts, and center rods , T-shaped block, worm gear box, die reset board. The transmission shaft is installed on the box body through sliding bearings. The transmission shaft is equipped with double gears. The transmission shaft and the double gears are integrated. The left half shaft and the right half shaft are installed on the box body. On the connecting rod, the eccentric wheel is installed in the sliding bearing. The inner holes of the two eccentric wheels are respectively matched with the left half shaft and the right half shaft. On the main pressure beam, it is connected with the connecting rod through the sliding bearing. The lower end of the central rod is equipped with a die reset plate, the upper part of the central rod is equipped with a worm gear box, and the upper end of the central rod is equipped with a T-shaped block.

The transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism is connected with the output shaft of the reducer, and a double gear is arranged on the transmission shaft. The double teeth mesh with the left and right large gears, and the large gears drive the eccentric wheel to move, and the eccentric wheel forms a slider crank mechanism through sliding bearings, left and right connecting rods, connecting forks, and left and right pull rods. Here the eccentric distance e of the eccentric wheel is just equivalent to the crank length of the slider crank mechanism, the driven rod connected with the slider is equivalent to the left and right connecting rods, and the left and right pull rods are equivalent to the slider. The sliding bearing is equivalent to the hinge. The upper end of the tie rod is connected with the upper beam. The upper beam is connected to the upper connecting plate of the formwork, and then connected to the upper punch of the mold. So the action of the pull rod is consistent with the action of the upper punch. And what the other end of connecting fork is connected is main pressure beam, and the action of main pressure beam, pull bar, upper beam is all consistent like this. However, the trajectory of the terminal slider of the slider-crank mechanism changes with time as a cosine curve. In this way, the trajectory of the upper beam and the main pressure beam is also a cosine curve. Let the curve be 0° at the highest point, and the angle at the lowest point be 180°. In this way, one cycle of the machine is 360°. The rotary encoder is installed on the right semi-axis, and the rotary encoder is installed on the right semi-axis. Its function is to measure the angle of the machine at any time, which is convenient for people to control the machine. The left end of left half shaft is connected feeding cam.

Associated parts on the central rod of the transmission part: the upper end of the central rod and the adjustment of the worm gear box are connected by screws. The structure of the worm gear box is shown in the E-E sectional view, which is the locking part of the worm. A worm gear with a worm mesh is the standard gear. The lower end of the gear has internal and external threads, which are left-handed and right-handed respectively. External thread and central rod thread match. Internal thread and T-block thread match.

What the lower end of center bar is connected is die reset plate, and the left and right ends of die reset plate connects two reset cylinders with joint bearing, and reset cylinder is hanged on the bottom of casing in reverse. The reset cylinder here not only plays the role of die reset, but also has an important function to prevent the die from rebounding when pressing the position. When the machine is running to the pressing position, that is, 180°. The press support cam has almost turned over the press slide. And the demoulding has not started yet. Of course, the most ideal method is that the pressing support cam just turns over the pressing slide block, and at the same time, the demoulding just starts. This way there will be no rebound problems. In fact this situation is impossible to satisfy. Because when the demoulding stroke changes, the demoulding angle also changes accordingly. And the end point of pressing remains unchanged, so even if the demoulding stroke is 10mm, the above-mentioned situation is satisfied. It is impossible to still meet the requirements when the demoulding stroke is 20mm. And when the die rebounds, it is very unfavorable to the compression molding. It may cause cracks in the parts, and even damage the mold in severe cases. It is possible to have such consequences, it is necessary to prevent the die from rebounding in the pressing position. The usual method is to add a stop plate on the central rod and use a stop roller to prevent rebound. What is used here is to use the reset cylinder to prevent the die from rebounding. Here it is another effect of reset cylinder. As mentioned earlier, the lower cavity of the reset cylinder is ventilated all the time. The upper chamber is opened between 160°-220°, which is controlled by a two-position three-way valve here. When the valve is opened, the upper cavity of the cylinder begins to ventilate. Through the adjustment of the pressure reducing valve (slightly smaller than the air pressure in the lower chamber), the pressure in the upper and lower chambers is balanced. This serves the purpose of preventing the die from bouncing back.

The guide plate has two effects, one is as the guide of the central rod, preventing the central rod from rotating. The second is to prevent the demoulding seat from rotating.

The pressing part includes main pressing beam, concave beam, pressing bar, pressing cam, pressing slide block, adjusting shaft, worm wheel, worm, worm shaft, large gear, pressing stroke block, pressing bracket. The concave beam is installed on the center rod, the bead is installed between the main pressure beam and the concave beam, the pressing cam is installed on the large gear, the pressing slider is installed on the concave beam, the adjustment shaft is installed on the box, and the adjustment shaft is used to adjust Press the stroke.

The general drawing of the pressing part shows the pressing realization method and adjustment of the machine. The suppression principle has been mentioned above, see attached picture 1, here mainly introduces the suppression realization method of the machine:

The action of the main pressure beam is described in the transmission mechanism, which realizes the parameters of the cosine curve with the action of the eccentric wheel, and is transmitted to the upper beam through the connecting fork and pull rod, so that the action of the upper beam is consistent with it. There is a distance between the main pressure beam and the concave beam, but this distance is less than twice the eccentric distance e of the eccentric wheel, which will inevitably cause the main pressure beam to press the concave beam when it does not reach 180°. That is, the die is fixed, so that the main pressure beam will press the concave beam and walk down a certain distance. This distance is the synchronous pressing stroke. What you see on the machine tool is that the lower punch and the die move downward together. It is formed by the consistent action of the main pressure beam and the lower punch, and the consistent action of the concave beam and the die. This enables the so-called forced pressing of the die float.

When the synchronous pressing ends, the pressing slider just presses on the pressing cam, then the concave beam is fixed, and the machine just reaches 180°, this position is fixed relative to the machine tool, and the pressing ends (pressing when there is no top pressing) . The bead is to adjust the gap between the pressing cam and the pressing slider to ensure that the pressing slider just touches the pressing cam at 180°, and the bead is ground after measuring the gap during assembly.

The pressing stroke of the machine tool here is adjustable, and the adjustment method is realized by changing the distance between the main pressing beam and the concave beam. When the distance between them is reduced, it means that the main pressure beam presses the concave beam in advance, and the position of the end of pressing remains unchanged relative to the machine tool, which is equivalent to increasing the pressing stroke.

Mechanically, it is realized in this way: turn the adjustment shaft to rotate the driving gear and the gear, and at the same time drive the worm shaft to rotate. The adjustment rod is driven by the worm gear pair. There is a section of thread M30X2 on the adjustment rod, which is equipped with a pressing stroke block. The limit of the bracket does not rotate with the adjustment lever, so that the pressing stroke block will move up and down relative to the concave beam, and the upper limit of the concave beam is realized by pressing the pressing stroke block, so the upper limit of the concave beam also follows the pressing The movement of the stroke block changes, that is, the distance between the main pressure beam and the concave beam is adjusted, and the pressing stroke is adjusted.

The demoulding part includes an adjustment shaft, two bevel gears, a long shaft, a gear, a large gear, a demoulding beam, a demoulding cam, and a demoulding slider. The large gear and the demoulding beam are connected by a connecting block (Huff), the internal thread of the large gear matches the external thread of the central rod, the demoulding cam cooperates with the demoulding slider, and the demoulding slider is installed on the central rod , the gear is connected with the long shaft through a key, the gear is matched with the large gear, and a bevel gear is arranged on one end of the long shaft, which is matched with the bevel gear on the adjusting shaft.

The function of the demoulding part is mainly to adjust the product demoulding stroke, the mechanical principle of the demoulding stroke:

Rotate the adjustment shaft, and drive the long shaft to rotate through the meshing of two bevel gears. The gear is connected to the long shaft through a key, and drives the big gear through gear transmission. The internal thread of the center rod is matched with the external thread of the central rod. The second function of the guide plate mentioned above is to prevent the demoulding beam from rotating, so that the demoulding beam will not rotate with the large gear, and because of the thread connection, the demoulding beam will not rotate. The mold beam slides up and down relative to the center rod, and the demoulding slider is fixed on the demoulding beam through a dovetail connection. At about 230°, the demoulding cam contacts the demoulding slider, and the demoulding slider is pressed down, and the demoulding beam also moves downward. When it reaches about 300°, the cam reaches its far rest point, that is, demoulding maximum position. Then the die cam rotates through the maximum value, and the demoulding ends. The die starts to reset due to the action of the reset cylinder. Adjusting the position of the demoulding beam relative to the central rod is to adjust the demoulding stroke. When the demoulding beam moves upward relative to the central rod, it is equivalent to demoulding in advance, and the demoulding stroke increases, and vice versa.

The pressing mechanism includes a pressing piston, a gas-hydraulic cylinder, a valve plate, and a pressing adjustment mechanism. The valve plate is equipped with a gas-liquid bag, an overflow valve, a pressure gauge and a one-way valve. The air-hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the main pressure beam, the oil inlet of the air-hydraulic cylinder is connected with the oil outlet of the valve plate through the oil pipe, and the top pressure piston and piston rod are installed in the oil cylinder.

The gas-liquid package structure has a gas-liquid tank, and hydraulic oil is installed in the gas-liquid tank. The air port is connected with the air source (air compressor) through the pipeline, the oil outlet is connected with the oil inlet of the valve plate through the pipeline, and a hydraulic pipeline is arranged in the valve plate.

The overflow valve is installed on the valve plate and communicates with the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate. The overflow valve is the oil return valve of the top pressure system. The inlet of the overflow valve is connected with the oil cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline in the valve plate. The outlet of the valve communicates with the gas-liquid bag through the hydraulic pipeline in the valve plate.

The one-way valve is installed on the valve plate, the inlet of the one-way valve is connected with the oil outlet of the gas-liquid bag through the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate, the outlet of the one-way valve is connected with the oil cylinder through the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate, and the pressure gauge The device is connected on the valve plate with the oil outlet of the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate.

The above mentioned is the principle of no top pressure pressing. When there is top pressure pressing, the top pressure piston moves downward, which is greater than the thickness of the bead. At this time, in the process of synchronous pressing, it is not the main pressure beam that presses the concave beam, but It is the top pressure piston on the main pressure beam that presses the concave beam. Since the piston force is much greater than the lower cavity force of the reset cylinder, the top pressure piston will not retract. When the pressing slider presses the pressing cam, the concave beam will no longer go down. Movement, the mechanical force inside the machine is much greater than the piston force. At this time, the piston retracts, and the main pressure beam moves downward for a certain distance. This distance is the top pressure stroke.

The specific implementation method is as follows: In fact, the top pressure piston is connected to the hydraulic oil, and then leads to the hydraulic valve plate outside the box through the hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic valve plate is equipped with a check valve and an overflow valve, and the hydraulic oil leads to the gas-liquid cylinder , powered by air pressure. The setting pressure of the overflow valve is 8Mp, and the diameter of the piston is 70mm. In this way, the control pressure of the overflow valve is much greater than the force of the die reset cylinder. During the above synchronous pressing, the piston does not retract due to the hydraulic pressure. When it reaches the pressing position , the hydraulic pressure is less than the pressing force of the machine tool. At this time, the overflow valve is opened, the hydraulic oil returns to the gas-liquid bag through the pipeline, the piston retracts backward, and the upper punch continues to go down, thus realizing the top pressure.

The top pressure adjustment mechanism includes adjustment shaft, gear, shaft, sprocket, bevel gear, long shaft, adjustment gear, top pressure adjustment body, rotating the adjustment shaft, driving the gear, the shaft key is connected to the sprocket, and is transmitted to the small shaft through the chain , the other end of the small shaft is connected to the bevel gear, which is transmitted to the long shaft through the gear pair. The cross section of the long shaft is square, and a square hole is also cut on the gear seat. 1. The adjustment gear is fixed by screws, so that when the long axis rotates, the three will be driven to rotate together. The thread on the top pressure regulating body cooperates with the thread on the main pressure beam, so that the top pressure regulating body will move accordingly. Its stroke is 6mm, so the top pressure stroke is also 6mm, and the bridge gear plays a transitional role, which is a bridge connecting the left adjustment gear and the right adjustment gear.

The upper beam part includes an upper beam, a piston, a sleeve, a hydraulic pad piston, a worm shaft, a worm gear, and an adjustment motor. The piston is installed in the sleeve, the sleeve is installed on the upper beam, the hydraulic pad piston is installed on the upper part of the sleeve, the adjusting motor is installed on the side of the upper beam, the worm shaft and the worm gear are installed on the upper beam, and the output shaft of the adjustment motor passes through a pair of Bevel gear drive worm shaft.

The upper beam is connected with the main pressure beam through the tie rod, and the piston is connected with the upper punch through the screw. The piston plays the role of protecting the demoulding. The sleeve is equivalent to the cylinder body of the cylinder. At 0°-180°, the air in the lower chamber of the cylinder , the upper punch is at the upper limit. When the machine runs to 180°, the upper cavity of the cylinder is air-intake, and the upper punch has a tendency to move downward. When the upper beam moves upward, the upper punch will always press the blank , until the demoulding is completed, at this time, the upper punch of the air intake in the lower cavity of the piston returns to the upper limit. After the protective demoulding step is completed, the upper end of the piston is connected to the hydraulic cushion piston, and the upper end of the hydraulic cushion piston seals the hydraulic oil. The function of the hydraulic cushion is to protect the upper punch. When the pressing force is too large or the car is stuffy, turn the screw , release the hydraulic pressure, and the upper punch retracts, so that the car can be turned back. The nut plays the role of adjusting the preload.

The stroke of the upper beam can also be adjusted. Rotate the worm shaft to drive the worm gear to rotate. The internal thread of the worm gear matches the external thread of the sleeve, but the sleeve does not rotate, so that the sleeve moves up and down relative to the upper beam. Its adjustment stroke is 70mm.

The feeding mechanism includes a pressing cylinder, a long arm, a feeding arm, and a feeding cam. One end of the pressing cylinder is fixed on the long arm, the other end is fixed on the column, the feeding arm is connected with the long arm, the feeding cam is installed on the half shaft, and the feeding arm is connected with the feeding cam through the pressing roller.

Press the feeding cam through the feeding arm, so that as the cam rotates, the feeding arm swings up and down, the long arm and the feeding arm are fixed on the shaft, so the long arm also swings left and right, and the pressing cylinder makes the pressing roller and the feeding cam always in contact . The rotation speed of the feeding cam is the same as that of the main shaft, which ensures the synchronization of feeding.

The hopper material shoe part includes a hopper, a material shoe, a material tube, a material shoe compression cylinder, and a feed rod. One end of the feeding shoe pressing cylinder is fixed on the bed and the other end is connected with the feeding rod, and the front end of the feeding rod is connected with a feeding shoe. The main function of this part is to load and feed powder. The powder is loaded on the hopper, flows into the feeding shoe through the feeding tube, pushes the feeding shoe into the die cavity through the feeding of the feeding cam, and then the powder flows into the die from the feeding shoe. Die cavity, after the material is filled, the material shoe is returned, and the feeding step is completed.

The material shoe pressing cylinder is a single-acting cylinder, and the upper cavity is always ventilated, so that the material shoe always presses the concave formwork to prevent powder leakage.

The underrunning mechanism comprises an underrunning cylinder, a lever, a lever bracket and a roller. The over-under cylinder is installed on the lever through the joint bearing. The lever is installed on the lever bracket. block connections.

The overrun mechanism is mainly to realize the overrun, the underrun cylinder, 100 cylinder diameter, FESTO DNC standard cylinder, installed on the lever through the joint bearing, the lever is installed on the lever bracket, fixed on the box by screws, and the roller Press on the pressing travel limit rod, because the pressing travel limit is realized by pressing the limit block, and the pressing limit rod is threaded with it, and the pressing limit rod limits the pressing stroke. The lever mechanism is mainly to amplify the effect of force. Because the lower cavity of the die reset cylinder is always ventilated, and the die cavity is pressed downward during synchronous pressing, so in order to achieve overshoot, the force generated by the overrun cylinder must be greater than the force of the die reset cylinder and the powder during synchronous press. The friction force of the material on the die, this set of lever mechanism can generate 3 times the torque, which can meet the requirements.

Over and under charge includes over charge and under charge. The main function of overfilling is to make the powder evenly loaded. When the material shoe is filled with powder in the die cavity, the die shakes up and down once, and the material shoe is returned to play the role of vibrating the powder; the main function of underfill is Prevent powder from dusting, and prevent powder from overflowing when the upper punch just touches the powder. The understroke stroke is 5mm, and the stroke is adjustable.

The small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press is equipped with a pneumatic part, a lubricating part, an electrical control box, etc.

The pneumatic part is mainly used in the pneumatic clutch, material shoe control, material shoe compression, over-under cylinder, pre-load cylinder, die reset cylinder, and the rest are used on the mold base.

Lubrication part: The lubrication of the machine tool is lubricated by forced spray type thin oil. The lower half of the box is used as the oil tank, and a three-phase motor and gear pump are used to connect the oil filter, oil suction filter and pressure transmitter. Bachel's product. The pressure transmitter is to stop the alarm when the filter is blocked and the pressure is too high, so as to protect the motor and pump.

The small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press is a special molding equipment with high technological content, which integrates machine, electricity, hydraulic, gas and computer control. It is suitable for a wide range of industries, and is 1/3 to 1/4 cheaper than foreign products of similar machines, and has broad market prospects.

Working principle of small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press:

First install the mold on the mold base, adjust the motor of the transmission part, the motor drives the drive shaft to rotate through the worm gear reducer and the transmission belt, and drives the eccentric wheel, connecting rod and guide rod through the transmission gear, and the guide rod drives the upper beam up and down Movement, thereby driving the upper T-shaped connector to move up and down, and complete the work of pressing the blank.

Feeding work: At the same time, the demoulding cam installed on the inner side of the transmission gear pushes the demoulding slider, which drives the demoulding beam to move up and down. When it moves down, it is demoulding movement. The shape connector drives the lower formwork of the beam, the lower guide column of the formwork, and the concave formwork to move to complete the demoulding work. When the demoulding cam rotates from the far stop to the near stop, the reset cylinder installed before and after the demoulding crossbeam pushes the demoulding crossbeam upwards to the loading position under the pressure of compressed air.

The transmission large gear drives the speed change gear set of the feeding part to make the feeding cam rotate synchronously. The roller installed at one end of the feeding arm is under the force of the feeding cylinder to make the roller always rotate along the outer edge of the feeding cam. During the rotation of the feeding cam, the roller drives the long The arm swings, and the feeding rod moves back and forth to drive the material shoe to complete the work of feeding and pushing the billet. The push billet is to push the pressed billet.

Upper beam part: when the guide rod moves up and down, the upper beam moves up and down, and when the upper beam moves down, the pneumatic piston rod of the cylinder block installed on the upper beam drives the upper T-shaped piece to move down and press into Die, the pressure pistons in the two pressure oil cylinders installed on both sides of the upper beam force the concave plate to move downward synchronously on the concave plate to complete the pressing work of the lower die punch.

The hydraulic cushion piston installed in the cylinder above the upper crossbeam is connected to the upper T-shaped piece of the pneumatic piston rod during the pressing process of the cylinder. The piston moves upward to increase the oil pressure, and the pressure is displayed by the pressure sensor. When the dry powder press is overpressured, the pressure in the oil cylinder can be removed to eliminate faults and play a role of safety protection.

Features of small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press:

The transmission part is changed from the original driving gear connected by key to double series teeth, so that the gear and the shaft are processed together as a whole to ensure the synchronization of the two gears; the adjustment of the original lower T-shaped lock nut is changed to the worm adjustment, which is more convenient to operate; Cancel the stop function of the stop plate, the stop adopts the double cavity of the cylinder to enter the balance gas, so that the structure is simpler and the cost is reduced; It is convenient and has a long service life; the upper beam is adjusted by a motor, which is more convenient to operate and the adjustment is accurate. The pressure rod is changed to a hydraulic cushion, which can relieve the pressure and protect the machine in case of overpressure or stuffy car; the feeding part is changed from a sprocket to a feeding The cam is directly driven, and the cam is made on the half shaft, and a rotary encoder is added to the other shaft, so that the structure is simple and reliable; the hopper shoe is pressed by a spring instead of a cylinder, which is reliable in design, uniform in strength and long in life.

The structure and function design of the press adopts the advanced forced die floating two-way three-way pressing technology, the machine structure is advanced and reasonable, the geometric dimension precision of the pressed product is high, the bulk density of the blank is evenly distributed, and the production stability is good. The speed regulation of the press can adopt frequency conversion speed regulation technology, and the industrial controller PLC is used for program control. The input of the signal is mainly controlled by the angle input of the rotary encoder, with high control precision and accurate positioning; during the process of the press, the reset and The realization of the top pressure pressing mechanism is implemented by hydraulic control technology; in order to prevent the blank from layering and the generation of micro-cracks during demoulding, the protective demoulding technology is adopted, and the control of feeding the material shoe is also very convenient. On the one hand, it is controlled by pneumatic technology; the design of the press attaches great importance to the safety protection of the operator, and it can be equipped with a grating safety protection device, with overpressure protection, powder level detection and die protection; the operation adjustment of the press is very Convenience, various pressing parameters can be continuously and accurately quantitatively adjusted, and it is programmed, which is convenient for computer management. This equipment is a special molding equipment integrating machine, electricity, liquid gas and computer control.

The press adopts the two-way forced pressing mechanism with the lower punch fixed and the die floating, so the movement curve of the press is an organic combination of the movement curve of the upper punch and the die. Figure 1 depicts a schematic diagram of the basic two-way forced pressing. Each working step can correspond one by one on the pressing curve.

Since the movement of the upper punch of the press is caused by the slider crank mechanism, the movement curve of the upper punch is a simple chord curve. The movement curve of the die is more complex, which can be divided into several stages such as filling position, underfilling position, synchronous pressing, demoulding, and reset. Because the lower punch is fixed on the die base, its motion curve is a horizontal straight line.

Description of drawings

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the basic pressing procedure of a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the box part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 3 is a left side view of the box part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 4 is a front view of the driving part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 5 is a top view of the driving part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the transmission part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the central rod related parts of the transmission part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the structure of the central rod related parts of the transmission part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure E-E of the central rod related parts of the transmission part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the pressing part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the pressing part A-A of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram in the B direction of the pressing stroke block part of the pressing part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the demoulding mechanism of a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the demoulding mechanism of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the top pressing part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the top pressure adjustment mechanism of the top pressure part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic valve plate of the top pressure part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the upper beam of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Figure 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper beam part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 20 is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment motor adjustment part of the upper beam part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the worm gear adjustment structure of the upper beam part of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism of a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 23 is a partial schematic diagram of the hopper shoe of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of the overrun mechanism of a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of a small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press.

Labels in the accompanying drawings: 1, box body, 2, column, 3, formwork seat, 4, cover, 5, box cover, 6, respirator, 7, motor, 8, motor mounting seat, 9, adjustment seat, 10, reducer, 11, large pulley, 12, clutch, 13, transmission belt, 14, small pulley, 15, transmission shaft bearing, 16, double gear, 17, transmission shaft, 18, left large gear, 19, left half Shaft, 20, eccentric wheel, 21, left connecting rod, 22, left connection fork, 23, left tie rod, 24, right tie rod, 25, right connection fork, 26, right connecting rod, 27, right large gear, 28, right Half shaft, 29, rotary encoder, 30, eccentric wheel, 31, sliding bearing, 32, transmission shaft bearing, 33, center rod, 34, guide plate, 35, die reset plate, 36, joint bearing, 37, reset Cylinder, 38, T-shaped block, 39, worm gear box, 40, worm gear, 41, worm screw, 42, worm screw, 43, worm gear, 44, large gear, 45, worm shaft, 46, gear, 47, adjustment shaft, 48, Driving gear, 49, main pressure beam, 50, layering bar, 51, concave beam, 52, pressing cam, 53, pressing slide block, 54, adjusting lever, 55, pressing stroke block, 56, pressing bracket, 57, demoulding cam , 58, stripping beam, 59, side block, 60, large gear, 61, stripping slider, 62, gear, 63, bevel gear, 64, adjustment shaft, 65, long shaft, 66, top pressure piston, 67, gas-liquid cylinder, 68, top pressure regulating body, 69, long axis, 70, gear seat, 71, adjustment gear, 72, rotation adjustment shaft, 73, gear, 74, shaft, 75, sprocket wheel, 76, chain , 77, small shaft, 78, bevel gear, 79, bridge gear, 80, adjusting gear, 81, oil level indicator, 82, valve plate, 83, overflow valve, 84, one-way valve, 85, gas-liquid cylinder , 86, pressure gauge, 87, hydraulic cushion piston, 88, upper beam, 89, piston, 90, upper punch, 91, nut, 92, sleeve, 93, adjusting motor, 94, bevel gear, 95, worm shaft , 96, worm gear, 97, screw, 98, compression cylinder, 99, long arm, 100, shaft, 101, feeding arm, 102, feeding cam, 103, compression roller, 104, hopper, 105, material tube, 106 , Feeding rod, 107, material shoe compression cylinder, 108, material shoe, 109, undershoot cylinder, 111, lever, 112, roller, 113, lever support.

Detailed ways

Referring to attached drawings 1 to 25, the structure of the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press is mainly divided into ten parts: box part (attached drawings 2 and 3), driving part (attached drawings 4 and 5), transmission mechanism ( Accompanying drawing 6, 7, 8, 9), pressing part (accompanying drawing 10, 11, 12), demoulding part (accompanying drawing 13, 14), top pressing part (accompanying drawing 15, 16, 17), upper beam part (accompanying drawing 18,19,20,21), feeding part (accompanying drawing 22), hopper material shoe part (accompanying drawing 23), excessive amount part (accompanying drawing 24).

Box part (see attached drawings 2 and 3): This part mainly shows the general appearance of the machine tool. This part comprises column 2, casing 1, case cover 5, respirator 6, casing 4, formwork seat 3 etc. The internal structure of the box body 1 is mainly determined by the components of the machine tool. The case cover 5 is installed on the casing 1, and the case cover 5 and the casing 1 are connected by threads. Cover case 4 is contained in casing 1 one side, and respirator 6 is contained on the column 2, and two columns 2 are installed on case cover 5 both sides respectively, and formwork seat 3 is contained on the column 2. The respirator 6 is provided with a ventilation port and an air filter layer, so that the column, the inside of the box and the outside of the dry powder press are ventilated during the pressing process. Lubricating oil is installed in the box, and the height of the machine tool is mainly determined to adapt to the mold base. Casing body 1 also has an effect and is to serve as lubricating oil tank.

Driving part (see accompanying drawing 3, 4): driving part comprises electric motor 7, motor mount 8, small pulley 14, large pulley 11, transmission belt 13, clutch 12, speed reducer 10, and electric motor is installed in casing 1 rear side motor installation On the seat 8, the reducer 10 is installed in the side cover 4 of the box body 1, the clutch 12 is installed on the reducer shaft, and the power is output by the frequency conversion motor. The motor uses a 3 kW Siemens frequency conversion motor. Transmission passes through small pulley 14, transmission belt (V-belt) 13, large pulley 11, clutch 12 to speed reducer 10. Choose Huashengchang worm gear reducer. Speed reducer 12 selects Huade pneumatic clutch for use. The belt drive is a one-stage reduction. The worm gear reducer is a two-stage reduction. This greatly increases torque. The pneumatic clutch protects the machine tool, keeps the machine tool in two states of stop and motion, and prevents the motor from burning out due to excessive torque when the machine is started. It is worth mentioning the role of the large pulley. It not only acts as a driven wheel to achieve deceleration. It can also be used as a flywheel to increase the moment of inertia of the machine tool. This stores energy for the machine. Energy is released when pressing the product. So that the machine tool will not be stuffy when it is in the pressing position. The respirator is provided with ventilation holes, air filter layer

The belt tensioning mechanism of the driving part is realized by a fine-tuning motor mount. The motor 7 adopts the B3 installation method. The motor mounting hole is fixed on the motor mount 8. And motor mounting seat 8 is to have opened two waist-shaped grooves. Secure the motor with bolts. There are two adjustment seats 9 on the side of the motor 7 . It is fixed on the mount by screws. Two M12 adjustment screws 10 are screwed into the middle of the adjustment seat. Hold against the side of the motor 7. When the drive belt needs to be adjusted. First loosen the bolts that fix the motor, and then screw the adjusting screw 10 on the adjusting seat 9. Until it reaches the position that needs to be adjusted against the motor. Finally tighten the bolts. This belt tensioning method is relatively simple in structure. Can greatly save costs.

Transmission mechanism (see accompanying drawing 6,7,8,9): transmission mechanism comprises duplex gear 16, power transmission shaft 17, left and right large gear 18,27, eccentric wheel 20,30, sliding bearing 31, left and right coupling Rod 21,26, left and right connecting forks 22,25, left and right pull rods 23,24, rotary encoder 29, left half shaft 19, right half shaft 28, central rod 33, T-shaped block 38, worm gear box 39, Die reset plate 35. The transmission shaft is installed on the box body 1 through the sliding bearings 15 and 32, the transmission shaft is provided with a double gear, the transmission shaft and the double gear are integrated, the left half shaft and the right half shaft are installed on the box body, and the sliding bearing is inlaid On the left and right connecting rods, the eccentric wheels are installed in the sliding bearings, the inner holes of the two eccentric wheels are matched with the left half shaft and the right half shaft respectively, and the left and right large gears are respectively installed on the inner bushings of the two eccentric wheels , the connecting fork is mounted on the main pressure beam and connected with the connecting rod through a sliding bearing. Die reset plate 35 is equipped with at the center rod 33 lower ends, and worm gear case 39 is equipped with at the center rod 33 tops, and T-shaped block 38 is equipped with at the center rod 33 upper ends.

Accompanying drawing 6 shows the main drive of the machine. The transmission shaft mentioned above is connected with the output shaft of the reducer, and the transmission shaft is provided with a duplex gear 16 . Duplex gear 16 meshes with left and right large gears 18 and 27 respectively, and left and right large gears 18 and 27 respectively drive eccentric wheels 20 and 30 to move, and eccentric wheels 20 and 30 pass through sliding bearings 31, left and right connecting rods 21, 26, left and right connecting forks 22,25, left and right pull rods 23,24 have formed a slider crank mechanism. Here the eccentric distance e of the eccentric wheel is just equivalent to the crank length of the slider crank mechanism, the driven rod connected with the slider is equivalent to the left and right connecting rods, and the left and right pull rods are equivalent to the slider. The sliding bearing is equivalent to the hinge. The upper end of the tie rod is connected with the upper beam. The upper beam is connected to the upper connecting plate of the formwork, and then connected to the upper punch of the mold. So the action of the pull rod is consistent with the action of the upper punch. And what the other end of connecting fork is connected is main pressure beam, and the action of main pressure beam, pull bar 23,24, upper beam is all consistent like this. However, the trajectory of the terminal slider of the slider-crank mechanism changes with time as a cosine curve. In this way, the trajectory of the upper beam and the main pressure beam is also a cosine curve. Let the curve be 0° at the highest point, and the angle at the lowest point be 180°. In this way, one cycle of the machine is 360°. Rotary encoder device is on the right semi-axis, and rotary encoder 29 is installed on the right semi-axis 28, and effect is exactly the angle that measures machine at any time, is convenient to people's control to machine. The left end of left half shaft 19 is connected feeding cam.

Accompanying drawing 7,8,9 have shown the associated parts on the central rod 33 of transmission part. The upper end of the center rod 33 is connected with the worm gear box 38 by screws. The structure of worm gear box 38 is seen in E-E sectional view (seeing accompanying drawing 9), and worm screw 41 is equipped with locking member, digital position indicator. The worm gear 40 which the worm 41 meshes with is a standard gear. The lower end of the worm wheel 40 has internal and external threads, which are respectively left-handed and right-handed. External thread and central rod 33 threads are matched. Internal thread and T-block 38 thread match. Worm wheel 40 turns a circle like this, rises 3mm, and T block 38 then rises 6mm.

The lower end of central bar 33 is connected with die reset plate 35, and the left and right ends of die reset plate 35 connects two reset cylinders 36 with joint bearing 37, and reset cylinder 36 hangs on casing 1 bottom in reverse. Reset cylinder 36 selects the compact cylinder of FESTO for use, and the model is ADVU-80-80-A-P-A. The reset cylinder 36 here not only plays the role of die reset, but also has an important function to prevent the die from bouncing back when pressing the position. When the machine is running to the pressing position, that is, 180°. The press support cam has almost turned over the press slide. And the demoulding has not started yet. Of course, the most ideal method is that the pressing support cam just turns over the pressing slide block, and at the same time, the demoulding just starts. This way there will be no rebound problems. In fact this situation is impossible to satisfy. Because when the demoulding stroke changes, the demoulding angle also changes accordingly. And the end point of pressing remains unchanged, so even if the demoulding stroke is 10mm, the above-mentioned situation is satisfied. It is impossible to still meet the requirements when the demoulding stroke is 20mm. And when the die goes out to rebound, it is very unfavorable to the compression molding. It may cause cracks in the parts, and even damage the mold in severe cases. It is possible to have such consequences, it is necessary to prevent the die from rebounding in the pressing position. The usual method is to add a stop plate on the central rod and use a stop roller to prevent rebound. What is used here is to use the reset cylinder to prevent the die from rebounding. Here it is another effect of reset cylinder. As mentioned earlier, the lower cavity of the reset cylinder is ventilated all the time. The upper chamber is opened between 160°-220°, which is controlled by a two-position three-way valve here. When the valve is opened, the upper cavity of the cylinder begins to ventilate. Through the adjustment of the pressure reducing valve (slightly smaller than the air pressure in the lower chamber), the pressure in the upper and lower chambers is balanced. This serves the purpose of preventing the die from bouncing back.

Guide plate 34 is housed on the central rod 33 . It also has two effects, the one, as the guide of central rod 33, prevent central rod 33 from rotating, the 2nd, prevent the demoulding seat from rotating.

Pressing part (see accompanying drawings 10, 11, 12): the pressing part includes main pressing beam 49, concave beam 51, pressing bar 50, pressing cam 52, pressing slide block 53, adjusting shaft 47, worm wheel 43, worm 42, worm shaft 45 , Bull gear 44, pressing stroke block 55, pressing support 56. Concave beam 51 is installed on the central rod 33, bead 50 is housed between main pressure beam 49 and concave beam 51, pressing cam 52 is contained on the big gear 44, pressing slider 53 is contained on the concave beam 51, and adjusting shaft 47 is installed On the box 1, an adjustment shaft 47 is used to adjust the pressing stroke.

The general drawing of the pressing part shows the pressing realization method and adjustment of the machine. The suppression principle has been mentioned above, see attached picture 1, here mainly introduces the suppression realization method of the machine:

The action of the main pressure beam has been described in the transmission mechanism, which realizes the parameters of the cosine curve with the action of the eccentric wheel, and is transmitted to the upper beam 89 through the connecting forks 21, 22 and pull rods 23, 24, so that the action of the upper beam 89 is different from that of the upper beam. unanimous. And there is a certain distance between the main pressure beam 49 and the concave beam 51, but this distance is less than twice the eccentric distance e of the eccentric wheel, which will inevitably cause the main pressure beam to press the concave beam 51 when it does not reach 180 °, and the concave beam The crossbeam 51 is fixed with the central rod 33, that is, the die, so that the main pressure beam 49 will press the concave crossbeam 51 and walk down a certain distance. This distance is the synchronous pressing stroke, and what you see on the machine tool is the downstroke It moves downward together with the die, which is formed by the consistent action of the main pressure beam and the lower punch, and the consistent action of the concave beam and the die. This enables the so-called forced pressing of the die float.

When the synchronous pressing ends, the pressing slider 53 just presses on the pressing cam 52, and at this moment the concave beam is fixed, and the machine just reaches 180°. This position is fixed relative to the machine tool, and the pressing ends (topless pressing) . The bead 50 is to adjust the gap between the pressing cam 52 and the pressing slide block 53 to ensure that the pressing slide block just contacts the pressing cam at 180°, and the bead 50 is equipped with grinding after measuring the gap during assembly.

Here the pressing stroke of the machine tool is adjustable, and the adjustment method is realized by changing the distance between the main pressure beam 49 and the concave beam 51 . When their distance dwindled, it was equivalent to that the main pressure beam 49 pressed the concave beam 51 in advance, and the position of the pressing end remained unchanged relative to the machine tool, which was equivalent to increasing the pressing stroke.

Mechanically, it is realized in this way: turn the adjusting shaft 47 to make the driving gear 48 and the gear 46 rotate, and at the same time drive the worm shaft 45 to rotate, and drive the adjusting rod 54 through the worm gear pair. There is a thread M30X2 on the adjusting rod 54, which is equipped with a pressing stroke block 55, the pressing stroke block 55 does not rotate with the adjustment rod 54 due to the limit of the pressing bracket 56, so that the pressing stroke block 55 will move up and down relative to the concave beam 51, and the upper limit of the concave beam 51 is to press the pressing stroke block 55 Therefore, the upper limit of the concave beam 51 also changes with the movement of the pressing stroke block 55, that is, the distance between the main pressure beam 49 and the concave beam 51 is adjusted, and the pressing stroke is adjusted.

The demoulding part (seeing accompanying drawing 13,14): the demoulding part comprises adjusting shaft 64, two bevel gears 63, major shaft 65, gear 62, bull gear 60, demoulding beam 58, demoulding cam 57, demoulding slide Block 61. The large gear 60 and the demoulding crossbeam 58 are connected by a connecting block 59 (Huff), the internal thread of the large gear 60 is matched with the external thread of the central rod 33, and the demoulding cam 57 is matched with the demoulding slider 61, and the demoulding Slide block 61 is contained on the central bar 33, and gear 62 is connected with long shaft 65 by key, and gear 62 matches with bull gear 60, and bevel gear 63 is housed on long shaft 65 one end, and bevel gear 63 is housed on adjustment shaft 64 and matches.

The function of the demoulding part is mainly to adjust the demoulding stroke of the product. The accompanying drawings 13 and 14 show the mechanical principle of the demoulding stroke:

Rotate the adjusting shaft 64, and the engagement of the two bevel gears 63 drives the long shaft 65 to rotate. The gear 62 is connected to the long shaft 65 through a key, and the gear 62 drives the large gear 60. The large gear and the demoulding beam 58 pass through the connecting block 59 (Huff) connection, and the internal thread of the gear wheel 60 is matched with the external thread of the central rod 33. The second function of the guide plate 34 mentioned above is to prevent the demoulding beam 58 from rotating, so that the demoulding beam 58 does not follow the The large gear 60 rotates together, and due to the effect of the threaded connection, the demoulding beam 58 slides up and down relative to the central rod 33, and the demoulding slider 61 is fixed on the demoulding beam 58 through a dovetail connection, and can slide relative to the demoulding beam 58. On the bull gear 60, screw thread and positioning pin fix the demoulding cam 57. When the demoulding cam 57 rotates at an angle of about 230°, the demoulding cam 57 contacts the demoulding slider 61, and the demoulding slider 61 is pressed down to remove the mold. Die crossbeam also moves downwards thereupon, and when about 300 °, demoulding cam 57 arrives at its far rest point, promptly the maximum position of demoulding. Then the die cam rotates through the maximum value, and the demoulding ends. The die starts to reset due to the action of the reset cylinder. Adjusting the position of the demoulding crossbeam 58 relative to the central rod 33 is exactly to adjust the demoulding stroke. When the demoulding crossbeam 58 moves upwards relative to the central rod 33, it is equivalent to demoulding in advance, and the demoulding stroke increases, and vice versa.

Pressing part (accompanying drawings 15, 16, 17): the pressing part includes pressing piston 66, gas-hydraulic cylinder 67, valve plate 82, and pressing adjustment mechanism. Valve plate 82 is equipped with gas-liquid bag 85, overflow valve 83, pressure gauge 86, check valve 84. The gas-liquid cylinder 67 is fixed on the main pressure beam 49, and the gas-liquid cylinder 67 oil inlet is connected with the oil outlet of the valve plate 81 by the oil pipe.

The structure of the gas-liquid package 85 has a gas-liquid tank body, and hydraulic oil is installed in the gas-liquid tank body. The upper part of the gas-liquid tank body is provided with an upper cover, and an air inlet, an oil outlet port, and an oil level indicator 81 are arranged on the gas-liquid tank body. , the air inlet is connected to the air source (air compressor) through a pipeline, the oil outlet is connected to the oil inlet of the valve plate through a pipeline, and a hydraulic pipeline is arranged in the valve plate.

The overflow valve 83 is installed on the valve plate 82 and communicates with the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate 82. The overflow valve 83 is the oil return valve of the top pressure system. The inlet of the overflow valve 83 is connected to the hydraulic pipeline in the valve plate 82. The oil cylinders are connected, and the outlet of the overflow valve 83 is connected with the gas-liquid bag through the hydraulic pipeline in the valve plate 82 .

The one-way valve 84 is installed on the valve plate 82, the inlet of the one-way valve 84 is connected with the oil outlet of the gas-liquid package 85 through the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate 82, and the outlet of the one-way valve 84 is connected through the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate 82 It communicates with the oil cylinder, and the pressure gauge 86 is installed on the valve plate 82 and communicates with the oil outlet of the hydraulic pipeline on the valve plate.

What was mentioned above is the principle of topless pressing. When there is top pressing, the top pressing piston 66 moves downwards, which is greater than the thickness of the bead. The top pressure piston on the main pressure beam presses the concave beam. Since the piston force is much greater than the lower chamber force of the reset cylinder, the top pressure piston will not retract. When the pressing slider presses the pressing cam, the concave beam will no longer move down. , the mechanical force inside the machine is much greater than the piston force, at this time the piston retracts, and the main pressure beam moves downward for a certain distance, which is the top pressure stroke.

The specific implementation method is as follows:

In fact, the hydraulic oil inside the top pressure piston leads to the hydraulic valve plate outside the box through the hydraulic pipeline. The hydraulic valve plate is equipped with a check valve and a relief valve. The hydraulic oil leads to the air-liquid cylinder, and the power source is provided by air pressure. . Principle: The setting pressure of the overflow valve is 8Mp, and the diameter of the piston is 70mm. In this way, the control pressure of the overflow valve is much greater than the force of the die reset cylinder. During the above synchronous pressing, the piston does not retract due to the hydraulic pressure. position, the hydraulic pressure is less than the pressing force of the machine tool. At this time, the overflow valve is opened, the hydraulic oil returns to the gas-liquid bag through the pipeline, the piston retracts backward, and the upper punch continues to go down, thus realizing the top pressure.

The top pressure adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment shaft 72, a gear 73, a shaft 74, a sprocket 75, a bevel gear 78, a long shaft 69, an adjustment gear 71, and a top pressure adjustment body 68. The rotation adjustment shaft 72 drives the gear 73, and the shaft 74 is keyed. On the sprocket 75, it is transmitted to the small shaft 77 through the chain 76, and the other end of the small shaft 77 is connected to the bevel gear 78, and is transmitted to the long shaft 69 through the bevel gear pair. The cross section of the long shaft 69 is square, and the gear seat 70 is also Cut the square hole, the adjustment gear 71 is fixed with the gear seat 70 by the positioning pin, and the pressure adjustment body 68, the gear seat 70, and the adjustment gear 71 are fixed by screws, so that when the long axis 69 rotates, the three are driven to rotate together, and the pressure adjustment body 68 The thread on the top is matched with the thread of the main pressure beam 49, so that the top pressure regulating body 68 will move accordingly, and its stroke is 6mm, so the top pressure stroke is also 6mm, and the bridge gear 79 plays a transitional role, which is to connect Bridge of left adjustment gear 71 and right adjustment gear 80 .

Upper beam part (see accompanying drawing 18,19,20,21): upper beam part comprises upper beam 88, piston 89, sleeve 92, hydraulic pad piston 87, worm shaft 95, worm gear 96, adjustment motor 93. The piston 89 is installed in the sleeve 92, the sleeve 92 is installed on the upper beam 88, the hydraulic pad piston 87 is installed on the upper part of the sleeve 92, the adjusting motor 93 is installed on the side of the upper beam 88, and the worm shaft 95 and the worm wheel 96 are installed on the upper beam. On the beam 88, the output shaft of the adjustment motor 93 drives the worm shaft 95 through a pair of bevel gears 94.

The upper beam 88 is connected with the main pressure beam 49 through the left and right pull rods 23, 24, the piston 89 is connected with the upper punch 90 through screws, and the piston 89 plays the role of protecting the demoulding (see accompanying drawing 19), and the sleeve 92 is equivalent to When the cylinder body of the cylinder is at 0°-180°, the air in the lower chamber of the cylinder, the upper punch 90 is at the upper limit, when the machine runs to 180°, the air in the upper chamber of the cylinder, the upper punch 90 has a downward direction The trend of motion, when upper beam 88 moves upwards, upper punch will press blank all the time, until demoulding finishes, and at this moment the upper punch of piston 89 lower chamber air intakes gets back to upper limit. After the protective demoulding step is completed, the upper end of the piston is connected to the hydraulic cushion piston (8), and the upper end of the hydraulic cushion piston 87 is sealed with hydraulic oil. The function of the hydraulic cushion piston 87 is to protect the upper punch 88. During the car, the screw rod 97 is rotated to release the hydraulic pressure, and the upper punch retracts, so that the car can be turned back. The nut 91 plays a role in adjusting the preload.

The stroke of the upper beam 88 can also be adjusted. Adjust the motor 93 to drive the worm shaft 95 to drive the worm wheel 96 to rotate. The internal thread of the worm wheel 96 cooperates with the external thread of the sleeve 92, and the sleeve does not rotate, so that the sleeve 92 is relatively upward. Crossbeam 88 moves up and down, and its adjustment stroke is 70mm.

Feed mechanism (accompanying drawing 22): comprise compression cylinder 98, long arm 99, feed arm 101, feed cam 102. One end of the pressing cylinder 98 is fixed on the long arm 99, the other end is fixed on the column 2, the feeding arm 101 is connected with the long arm 99, the feeding cam 102 is installed on the half shaft, and the feeding arm 101 passes through the pressing roller 103 and the feeding cam 102 connected.

The feeding cam 102 is pressed by the feeding arm 101, so that as the feeding cam 102 rotates, the feeding arm 101 swings up and down, and the long arm 99 and the feeding arm 101 are fixed on the shaft 100, so the long arm 99 also swings left and right thereupon, pressing the cylinder 98 makes pinch roller 103 and feeding cam 102 contact all the time. The rotation and main shaft of feeding cam 102? The rotation speed is the same, which ensures the synchronization of feeding.

The hopper material shoe part (accompanying drawing 23) comprises hopper 104, material shoe 108, material pipe 105, material shoe compression cylinder 107, feeding rod 106. One end of the material shoe pressing cylinder 107 is fixed on the bed and the other end is connected with the feeding rod 106, and the front end of the feeding rod 106 is connected with a material shoe 108. The main function of this part is to charge and feed powder. The powder is loaded on the hopper 104 and flows into the feed shoe 108 through the material tube 105. The feed shoe 108 is pushed into the die cavity by the feeding of the feed cam 102, and then the powder is released. Flow into the die cavity from the material shoe 108, after filling the material, the material shoe 108 returns, and the feeding step is completed.

The material shoe pressing cylinder 107 is a single-acting cylinder, and the upper cavity is ventilated all the time, so that the material shoe 108 is always pressed against the concave formwork to prevent powder leakage.

Exceeding amount mechanism (accompanying drawing 24) comprises excessive amount cylinder 109, lever 111, lever support 113, roller 112. The over-under cylinder 109 is installed on the lever 111 through the joint bearing 110, the lever bracket 113 is fixed on the box body by screws, the roller 112 is pressed on the pressing travel limit rod, and the pressing travel limit rod is connected with the pressing limit block through threads .

This set of mechanism is mainly to realize the undershooting, the undershooting cylinder 109, 100 bore, the DNC standard cylinder of FESTO, is installed on the lever 111 through the joint bearing 110, the lever bracket 113 is fixed on the box by screws 1, the roller 112 is pressed on the pressing travel stop bar, because pressing the travel stop is realized by pressing the stop block, and pressing the stop bar is threaded with it, and pressing the stop bar is exactly the limit press stroke. The lever mechanism is mainly to amplify the effect of force. Because the lower cavity of the die reset cylinder is always ventilated, and the die cavity is pressed downward during synchronous pressing, so in order to achieve overshoot, the force generated by the overrun cylinder 109 must be greater than the force of the die reset cylinder and during simultaneous press The friction force of the powder on the die, this set of lever mechanism can generate 3 times the torque, which can meet the requirements.

The main function of the excess is to make the powder evenly loaded. When the material shoe is filled with powder in the die cavity, the die shakes up and down once, and the material shoe is returned to play the role of vibrating the powder. The main function of the under is to prevent the powder from being dusted , when the upper punch just contacts the powder, it can prevent the powder from overflowing. The stroke of undershoot is 5mm. adjustable.

Pneumatic part:

It is mainly used in pneumatic clutch, material shoe control, material shoe pressing, over-undershoot cylinder, preload cylinder, die reset cylinder, and the rest are used on mold bases.

Lubrication part:

The lubrication of the machine tool is lubricated by forced spray type thin oil. The lower half of the box is used as the oil tank. It uses a three-phase motor and a gear pump. The product. The pressure transmitter is to stop the alarm when the filter is blocked and the pressure is too high, so as to protect the motor and pump.

Referring to Figure 1, the small and medium-sized crank slider type automatic dry powder press adopts the two-way forced pressing mechanism with the lower punch fixed and the die floating, so the movement curve of the press is the organic combination of the upper punch movement curve and the die movement curve. combination. Accompanying drawing 1 has drawn the schematic diagram of basic two-way forced pressing. Each working step can correspond one by one on the pressing curve.

The small and medium-sized crank-slider type automatic dry powder press is a special molding equipment integrating machine, electricity, hydraulic, gas, and computer control. It is applicable to a wide range of industrial fields, with reasonable design, compact structure, and good working performance. The domestic and foreign products of the machine are 1/3~1/4 cheaper, and have broad market prospects.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press is characterized in that structure comprises casing part, drive part, transmission mechanism, press portion, demoulding part, roof pressure part, entablature part, feeding part, hopper material boots part, crosses the amount of owing part;

The chest portion branch comprises column, casing, case lid, respirator, case, mould bases seat, case lid is contained on the casing, case lid and casing are by being threaded, case is contained in casing one side, and respirator is contained on the column, and two root posts install respectively in the case lid both sides, the mould bases seat is contained on the column, and lubricating oil is housed in the casing;

Drive part comprises motor, small belt pulley, big belt pulley, driving-belt, clutch, decelerator; Motor mounting is on casing rear side motor mount, and reductor is installed in the case of casing side, and clutch device is on the deceleration arbor, and by the variable-frequency motor power output, transmission is passed through small belt pulley, driving-belt, big belt pulley, clutch to reductor;

Transmission mechanism comprises duplicate gear, power transmission shaft, left and right gear wheel, eccentric wheel, sliding bearing, left and right connecting rod, yoke, left and right pull bar, rotary encoder, left half axle, right axle shaft, center-pole, T shape piece, worm gear case, die restoring board; Power transmission shaft is contained on the casing by sliding bearing, power transmission shaft is provided with duplicate gear, power transmission shaft and duplicate gear are one, left half axle and right axle shaft are contained on the casing, sliding bearing is installed on the left and right connecting rod, eccentric wheel is contained in the sliding bearing, two eccentric wheel endoporus match with left half axle, right axle shaft respectively, left and right gear wheel is contained in two eccentric wheel inner shafts respectively and puts, yoke is contained in main the pressure on the beam, link to each other with connecting rod by sliding bearing, the die restoring board is equipped with in the center-pole lower end, and worm gear case is equipped with on center-pole top, and T shape piece is equipped with in the center-pole upper end; The upper end of pull bar connects entablature, and entablature connects the upper junction plate of mould bases again, connects the upper punch of mould again;

Press portion comprises main beam, recessed crossbeam, press strip, compacting cam, compacting slide block, adjustment axle, worm gear, worm screw, worm shaft, gear wheel, pressing stroke piece, the compacting support of pressing; Recessed crossbeam is contained on the center-pole, and main the pressure between beam and the recessed crossbeam is equipped with press strip, and the compacting cam is contained on the gear wheel, and the compacting slide block is contained on the recessed crossbeam, adjusts axle and is contained on the casing, adjusts axle and is used to regulate pressing stroke;

The demoulding partly comprises regulating shaft, two bevel gears, major axis, gear, gear wheel, demoulding crossbeam, demoulding cam, demoulding slide block; Gear wheel is connected by contiguous block with demoulding crossbeam, the internal thread of gear wheel matches with the external screw thread of center-pole again, demoulding cam matches with demoulding slide block, demoulding slide block is contained on the center-pole, gear is connected with major axis by key, gear and gear wheel match, and major axis one end is equipped with bevel gear, and bevel gear is housed on the regulating shaft matches;

Top-pressure mechanism comprises roof pressure piston, airdraulic actuator, valve plate, roof pressure guiding mechanism; Gas-liquid bag, overflow valve, Pressure gauge, check valve are housed on the valve plate, and airdraulic actuator is fixed on main the pressure on the beam, and the airdraulic actuator oil-in links to each other with the valve plate oil-out by oil pipe, and device has roof pressure piston, piston rod in the oil cylinder;

The gas-liquid pack arrangement has the gas-liquid tank body, the interior device of gas-liquid tank body has hydraulic oil, gas-liquid tank body top is provided with loam cake, the gas-liquid tank body is provided with air inlet, oil-out, oil level monitor, air inlet links to each other with source of the gas by pipeline, oil-out links to each other with the valve plate oil-in by pipeline, is provided with fluid pressure line in the valve plate;

The roof pressure guiding mechanism comprises adjusts axle, gear, axle, sprocket wheel, bevel gear, major axis, adjustment gear, roof pressure control agent; Rotate and adjust axle, driven gear, axle key is connected on the sprocket wheel, be transferred to little axle by chain, the other end of little axle connects bevel gear, is transferred to major axis by gear pair, the cross section of major axis is square, and also cut square hole on the pinion stand, and to adjust gear to fix by alignment pin and pinion stand, roof pressure control agent, pinion stand, adjustment gear are fixed by screw;

Entablature partly comprises entablature, piston, sleeve, hydraulic die cushion piston, worm shaft, worm gear, adjustment motor; Piston is contained in the sleeve, sleeve is contained on the entablature, the hydraulic die cushion piston is contained in upper cartridge, adjust motor and be contained in entablature one side, worm shaft, worm gear are contained on the entablature, adjust motor output shaft by a pair of bevel gear transmission worm shaft, and entablature is connected with the main beam of pressing by pull bar, piston is connected with upper punch by screw

Feed mechanism comprises clamping cylinder, long-armed, feeding arm, feeding cam; Clamping cylinder one end be fixed on long-armed on, the other end is fixed on the column, the feeding arm links to each other with long-armed, feeding cam is contained on the semiaxis, the feeding arm links to each other with feeding cam by pinch rollers;

Hopper material boots partly comprise hopper, material boots, material pipe, material boots clamping cylinder, feeding rod; Material boots clamping cylinder one end is fixed on that the other end links to each other with feeding rod on the lathe bed, and the feeding rod front end is connected with the material boots;

Cross and owe measuring mechanism and comprised the amount of owing cylinder, lever, lever dolly, roller; Cross the amount of owing cylinder and be installed on the lever by oscillating bearing, lever is contained on the lever dolly, and lever dolly is fixed on the casing by screw, and roller is pressed on the pressing stroke gag lever post, and the pressing stroke gag lever post is connected with the compacting limited block by screw thread.

2, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1 is characterized in that the belt tension mechanism of drive part adopts the fine setting motor mount, and the motor installing hole is fixed on the mount pad.Motor mount then has been out two kidney slots, and by the bolting motor, the motor side has two to adjust seat, is fixed on the mount pad by screw, adjusts the middle screw that screws in two of seat, withstands the motor side.

3, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1, the power transmission shaft that it is characterized in that transmission mechanism links to each other with reducer output shaft, duplicate gear that power transmission shaft is provided with and the engagement of left and right gear wheel, left and right gear wheel drives wobbler action, and eccentric wheel has been formed a slider-crank mechanism by sliding bearing, left and right sides connecting rod, yoke, left and right sides pull bar.

4, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1 is characterized in that rotary encoder apparatus on right axle shaft, and the left end of left half axle connects feeding cam.

5, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1 is characterized in that the two ends, the left and right sides of die restoring board connect two reset cylinders, the anti-bottom half that is hung in of reset cylinder with oscillating bearing.

6, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1, it is characterized in that rotating regulating shaft, engagement by two bevel gears drives the major axis rotation, gear is connected with major axis by key, drive gear wheel by gear drive again, gear wheel is connected by contiguous block with demoulding crossbeam, and the internal thread of gear wheel matches with the external screw thread of center-pole.

7, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the overflow valve device is on valve plate, be connected with the fluid pressure line on the valve plate, overflow valve is the oil return valve of top pressing system, the overflow valve import is connected with oil cylinder by fluid pressure line in the valve plate, and the overflow valve outlet is connected with the gas-liquid bag by fluid pressure line in the valve plate; Check valve apparatus is on valve plate, check valve inlet contracts out hydraulic fluid port by fluid pressure line on the valve plate and gas-liquid and is connected, check valve outlet is connected with oil cylinder by the fluid pressure line on the valve plate, and pressure meter device is being connected with the oil-out of fluid pressure line on the valve plate on the valve plate.

8, middle-size and small-size crank slide block type full automatic dry powder press according to claim 1 is characterized in that expecting that the boots clamping cylinder is a single-acting cylinder.

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