CN204354540U - A kind of doubling glass used for rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a laminated glass for rail vehicles, which has the characteristics of thin thickness, anti-ultraviolet radiation, high heat insulation and sound insulation performance, and eliminates the hidden danger of safety after the glass is broken. The utility model comprises an inner layer of glass, an outer layer of glass and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the two, and the intermediate layer includes an inner layer of PVB film, an outer layer of PVB film and a heat insulation layer sandwiched between the two. Even if the inner and outer layers of glass are broken, the fragments will stick to the PVB film without splashing outwards, eliminating the potential safety hazard of fragments splashing and hurting people; the middle layer is also equipped with a heat insulation layer between the two layers of PVB film, which can effectively Improve the thermal insulation performance of laminated glass.

Description

Laminated glass for rail vehicles

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rail transportation, in particular to a laminated glass for rail vehicles.

Background technique

At present, the glass used in rail vehicles is mainly insulating glass and laminated glass.

Insulating glass is a high-performance sound-insulating and heat-insulating glass made of two or three pieces of glass, using a high-strength and high-air-tight composite adhesive to bond the glass pieces to an aluminum alloy frame containing a desiccant. However, after this kind of glass is broken, the fragments will splash outward, so there is a hidden danger of hurting people, and because of the existence of the hollow layer, the thickness of the insulating glass is relatively high.

Laminated glass is a composite glass product that sandwiches one or more layers of organic polymer interlayer film between two or more pieces of glass. After special processing, the glass and the interlayer film are permanently bonded together. Since the interlayer film of laminated glass is an organic polymer such as PVB, after the glass is broken, the fragments will stick to the PVB film in the middle, thus eliminating the danger of injury. However, the thermal insulation performance of laminated glass is low.

Therefore, how to design a new type of laminated glass so as to improve its thermal insulation performance while reducing potential safety hazards is a technical problem urgently needed to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a laminated glass for rail vehicles, which has the characteristics of thin thickness, anti-ultraviolet radiation, high heat insulation and sound insulation performance, and eliminates the safety hazard after the glass is broken.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a laminated glass for a rail vehicle, comprising an inner layer glass, an outer layer glass and an intermediate layer sandwiched between the two, and the intermediate layer includes an inner layer of PVB film, an outer layer of glass, and an outer layer of glass. A layer of PVB film and an insulating layer sandwiched between the two.

In the laminated glass of the present invention, an intermediate layer is sandwiched between the inner glass and the outer glass, and the intermediate layer is in contact with the inner glass with the inner PVB film, and the outer PVB film is in contact with the outer glass. When the first layer of glass and/or the outer layer of glass is broken, the glass fragments will be bonded to the PVB film without splashing outwards, eliminating the potential safety hazard of fragments splashing and hurting people; moreover, the middle layer is between the two layers of PVB film There is also a heat insulation layer, which can effectively improve the heat insulation performance of the laminated glass compared with the existing laminated glass; in addition, compared with the existing insulating glass, the thickness of the middle layer is much smaller than the hollow space of the insulating glass. layer, so that the laminated glass of the present invention has a thinner thickness to better meet the use requirements of rail vehicles.

Optionally, the heat insulation layer includes at least one layer of nano-ceramic film.

Optionally, both the inner glass and the outer glass are physically toughened glass.

Optionally, the middle layer further includes a sound-insulating layer, and the sound-insulating layer is sandwiched between the inner PVB film and the outer PVB film.

Optionally, the sound insulation layer is laid on the outer side of the heat insulation layer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of laminated glass for rail vehicles provided by the utility model in a specific embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a specific embodiment of a method for processing laminated glass for rail vehicles provided by the present invention.

In Figure 1-2:

Inner glass 1, outer glass 2, middle layer 3, inner PVB film 31, outer PVB film 32, heat insulation layer 33

detailed description

The core of the utility model is to provide a laminated glass for rail vehicles, which has the characteristics of thin thickness, UV protection, heat insulation, and high sound insulation performance, and eliminates the safety hazard after the glass is broken.

Another core of the utility model is to provide a processing method for the above-mentioned laminated glass, which can be processed to form high-quality laminated glass.

The utility model provides a laminated glass for rail vehicles, which mainly includes an inner layer glass 1, an outer layer glass 2 and an intermediate layer 3 sandwiched between them. As shown in FIG. The laid inner PVB film 31 , heat insulation layer 33 and outer layer PVB film 32 , that is, the heat insulation layer 33 is sandwiched between the inner layer PVB film 31 and the outer layer PVB film 32 .

With this structure, an intermediate layer 3 is provided between the inner and outer layers of glass. Compared with the insulating glass of the prior art, the thickness of the intermediate layer 3 is much smaller than the hollow layer of the insulating glass, thereby reducing the overall cost of the laminated glass. Thickness improves the convenience of use and expands the scope of use of laminated glass on rail vehicles; the inner layer glass 1 is bonded to the inner layer PVB film 31 of the middle layer 3, and the outer layer glass 2 is bonded to the outer layer of the middle layer 3 If the PVB film 32 is attached, even if the inner glass 1 and/or the outer glass 2 are broken, the glass fragments will adhere to the PVB film attached to it, and will not splash outwards, thus eliminating the possibility of splashing injuries caused by glass fragments. Human safety hazards improve the safety of use, especially suitable for densely populated locations such as driver's cabs and carriages; more importantly, a heat-insulating film is installed between the inner PVB film 31 and the outer PVB film 32. Layer 33 plays a good role in insulation and heat insulation. Compared with the laminated glass in the prior art, the improvement of heat insulation performance can further expand the scope of use, especially to avoid the impact of thermal expansion and contraction on the performance of the angled glass, so as to Adapt to changes in the use environment to ensure the use of strength.

Wherein, the heat insulation layer 33 can be a nano-ceramic film, specifically, one layer, two layers or even a multi-layer nano-ceramic film can be provided to effectively insulate heat, prevent ultraviolet rays and reduce noise, and optimize the performance of laminated glass .

The nano-ceramic membrane can specifically adopt the fifth-generation nano-ceramic membrane, which is an oxide of an oxidized resin, and is produced by using the heat insulation principle of spectral screening, using the most advanced nanotechnology and superior sputtering technology, and has a low Reflective, high light transmission, high heat insulation and other characteristics. At the same time, the nano-ceramic membrane is a unique and durable ceramic membrane structure. The excellent performance formed by its special structure can block more infrared rays, and has heat insulation, sound insulation and impact resistance.

At present, nano-ceramic membranes are mostly used in the field of automobiles. As its external film, the utility model has found another way. In view of the many advantages of nano-ceramic membranes, it is used as a laminated layer of laminated glass interlayer 3, and at the same time it has anti-ultraviolet and prevents debris. The PVB film with splash function cooperates with each other to form a new type of laminated glass. The laminated glass has better heat insulation performance, better energy-saving effect, improved sound insulation performance, can resist more than 99% of ultraviolet rays, can improve passenger comfort, delay the aging of equipment in the car, and can be glued after the glass is broken. The junction is on the PVB film, which eliminates the safety hazard of hurting people.

Those skilled in the art can also imagine that the heat insulation layer 33 can also use other heat insulation materials as the layering of the middle layer 3 , for details, reference can be made to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

Furthermore, both the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 2 can be physically toughened glass, which has high strength and durability, and can better meet the use requirements of rail vehicles.

On the basis of the above, the middle layer 3 of the laminated glass can also include a sound-insulating layer, and the sound-insulating layer can be sandwiched between the inner PVB film 31 and the outer PVB film 32, specifically, it can be located inside or outside the heat-insulating layer 33 .

That is to say, a sound insulation layer can also be laid on the middle layer 3 to improve the sound insulation effect, reduce the running noise of the rail vehicle, and improve passenger comfort.

The sound-insulating layer can be made of sound-absorbing material or sound-insulating material to further reduce noise. Please refer to the prior art for the specific structure.

Further, the sound insulation layer can also be laid on the outer side of the heat insulation layer 33 so that it can effectively filter external noise and achieve a better sound insulation effect.

It can be understood that the utility model can also be provided with two or more layers of sound insulation layers in the middle layer 3, but in view of the higher requirements on the thickness of the angled glass, the sound insulation layers below two layers can be set; Thermal layer 33. When the sound-insulating layer and/or heat-insulating layer 33 are arranged in a two-layer or multi-layer structure, the two layers can be laid sequentially, or the laying positions of the two layers can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the performance requirements of the laminated glass.

It can also be understood that, in order to realize the bonding and fixing between adjacent layers, in the heat insulation layer 33 or the sound insulation layer, PVB films can be arranged between each layer, so that the adjacent layup layers can be bonded and fixed into one layer through the PVB film. The whole; of course, the heat insulation layer 33 or the diaphragm in the sound insulation layer can also be treated so that it can be bonded to adjacent layers.

The utility model also provides a processing method of the above-mentioned laminated glass for rail vehicles, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2 .

The processing method may include the following steps:

S11: Combine the pieces to form the glass body. Each layer can be laid on top of each other, and then sandwiched between the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 2, that is, the inner glass 1, the inner PVB film 31, the heat insulation layer 33, and the outer glass. Layers of PVB film 32 and the outer layer of glass 2 are stacked in sequence, so that each layer is stacked to form a whole, which is the glass body.

S12: Pre-compress and exhaust the glass body, including dry method and wet method. The utility model can be carried out by dry method, specifically, the roller pressure exhaust method in the dry method can be used; first, the formed after assembling The above-mentioned glass body is sent into the roller press, and after being squeezed by the first roller, it is sent into the constant temperature box, and then squeezed by the second roller, so that the inner glass 1 and the middle layer 3, the outer glass 2 and the middle layer 3 and the residual air between the layers of the middle layer 3 is exhausted to complete the process of exhausting and edge sealing.

S13: High-pressure forming treatment, that is, to perform high-temperature and high-pressure treatment on the exhausted glass body in an autoclave to form a high-quality laminated glass product.

It is worth noting that in the pre-compression exhaust in step S12, a good edge sealing effect needs to be obtained in order to facilitate the high-pressure molding in the subsequent step S13; Air, to effectively discharge the residual air between the layers, and then get a good edge banding effect.

Further, the pre-compression exhaust in step S12 can adopt a dry method, such as a roller press exhaust method, but of course, those skilled in the art can also replace the method of pre-compression exhaust according to needs, for example, a wet method or a dry method can also be used. The vacuum preloading exhaust method in the method, the utility model only takes the roller pressure exhaust method as an example to illustrate, when other exhaust methods are used, it can be carried out with reference to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

In detail, in step S12, a flat initial pressure machine can be used for rolling exhaust, and the combined glass body can enter the input end of the equipment, and then the equipment is smoothly transported to the pre-compression roller for uniform rolling, and the The air is preliminarily excluded, and then enters the pre-press heating oven for pre-press heating, so that the PVB film reaches the required fusion temperature, so that the inner glass 1 and the inner PVB film 31, the inner PVB film 31 and the heat insulation layer 33, and the heat insulation The layer 33 and the outer layer of PVB film 32, and the outer layer of PVB film 32 and the outer layer of glass 2 are welded into one in sequence, and then output from the output end, and then the layers are firmly bonded together so as to be used for subsequent pre-pressing. Exhaust ready.

The pre-exhausted glass body can enter the roller press for pre-pressurization and exhaust. As mentioned above, after two rolls, the periphery of the glass body can present a full circle of transparent belt-shaped structure, forming the edge of the glass body. Seal its edge well to prevent air from entering, thereby avoiding the generation of bubbles due to gas backflow during processing in the autoclave in step S13. It should be noted that in step S12, the temperature of the glass surface must be strictly controlled, neither the temperature is too high to cause premature edge sealing and the internal gas cannot be discharged, nor the temperature is too low to cause incomplete edge sealing to generate backflow bubbles.

Of course, those skilled in the art can also carry out multiple roll pressings on the glass body as needed, but in combination with the effects of exhaust and edge sealing, two rolling rolls are suitable.

Further, in step S13, the autoclave selected during the high-pressure molding process can be a glass autoclave, the pre-pressed and exhausted glass body can be placed vertically on the support, and the distance between adjacent glass bodies should be More than about 5mm; after the glass enters the autoclave, seal the door of the autoclave, raise the temperature first, so that the temperature of the autoclave reaches a certain level, such as about 45°C, and then heat and pressurize at the same time; specifically, the heating rate and pressurization rate need to be controlled For example, the heating rate can be controlled at 5°C/min, and the pressurizing rate can be controlled at 0.06MPa/min; when the temperature reaches 128-132°C, preferably around 130°C, the pressure reaches between 13-14Mpa, preferably When it is 13.5Mpa, heat preservation and pressure can be started. For example, heat preservation and pressure can be maintained for 40 to 60 minutes, so that the glass body can be effectively sealed, and at the same time, the gap between the layers can be reduced as much as possible, thereby reducing the thickness of the formed angled glass; finally , the pressure can be maintained and the temperature can be lowered. When the temperature drops to a certain level, the pressure can be released to the atmospheric pressure, that is, the high-pressure forming process can be completed, and the final laminated glass product can be obtained.

In the above step S13, the temperature during pressurization and depressurization must be strictly controlled to avoid bubbles at the edges of the laminated glass.

Those skilled in the art can also add other interlayers between the inner glass 1 and the outer glass 2 as required, such as a sound-insulating layer, and the specific processing method can be referred to above.

It should be noted that the laminated glass in this article can usually be used in rail vehicles, such as driver's cabs, cabins, etc., because it has the advantages of thin thickness, UV protection, heat insulation, sound insulation, etc., and can eliminate the damage caused by broken glass. potential safety hazards, can better meet the needs of rail vehicles, and has broad application prospects.

It should be further explained that the inside and outside in this paper refer to the use state of the laminated glass, and the direction close to the inside of the rail vehicle is the inside. Correspondingly, the direction close to the outside of the car body is the outside, and each interlayer can be laid in the direction from the inside to the outside. ; In the process of processing or in the specific structure, the above-mentioned inside and outside are only for the convenience of expression, and do not represent the limitation of laminated glass.

The laminated glass for rail vehicle provided by the utility model has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the utility model. within range.

Claims (5)

1. a rail vehicle laminated glass, comprising an inner layer glass (1), an outer layer glass (2) and an intermediate layer (3) sandwiched between the two, it is characterized in that the intermediate layer (3) ) includes an inner layer of PVB film (31), an outer layer of PVB film (32) and a heat insulating layer (33) sandwiched between the two. 2. The laminated glass for rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, the heat insulating layer (33) comprises at least one layer of nano-ceramic film. 3. The laminated glass for rail vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the inner glass (1) and the outer glass (2) are physically toughened glass. 4. The laminated glass for rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, the intermediate layer (3) also includes a sound-insulating layer, and the sound-insulating layer is sandwiched between the inner PVB film (31) and between the outer layer PVB film (32). 5. The laminated glass for rail vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that, the sound insulation layer is laid on the outer side of the heat insulation layer (33).