CN1791037A - Method for realizing Web service automatic test - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for realizing automated testing of Web services, comprising: executing test cases; establishing a system resource monitoring module to monitor resource reading and writing; establishing and starting a proxy server, and setting all network connections in the system to pass through the proxy server to transfer; the JAVA virtual machine builds a virtual Web service container according to the service deployment code in the test case, and deploys the service in the container; executes the test verification code, starts a client that calls the Web service, and the client establishes a network connection To call the service, the call request is received by the proxy server and passed to the virtual Web service container for processing, and then the result of the call is returned to the client; the test verification code is executed to test its return value; the test result is output. This method only needs to write a test case to complete the test of the Web service, and eliminates the manual steps of deploying the Web service, thereby realizing automation.

Description

A Method for Realizing Automated Testing of Web Services

technical field

The invention relates to a method for realizing automatic testing of Web services, in particular to a method for automatic testing of Web services through a virtual Web service container.

Background technique

Web Service (Web Service) is one of the new technologies that have emerged in the IT field in the past ten years. It is the basic component of building Internet distributed systems and is becoming an effective platform for Enterprise Application Integration (EAI). The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C for short) defines it as: "A Web service is a software application that uses a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI for short), and its interface and binding form can be defined by Extensible Markup Language ( eXtensible Markup Language (XML for short) defines, describes and retrieves, and can complete direct interaction with other applications through XML messages and Internet protocols." Not only more and more enterprises conduct business transactions through Web services, but also more and more enterprises start to use Web services to build collaborative distributed systems. Web service is a program with certain functions, and its test is to check whether the function of the service meets the requirements involved. For Web services, generally speaking, other enterprises cannot know its source code, and can only generate a client to test the service through the Web Service Description Language (WSDL) of the service. This has caused the Web service software testing technology to basically stay on the test of a single Web service, and there is no integrated test of the entire Web service system. When faced with a collaborative work system composed of multiple Web services, these testing technologies can only see the execution result of a certain service, but they don't know anything about other services called during the execution of the service.

Altava's xmlspy provides testing of WSDL files and Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP, a protocol for exchanging information and executing remote procedure calls in a decentralized or distributed environment, an XML-based protocol) messages ; CapeScience's Nettool provides interception, inspection and forwarding of SOAP messages. Whether it is xmlspy or Nettool, it only considers a single SOAP message, and there is no concept of comprehensive integration testing. In fact, Web software composed of Web services is increasingly emphasizing the cooperation between Web services. The calling process of Web services may cause errors such as messages and communications. Overall testing is important.

A distributed system composed of web services, the services will be deployed on different machines. A service is not only for clients to call, but also serves as a client to call one or more other services. Since Web services run on different machines, it is very difficult for system integration testing and debugging. It mainly reflects the following points:

1. The Web service container must be started first, and then tested after deploying the service. This step must be repeated after the service is modified. This process is difficult to automate, and it is even more difficult when the service is deployed to multiple containers.

2. When many web services are to be deployed, it will not only cost a lot of manpower, but also require a lot of hardware facilities, and the testing cost is very high.

3. When multiple web services have a mutual call relationship, such a system is difficult to debug. After the error is found through testing, the source of the error will be difficult to track.

4. SOAP messages exchanged between Web services cannot be effectively recorded, which makes it difficult to determine the interaction relationship, dependency relationship, and call time sequence between Web services.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the prior art, and propose a method for realizing automated testing of Web services, which only needs to write a test case to complete the functional testing of a Web service or a plurality of Web services with cooperative relationships. The steps of manually deploying Web services are eliminated, thereby realizing automation.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a method for realizing automated testing of Web services, wherein the following steps are performed:

Step 1. Execute the test case written by the user;

Step 2, establish a system resource monitoring module to monitor the reading and writing of system resources;

Step 3, establish and start a proxy server, and set all network connections in the system to be transferred through the proxy server;

Step 4, the JAVA virtual machine establishes a virtual Web service container according to the service deployment code in the test case, and deploys the service in the virtual Web service container;

Step 5, execute the test verification code in the test case, start a client that calls the Web service, the client establishes a network connection to call the service, the call request is received by the proxy server, and passed to the virtual Web service container for processing, and then Return the result of the web service call to the client;

Step 6. Execute the test verification code to test its return value;

Step 7, output test results;

Step 8, end the test.

This method has the following advantages:

1. The implementation code of the Web service can run in both the real environment and the virtual test environment without modification;

2. The real environment and the virtual environment can be combined for testing, and some services are deployed in the real environment, and the other part of the service is deployed in the virtual environment;

3. Since all network connections must pass through the network monitoring module, SOAP messages transmitted between clients and services and between services can be recorded to verify their correctness;

4. It can simulate the delay and sudden interruption in the network connection, control the transmission rate so as to test the functional correctness of the service when it is running under abnormal conditions;

5. It can monitor the running status of all Web services in the system, such as which services are running at a certain moment, how many instances are running, the time series of calls between services, etc.;

6. All web services run in the same process, and traditional software debugging methods can be used to find out the root cause of system errors, which is much easier than joint debugging on different machines;

7. The integration test of Web services only needs to use one computer. Although the system under test will eventually be tested in a real environment, this method can still effectively find out the problems existing in the system under test and greatly reduce the number of problems in the real environment. The lower number of tests can achieve the purpose of reducing the cost of testing.

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the flowchart of the present invention's realization of Web service automation test method;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the embodiment that realizes Web service automatic testing method in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the establishment method of virtual container in the embodiment of the present invention realizes Web service automatic test method;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of proxy server receiving and processing method in the embodiment step that realizes Web service automation testing method of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the flow chart that needs to read system resource when running service object in the embodiment of the present invention realizes Web service automation testing method;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of writing system resources when running a service object in an embodiment of the method for implementing automated testing of Web services in the present invention.

Detailed ways

The invention proposes a method capable of automatically deploying and testing services, and effectively tracking the services.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a flow chart of realizing the automated testing method of Web services for the present invention, and specifically executes the following steps:

Step 101, execute the test case written by the user;

Step 102, establishing a system resource monitoring module to monitor the reading and writing of system resources;

Step 103, establishing and starting a proxy server, and setting all network connections in the system to be transferred through the proxy server;

Step 104, the JAVA virtual machine establishes a virtual Web service container according to the service deployment code in the test case, and deploys the service in the virtual Web service container;

Step 105, execute the test verification code in the test case, start a client that calls the Web service, the client establishes a network connection to call the service, the call request is received by the proxy server, and passed to the virtual Web service container for processing, and then Return the result of the web service call to the client;

Step 106, execute the test verification code to test its return value;

Step 107, output test results;

Step 108, end the test.

This method maintains an independent operating environment and some resources for each virtual container, so that the virtual containers do not interfere with each other.

As shown in Figure 2, it is the flow chart of the embodiment that realizes Web service automatic testing method for the present invention, specifically executes the following steps:

Step 201, execute the test case written by the user, the test case is a series of codes for the purpose of testing, specifically including: service deployment code and test verification code, the service deployment code is used to specify which virtual containers to be established, and in which Which Web services are deployed, that is, to describe a Web service environment. The test verification code is used to establish a client to call the services deployed in the test environment and verify its return value. The verification result is the execution result of the entire test case ;

Step 202, establishing a system resource monitoring module to monitor the reading and writing of system resources;

Step 203, establish and start a proxy server, and set all network connections in the system to be transferred through the proxy server. During the test, all TCP network connections will be forwarded through the proxy server, including not only between the client and the service, but also between the service Connection with the service; this module can effectively monitor the transmission of SOAP messages between the client and Web services, and between Web services and Web services, and verify the validity of the messages; at the same time, during the forwarding process, you can control Forwarding rate, in order to test the operation of web services in low bandwidth situations;

Step 204, the JAVA virtual machine creates a virtual container according to the service deployment code in the test case, and deploys the service in it. The virtual Web service container, that is, the virtual container, is the core of the entire test system, and it is the operating environment of the Web service , in a real environment, the same web service will run in different containers, and it is impossible for these services to interfere with each other. At the same time, web containers will also have some private attributes and resources, which cannot be read by other containers; virtual containers It is necessary to simulate these real situations so that the runtime containers do not interfere with each other and the services do not interfere with each other. The real container monopolizes a virtual machine, which owns all system resources, and the modification of these resources will not interfere with the Other containers, however, a virtual container is a virtual machine shared by multiple containers, these resources need to be allocated to different virtual containers, and the modification of these resources will not change the resource status of other containers;

Step 205, execute the test verification code, start a client that calls the Web service, the client will establish a network connection to call the service, the call request is received by the proxy server, and passed to the virtual Web service container for processing, and then the result return to the client;

Step 106, after the Web service call returns, execute the test verification code to test its return value;

Step 207, output test results;

Step 208, end the test;

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 3 , it is a flow chart of a specific method for establishing a virtual container in step 204 of the embodiment of the method for realizing the automated testing of Web services in the present invention, including the following steps:

Step 2041, create a virtual container and assign a unique identifier to it;

Step 2042, establish a thread group, and set its identification as the identification of the virtual container;

Step 2043, create a thread belonging to the thread group;

Step 2044, start a thread to run the virtual container, and initialize resources belonging to the virtual container.

As shown in Figure 4, it is a flow chart of the proxy server receiving and processing method in step 205 of the embodiment of the Web service automated testing method of the present invention, including the following steps:

Step 2050, the proxy server receives the calling request;

Step 2051, the proxy server judges whether the call needs to be monitored, if yes, then execute step 2052; otherwise execute step 2053;

Step 2052, the system resource monitoring module starts to monitor network transmission;

Step 2053, the proxy server judges whether there is a virtual container that needs to be accessed, and if yes, then executes step 2054; otherwise, a new network connection is established to forward the call request to the real container, and the real container processes the request;

Step 2054, the proxy server hands over the call request to the virtual container for processing;

Step 2055, the virtual container judges whether there is a service object for invoking the request, the service object corresponds to a Web service, and it is used to execute the Web service, if yes, execute step 2058; otherwise, execute step 2056;

Step 2056, the virtual container judges whether the service requested by the call has been deployed, and if so, executes step 2057; otherwise generates an error response, executes step 2059;

Step 2057, the virtual container creates a service object;

Step 2058, the virtual container hands the invocation request to the service object for processing, runs the service object, and generates a response;

Step 2059, the proxy server returns a response to the client.

As shown in Figure 5, in step 2058 of the embodiment of the Web service automated testing method for the present invention, in the process of running the service object, if it is necessary to read the flow chart of the system resource, the resource here refers to the system attribute in the Java system (it has a name and a value). You can create system properties and assign values to them in the Java virtual machine. There is only one copy of the system property with the same name in the virtual machine. For different real Web service containers, they run in their own independent Java virtual machines, and the reading and writing of system properties by them and the services running in them will not cause changes to the system properties of other containers. Now a plurality of virtual containers run in the same Java virtual machine, the method provided by the present invention can allow the virtual containers to read and write their own system resources, so as not to interfere with each other, specifically perform the following steps:

Step 20581, the system resource monitoring module monitors the reading of resources, obtains the thread group to which the current thread belongs, and searches for the corresponding virtual container according to its identifier;

Step 20582, the system resource monitoring module judges whether the virtual container exists, if yes, execute step 20583; otherwise execute step 20584;

Step 20583, the system resource monitoring module judges whether the resource exists in the virtual container, if yes, execute step 20585; otherwise execute step 20584;

Step 20584, the system resource monitoring module judges whether the resource exists in the Java virtual machine, if yes, execute step 20585; otherwise, return a null value;

Step 20585, the system resource monitoring module returns the resource value.

As shown in Figure 6, in step 2058 of the embodiment of the Web service automation testing method for the present invention, in the process of running the service object, if it is necessary to write a flow chart of system resources, the following steps are specifically performed:

Step 20581', the system resource monitoring module monitors the writing of resources, obtains the thread group to which the current thread belongs, and searches for the corresponding virtual container according to its identification;

Step 20582', the system resource monitoring module judges whether the virtual container exists, if yes, execute step 20583'; otherwise execute step 20584';

Step 20583', the system resource monitoring module judges whether the resource exists in the virtual container, if yes, execute step 20587'; otherwise execute step 20585';

Step 20584', the system resource monitoring module judges whether the resource exists in the Java virtual machine, if yes, execute step 20587'; otherwise execute step 20586';

Step 20585', create a new resource in the virtual container, and execute step 20587';

Step 20586', create this resource in the Java virtual machine, and execute step 20587';

Step 20587', write the value of the resource.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention without limitation. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be The scheme shall be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of method that realizes the Web service automatic test, wherein carry out following steps:

The test case that step 1, execution user write;

Step 2, set up the system resource monitor module, the read-write of surveillance resource;

Step 3, foundation also start acting server, intrasystem all-network are connected all be set to come transfer by acting server;

Step 4, JAVA virtual machine are set up the virtual web service container according to the service arrangement code in the described test case, and in this virtual web service container deployment services;

Testing authentication code in step 5, the described test case of execution, start the client of a called Web service, this client is set up the network connection service is called, call request is received and is passed to the virtual web service container by described acting server and handles, and the result that Web service is called returns to this client then;

Step 6, described its return value of testing authentication code tester of execution;

Step 7, output test result;

Step 8, end test.

2, the method for realization Web service automatic test according to claim 1, the test case in the wherein said step 1 are a series of in order to realize the code of test purpose, specifically comprise: service arrangement code and testing authentication code.

3, the method for realization Web service automatic test according to claim 1 and 2, the process of specifically setting up of virtual container described in the step 4 wherein may further comprise the steps:

Step 41, setting up a virtual container, is that it distributes a unique sign;

Step 42, set up a sets of threads, the sign that it is designated described virtual container is set;

Step 43, set up a thread that belongs to described sets of threads;

Step 44, start described thread, move described virtual container, and initialization belongs to the resource of this virtual container.

4, the method for realization Web service automatic test according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the idiographic flow of reception of acting server described in the step 5 and processing is:

Step 50, described acting server receive described call request;

Step 51, acting server judge whether described calling needs to monitor, if then execution in step 52; Otherwise execution in step 53;

Step 52, described system resource monitor module begin the monitoring network transmission;

Step 53, acting server need to judge whether the virtual container of visit, if then execution in step 54; Otherwise set up new network connection described call request is transmitted to real container, handle this request by real container;

Step 54, described acting server are given described virtual container with described call request and are handled;

Step 55, described virtual container judge whether to exist the service object of described call request, if, execution in step 58; Otherwise execution in step 56;

Step 56, described virtual container judge whether the service of described call request is disposed, if then execution in step 57; Otherwise the generation error response, execution in step 59;

Step 57, described virtual container are created described service object;

Step 58, described virtual container are given the service object with described call request and are handled, and move this service object, and generate response;

Step 59, described acting server return to described client with described response.

5, the method for realization Web service automatic test according to claim 4, in wherein said 58, in the described service object's of operation process, read apparatus resource if desired, then carry out following steps:

Step 581, system resource monitor module monitor reading of resource, obtain the affiliated sets of threads of current thread, search the corresponding virtual container according to its sign;

Step 582, system resource monitor module judge whether to exist described virtual container, if, execution in step 583; Otherwise execution in step 584;

Step 583, system resource monitor module judge whether described virtual container exists described resource, if, execution in step 585; Otherwise execution in step 584;

Step 584, system resource monitor module judge whether described Java Virtual Machine exists described resource, if, execution in step 585; Otherwise return null value;

Step 585, system resource monitor module return the value of described resource.

6, the method for realization Web service automatic test according to claim 4, in wherein said 58, in the described service object's of operation process, one-writing system resource if desired, then carry out following steps:

Step 581 ', the system resource monitor module monitors writing of resource, obtains the affiliated sets of threads of current thread, searches the corresponding virtual container according to its sign;

Step 582 ', the system resource monitor module judges whether to exist described virtual container, if, execution in step 583 '; Otherwise execution in step 584 ';

Step 583 ', the system resource monitor module judges whether described virtual container exists described resource, if, execution in step 587 '; Otherwise execution in step 585 ';

Step 584 ', the system resource monitor module judges whether described Java Virtual Machine exists described resource, if, execution in step 587 '; Otherwise execution in step 586 ';

Step 585 ', in virtual container newly-built described resource, execution in step 587 ';

Step 586 ', in Java Virtual Machine newly-built described resource, execution in step 587 ';

Step 587 ', write the value of described resource.

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