CN1630559A

CN1630559A - Method and apparatus for reducing carbon content of combustion ash and related products

Info

Publication number: CN1630559A
Application number: CNA99816173XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: C·J·科辛斯基
Original assignee: PITTSBURGH MINERAL ENVIRONMENT
Current assignee: PITTSBURGH MINERAL ENVIRONMENT
Priority date: 1999-12-28
Filing date: 1999-12-28
Publication date: 2005-06-22

Abstract

A method for reducing the carbon content of a combustion ash containing siliceous ash particles and carbon particles includes subjecting the combustion ash to comminution to reduce the particle size of the siliceous ash particles and the carbon particles followed by separating a portion of the carbon particles from the siliceous ash particles by subjecting the comminuted ash to a flow of gas which separates the carbon particles from the siliceous ash particles. The method preferably is performed in an unitary housing by employing autogenous grinding to effect the comminution of the particles and employing a classifying rotor to separate the comminuted portion of the carbon particles based on the density differential between the siliceous ash particles and the carbon particles. A method of making a concrete mixture employing the obtained combustion ash with reduced carbon content is also provided. An apparatus for reducing the carbon content of the combustion ash is also provided.

Description

Reduce the method and apparatus and the Related product of carbon content of combustion ash

Background of invention

The application relates to method and Related product and the relevant apparatus that reduces carbon content in the siliceous combustion ash.More particularly, the present invention relates to improve the method and the Related product and the relevant apparatus that coagulate hardware features of synthetic ash by de-carbon from burning flyash or similar substance.

As everyone knows, thin siliceous ash (particularly having been found that the flyash that is produced by coal combustion) has the wide range of commercial purposes, because the hardware features with fixed attention of this ash, they can be used as the substitute of Portland cement in the concrete.For obtaining the required hardware features that coagulates, the use of siliceous ash needs the carbon content in the ash will be lower than 6% weight usually in this application, is preferably lower than 4% weight or lower.This need be based on the following fact: the concrete character of having mixed the high-carbon ash can be inferior to the concrete character of having mixed the low-carbon (LC) ash, and be increased to 6% when above when the carbon content of ash, must significantly increase the water yield and the bleed dosage that uses in the mixture.

As everyone knows, the more strict air quality standard relevant with the operation of other industrial combustion with coal-fired power plant causes the setting and the use of burning gases purification techniques, these technology relate to combustion furnace, and combustion furnace produces low content nitrogen oxide (the low NO in the burning gases that are discharged into atmosphere _XCombustion furnace).The use of this combustion furnace has increased the carbon content of gained ash significantly, and has changed the character of gained ash and coagulated hardware features.The application of these new combustion furnaces has significantly reduced available ash amount, and wherein these available ashes are suitable for use as concrete and shaping building element.

In the ash quantity of carbon granules, size and dimension and entrain in the siliceous particle or and the carbon granules quantity of siliceous particle strong bond, ash in entrain in the carbon granules or and the siliceous amounts of particles of carbon granules strong bond and ash in siliceous particle to coagulate hardware features difference between ash and ash very big, this depends on combustion parameter and the pollution technology that adopts in the constituent, burning of coal.Optimum de-carbon need be removed greatly free carbon granules, release and remove that a part entrains into or carbon granules, release and the reservation of strong bond entrain into or the siliceous particle of strong bond and make the amount of the siliceous substance that is removed with carbon reduce to minimum in the given ash from ash.

Developed and commercialization be used for removing many method and apparatus of flyash carbon granules, comprising: based on the method for carbon burning, based on by machinery, static, gravity, flotation mode and in conjunction with the method for removal carbon granules.

Disclose the burner of de-carbon from flyash in United States Patent (USP) 5555821 and 5390611, it is by heating in the atmosphere of air and/or oxygen, makes in the ash most of free carbon by thermal oxide, thereby reaches the de-carbon purpose.Similarly, the content that reduces carbon content in the flyash is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 5160539 and 5399194, it separates fluid bed by the mixture of flyash/carbon being imported the dry gas bubble, then under the temperature that enough makes carbon burning to its air feed, reach the de-carbon purpose thus.Although effectively, this method energy consumption is big on the carbon amount that reduces flyash for all these thermal methods, it comprises expensive material processed operation, and has reduced the possibility that reclaims any carbon value from ash.

A kind of mechanical device of removing carbon based on the carbon granules in the ash and the relative granularity of silicon grain from siliceous ash is disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 5797496, it relates to the screen cloth that makes mixture of fly ash pass through various mesh sizes, thereby will separate from thinner siliceous particle than thick carbon granules.

By Groppo, J.G., Brooks.S.M. and Kricser (" by air separation preferred powder coal ash ", the SME meeting, March, 1995) gravitational separation device of de-carbon from siliceous ash/carbon mix is disclosed, it relates to makes mixture be subjected to the air-flow effect, and carbon granules wherein bigger, not too densification is separated from less, dense siliceous particle.United States Patent (USP) 3769054 has been described other gravitational separation device, it discloses to obtaining the content that low carbon part and high carbon part carry out pneumatic separation and high carbon part is sieved flyash/carbon mix, United States Patent (USP) 5299692 discloses a kind of separation method, it is based on vibrate flyash/carbon mix on an inclined plane, make light high carbon part be raised to the mixture top, make the heavy siliceous part of low-carbon (LC) be deposited to the mixture bottom, make the top mixture be subjected to the windstream effect simultaneously, this air-flow has been removed high carbon part and it has been collected in the collecting chamber from mixture." Japanese investigation of materials association collection of thesis; Volume18A " (" by grind and air classification separation of fine coal ash in the experiment of residual carbon ") in reported the bi-level treatment method of de-carbon during the semolina coal ash partly, this carbon removal treatment is finished by combustion ash is carried out elementary pneumatic separation, this processing comprises carrying out second step process from the high-carbon coarse component in the elementary pneumatic separation step, in second step, mechanical lapping is combined with pneumatic separation in a certain way, this mode can cause optionally grinding the free carbon granules in the coarse component, and can not reduce the granularity of soot particle in the coarse component or influence its feature.

The electrostatic equipment of de-carbon from flyash/carbon mix is disclosed in United States Patent (USP) 4357234,4514289 and 4517078.Usually, in each of these methods, reach the separation purpose by the effect that makes flyash/carbon mix be subjected to directed electrostatic force, electrostatic force moves carbon granules lighter, that carried charge is higher, its moving direction is different with the moving direction of siliceous particle heavier, that carried charge is lower, thereby material is divided into high carbon part and low carbon part.The electrostatic methods of another de-carbon from flyash discloses in United States Patent (USP) 4556481, this method comprises: when flyash/carbon mix is remained on the fluidisation attitude, make the material of fluidisation be subjected to electrostatic field, this electrostatic field applies centrifugal force to the carbon granules with higher electric weight, the part that is rich in carbon is moved, and its moving direction is different with the moving direction of the siliceous part of low-carbon (LC).United States Patent (USP) 4115256 discloses the content of electrostatic separation carbon and siliceous ash particles, and it comprises: make carbon part pass through the crossing current of ionized air to concentrate described carbon part.

The device of removing carbon by flotation unit from flyash is disclosed in the United States Patent (USP) 4121945, it comprises that Preliminary screening flyash/carbon mix is to remove coarse granule, from mixture, remove most carbon to produce the siliceous part of low-carbon (LC) by froth flotation, grind the siliceous part of low-carbon (LC) then so that further improve its hardware features that coagulates.United States Patent (USP) 4426282,5047145 and 5227047 has been described a kind of rapid method of multistep that does not comprise preliminary scalping, and it utilizes the carbon content in wet flotation means reduction flyash/carbon mix.

Although can use aforementioned all methods to remove carbon granules from the silex coal ash, the hardware features with fixed attention of efficient that it reached and removal degree and the siliceous part of gained low-carbon (LC) depends primarily on the physical property of original ash.In addition, these methods can not reclaim effectively entrain into or strong bond on the siliceous ash carbon release and reservation combine carbon granules or with the siliceous substance of carbon granules strong bond.

Therefore, just need high, effective, the economic method and apparatus of a kind of energy rate, in order to from fine ash/carbon mix, to remove and to reclaim free carbon and in conjunction with carbon, the output that this has improved low carbon part and has reclaimed carbon, and improved it and coagulated hardware features, improved the application as a kind of composition in concrete, shaping building element and other construction material of siliceous part thus.The validity of this method and apparatus can significantly improve ash after the processing as the consumption value and the level of consumption of concrete additive, and significantly minimizing must be handled grey volume in the landfill yard.

Summary of the invention

The present invention can satisfy needs recited above.The invention provides a kind of efficiently, cost-effective method to be to reduce the carbon content in combustion ash/carbon mix, this method removed most of free carbon granules and in conjunction with carbon granules from mixture, and improved the performance that the low-carbon (LC) siliceous ash gives over to concrete, shaping building element and other construction material component.Size and dimension, the release of contained carbon granules and siliceous particle combines with siliceous particle or combines with carbon granules or the siliceous particle bonding with it with its bonding carbon granules and/or release in ash/mixture in order to change simultaneously, more preferably by pulverizing ash/carbon mix and finishing de-carbon work by pneumatic separation mode separating obtained carbon granules and siliceous particle.More preferably, in a device, finish simultaneously and pulverize and particle separation, pulverize and separate but also can sequentially finish at a set of equipment or in the equipment of two covers or more separation.

The present invention also comprises a kind of device that comprises the carbon content of combustion ash of siliceous ash and carbon granules in order to reduction.This device comprises reducing mechanism, in order to reduce the granularity of siliceous ash and carbon granules.This device further comprises separator, in order to the air-flow effect that is subjected to by the combustion ash that makes pulverizing carbon granules to be separated from siliceous ash the pulverizing part of carbon granules is separated from siliceous ash, thereby acquisition has reduced the combustion ash of carbon content.

An object of the present invention is de-carbon from ash/carbon mix, it is reached to strengthen its level as the mixture character of concrete composition, shaping building element and other construction material.

Another object of the present invention is to isolate the carbon granules of desired quantity from ash/carbon mix, makes the flyash amount minimum of being separated together simultaneously.

Another object of the present invention is carbon content in ash/carbon mix to be reduced to be lower than 6% weight, preferably to being 4% weight or lower.

Another object of the present invention is the carbon content of utilizing in that commerce can get, economic treatment facility reduction ash/carbon mix.

Another object of the present invention be just need not at first mixture to be added in the liquid medium can be from ash/carbon mix de-carbon.

Another object of the present invention is to finish de-carbon from ash/carbon mix in the hardware features mode of coagulating that improves products obtained therefrom.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device that reduces carbon content in the combustion ash for the combustion ash that obtains to have reduced carbon content.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cement that has reduced carbon content by employing and makes concrete method.

By following detailed description of the present invention and with reference to accompanying drawing the easier quilt of these and other objects of the present invention is understood.

Brief Description Of Drawings

The block diagram of Fig. 1 one embodiment of the invention is wherein carried out in turn and is pulverized and separating step.

Fig. 2 makes the block diagram of one embodiment of the invention, wherein carries out sequential comminution and separation process by remove coarse granule from grey mixture.

Fig. 3 A is the vertical cut-away schematic view of one embodiment of the invention, wherein pulverizes simultaneously and separating step.

Fig. 3 B is the vertical cross-sectional schematic diagram of reducing mechanism in the embodiment shown in the presentation graphs 3A.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to the flotation-dividing part of embodiment shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B, and these parts are used for carrying out classified and separated to the particulate constituent of ash.

Preferred embodiment is described

Words and phrases used herein " ash " are meant the solid product that coal or the burning of other siliceous material obtain.

Term used herein " siliceous ash " and " siliceous particle " are meant the ash and the particle of silicon oxide-containing, and these ashes and particle can contain or not contain the oxide of other metal, and described metal includes but not limited to calcium, aluminium, iron and copper.

Term used herein " flyash " is meant the fine grained of ash, and this fine grained is taken out of from the combustion chamber by gas combustion product, then from wherein separating.

Term used herein " bottom ash " refers to soot particle, and soot particle is stayed in the combustion chamber in combustion process, then from wherein being eliminated out.

Term used herein " pneumatic separation " should refer to: for separating each particle size fraction in the ash discharge, can make ash be subjected to the controlled air of direction or other gas stream effect based on the granularity and/or the density of every class, thereby realize the purpose of sorting soot particle.

Term used herein " cement " should refer to that known cement or other are used to produce concrete mix and/or concrete suitable adhesive.

The present invention by will to the pulverizing of carbon containing siliceous ash with the pneumatic separation of pulverizing grey mixture is combined, thereby simplified separating of contained carbon granules and siliceous particle in the original grey mixture.For the relative size of carbon granules and siliceous particle and the difference of shape are reduced to minimum, can realize above-mentioned improvement by grinding contained carbon granules and the siliceous particle of ash, guarantee to separate the density contrast that mainly is based between low-density carbon granules and the siliceous particle of high density thus.May be implemented in a variety of ways this improvement separates.

Fig. 1 represents one embodiment of the invention, and wherein order ground is by pulverizing grey mixture 2 and will the ash 4 through pulverizing being divided into high carbon part 6 and low carbon part 8 reduces carbon content in the combustion ash mixture 1 that contains carbon granules and siliceous particle.Utilize mechanical device can realize the pulverizing of ash, these mechanical devices include but not limited to: ball mill, roller, hammer-mill or other can reach the mechanical device of wishing degree of grinding; Vibrator; And/or from the body grinder.After finishing pulverizing, the vibration of utilize the pneumatic separation device of for example dried fluid bed seperator, describing before this with reference to United States Patent (USP) 5299692 and the combination of windstream and or by single-stage and multistage pneumatic separation device with desirable partly from the siliceous particle of higher density, separating than the low-density carbon granules, single-stage or multistage pneumatic separation device Hosokawa Micron Power systems of Summit for example wherein, the single-wheel that New Jersey, U.S.A produce and sell, take turns sorter or similar sorter more.

After finishing separating step 4, high carbon part 6 and low carbon part 8 after deposit separates before utilizing or handling.Alternatively, can obtain to improve the carbon content of high carbon part 6 by high carbon part 6 being carried out secondary separation 12, and obtain other low carbon materials.Similarly, can improve the value of low carbon part 8 by low carbon part 8 is carried out secondary separation 12, and obtain other high-carbon raw material.Utilize the pneumatic separation device mention before this, foam floating flotating device or anyly be suitable for further separating the device siliceous and the carbon component that grey mixture tentatively reclaims in gained pulverizing and the sorting product and carry out this two-part secondary separation.

Fig. 2 represents second embodiment of the present invention, wherein for removed the coarse granule of a part from grey mixture before the pulverising step 2 of ash, initial gross separation step 14 is attached in the treatment step shown in Figure 1.Can reduce the required time of pulverising step 2 in conjunction with separating step 14, and improve the efficient and the validity of from the siliceous particle of grey mixture, separating carbon granules in the separating step 4.

Preferably, can by by means of machinery in an operation or in body grinding and air or other air-flow the mode that combines of the size separation of pulverized particles pulverize simultaneously and mask work.Most preferably, this pulverizing carried out simultaneously and sorting comprise grinding from body of ash.Preferably by adopting a kind of can overlapping in the equipment finish this work in conjunction with the device of opposed aeropulverizer pulverizing and pneumatic separation one.The device of finishing this work is that commerce can get, for example by Hosokawa Micron Powersystems of Summit, and New Jersey, the MODEL 400 AFG series of the fluidisation aeropulverizer that U.S.A and affiliated company produce and sell.

Fig. 3 A represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein grey mixture 30 is introduced in the grinder/sorter unit 32 of combination, wherein for separating from the siliceous particle of ash and removing most of carbon granules the air or the pneumatic separation that grind with pulverized particles from body of grey mixture is combined.Combination grinder/sorter 32 comprises: feed arrangement 34 can enter the unit by its grey mixture 30; Two or more nozzles 36, nozzle can be provided with like this: be focused on the point 38 from the compressed air or the gas of the ejection of each nozzle, this point 38 is located substantially on and the equidistant position of inner surface of each nozzle.Grinder/sorter 32 also comprises: the sorting rotor 40 of the described type in back, and the more carefully and not too fine and close particle 41 of comminution of material 44 can pass through this rotor; Collection channel 42, they just were transferred this collection channel when more carefully and not too fine and close particle 41 is discharged from described grinder/sorter; Collecting chamber 46, pulverize thicker and dense in the ash, can not will be collected into wherein by the particle 48 of sorting rotor 40, discharge by discharger 50 then.

Fig. 4 describes sorting rotor 40 in detail, it is essentially cylindrical, and comprising two

end plates

60,62 that connect with a plurality of blades 64, blade 64 is arranged essentially parallel to the turning cylinder 66 of described cylindrical rotor and is provided with spaced reciprocally on circumference, thereby forms interval 68 between each blade 64.As shown in Figure 3A, when sorting rotor 64 rotates around axle 66, at interval 68 make specific dimensions and density, more carefully and not too fine and close particle 41 by between the blade 64, it is discharged from grinder/sorter 32 by thin material passage 42.

With reference to Fig. 3 A and Fig. 4, when air being used for from body grinding and grain sorting when separating, air nozzle 36 with provide the arm 52 of compressed air (not shown) to join to each described nozzle.And arm 52 joins by feeder 54 and compressed air source (not shown).Air nozzle 36 can constitute and be provided with usually like this: produce a flow pattern from the speed and the momentum of nozzle ejection air, this flow pattern can blow to each nozzle center with carbon in the grey mixture 30 and siliceous ash, these particles are accelerated to certain impact velocity in this center, and this speed is to collide each other at the overall area place of air nozzle convergent point 38 and realize that particle to a certain degree pulverizes required when described particle.From described convergent point, by the compressed air of the air nozzle of grinder/32 bottoms, sorter unit ejection with produce upwards flow air stream by the pressure differential between the sorting rotor 40 and the low-pressure air of discharging by the material channel 42 on top, described unit, this air stream will pulverize raw material 44 more carefully and/or the particle 41 of not too densification make progress and be with to sorting rotor 40.The size of the carefully and not too dense granule 41 of blade 64 interbody spacers that can be by sorting rotor 40 depends on the rotating speed of described rotor, 68 size, the upwards momentum of dense granule 41 more carefully and not too at interval, and this momentum is subjected to granularity and the density and the upwards control of airflow flowing speed of described crushed fine particle.From grinder/sorter, discharge by material collection channel 42 by interval 68 particles that enter sorting rotor 40.Do not have enough momentum by 68 particle at interval because the gravity effect is deposited to aforementioned lower from the body abrasive areas, they are entrained in the compressed air stream of nozzle 36 discharges once more at this, repeat crushing process then, the ideal of carbon and siliceous ash is pulverized and separation degree in reaching carbon mix 30.

The compressed air flow velocity degree that air nozzle 36 is discharged can be controlled the degree of grinding that is reached to a great extent in the body process of lapping, and compressed air flow velocity degree is by the nozzle arrangements that comprises length, air channel diameter, controls by gas manifold 52 relative to each other orientation between the pressure of described nozzle air feed, the quantity that adopts nozzle and nozzle.For the particle of specific dimensions and density, air nozzle 36 numbers that adopted are big approximately, and the air pressure that offers described nozzle is high more, and then near the speed that particle collides each other the convergent point 38 is big more, and the particle degree of grinding that is obtained is high more.For at the commercial mixture of fly ash of similarly in the body milling apparatus, pulverizing with aforementioned Hosokawa Model 400 AFG Fluidized Jet Mill, it has been determined that and adopt all air nozzles 36 between 6 millimeters to 10 millimeters and make air pressure can reach gratifying crushing effect of three diameters at least greater than 20psi.Preferably, adopt 3 to 12 nozzles, the air channel diameter of each nozzle and makes air pressure per square inch between 45 pounds to 70 pounds between 6 to 10 millimeters.For obtaining that the ideal of specific ash is pulverized between diameter, nozzle length and the nozzle of the Size Distribution of size and dimension that the optimum nozzle number that adopts and air pressure is decided by grinder/sorter 32 usually, soot particle and density, nozzle air passage relative to each other orientation.Air nozzle 36 can be radially and is arranged on the horizontal plane, or is arranged on rotation and changes into level less than 90 degree and have on the plane of certain angle.In certain embodiments, by at least one air nozzle vertically upward is set at the center, the jet-stream wind that sprays from horizontal location nozzle or angled location nozzle is intersected, can strengthen the crushing effect of particle in the grey mixture 30 thus.

For obtaining the required upwards momentum in interval 68 by sorting rotor 40, utilize the rotating speed of described sorting rotor, granularity carefully described and not too dense granule and density and comminution of material 44 be suspended in the carefully ability of dense granule 41 not very that wherein the upwards speed of air flow is controlled comminution of material 44.The rotating speed of sorting rotor 40 is high more, and carefully described and not too fine and close particle 41 is by at interval 68 and to discharge required momentum from grinder/sorter 32 big more.Therefore, under any one group of given operating condition, the rotating speed that improves sorting rotor 40 can reduce can be by more carefully and the not too size and/or the density of dense granule 41 at interval 68 in the described rotor, and the reduction rotating speed can remove the particle of larger particles and higher density by material collection channel 42 from system.

When employing be similar to aforementioned Hosokawa Model 400 AFG Fluidized Jet Mill from the body milling apparatus time, confirmable is to remove by making sorting rotor 40 rotate the best that can realize grey mixture 30 low close rich carbon parts with the speed that can remove desired size and density particle from comminution of material 44.Preferably, sorting rotor 40 rotates to the speed of 6000rpm with 2000rpm, is preferably especially with 3000rpm and rotates to the speed of 5000rpm.Less when body milling apparatus (the sorting rotor that it adopts is littler than the sorting rotor that described Model 400 AFG are adopted) when adopting, must improve spinner velocity to reach satisfied separation.For with the similar less aeropulverizer of Hosokawa Model400 AFG Fluidized Jet Mill, typical sorter spinner velocity is 20000 to 25000rpm.

Further confirmable is can significantly be reduced to the required time of desired level of removing carbon from mixture of fly ash 30 that reaches by comminution of material 44 particles that suspend in the aforementioned upwards air flow of two-stage sorting.In this embodiment of the present invention, for restriction can be by the more carefully and not too amount of dense granule 41 of interval 68 comminution of material 44 in the described rotor, sorting rotor 40 is to rotate relative to higher speed during beginning, make most of carefully described and not too fine and close materials thus because gravity effect drops in the crushed zone of grinder/sorter 32 bottoms, particle carefully described and not too fine and close in this crushed zone is subjected to further grinding from body.This more carefully and not too the additional pulverizing of dense granule 41 cause obtaining more quickly to pulverize more uniform carbon granules of granularity and siliceous ash in the combination ash.One obtains desirable size distribution in the grey mixture of described pulverizing, just reduces the rotating speed of sorting rotor 40.This speed reduces to have reduced more carefully and not too fine and close particle 41 is upwards carried with by described rotor 68 required momentum at interval by grinder/sorter 32 upper air, and this has quickened to remove more carefully from the broken material blends 44 of fine powder and the speed of dense granule not too, has also promoted to remove more low-density carbon granules from the siliceous particle of the higher density of the broken material of described fine powder.What can also determine is, when aforesaid Hosokawa Model 400 AFG FluidizedJet Mill are used for this two-stage sorting, can utilize begin for 5500rpm to the high rotating speed of 6000rpm scope, then be preferably in 3000rpm realizes significantly shortening the pulverizing time to the low speed of 5000rpm scope purpose.For the pulverizing that obtains desired level with separate the best 40 high rotating speeds of the sorting rotor that utilizes and the slow-speed of revolution and depend on the external diameter of described rotor and the size of rotor blade 64 interbody spacers 68 wherein, described high rotating speed and slow-revving the setting must be based on by the character of levigate grey mixture 30 and the grinding of being adopted and the types of separation equipment.

Raising can further reduce desirable pulverizing and the required time of separation degree of obtaining by the compressed air of nozzle 36 or the temperature of gas.In this embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the temperature of described compressed air or gas is at least 70 degrees centigrade (158 degrees Fahrenheits), more preferably with temperature maintenance between 100 degrees centigrade (212 degrees Fahrenheits) to 200 degrees centigrade (392 degrees Fahrenheits).

Can further find, also can be reduced to and reach in the grey mixture ideal of carbon and siliceous ash and pulverize and separate the required time by from combustion ash, removing more coarse granules before the pulverizing that is subjected at ash carrying out simultaneously and the pneumatic separation.For the pulverizing that reduces pulverized particles with separate required time, the granular size that be removed depends on the size distribution and the character of combustion ash.Can remove these coarse granules for device known in those skilled in the art by screening, static, dried fluid bed separation, centrifugation or any other.For reducing pulverizing and separating the required time, the minimum particle size of being removed by aforementioned any device is about 73 microns (200 orders).

Though above-mentioned for convenience's sake discussion and explanation are carried out with pneumatic separation from the body grinding with reference to carrying out simultaneously in a device, but it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the special equipment that also can adopt each operation is by means of grinding and pneumatic separation realization the present invention from body in sequence.

Though above-mentioned for convenience's sake discussion and explanation are carried out with reference to remove carbon granules from mixture of fly ash, it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the present invention also can be used for pulverizing and separating carbon granules from ash mixtures, and improve its hardware features that coagulates.

Following examples provide the preferred implementation of enumerating that adopts the inventive method.

Embodiment 1

This embodiment shows by the combine burning flyash de-carbon that obtain satisfaction of pulverizing with pneumatic separation, total carbon can be reduced to below 6% (6%LOI) in the ash of processing back, this is that loss on ignition method according to standard A STM records, and this content is to make to handle ash and be suitable for being used in required level in concrete and other building products.

The representative ash sample that the flyash that uses in an embodiment produces as coal combustion in the commercial power plant.The total carbon of utilizing standard loss on ignition analytic approach to record the ash that produces is 8.5%LOI.

In this embodiment, by ball mill the ash sample of 5 heavy 2.2 pounds (1 kilograms) is carried out mechanical crushing.Make sample mix by the fusion mode then, and from the material of fusion, gather 0.23 pound of (0.1 kilogram) sample, utilize the Alpine Model 50 ATP pneumatic separation machines of commercially producing by Alpine Aktiengelleschaft (branch company of Hosokawa Micron group company) this sample to be divided into high-carbon component and low-carbon components by the pneumatic separation mode.The ball mill diameter is 8 inches (8 " D), and length is 9.5 inches (9 " L), and it ground 30 minutes with speed that per minute 35 changes (35rpm).Utilize wheel speed to be about the pneumatic separation device pneumatic separation 5 minutes of 3.6 millibars (0.05psi) for 22000rpm, air pressure.

One finishes sorting step, just determines to finish by standard loss on ignition analytic approach and stays the thick and carbon content of fine and close pulverizing ash in the sorter after the sorting step.Show described than slightly and than tight section (this part is intended to as the low carbon part that is suitable for use in concrete and other building element) this analysis result of carbon content being reduced to the 3.0%LOI of total amount.

This embodiment clearly illustrates that, by utilizing the combination of mechanical crushing and pneumatic separation, the carbon content of burning flyash can be reduced to the level that maximum is no more than 6%LOI, be preferably the level of 4%LOI, this level is required as the component in concrete, shaping building element and other construction material with handling ash.

Embodiment 2

This embodiment shows, can realize de-carbon from coal combustion flyash satisfactorily by the combination of pulverizing from body with the pneumatic separation that carries out simultaneously, and measure through secundum legem ASTM loss on ignition method, total carbon in the processing ash is reduced to and is lower than 6% (6%LOI), and this level is to handle ash to be suitable for being used in concrete and other building element required.

The representative sample of the commercial power plant combustion ash of coal that uses among the flyash that uses among this embodiment and the embodiment 1 is identical.By standard loss on ignition assay, the total carbon of this generation ash is 8.5%LOI.

In this embodiment, the Alpine Model 100 AFG air-abrasion machines that utilize the commercial Alpine aktiengelleschaft (branch company of Hosokawa Micron group company) that can get to produce are pulverized the generation ash of 0.39 pound (0.175 kilogram) by grinding from body, simultaneously, by pneumatic separation it is separated with low carbon part for being divided into the high-carbon part through the ash of pulverizing.Aforementioned aeropulverizer is provided with three 2.5 millimeters air spray air caps.Utilize the air pressure of 40psi to finish pulverizing, and utilize the sorting rotating speed of 22000rpm to finish pneumatic separation.That carries out simultaneously carried out 5 minutes from body grinding and pneumatic separation.

One finishes pulverizing and the sorting of carrying out simultaneously, the more carefully and not too carbon content of tight section of just utilizing standard loss on ignition analytic approach to determine to stay in the operating process carbon content of the thick and fine and close pulverizing ash mixture part in the airbrasive machine and remove from sorter.Those expressions are described thick and be reduced to the 5.2%LOI of total amount than the analysis result of the carbon content of tight section (this part is intended to as the low carbon part that is suitable for concrete and its building products), and more carefully and not too the carbon content of tight section has been elevated to the 19.4%LOI of total amount.

This embodiment clearly illustrates that, by utilizing pulverizing and pneumatic separation of carrying out simultaneously from body, the carbon content of coal combustion flyash is lowered to the level that maximum is no more than 6%LOI, and this level is to handle ash as concrete, shaping building element, the component in other construction material is required.

Embodiment 3

This embodiment represents to improve and is used in the normal air aeropulverizer can reducing from grinding and the coal combustion flyash of pneumatic separation required pulverizing/sorting time of de-carbon satisfactorily from body of being subjected to carrying out simultaneously from the air themperature that body grinds.This embodiment shows further that the total carbon of handling in the ash can be reduced to and is lower than 6% (6%LOI), and this result is that establishing criteria ASTM loss on ignition method measures, and this level makes to be handled ash and be suitable for being used in concrete and other building element required.

Used flyash is the combustion ash of coal in commercialization power plant among this embodiment, and its total carbon is 12.3%LOI, and this result determines by standard loss on ignition analytic approach.Ash will stand two process-cycles, these two air themperature differences that the process-cycle difference only is to enter the unit.Utilize commercial Hosokawa Model 400 AFG fluidized jet mill that can get and the sorter wheel speed of air pressure that utilizes 45psi and 5500rpm to finish this two cycles.Utilizing temperature is that the air of 70 (21 ℃) implemented for the first described cycle, and utilizing temperature is that the air of 295 (146 ℃) is implemented described second round.Under each air themperature condition, after 10 minutes and 20 minutes, take out and stay pulverizing ash sample (promptly being suitable for use as the part of various building products components) thick and fine and close low carbon part in the aeropulverizer.

The result who has shown above-mentioned test in the table 1, the carbon content that these results represent to carry out under 70 (21 ℃) conditions the low carbon part of pulverizing ash handled in 10 minutes is 7.2%, and the carbon content of the ash of the same race that carries out handling in 10 minutes under 295 (146 ℃) conditions is 5.7%.Similarly, the carbon content of carrying out the low carbon part of pulverizing ash handled in 20 minutes under 70 (21 ℃) conditions is 5.2%, and the carbon content of the ash of the same race that carries out handling in 10 minutes under 295 (146 ℃) conditions is 3.6%.

Table 1

Under following 295 (146 ℃) conditions of processing time 70 (21 ℃) conditions

The carbon content of the ash that the carbon content of the ash of handling is handled

10 minutes 7.2%LOI 5.7%LOI

20 minutes 5.2%LOI 3.6%LOI

The result clearly illustrates that shown in the table 1, and the air themperature that is used for pulverizing with sorting by raising can reduce the processing coal combustion flyash required time of desirable carbon content that obtains.

Though known many concrete formulations to most of concrete versatile formulation are: cement or adhesive, water and aggregate.A proper formulation is: the sand of 24.2 percentage by weights, the coarse aggregate of 59.2 percentage by weights, the water of 5.5 percentage by weights, the ash of the cement of 9.4 percentage by weights and 1.7 percentage by weights.

Though for simplified illustration according to utilizing air as pulverizing the grinding and therefrom remove the gas medium that carbon granules uses of siliceous ash and carbon in ash/carbon mix from body, be understandable that and also can utilize other gas of implementing in a similar manner to realize the present invention.

Though for simplified illustration has reduced the size of siliceous particle and carbon granules in ash/carbon mix according to the mechanical crushing of utilizing particular form, be understandable that, also can utilize the mechanical crushing mode of other form to implement the present invention.

Though be simplified illustration foundation pulverizing of employing and grain sorting step when enforcement is of the present invention, be understandable that, also can adopt a plurality of pulverizing and sorting step to implement the present invention.

Though be simplified illustration according to the equipment of particular configuration pattern and size, be understandable that, also can utilize equipment enforcement the present invention of other tectonic type and size.

Though for simplified illustration according to utilizing specific air pressure, speed and temperature, be understandable that, also can utilize other air pressure, speed and temperature to implement the present invention.

Yet only described particular of the present invention for the purpose of illustration at this, obviously, those skilled in the art can make multiple variations in detail, but this can not break away from the scope of being illustrated by the claim of being added of the present invention.

Claims

1. a reduction comprises the method for the carbon content of combustion ash of siliceous ash and carbon granules, and it comprises:

Described combustion ash is pulverized, to reduce the granularity of described siliceous ash and described carbon granules; And

Thereby from described combustion ash, isolate the described carbon granules of described part by the air-flow effect that combustion ash through pulverizing is subjected to from described siliceous ash, to isolate a part of described carbon granules, to obtain to have reduced the described combustion ash of carbon content.

2. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

By grinding described combustion ash is implemented described pulverizing from body.

3. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

Implement described pulverizing by adopting mechanical lapping equipment to described combustion ash.

4. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

In single housing, described combustion ash implemented described pulverizing and implement described centrifugation the described carbon granules of described part.

5. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

The ash that employing produces by coal combustion is as described combustion ash.

6. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

Described combustion ash is implemented described pulverization, to produce usually the described siliceous ash approximate with described carbon granules size.

7. according to the method for claim 6, it comprises:

With density contrast between the described carbon granules the described part of described carbon granules is carried out described the separation according to described siliceous ash.

8. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises:

Before the described pulverizing of carrying out described combustion ash, from described combustion ash, isolate the carbon granules that to pulverize.

9. according to the process of claim 1 wherein

Described gas is air.

10. according to the process of claim 1 wherein

Described gas is heated.

11. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises

Produce the described combustion ash that reduces carbon content, the carbon content of this combustion ash is less than about 6 percent of combustion ash weight.

12. according to the method for claim 1, it comprises

Produce the described combustion ash that reduces carbon content, the carbon content of this combustion ash is less than about 4 percent of combustion ash weight.

13. a method of making concrete mix, it comprises

The combustion ash that contains siliceous ash and carbon granules is pulverized, to reduce the granularity of siliceous ash and described carbon granules;

Thereby from combustion ash, isolate the described carbon granules of described part by the combustion ash that makes through pulverizing is subjected to a part of carbon granules being separated from siliceous ash air-flow effect, to obtain to have reduced the described combustion ash of carbon content; And

To the described combustion ash fusion aggregate of carbon content and cement have been reduced to make concrete mix.

14. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

15. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

By adopting mechanical lapping equipment described combustion ash is implemented described pulverizing.

16. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

In single housing, described combustion ash is implemented described pulverizing and implement described the separation with described part to described carbon granules.

17. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

The ash that adopts the coal combustion generation is as described combustion ash.

18. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

Described combustion ash is implemented described pulverizing, to produce usually the described siliceous ash approximate with described carbon granules size.

19. according to the method for claim 18, it comprises

With the density contrast between the described carbon granules the described part of described carbon granules is implemented described the separation according to described siliceous ash.

20. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

21. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

22. according to the method for claim 13, it comprises

Add water and it is mixed to make concrete with water to described concrete mix.

23. a device is used to reduce the carbon content of combustion ash that comprises siliceous ash and carbon granules, to obtain to have reduced the grey component of carbon content, it comprises:

Reducing mechanism is in order to reduce the granularity of siliceous ash and described carbon granules; And

Separator, thus from siliceous ash, isolate the described carbon granules of described part in order to the air-flow effect that is subjected to the described carbon granules of a described part being separated by the combustion ash that makes through pulverizing from described siliceous ash.

24. according to the device of claim 23, wherein

Described reducing mechanism comprises from the body lapping device.

25. according to the device of claim 24, wherein

Described separator comprises the sorting rotor.

26. according to the device of claim 25, wherein

Described sorting rotor is isolated the described part of described carbon granules based on the density contrast between siliceous ash and the carbon granules.

27. according to the device of claim 26, wherein

Described sorting rotor is with first speed of service and the rotation of second speed of service, described first speed of service is than described second speed of service height, and described second speed of service and first speed of service specific energy mutually make the described described carbon granules of having pulverized of greater number by described sorting rotor.

28. according to the device of claim 23, wherein

Described reducing mechanism comprises mechanical lapping equipment.

29. according to the device of claim 23, wherein

Described combustion ash is produced by coal combustion.