CN113787188B - Method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting-out - Google Patents
Method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting-out Download PDFInfo
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002042 Silver nanowire Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diammonium sulfite Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])=O PQUCIEFHOVEZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium nitrite Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-]N=O CAMXVZOXBADHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 further Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000879 optical micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004917 polyol method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])=O BHZRJJOHZFYXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019252 potassium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salt, which comprises the following steps: (1) Adding water into the silver nanowire synthetic solution for dilution, then sequentially adding inorganic salt (supersaturated) and alkali to obtain a suspension, standing for layering, and separating to obtain flocculate; (2) Adding PVP and water into the flocculate to obtain silver nanowire dispersion liquid; (3) Adding inorganic salt (supersaturated) and alkali into the silver nanowire dispersion liquid to obtain flocculate again; and (4) repeating the steps (2) and (3) for a plurality of times, and dispersing the obtained flocculate in the aqueous solution of PVP to obtain the purified silver nanowire dispersion liquid. The purification method of the silver nanowires is simple to operate, low in cost, free of any organic solvent, small in harm to human bodies and environment in the operation process, low in requirements on production and operation environments, free of organic solvent in waste liquid, easy to process, capable of further reducing production cost, and suitable for purification treatment of large-scale silver nanowires.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of silver nanowire purification, in particular to a method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out.
Background
The silver nanowire has good conductivity, excellent light transmission, bending resistance, length-diameter ratio effect and the like, and has wide application prospects in the fields of flexible electronic devices, catalysis, antibiosis and the like. At present, the polyol method is a mainstream preparation method of silver nanowires due to the advantages of simple operation, high yield, large-scale production and the like, but a certain amount of silver nanoparticles are mixed in the silver nanowire synthetic solution prepared by the method, and the byproducts can seriously affect the photoelectric properties of the silver nanowires and usually purify the silver nanowire synthetic solution.
The existing purification methods of the silver nanowire synthetic solution mainly comprise a centrifugal sedimentation method, an organic solvent precipitation method and the like. The centrifugal sedimentation method is used for strictly controlling the centrifugal time and speed, if the centrifugal time or speed is insufficient, the silver nanoparticles and the silver nanowires are difficult to separate, and if the centrifugal speed is too high and the centrifugal time is too long, the silver nanoparticles are easy to settle together with the silver nanowires, so that the separation and purification effects are difficult to achieve by the centrifugal sedimentation method, and the silver nanowires are easy to agglomerate to form blocks which are difficult to disperse after multiple centrifugal operations; in addition, by utilizing the dissolving property of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), PVP poor solvents such as acetone, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether are added into the silver nanowire synthetic solution to separate out PVP which plays a role in dispersing silver nanowires, further, silver nanowires are agglomerated into flocculent precipitate and are settled, and the number of nanoparticles in the silver nanowire synthetic solution is obviously reduced by repeated settlement for a plurality of times.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out, which reduces the solubility of PVP (polyvinyl pyrrolidone) by adding inorganic salt and alkali into a silver nanowire synthetic solution, so that the PVP is separated out to lose the effect of dispersing the silver nanowires, and the silver nanowires are agglomerated into flocculent separated out to achieve the effect of separating the silver nanowires from silver nanoparticles.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for purifying silver nanowires by using inorganic salt, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding water into the silver nanowire synthetic solution to dilute to obtain a diluent, then sequentially adding inorganic salt and alkali into the diluent to obtain a suspension, standing for layering, and separating to obtain flocculate; the inorganic salt is added to supersaturation;
(2) Dispersing the flocculate into PVP and water to obtain silver nanowire dispersion liquid;
(3) Adding inorganic salt and alkali into the silver nanowire dispersion liquid in sequence, standing and layering to obtain flocculate again; the inorganic salt is added to supersaturation;
(4) And (4) repeating the steps (2) and (3) for at least 5 times to obtain the purified silver nanowire floc.
Further, in the step (1), the solid content of silver in the diluent is 0.05 to 0.3wt%.
Further, the water is preferably purified water.
Further, the inorganic salt includes one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, ammonium bromide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, ammonium sulfite, sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite, and ammonium nitrite.
Further, the alkali comprises one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and ammonia water, and the addition of the alkali can reduce the solubility of PVP in water and promote the precipitation of PVP.
Further, in the step (1), the amount of the base added is 1 to 10wt% of the diluent.
Further, in the steps (1) and (3), the standing time is 3-30min.
Further, in the step (2), the PVP is added in an amount of 0.01-0.5wt% of the silver nanowire dispersion liquid.
Further, when the ratio of the content of the silver particles to the total content of silver in the silver nanowire synthetic solution is less than 30%, repeating for 5-10 times; when the ratio is 30-50%, repeating for 10-20 times; when the ratio is more than 50%, repeating for no less than 20 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts inorganic salt and alkali to reduce the solubility of PVP in the silver nanowire synthetic solution, so that PVP is separated out to lose the action of dispersing the silver nanowires, the silver nanowires are agglomerated into flocculent separation, and the effect of separating the silver nanowires and silver nanoparticles is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an optical microscope photograph (500 Xmagnification) of a silver nanowire synthetic fluid in example 1;
FIG. 2 is an optical microscopic image (500X magnification) of silver nanoparticles separated by the sedimentation treatment in example 1;
fig. 3 is an optical microscope photograph (500 × magnification) of the silver nanowire dispersion after purification in example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and the embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can carry out the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional ones unless otherwise specified, and the materials, reagents and the like used therein are commercially available.
Example 1
In this example, the silver nanowires in the silver nanowire synthetic solution are purified by the following steps:
(1) Adding 20kg of deionized water into 5kg of silver nanowire synthetic stock solution with the solid content of silver of 0.4% for dilution to obtain silver nanowire mixed solution, adding 9kg of sodium chloride into the silver nanowire mixed solution while stirring until the sodium chloride is not completely dissolved, then adding 5kg of 33% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, standing for 10min, and after layering in the mixed solution, extracting non-flocculates in the mixed solution to obtain flocculates;
(2) Adding 1kg of PVP with the concentration of 5% into the flocculate, supplementing purified water to 25kg, and uniformly stirring to redisperse the flocculated and settled silver nanowires to obtain silver nanowire dispersion liquid;
(3) Adding 9kg of sodium chloride into the silver nanowire dispersion liquid while stirring, adding 4kg of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution diluted by 33% aqueous solution, standing for 3min, and after layering in the mixed liquid, extracting non-flocculate in the mixed liquid to obtain flocculate;
(4) And (4) repeating the operations of the steps (2) and (3) for 8 times to obtain the purified silver nanowire.
The 500x optical micrographs of the silver nanowire synthesis stock solution, the separated silver nanoparticles and the purified silver nanowire dispersion solution of this example are shown in fig. 1 to 3, respectively; as can be seen from fig. 1, the silver nanowire synthesis stock solution contains a large amount of silver nanoparticles, and the silver nanowires shown in fig. 3 are obtained by the above-mentioned multiple sedimentation separation, only a very small amount of silver nanoparticles remain, and the purified silver nanowires still have good dispersibility.
Example 2
In this example, the silver nanowires in the silver nanowire synthetic solution are purified by the following steps:
(1) Adding 20kg of deionized water into 5kg of silver nanowire synthetic stock solution with the solid content of silver of 0.4% for dilution to obtain silver nanowire mixed solution, adding 8.5kg of potassium chloride into the silver nanowire mixed solution while stirring until the potassium chloride is not completely dissolved, adding 5kg of 33% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, standing for 10min, after layering in the mixed solution, pumping out non-flocculates in the mixed solution, and obtaining flocculates;
(2) Adding 1kg of PVP with the concentration of 5% into the flocculate, supplementing purified water to 25kg, and uniformly stirring to redisperse the flocculated and settled silver nanowires to obtain silver nanowire dispersion liquid;
(3) Adding 8.5kg of potassium chloride into the silver nanowire dispersion liquid while stirring, adding 4kg of potassium hydroxide aqueous solution diluted by 33% aqueous solution, standing for 3min, and after layering in the mixed solution, extracting non-flocculates in the mixed solution to obtain flocculates;
(4) And (4) repeating the operations of the steps (2) and (3) for 10 times to obtain the purified silver nanowire.
Through the operations of multiple times of sedimentation and dispersion, the silver nanoparticles in the synthetic stock solution are basically removed, thereby realizing the purification of the silver nanowires.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Adding water into the silver nanowire synthetic solution to dilute to obtain a diluent, then sequentially adding inorganic salt and alkali into the diluent to obtain a suspension, standing for layering, and separating to obtain flocculate; the inorganic salt is added to supersaturation;
(2) Adding PVP and water into the flocculate to obtain silver nanowire dispersion liquid;
(3) Adding inorganic salt and alkali into the silver nanowire dispersion liquid in sequence, standing and layering to obtain flocculate again; the inorganic salt is added to supersaturation;
(4) Repeating the steps (2) and (3) for at least 5 times to obtain purified silver nanowires;
the inorganic salt is sodium chloride or potassium chloride, and the alkali is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
2. The method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the solid content of silver in the dilution liquid is 0.05-0.3wt%.
3. The method for inorganic salting-out purification of silver nanowires according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the amount of the alkali added is 1-10wt% of the diluent.
4. The method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (1) and (3), the standing time is 3-30min.
5. The method for inorganic salting-out purification of silver nanowires according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), PVP is added in an amount of 0.01-0.5wt% of the silver nanowire dispersion.
6. The method for purifying silver nanowires by inorganic salting out as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the ratio of the content of silver particles to the total content of silver in the silver nanowire synthetic solution is less than 30%, repeating the steps for 5-10 times; when the ratio is 30-50%, repeating for 10-20 times; when the ratio is more than 50%, repeating for no less than 20 times.
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