CN113432470A - Sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method and device - Google Patents
Sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method and device Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
- F24S60/20—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors using chemical reactions, e.g. thermochemical reactions or isomerisation reactions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0004—Particular heat storage apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method and a device, wherein the device comprises a reactor, a heat exchanger and an energy storage device, the sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method comprises an energy storage process and an energy release process, the energy storage process is to convert heat energy into chemical energy by utilizing the chemical reaction of energy storage particles, and new solid substances produced after the reaction of the energy storage particles have higher heat and are stored at high temperature, namely sensible heat energy storage, and generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter and is stored in a storage tank, so that the energy storage is realized; the energy release process is that when the temperature of the externally provided gas is normal temperature or lower than the reaction temperature of the energy storage particles, the sensible heat of the new solid in the reactor heats the temperature of the gas in the reactor, so that the energy storage particles generate reverse reaction, and in a certain time, the energy release process does not need extra energy, thereby realizing heat release.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a sensible heat and thermochemical coupling heat storage method and device.
Background
In recent years, with global economic development, energy demand and consumption have increased year by year, placing tremendous pressure on energy supply. Greenhouse gases generated by traditional energy sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like have certain influence on human living environment and climate, and are not beneficial to sustainable development of global society and economy. Therefore, energy saving technology for recycling industrial waste heat and renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, and the like have been the focus of attention. Among them, solar energy can be applied to the fields of power generation, refrigeration, heating and the like through energy conversion such as photo-thermal, photo-electric, photochemical and the like, and is valued by governments of various countries.
There are discrete situations in the process of solar energy utilization, and there is a great deal of heat energy loss in the conversion process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sensible heat and thermochemical coupling heat storage device, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled thermal storage apparatus comprising:
the reactor is internally provided with a preheating zone, a fluidizing zone and a filtering zone, a ventilating net is arranged among the adjacent areas of the preheating zone, the fluidizing zone and the filtering zone, the preheating zone is provided with an air inlet, the fluidizing zone is internally provided with energy storage particles, and the filtering zone is provided with an air outlet;
the heat exchanger is provided with a first circulation area and a second circulation area for energy exchange, one end of the first circulation area is connected with the air inlet through a first circulation pipe, and the other end of the first circulation area is connected with the air outlet through a second circulation pipe;
the energy storage device comprises a storage tank and a converter, the storage tank is connected with the end part of the first circulation area connected with the first circulation pipe through a third circulation pipe, and the converter is arranged on the third circulation pipe and used for converting the gas in the first circulation area into liquid and storing the liquid in the storage tank.
In the technical scheme, a first circulation area of a heat exchanger exchanges heat energy with the outside through a second circulation area, the heat energy enters a reactor through a first circulating pipe, the air flow temperature is mixed and transmitted to a fluidization area through a preheating area, the temperature in the fluidization area reaches a reaction temperature to carry out chemical reaction to store the chemical energy of the heat energy, then the reacted gas flows into a filtering area to be filtered, then flows into the first circulating pipe through the second circulating pipe to carry out heat energy exchange, the heat energy enters the reactor through the first circulating pipe to provide energy for the chemical reaction in the fluidization area, an energy storage device can liquefy and store the reacted gas into a storage tank to be stored, meanwhile, the pressure in the device is kept stable, the safety performance of the reaction device is prevented from being influenced by higher pressure, when the outside temperature is lower, the reactor with sensible heat enables chemical substances in the fluidization area to carry out reverse reaction to release heat, and exchanging to the second circulation area to increase the temperature of the second circulation area and maintain the continuity of the external work.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the energy storage device further comprises a gate valve, wherein the gate valve is arranged on the first circulating pipe and used for controlling the flow of gas in the first circulating pipe.
Among this technical scheme, the gas flow of first circulating pipe can be adjusted to the gate valve, and the in-process that the energy storage granule reacts in the fluidization district can produce gas, and the gate valve is used for adjusting the gas flow in the first circulating line on the one hand, and the converter of being convenient for on the other hand is converted gas in the first circulation district into gas through the third circulating pipe and is flowed into the storage tank.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: fins are arranged in the preheating zone.
In the technical scheme, the fins arranged in the preheating zone are convenient for the gas carrying heat energy to exchange heat in the preheating zone, so that the temperature conversion efficiency of the preheating zone is accelerated.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the fins include at least one of straight fins, serrated fins, and porous fins.
In the technical scheme, the fins comprise at least one of straight fins, sawtooth fins and porous fins, and specific fin structures and fin combination modes can be selected according to the same application scene.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: and a gas distributor for increasing the gas flow speed is also arranged in the preheating zone.
In the technical scheme, the gas distributor can increase the gas flow velocity entering the fluidization area from the preheating area, improve the fluidization performance of the energy storage particles and accelerate the energy storage efficiency of the energy storage particles.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the breathable net is a metal wire net with small wire diameter and large mesh number.
In the technical scheme, the wire mesh has good heat conductivity, the preheating zone is convenient to transfer the temperature to the fluidization zone, the wire diameter of the wire mesh is small, more meshes are convenient to set, and the large number is beneficial to the circulation of gas in the reactor.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the converter is a compressor or a cooler.
In the technical scheme, the compressor or the cooler is used for converting gas from gas state to liquid state for storing energy.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: and the reactor, the heat exchanger, the first circulating pipe and the second circulating pipe are wrapped by insulating layers.
In the technical scheme, the heat preservation layer avoids heat loss of a circulating system consisting of the reactor, the first circulating pipe, the heat exchanger and the second circulating pipe, and provides a required temperature environment for later exothermic reaction.
On the basis of the above scheme and as a preferable scheme of the scheme: the energy storage particles include a porous substrate and a matrix disposed on the substrate, the matrix being a combination of one or more gas and solid thermal chemical composites.
In the technical scheme, the porous matrix is convenient for high-temperature gas to pass through, the contact area of the matrix and the gas is increased, and the energy storage rate of the matrix is accelerated; the matrix can adopt different substances for storing energy for different use environments.
A sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method comprises an energy storage process and an energy release process;
energy storage process: the method comprises the following steps that external high-temperature gas passes through a heat exchanger, the temperature of the gas flowing through a reactor is gradually increased to the reaction temperature of energy storage particles, the energy storage particles absorb heat to generate a new solid substance through chemical reaction, heat energy is stored in chemical bonds of the new solid substance, the new solid substance is kept in a high-temperature state and stored at high temperature, namely sensible heat energy storage, part of the generated gas flows between the heat exchanger and the reactor, and the other part of the generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter and stored in a storage tank;
the energy release process is as follows: the gas temperature that the outside provided is normal atmospheric temperature or is less than energy storage particle reaction temperature, and the sensible heat energy storage of new solid matter is used for heating the gas temperature in the reactor, and new solid matter takes place exothermic reaction with gas, and the liquid in the storage tank is converted into gas and is got into in the anti-reactor with new solid matter, and generate the energy storage particle, and the high temperature gas that produces in the reactor passes through the heat exchanger and transmits heat energy to the external world.
In the technical scheme, the invention discloses a heat storage method, heat energy is converted into chemical energy by utilizing the chemical reaction of energy storage particles, and a new solid substance produced after the energy storage particles react has higher heat, so that sensible heat energy storage is realized, and generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter and stored in a storage tank, so that the energy storage is realized; when the temperature of the gas provided from the outside is normal temperature or lower than the reaction temperature of the energy storage particles, the sensible heat of the new solid in the reactor heats the temperature of the gas in the reactor, so that the energy storage particles generate reverse reaction, and in a certain time, extra energy is not needed in the energy release process, thereby realizing heat release.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the unconverted heat energy is stored in a sensible heat and thermochemical combination mode, when the external temperature is lower, the reverse reaction is carried out in the device to convert the chemical energy into the heat energy to be exchanged to the outside, the external production is kept to be continuous, and meanwhile, the utilization efficiency of the heat energy is improved.
2. The gate valve can adjust the gas flow of the first circulating pipe, gas can be generated in the process of reacting energy storage particles in the fluidization area, on one hand, the gate valve is used for adjusting the gas flow in the first circulating pipeline, and on the other hand, the converter is convenient for converting the gas in the first circulation area into gas through the third circulating pipe and enabling the gas to flow into the storage tank.
3. The fins arranged in the preheating zone are convenient for gas carrying heat energy to exchange heat in the preheating zone, so that the temperature conversion efficiency of the preheating zone is accelerated.
4. The fins comprise at least one of straight fins, sawtooth fins and porous fins, and specific fin structures and fin combination modes can be selected according to the same application scene.
5. The gas distributor can increase the gas flow velocity entering the fluidization area from the preheating area, improve the fluidization performance of the energy storage particles and accelerate the energy storage efficiency of the energy storage particles.
6. The wire mesh has good thermal conductivity, the preheating zone is convenient to transfer the temperature to the fluidization zone, the wire diameter of the wire mesh is small, more meshes are convenient to set, and the large number is beneficial to the circulation of gas.
7. The heat preservation avoids reactor, first circulating pipe, heat exchanger and the circulation of second circulating pipe constitution to adorn the heat loss of the system, provides required temperature environment for the exothermic reaction of later stage.
8. The porous matrix is convenient for high-temperature gas to pass through, the contact area of the matrix and the gas is increased, and the energy storage rate of the matrix is accelerated; the matrix can adopt different substances for storing energy for different use environments.
9. The invention discloses a heat storage method, which converts heat energy into chemical energy by utilizing the chemical reaction of energy storage particles, and the new solid substance produced after the energy storage particles react has higher heat, so that the generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter to be stored in a storage tank for sensible heat energy storage, thereby realizing the storage of energy; when the temperature of the gas provided from the outside is normal temperature or lower than the reaction temperature of the energy storage particles, the sensible heat of the new solid in the reactor heats the temperature of the gas in the reactor, so that the energy storage particles generate reverse reaction, and in a certain time, extra energy is not needed in the energy release process, thereby realizing heat release.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective sectional view of a reactor of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gas distributor of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a straight fin of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a sawtooth fin of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of a porous fin of a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a reactor; 101. a preheating zone; 102. a fluidizing zone; 103. a filtration zone; 104. a breathable net; 105. an air inlet; 106. an air outlet; 201. a first circulation pipe; 202. a second circulation pipe; 203. a third circulation pipe; 3. a gate valve; 401. a converter; 402. a storage tank; 501. a first flow-through zone; 502. a second flow-through zone; 6. a gas distributor; 701. straightening fins; 702. a sawtooth bridge fin; 703. a porous fin.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
For a better illustration of the invention, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-6.
Referring to fig. 1-2, a sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus comprises: the reactor comprises a reactor 1, a heat exchanger and an energy storage device, wherein a preheating zone 101, a fluidizing zone 102 and a filtering zone are arranged in the reactor 1, a ventilating net 104 is arranged between the adjacent areas of the preheating zone 101, the fluidizing zone 102 and the filtering zone, the preheating zone 101 is provided with an air inlet 105, energy storage particles are arranged in the fluidizing zone 102, and the filtering zone is provided with an air outlet 106; the heat exchanger is provided with a first circulation area 501 and a second circulation area 502 for exchanging energy, one end of the first circulation area 501 is connected with the gas inlet 105 through a first circulation pipe 201, the other end of the first circulation area 501 is connected with the gas outlet 106 through a second circulation pipe 202, the reactor 1, the second circulation pipe 202, the first circulation area 501 and the first circulation pipe 201 form a first circulation system, the energy storage device comprises a storage tank 402 and a converter 401, the storage tank 402 is connected with the end part of the first circulation area 501, which is connected with the first circulation pipe 201, through a third circulation pipe 203, and the converter 401 is arranged on the third circulation pipe 203 and is used for converting the gas in the first circulation area 501 into a liquid state to be stored in the storage tank 402.
The energy storage particles in this embodiment are CaCO3Specifically, in the using process, firstly, high-temperature gas is subjected to heat exchange with the gas in the second circulation area 502, the first circulation area 501 and the gas in the second circulation area 502 to obtain heat energy, the gas with certain temperature flows into the preheating area 101, the heat exchange is carried out in the preheating area 101 to increase the temperature of the preheating area 101, the increased gas enters the fluidization area 102 through a wire mesh for heat exchange, then enters the filtering area and flows back to the first circulation area 501 through the second circulation pipe 202, the gas in the first circulation area 501 and the gas in the second circulation area 502 are subjected to heat exchange, the gas flows in the first circulation system, the temperature of the fluidization area 102 subjected to heat exchange through the preheating area 101 is increased, and when the temperature of the fluidization area 102 reaches 900 ℃, CaCO3The decomposition reaction temperature of (2) was 900 ℃. When the temperature is higher than 900 ℃, CaO and CO are generated2The reaction is endothermic and is carried out by CaCO as energy storage particle3The thermal energy is converted into chemical energy for storage, and the decomposition reaction is exothermic, so that heat is still left in the reactor 1 after the decomposition reaction is finished, and the generated CO2Passing the gaseous CO through the converter 4012CO converted into liquid state2Stored in storage tank 402.
It should be noted that, in the following description,CaCO3decomposing into CaO and CO2For the reversible reaction, the forward reaction starts at a temperature above 900 ℃ and the reverse reaction occurs at a temperature up to 650 ℃ since the rate of the forward reaction is much greater than the rate of the reverse reaction, although CaCO3The reverse reaction is carried out at the same time as the decomposition reaction, but because of the large difference of reaction rates, CaCO3The endothermic positive reaction of (2) can still proceed a sufficient reaction.
When CaCO is present3After the decomposition reaction is completed, the energy absorption process is completed, and the gas temperature in the second flow-through region 502 is lower than CaCO3The reaction temperature is positive and negative, and CaCO is caused by heat energy left in the reactor 13The reverse reaction can be carried out, an exothermic reaction takes place, when the connection to the third circulation pipe 203 in the storage tank 402 is opened, so that the CO in the liquid state2Conversion to gaseous CO2Provide sufficient CO for reversible reaction2The exothermic reaction in the reactor 1 releases heat energy, and the heat energy enters the outside through the exchange between the first circulation area 501 and the second circulation area 502, so that the reactor enters an energy release state.
Referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a gate valve 3, and the gate valve 3 is installed on the first circulation pipe 201 to control the flow of the gas in the first circulation pipe 201. The gate valve 3 can adjust the gas flow rate of the first circulation pipe 201, and gas is generated during the reaction of the energy-storing particles in the fluidization region 102, and the gate valve 3 is used for adjusting the gas flow rate in the first circulation pipe 201 on one hand, and is convenient for the converter 401 to convert the gas in the first circulation region 501 into gas flowing into the storage tank 402 through the third circulation pipe 203 on the other hand. It is worth mentioning that the wire mesh in this embodiment has a small diameter and a large mesh number. The heat conductivity of the wire mesh is good, so that the preheating zone 101 can conveniently transfer the temperature to the fluidizing zone 102, the wire diameter of the wire mesh is small, more meshes can be conveniently arranged, and the number of the meshes formed by the wire mesh is favorable for the circulation of gas.
It should be noted that the reactor 1, the heat exchanger, the first circulation pipe 201 and the second circulation pipe 202 are all externally wrapped with insulating layers in the specific example of the present embodiment. The heat preservation layer prevents heat loss in a first circulation system consisting of the reactor 1, the first circulation pipe 201, the heat exchanger and the second circulation pipe 202, and provides a required temperature environment for later exothermic reaction.
In a specific example of this embodiment, the energy storage particle comprises a porous matrix and a matrix disposed on the matrix, the matrix being a combination of one gas and solid-thermal chemical composite or a plurality of gas and solid-thermal chemical materials. The porous matrix is convenient for high-temperature gas to pass through, the contact area of the matrix and the gas is increased, and the energy storage rate of the matrix is accelerated; the matrix can adopt different substances for storing energy for different use environments.
When the high-temperature gas flow enters the preheating zone 101, the high-temperature gas flow firstly exchanges heat with the gas in the preheating zone 101, then enters the fluidizing zone 102 through a wire mesh, only when the temperature in the preheating zone 101 is higher than the reaction temperature of calcium carbonate, the energy storage reaction can be started, the exchange efficiency of the high-temperature gas flow in the existing preheating zone 101 and the temperature in the preheating zone 101 is low, therefore, fins are arranged in the preheating zone 101, the fins arranged in the preheating zone 101 are convenient for the gas carrying heat energy to exchange heat in the preheating zone 101, and the temperature conversion efficiency of the preheating zone 101 is accelerated.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, a specific example of the present embodiment, the fins include at least one of a flat fin 701, a serrated fin 702, and a porous fin 703. The fins include at least one of a straight fin 701, a sawtooth fin 702 and a porous fin 703, and a specific fin structure and a fin combination mode can be selected according to the same application scenario. Here, the structure of three fins is provided in the present embodiment but is not limited to the fin using the above three structures.
In the specific example of this embodiment, a gas distributor 6 for increasing the gas flow rate is further provided in the preheating zone 101. The gas distributor 6 can increase the flow velocity of the gas entering the fluidizing zone 102 from the preheating zone 101, improve the fluidizing property of the energy storage particles, and accelerate the energy storage efficiency of the energy storage particles.
In a specific example of this embodiment, the converter 401 is a compressor or a cooler. The compressor or the cooler is used for converting gas from gas state to liquid state for energy storage, and the compressor or the cooler is mature in technology, high in stability and low in maintenance cost.
The embodiment provides a sensible heat and thermochemical coupling heat storage method, which comprises an energy storage process and an energy release process;
energy storage process: the external high-temperature gas passes through the heat exchanger, the temperature of the gas flowing through the reactor 1 is gradually raised to the reaction temperature of the energy storage particles, the energy storage particles absorb heat to generate a new solid substance through chemical reaction, the heat energy is stored in chemical bonds of the new solid substance, the new solid substance can keep high temperature and is stored at high temperature, namely sensible heat energy storage, part of the generated gas flows between the heat exchanger and the reactor 1, and the other part of the generated gas is converted into liquid through the converter 401 and is stored in the storage tank 402;
the energy release process is as follows: the gas temperature that the outside provided is normal atmospheric temperature or is less than energy storage particle reaction temperature, and the sensible heat energy storage of new solid matter is used for heating the gas temperature in reactor 1, and new solid matter and gas take place exothermic reaction, and the liquid in storage tank 402 is gaseous and is got into in anti-reactor 1 with new solid matter, and the formation energy storage particle, and the high temperature gas that produces in the reactor 1 passes through the heat exchanger and transmits heat energy to the external world.
The invention discloses a heat storage method, which converts heat energy into chemical energy by utilizing the chemical reaction of energy storage particles, and the new solid substance produced after the energy storage particles react has higher heat, so that the generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter 401 and stored in a storage tank 402 for sensible heat energy storage, thereby realizing the storage of energy; when the temperature of the gas provided from the outside is normal temperature or lower than the reaction temperature of the energy storage particles, the sensible heat of the new solid in the reactor 1 heats the temperature of the gas in the reactor 1, so that the energy storage particles generate reverse reaction, and in a certain time, extra energy is not needed in the energy release process, thereby realizing heat release.
The embodiment works in the structure shown in fig. 1, and comprises a reactor 1, a heat exchanger and a storage tank 402, wherein a preheating zone 101, a fluidizing zone 102 and a filtering zone are arranged in the reactor 1, the adjacent zones are separated by a wire mesh with smaller wire diameter and larger mesh number, the preheating zone 101 is provided with an air inlet 105, thermochemical energy storage particles are placed in the fluidizing zone 102 of the wire mesh between the fluidizing zone 102 and the preheating zone 101, the preheating zone 101 is provided with an air distributor 6 for improving the fluidizing performance of the particles in the fluidizing zone 102, fins are further arranged in the preheating zone 101 for realizing the heat transfer performance in the preheating zone 101 to realize the direct heat exchange with high efficiency and low resistance, and the filtering zone is provided with an air outlet 106; the heat exchanger is provided with a first circulation area 501 and a second circulation area 502 for energy exchange, one end of the first circulation area 501 is connected with the air inlet 105 through a first circulation pipe 201, the other end of the first circulation area 501 is connected with the air outlet 106 through a second circulation pipe 202, the reactor 1, the second circulation pipe 202, the first circulation area 501 and the first circulation pipe 201 form a first circulation system, the storage tank 402 is connected with the first circulation area 501 through a third circulation pipe 203, and a compressor is arranged on the third circulation pipe 203.
The energy storage particles in this embodiment comprise a porous matrix and a matrix attached to the matrix and having thermochemical energy storage properties, CaCO3CaO, or Ca (OH)2CaO or Mg (OH)2/MgO or Mn2O3The MnO or the gas-solid thermochemical composite material or the combination of a plurality of gas-solid thermochemical materials is not limited to a certain gas-solid thermochemical energy storage material.
In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger is a dividing wall type heat exchanger, but is not limited to such a heat exchanger, and is used for heat exchange of cold and hot fluids, so as to realize fluid heat energy conversion between the first circulation area 501 and the second circulation area 502, and in the energy release process, release of energy is realized. In order to increase the storage time of sensible heat, the reactor 1, the heat exchanger, the first circulation pipe 201, the second circulation pipe 202, and the third circulation pipe 203 are provided on their outer surfaces with heat insulating layers, which can reduce the heat loss of the apparatus.
Working process of sensible heat and thermochemical coupling energy storage device:
during the energy storage process, the first circulation area 501 exchanges the heat energy of the second circulation area 502, the heated gas flow of the first circulation area 501 enters the reactor 1 through the first circulation pipe 201, the gas is inert gas, the inert gas in this embodiment is nitrogen, the thermochemical energy storage particles are acted by the gas, so that the energy storage particles are suspended in the moving fluid, fluidization of the energy storage particles is realized, in the preheating area 101, according to the preheating area 101 and the flowThe particle fluidization performance of the chemical region 102 can be provided with the gas distributor 6, the gas flow rate is increased, the energy storage particle fluidization performance is optimized, in addition, due to high-temperature fluidization gas, the temperature in the reactor 1 gradually rises, the temperature difference of each position is not large, when the temperature rises to the reaction temperature, the thermochemical energy storage particles start to perform endothermic reaction, namely, the thermochemical energy storage process, the heat is firmly locked through chemical bonds, and long-time energy storage is realized. In particular, when the thermochemical energy storage material is CaCO3When being made of CaCO3The decomposition reaction temperature of (2) is 900 ℃, and when the temperature is more than 900 ℃, CaO and CO are generated2When the endothermic reaction is finished, the generated solid particles are still in a high-temperature state, namely a sensible heat energy storage process; the generated gas enters the first circulation area 501 through the second circulation pipe 202 through the filtering area of the reactor 1 to exchange heat with (or directly pass through) the cold fluid of the second circulation area 502, so as to realize the function of heating the cold fluid, and when the thermochemical energy storage particles do not completely react, the gas enters the reactor 1 again through the gate valve 3 and the circulation pipe; when the thermochemical energy storage particles are fully reacted, the gas is cooled or compressed and stored in the storage tank 402 in a liquid state.
After the energy storage process is completed, a part of the heat is stored in the reactor 1 in the form of sensible heat and chemical energy, and another part of the heat is stored in the storage tank 402 in the form of chemical energy.
During the energy release process, adjusting the operation condition suitable for the energy release process, making the reactor 1 in the storage tank 402 become gas by heating or expanding and the like, entering the third circulation pipe 203 in the reactor 1, making the mixed gas in the third circulation pipe 203 enter the preheating zone 101 through the second circulation pipe 202, wherein the gas is a mixture of reaction gas and inert gas, and the sensible heat energy release process is realized when the temperature of the reactor 1 is uniform and is higher than that of the fluidizing gas, and the gas temperature is increased in the preheating zone 101; in the preheating zone 101, heat transfer is enhanced through fins according to the heat transfer performance of the preheating zone 101, so that high-efficiency and low-resistance direct heat exchange of the preheating zone 101 is realized; according to the particle fluidization performance of the preheating zone 101 and the fluidization zone 102, a gas distributor 6 is arranged in the preheating zone 101, the gas flow rate is increased, the particle fluidization performance is optimized, and when the gas reaches the fluidization zone 102, the gas temperature reaches the energy release reaction temperature; under the fluidization action, the solid particles and the gas generate exothermic reactions (such as CaO and CO2, CaO and H2O, MgO and H2O, MnO and O2) and release the previously stored heat, namely, the thermochemical exothermic process; in order to utilize this part of the released energy, the fluidizing gas passes through the filtering zone and takes this part of the heat out into a heat exchanger for heating the cold medium; subsequently, it re-enters the reactor 1 through the gate valve 3 and the circulation line, obtaining the released heat.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes, modifications, or combinations may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A sensible heat and thermochemical coupled thermal storage apparatus comprising:
the reactor is internally provided with a preheating zone, a fluidizing zone and a filtering zone, a ventilating net is arranged among the adjacent areas of the preheating zone, the fluidizing zone and the filtering zone, the preheating zone is provided with an air inlet, the fluidizing zone is internally provided with energy storage particles, and the filtering zone is provided with an air outlet;
the heat exchanger is provided with a first circulation area and a second circulation area for energy exchange, one end of the first circulation area is connected with the air inlet through a first circulation pipe, and the other end of the first circulation area is connected with the air outlet through a second circulation pipe;
the energy storage device comprises a storage tank and a converter, the storage tank is connected with the end part of the first circulation area connected with the first circulation pipe through a third circulation pipe, and the converter is arranged on the third circulation pipe and used for converting the gas in the first circulation area into liquid and storing the liquid in the storage tank.
2. The sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus of claim 1 wherein the energy storage device further comprises a gate valve mounted on the first circulation pipe for controlling the flow of gas in the first circulation pipe.
3. A sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 wherein fins are provided in the preheating zone.
4. A sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage device according to claim 3 wherein said fins comprise at least one of straight fins, serrated fins and porous fins.
5. A sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 4 wherein a gas distributor for increasing the gas flow rate is further provided in the preheating zone.
6. The sensible heat and thermochemical coupling heat storage device of claim 5 wherein the air permeable mesh is a wire mesh with small wire diameter and large mesh.
7. A sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage apparatus as described in claim 1 wherein said converter is a compressor or a chiller.
8. The sensible heat and thermochemical coupling heat storage apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reactor, the heat exchanger, the first circulation pipe and the second circulation pipe are externally wrapped with an insulating layer.
9. The sensible heat and thermochemical coupled heat storage device of claim 1 wherein the energy storage particles comprise a porous matrix and a matrix disposed on the matrix, the matrix being a combination of a gas and solid thermochemical composite or a plurality of gas and solid thermochemical materials.
10. A sensible heat and thermochemistry coupling heat storage method is characterized by comprising an energy storage process and an energy release process;
energy storage process: the method comprises the following steps that external high-temperature gas passes through a heat exchanger, the temperature of the gas flowing through a reactor is gradually increased to the reaction temperature of energy storage particles, the energy storage particles absorb heat to generate a new solid substance through chemical reaction, heat energy is stored in chemical bonds of the new solid substance, the new solid substance is kept in a high-temperature state and is stored at a high temperature, namely sensible heat energy storage, one part of the generated gas flows between the heat exchanger and the reactor, and the other part of the generated gas is converted into liquid through a converter and is stored in a storage tank;
the energy release process is as follows: the gas temperature that the outside provided is normal atmospheric temperature or is less than energy storage particle reaction temperature, and the sensible heat energy storage of new solid matter is used for heating the gas temperature in the reactor, and new solid matter takes place exothermic reaction with gas, and the liquid in the storage tank is converted into gas and is got into in the anti-reactor with new solid matter, and generate the energy storage particle, and the high temperature gas that produces in the reactor passes through the heat exchanger and transmits heat energy to the external world.
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