CN113423701A - 取代的异吲哚啉酮 - Google Patents
取代的异吲哚啉酮 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113423701A CN113423701A CN201980088361.7A CN201980088361A CN113423701A CN 113423701 A CN113423701 A CN 113423701A CN 201980088361 A CN201980088361 A CN 201980088361A CN 113423701 A CN113423701 A CN 113423701A
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Classifications
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
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- Immunology (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了式(I)中的取代的异吲哚啉酮,制备此类化合物的方法,包含此类化合物的药物组合物和药物,以及使用此类化合物以治疗或减轻与蛋白质功能障碍相关的疾病、病症或病况(例如癌症)的方法。
Description
通过引用优先权申请并入
本申请要求于2018年11月13日提交的美国临时申请第62/760,813号的优先权权益,该申请在此通过引用整体并入。
背景技术
领域
本申请提供了取代的异吲哚啉酮,制备此类化合物的方法,包含此类化合物的药物组合物和药物,及其用于治疗或改善与蛋白质功能障碍相关的疾病、病症或病况的用途。
相关技术说明
蛋白质功能异常和/或蛋白质失衡是许多疾病状态的标志。例如,蛋白质合成、细胞生长和细胞增殖都是在空间和时间上严格调控的过程。这些过程的错误调节可能会导致不受控的细胞生长、增殖和迁移,并导致癌症。
在一些情况中,蛋白质功能障碍不是蛋白质过表达或低表达或者蛋白质的序列和结构改变的直接结果。更准确地说,功能障碍可能仅仅是具有正常功能和表达水平的野生型蛋白质不具备(例如)抵抗生长中肿瘤的能力。例如,磷酸二酯酶6δ(PDE6D;PDE6δ)是KRas驱动型癌症中的重要因子。PDE6对于维持质膜中的高水平KRas至关重要,它在质膜中对致癌信号转导发挥作用。PDE6也参与视网膜光感受器中的光传导。参见例如Norton等人,J.Biol.Chem.,第280卷,第2期,第1248-1256页(2005)。光感受器吸收光子、激活视蛋白,导致转导蛋白上的GDP/GTP交换。这激活PDE6,然后降解细胞内cGMP,导致细胞超极化和视觉信号转导。PDE6缺陷也与各种视网膜病症相关,包括视网膜色素病变、糖尿病视网膜病以及与年龄相关的黄斑变性。PDE6δ也参与纤毛疾病,例如Joubert综合征。
在一些情况中,免疫系统的功能通过促炎性和抗炎性介质或细胞因子的活性得到很好地平衡。一些细胞因子促进炎症(促炎性细胞因子),而其他细胞因子抑制促炎性细胞因子的活性(抗炎性细胞因子)。例如,IL-4、IL-10和IL-13是B-淋巴细胞的强力活化剂,并且也用作抗炎剂。由于它们抑制促炎性细胞因子(例如IL-1、TNF和趋化因子)的基因的能力,它们是抗炎性细胞因子。
这些介质的不受调控的活性能够导致严重炎症状况的发展。例如,当免疫系统细胞(淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞)开始对于“自身”变得敏感时,出现自身免疫疾病。淋巴细胞以及巨噬细胞在该系统中通常处于控制之下。然而,响应于仍然无法解释的触发因素,可能会发生系统对身体自身组织的错误引导。一种假设是淋巴细胞识别模拟“自身”的抗原并且发生免疫系统的不同组成部分的激活级联,最终导致组织破坏。遗传倾向也被认为是导致自身免疫性疾病的原因。
肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-alpha,或TNF-α)和白介素-1(IL-1)是介导与传染剂和其他细胞应激相关的炎症反应的促炎性细胞因子。这些细胞因子的过度产生据信是许多炎症性疾病进展的原因,所述炎症性疾病包括类风湿性关节炎(RA)、克罗恩病、炎性肠病、内毒素休克、骨质疏松症、神经退行性疾病(例如多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病)、充血性心力衰竭和牛皮癣等。
来自临床试验的最近数据支持使用细胞因子的蛋白质拮抗剂(例如可溶性TNF-α受体融合蛋白(依那西普)或单克隆TNF-α抗体(英夫利昔)来治疗类风湿性关节炎、克罗恩病、幼年型慢性关节炎和牛皮癣关节炎。因此,减少促炎性细胞因子(例如TNF-α和白介素-1(IL-1))已成为用于这些病况中可能的药物干预的可接受的治疗方法。
IL-2是一种细胞因子,其主要由CD4+T细胞在抗原刺激之后产生,但也由CD8+细胞、NK T细胞、活化树突状细胞(DC)和肥大细胞少量产生。IL-2是发现的第一种白介素肽激素,其特征在于刺激T-细胞增殖的能力。成熟IL-2是133个氨基酸(15.5kDa)的分泌糖蛋白,其是T细胞响应于由T-细胞受体(TCR)和主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)I和II介导的免疫刺激而产生的单链多肽。在健康个体的静息免疫系统中,循环IL-2水平极低或无法检出,而在感染后水平升高并伴有正常免疫反应。
Il-2受体家族包括三种单次通过跨膜蛋白,即IL-2Rα(p55,CD25)、IL-2Rβ(p75,CD122)和IL-2Rγ(p64,CD132)。IL-2Rα以低浓度存在于T细胞上,并且在TCR激活之后与IL-2一起表达。IL-2Ra拮抗剂已被视为限制免疫反应的药剂,因为IL-2Ra在免疫反应期间强烈上调,并且建立IL-2-选择性高亲和性受体复合体(Malek等人,Immunity,2010;32(2):153-165)。治疗性抗体和小分子发现项目二者均试图开发IL-2Ra-选择性抑制剂。抗IL-2α治疗在同种异体移植中发现了FDA批准的促进移植物存活的用途,并且正在慢性炎症以及自身免疫疾病中进行研究(Wilson等人,Curr Top Microbiol Immunol.2011;348:25-59)。这突出了发现IL-2抑制剂的需求。IL-2依赖性CD4+驻留记忆Th2细胞作为变态反应性疾病的促进剂,突出了靶向IL-2在变态反应性疾病中的治疗潜力(Hondowicz等人,Immunity,2016;44(1)155-166)。
由于各种原因,局部递送细胞因子比全身递送更具吸引力。其利用了细胞因子的自然生物学特性,所述细胞因子已发展为以旁分泌或自分泌的方式在局部发挥作用。局部表达也显著最小化了全身递送细胞因子的许多副作用。因此,增加IL-2的局部表达的化合物和方法与高剂量的IL-2治疗相比将更有耐受性,这将扩大增加IL-2的策略的治疗效用。
其他靶点包括参与凋亡和细胞存活的几种候选基因,包括酪蛋白激酶1α(CK1α),以及锌指转录因子aiolos、helios和ikaros。aiolos、helios和ikaros是转录因子,它们的表达被限制于淋巴系统。aiolos在肺癌和乳腺癌中的表达预示着患者存活率显著降低。aiolos减少一大类粘附相关基因的表达,破坏细胞-细胞和细胞-基质相互作用,促进转移。在某些转移性上皮癌中,aiolos也可能用作淋巴细胞模拟的表观遗传驱动因素。类似地,异常的ikaros和helios表达可能会促进Bcl-XL表达,驱动血液系统恶性肿瘤的发展。因此,aiolos、ikaros和/或helios的下调可能会减少或消除转移。
酪蛋白激酶1α(CK1α)使参与细胞周期、转录和转移、细胞骨架、细胞-细胞粘附和信号转导的关键调节分子磷酸化。因此,CK1α是各种各样肿瘤进展中的重要因素。参见例如Schittek和Sinnberg,Mol.Cancer,第13卷,第13-26页(2014)和Krippschild,等人,Front.Oncol.,第4卷,文章96,第1-32页(2014)。例如,CK1α是β-连环蛋白-降解复合体的重要组成部分和Wnt信号通道的重要调节剂,其去除导致Wnt和p53二者的激活。Schittek和Sinnberg,Mol.Cancer.,第13卷,第231页(2014);Cheong和Virshup,J.Biochem.CellBiol.2011,43,465-469;Elyada等人,Nature,第470卷,第409-413页(2011)。CK1α使β-连环蛋白磷酸化,其随后通过GSK-3β进一步磷酸化。这使β-连环蛋白失稳,并且标志着该蛋白质的泛素化和蛋白酶体降解。因此,CK1α用作Wnt通道的分子开关。Amit等人,GenesDev.2002,16,1066-1076。CK1α是胚胎形成的关键,并且在组织发育和DNA损伤反应中起重要作用,至少与p53部分协调。Elyada等人,Nature 2011,470,409-413;Schneider等人,Cancer Cell 2014,26,509-520。Levine和Oren,Nat.Rev.Cancer 2009,9,749-758。CK1α也使p53磷酸化,这抑制了与MDM2(一种p53抑制剂)的结合,并且稳定了p53与转录机制的结合相互作用。Huart,等人,J.Biol.Chem.2009,284,32384-32394。因此,抑制CK1α活性增加了p53的细胞水平。
对抗不受控制的细胞生长的主要策略是通过施用细胞毒性化合物,该细胞毒性化合物优先杀死患病细胞,但也能够对正常、健康的细胞具有极高的毒性。事实上,毒性是药物研发的所有阶段中候选药物流失的主要原因。参见例如Thompson等人,Chem.Res.Tox.,第25卷,第8期,第1616-1632页(2012)。在过去十年间,大分子抗体疗法也已被用于治疗增殖性病症,例如癌症。然而,这些药剂存在递送、剂量、毒性和降解问题。因此,在靶细胞中调节蛋白质功能但对未受影响的细胞没有过分毒性的化合物对于疾病的治疗和预防来说是必要的。
发明内容
已发现本文所述的取代的异吲哚啉酮具有令人惊讶且意想不到的生物学效应。例如,本申请中公开的化合物选择性地调节蛋白质活性和/或蛋白质水平,以恢复蛋白质内稳态同时最小化对健康细胞的毒性。
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
X是CH2或C=O;
R1是各自任选被一个或多个RA取代的C3-C8环烷基、C4-C8环烯基或3-10元杂环基,或者被一个或多个RA取代的C1-C6烷基;
R2、R5和R6各自独立地是氢,氘,卤素,羟基,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,任选取代的C-酰胺基,任选取代的N-酰胺基,任选取代的N-磺酰胺基,任选取代的S-磺酰胺基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基;
R3是氢,氘,卤素,或C1-C6烷基;
R4和R7各自独立地是氢或C1-C6烷基;
各个RA独立地是氘,羟基,卤素,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,-(C=O)NR12aR12b,-NR12a(C=O)(C1-C6烷基),(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,任选取代的C4-C8环烯基,或任选取代的3-7元杂环基;或两个相偕的RA形成氧代基;
R9a和R9b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C2-C6烯基,任选取代的C2-C6炔基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的5-10元杂芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,任选取代的3-10元杂环基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R10a和R10b各自独立地是H、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基或C3-C8碳环基;
R11a和R11b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R12a和R12b各自独立地是H或C1-C6烷基,或R12a和R12b与它们所附接的氮原子共同形成任选被一个或多个R13取代的任选取代的5或6元杂环基;和
各个R13独立地是C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的氨基,卤素,或氰基;或两个相偕的R13形成氧代基。在一些实施方式中,当R1是任选取代的3-10元杂环基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢,则R2、R5和R6中的至少一个不是氢。在一些实施方式中,当R1是三氟甲基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢,则R2是卤素。
本申请的一些实施方式提供了药物组合物,该药物组合物包含式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,以及至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
一些实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻癌症的方法,包括向受试者施用治疗有效量的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。其他实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻视网膜疾病的方法,包括对受试者施用治疗有效量的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。其他实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病的方法,包括对受试者施用治疗有效量的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。
其他实施方式提供了在生物样品的一个或多个细胞中抑制蛋白质活性的方法,包括将式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐与生物样品中的细胞接触。蛋白质可以是CK1α,PDE6或ikaros,或其组合。其他实施方式提供了治疗或减轻由CK1α、ikaros或PDE6介导的疾病、病症或病况的方法,包括对有需求的受试者施用治疗有效量的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。
其他实施方式提供了在生物样品的一个或多个细胞中调节细胞因子活性的方法,包括将式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐与生物样品中的细胞接触。在一些实施方式中,细胞因子是TNFα,IL-1β,IL-2,或IL-6,或其组合。其他实施方式提供了治疗或减轻由本文所述的一种或多种细胞因子介导的疾病、病症或病况的方法,包括对有需求的受试者施用治疗有效量的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。
具体实施方式
本文公开的是可用于治疗或减轻与蛋白质功能障碍相关的各种疾病、病症或病况(包括各种类型的癌症)的化合物。在一些方面,这些化合物是一种或多种细胞因子、PDE6、ikaros或CK1α的抑制剂。
本文所用的章节标题仅用于组织目的,不应解释为限制所述主题。
定义
除非另有定义,否则本文中所用的所有技术和科学术语均具有与本领域普通技术人员共同理解的相同含义。除非另有说明,否则本文中引用的所有专利、申请、公开申请和其他公开出版物通过引用以其整体并入本文。除非另有说明,否则在本文中的术语有多个定义的情况下,适用本章节中的定义。除非上下文中明确表示相反,否则说明书和所附权利要求书中所用的单数形式“一/一个/一种(a/an)”和“所述/该(the)”包括复数个指代物。除非另有说明,可采用常规方法如质谱、NMR、HPLC、蛋白质化学、生物化学和药物性。除非另有说明,否则使用“或”或者“和”时表示“和/或”。此外,使用术语“包括”以及其他形式如“包含”、“含有”和“具有”是非限制性的。如本说明书中所用的,无论是在过渡性短语或者是在权利要求主体中,术语“包括”和“包含”应被解释为具有开放式含义。即,该术语应被解释为与“至少具有”或“至少包括”同义。当在过程的上下文中使用时,术语“包括”表示该过程至少包括所阐述的步骤,但可能包含额外的步骤。当在化合物、组合物或装置的上下文中使用时,术语“包括”表示该化合物、组合物或装置至少包括所阐述的特征或组成部分,但是还可以包括额外的特征或组成部分。
尽管在前面的说明书中详细说明和描述了本公开,该说明书应被视为说明性或示例性并且不是限制性的。本公开不限于所公开的实施方式。本领域技术人员通过对本公开和所附权利要求的研究,可以理解并实现对所公开的实施方式的改变。
关于本文中基本上任何复数和/或单数术语的使用,本领域技术人员可以根据上下文和/或应用适当地从复数转化为单数和/或从单数转化为复数。为清楚起见,在本文中明确阐述了各种单数/复数排列。不定冠词“一/一种/一个(a/an)”不排除多个/多种。仅仅在相互不同的从属权利要求中叙述某些措施的事实并不表明不能利用这些措施的组合来发挥优势。
本文引用的所有参考文件通过引用在此整体并入本文。如果通过引用并入的出版物和专利或专利申请与说明书中包含的公开内容相矛盾,则说明书旨在取代和/或优先于任何此类矛盾的材料。
除非另有定义,否则所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)应被赋予本领域普通技术人员所知的普通和惯用的含义,并且除非在此明确定义,否则不限于特殊或自定义的含义。应当注意的是,在描述本公开的某些特征或方面时使用特定术语不应被认为暗示在本文中将该术语重新定义以将其限制为包括与该术语相关联的本公开的特征或方面的任何特定特征。
在提供数值范围的情况下,应当理解,上限和下限以及范围的上限和下限之间的每个中间值都包含在实施方式中。
如本文所用的,常用的有机缩略语如下定义。
ACN 乙腈
AcOH 乙酸
CCl4 四氯化碳
CDI 1,1’-羰二咪唑,N,N'-羰二咪唑
d 天
DCM 二氯甲烷、亚甲基氯
DEAD 偶氮二甲酸二乙酯
DIEA N,N-二异丙基乙胺
DMA N,N-二甲胺
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲亚砜
EDAC·HCl 1-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐
EDCI 1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺
Ether 乙醚
EA 乙酸乙酯
EtOH 乙醇
K2CO3 碳酸钾
LiAH 氢化铝锂
LiCl 氯化锂
LiOH 氢氧化锂
h 小时
H2 氢
HCl 盐酸,氢氯酸
HOBt 1-羟基苯并三唑
MeOH MeOH
m 分钟
NaHCO3 碳酸氢钠
Na2SO4 硫酸钠
NBS N-溴琥珀酰亚胺
N2 氮
Pd/C 在活性炭上的钯
PE 石油醚
RT 室温
T3P 丙基磷酸酐
TEA 三乙胺
TFA 三氟乙酸
THF 四氢呋喃
quant 定量产率
如本文所用的,任何“R”基团代表能够附接到所指出的原子的取代基。R基团可以是取代或未取代的。当基团被描述为“任选取代的”时,该基团可以是未取代或者被一个或多个所指出的取代基取代。类似地,当基团被描述为“未取代的或取代的”时,如果为取代的,则取代基可以选自一个或多个所指出的取代基。如果没有表明任何取代基,则表示所指出的“任选取代的”或“取代的”的基团可能是个别地和独立地被一个或多个选自以下的基团取代:烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳烷基、杂环基(烷基)、羟基、烷氧基、环烷氧基、芳氧基、酰基、巯基、烷硫基、芳硫基、氰基、卤素、C-酰胺基、N-酰胺基、C-羧基、O-羧基、异氰酸基、硫氰酸基、异硫氰酸基、硝基、卤代烷基、卤代烷氧基、氨基(包括单-取代氨基和二-取代氨基)和烷基氨基。当基团不是被描述为“任选取代的”,“未取代的”或“取代的”时,除非此类基团的定义另有说明,否则此类基团是未取代的。
如本文所用的,“Ca-Cb”(其中的“a”和“b”是整数)是指烷基、烯基或炔基基团中的碳原子数,或者环烷基、芳基、杂芳基或杂环基基团的环中的碳原子数。即,烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基的环、芳基的环、杂芳基的环或杂环基的环可以包含“a”至“b”(含)个碳原子。因此例如“C1至C4烷基”基团或“C1-C4烷基”基团是指具有1-4个碳的所有烷基基团,即,CH3-,CH3CH2-,CH3CH2CH2-,(CH3)2CH-,CH3CH2CH2CH2-,CH3CH2CH(CH3)-和(CH3)3C-。类似地例如环烷基基团可以包含总共“a”至“b”(含)个原子,例如C3-C8环烷基基团,在环中有3-8个碳原子。如果对于烷基、环烷基或环烯基没有指定“a”和“b”,则假设这些定义中描述的最宽范围。类似地,“4至7元杂环基”基团是指具有总共4-7个环原子的所有杂环基基团,例如氮杂环丁烷、氧杂环丁烷、噁唑啉、吡咯烷、哌啶、哌嗪、吗啉等。如本文所用的,术语“C1-C6”包含C1、C2、C3、C4、C5和C6,以及通过任何两个前述数字定义的范围。例如,C1-C6烷基包含C1、C2、C3、C4、C5和C6烷基,C2-C6烷基,C1-C3烷基等。类似地,C3-C8碳环基或环烷基各自包含含有3、4、5、6、7和8个碳原子的烃环,或者通过任何两个数字定义的范围的烃环,例如C3-C7环烷基或C5-C6环烷基。作为另一个示例,3-10元杂环基包含3、4、5、6、7、8、9或10个环原子,或通过任何两个前述数字定义的范围,例如4-6元或5-7元杂环基。
如本文所用的,“烷基”是指包含完全饱和(无双键或三键)的烃基团的直链或支链烃链。烷基基团可以具有1-20个碳原子(当其在本文中出现时,例如“1-20”的数值范围是指给定范围内的每个整数;例如,“1-20个碳原子”是指烷基基团可由1个碳原子、2个碳原子、3个碳原子等到20(含)个碳原子组成,尽管目前的定义也涵盖了其中未指定数值范围的术语“烷基”的出现。烷基基团也可以是具有1-10个碳原子的中等大小的烷基。烷基基团还能够是具有1-6个碳原子的低级烷基。化合物的烷基基团可以被指定为“C1-C4烷基”或类似命名。仅通过示例的方式,“C1-C4烷基”表示在烷基链中存在一至四个碳原子,即,烷基链选自以下:甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基和叔丁基。典型的烷基基团包括,但不以任何方式限制为,甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基和己基。
如本文所用的,术语“烯基”是指包含碳双键的二至二十个碳原子的一价直链或支链的链基,其包括,但不限于,1-丙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-甲基-1-丙烯基、1-丁烯基、2-丁烯基等。烯基基团可以是未取代或取代的。
如本文所用的,术语“炔基”是指包含碳三键的二至二十个碳原子的一价直链或支链的链基,其包括但不限于,1-丙炔基、1-丁炔基、2-丁炔基等。炔基基团可以是未取代或取代的。
如本文所用的,“环烷基”是指完全饱和(无双键或三键)的单-或多-环烃环系统。当包含两个或更多个环时,该环可以以桥接、稠合或螺合的方式接合在一起。环烷基基团可以包含在环中的3-10个原子或在环中的3-8个原子。典型的环烷基基团包括,但不以任何方式限制为,环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、降冰片基、萘烷基、二环[2.2.1]庚烷、二环[2.2.2]辛烷和螺[3.5]壬基。
如本文所用的,“环烯烃”或“环烯基”是指部分饱和的单-或多-环烃环系统,即,具有一个或多个双键,但是以如下方式定位:所有环中均不存在完全离域的π电子系统。当包含两个或更多个环时,该环可以以桥接、稠合或螺合的方式接合在一起。环烯基基团可以包含在环中的4-10个原子或在环中的5-10个原子。典型的环烯基基团包括,但不以任何方式限制为,环戊烯基、环己烯基、环庚烯基和环辛烯基。
如本文所用的,“烷氧基”是指式-OR,其中R是如上所定义的烷基。烷氧基的非限制性列表是甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基和叔丁氧基。
如本文所用的,“卤代烷基”是指其中一个或多个氢原子被卤素替代的烷基基团(例如,单-卤代烷基、二-卤代烷基和三-卤代烷基)。此类基团包括但不限于,氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基和1-氯-2-氟甲基、2-氟异丁基。
如本文所用的,“卤代烷氧基”是指其中一个或多个氢原子被卤素替代的如本文所定义的烷氧基基团(例如,单-卤代烷氧基、二-卤代烷氧基和三-卤代烷氧基)。此类基团包括但不限于,氯甲氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、1-氯-2-氟甲氧基和2-氟异丁氧基。
如本文所用的,术语“卤素原子”或“卤素”表示元素周期表第7列的放射性稳定原子中的任何一种,例如氟、氯、溴和碘。
如本文所用的,“芳基”是指碳环(全碳)的单环或多环芳香环系统(包括其中两个碳环共享化学键的稠环系统),其具有在所有环中完全离域的π电子系统。芳基基团中的碳原子数可变。例如,芳基基团可以是C6芳基基团,或C10芳基基团。芳基基团的示例包括,但不限于,苯和萘。
如本文所用的,“杂芳基”是指包含一个或多个杂原子(例如,1,2或3个杂原子)(即,非碳元素,包括但不限于氮、氧和硫)的单环或多环的芳香环系统(具有完全离域的π电子系统的环系统)。杂芳基基团的环中的原子数可变。例如,杂芳基基团可以包含在环中的5-10个原子,在环中的6-10个原子或5-6个原子,在环中的例如九个碳原子和一个杂原子;八个碳原子和两个杂原子;七个碳原子和三个杂原子;八个碳原子和一个杂原子;七个碳原子和两个杂原子;六个碳原子和三个杂原子;五个碳原子和四个杂原子;五个碳原子和一个杂原子;四个碳原子和两个杂原子;三个碳原子和三个杂原子;四个碳原子和一个杂原子;三个碳原子和两个杂原子;或两个碳原子和三个杂原子。此外,术语“杂芳基”包含其中两个环(例如至少一个芳基环和至少一种杂芳基环或至少两个杂芳基环)共享至少一个化学键的稠环系统。杂芳基环的示例包括,但不限于,呋喃、呋咱、噻吩、苯并噻吩、酞嗪、吡咯、噁唑、苯并噁唑、1,2,3-噁二唑、1,2,4-噁二唑、噻唑、1,2,3-噻二唑、1,2,4-噻二唑、苯并噻唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑、吲哚、吲唑、吡唑、苯并吡唑、异噁唑、苯并异噁唑、异噻唑、三唑、苯并三唑、噻二唑、四唑、吡啶、哒嗪、嘧啶、吡嗪、嘌呤、蝶啶、喹啉、异喹啉、喹唑啉、喹喔啉、噌啉和三嗪。
如本文所用的,“杂环基”是指三-,四-,五-,六-,七-,八-,九-和十-元的单环、二环和三环环系统,其中碳原子与1-5个杂原子共同构成所述环系统。然而,杂环可以任选地包含以如下方式定位的一个或多个不饱和键:在所有的环中均不出现完全离域的π电子系统(即,杂环基基团不是芳香性的)。杂原子是非碳元素,包括但不限于,氧、硫和氮。杂环还可以包含一个或多个羰基官能团,从而使该定义包含氧代键-系统,例如内酰胺、内酯和环状氨基甲酸酯。当包含两个或更多个环时,环可以以稠合、桥接或螺合的方式接合在一起。如本文所用的,术语“稠合”是指具有共用的两个原子和一个键的两个环。如本文所用的,术语“桥接杂环基”是指其中杂环基包含将不相邻原子连接在一起的一个或多个原子的连接的化合物。如本文所用的,术语“螺合”是指如下的两个环:这两个环具有共用的一个原子,并且不是通过桥连接。杂环基基团可以包含在环中的3-10个原子,在环中的3-8个原子,在环中的3-6个原子,或在环中的5-6个原子。例如,五个碳原子和一个杂原子;四个碳原子和两个杂原子;三个碳原子和三个杂原子;四个碳原子和一个杂原子;三个碳原子和两个杂原子;两个碳原子和三个杂原子;一个碳原子和四个杂原子;三个碳原子和一个杂原子;或两个碳原子和一个杂原子。另外地,杂环基基团中的任何氮均可以被季铵化。杂环基基团可经由杂环基基团中的碳原子(C-连接)或通过杂环基基团中的杂原子(N-连接)连接到分子的其余部分。杂环基基团可以是未取代或取代的。此类“杂环基”基团的示例包括但不限于,氮杂环丙烷、氧杂环丙烷、硫杂环丙烷、氮杂环丁烷、氧杂环丁烷、1,3-二氧芑、1,3-二氧六环、1,4-二氧六环、1,2-二氧戊环、1,3-二氧戊环、1,4-二氧戊环、1,3-氧硫杂环己烷、1,4-氧硫杂环己二烯、1,3-氧硫杂环戊烷、1,3-二硫杂环戊二烯、1,3-二硫杂戊烷、1,4-氧硫杂环己烷、四氢-1,4-噻嗪、2H-1,2-噁嗪、马来酰亚胺、琥珀酰亚胺、巴比妥酸、硫代巴比妥酸、二氧代哌嗪、乙内酰脲、二氢尿嘧啶、三氧杂环己烷、六氢-1,3,5-三嗪、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、异噁唑啉、异噁唑烷、噁唑啉、噁唑烷、噁唑烷酮、噻唑啉、噻唑烷、吗啉、氧杂环丙烷、哌啶N-氧化物、哌啶、哌嗪、吡咯烷、氮杂环庚烷、吡咯烷酮、吡咯烷二酮、4-哌啶酮、吡唑啉、吡唑烷、2-氧代吡咯烷、四氢吡喃、4H-吡喃、四氢噻喃、硫吗啉、硫吗啉亚砜、硫吗啉砜及其苯并-稠合类似物(例如,苯并咪唑烷酮、四氢喹啉和/或3,4-亚甲二氧基苯基)。螺杂环基基团的示例包括2-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷、2-氧杂螺[3.3]庚烷、2-氧杂-6-氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷、2,6-二氮杂螺[3.3]庚烷、2-氧杂螺[3.4]辛烷和2-氮杂螺[3.4]辛烷。
如本文所用的,“低级亚烷基基团”是直链的-CH2-连接基团,形成键以经由分子片段末端的碳原子来连接该分子片段。低级亚烷基基团包含1-6个碳原子。示例包括但不限于亚甲基(-CH2-),亚乙基(-CH2CH2-),亚丙基(-CH2CH2CH2-)和亚丁基(-CH2CH2CH2CH2-)。
如本文所用的,“芳烷基”和“芳基(烷基)”是指如上定义的芳基基团经由如上定义的低级亚烷基基团连接作为取代基。芳烷基的低级亚烷基和芳基基团可以是取代或未取代的。
如本文所用的,“杂芳烷基”和“杂芳基(烷基)”是指如上定义的杂芳基基团经由如上定义的低级亚烷基基团连接作为取代基。杂芳烷基的低级亚烷基和杂芳基基团可以是取代或未取代的。
如本文所用的,“杂环烷基”和“杂环基(烷基)”是指如上定义的杂环基基团经由低级亚烷基基团连接作为取代基。杂环烷基的低级亚烷基和杂环基基团可以是取代或未取代的。
术语“氨基”是指-NH2基团。本文所用的术语“任选取代的氨基”是指-NRARB基,其中RA和RB独立地是如本文中定义的氢、烷基、环烷基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),并且RA和RB中的至少一个不是氢。
如本文所用的,“烷基氨基”或“(烷基)氨基”是指-NRARB基团,其中RA和RB是氢或如上定义的烷基,并且RA和RB中的至少一个是烷基。(烷基)胺的烷基部分包括例如C1-C6烷基基团。烷基氨基基团的示例包括,但不限于甲基氨基(-NHMe)、乙基氨基(-NHEt)、二甲基氨基(-N(Me)2)、甲基乙基氨基(-N(Me)(Et))和异丙基氨基(-NHiPr)。
如本文所用的,“氨基烷基”或“氨基(烷基)”是指其中一个或多个氢原子被如本文定义的氨基基团或“-NRARB”基团取代的烷基基团。氨基(烷基)的烷基部分,包括例如C1-C6烷基。氨基烷基基团的示例包括,但不限于-(CH2)1-4NH2、-(CH2)1-4-NHCH3、-(CH2)1-4-NHC2H5、-(CH2)1-4-N(CH3)2、-(CH2)1-4-N(C2H5)2、-(CH2)1-4-NH-CH(CH3)2、-(CH2)1-4N(CH3)C2H5和-CH(NH2)CH3。
如本文所用的,“烷氧基烷基”或“(烷氧基)烷基”是指经由低级亚烷基基团连接的烷氧基基团,例如C2-C8烷氧基烷基,或(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,例如-(CH2)1-3-OCH3。
如本文所用的,“-O-烷氧基烷基”或“-O-(烷氧基)烷基”是指经由-O-(低级亚烷基)基团连接的烷氧基基团,例如-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,例如-O-(CH2)1-3-OCH3.
“羟基”基团是指-OH基团。
“氰基”基团是指“-CN”基团。
“S-磺酰胺基”基团是指“-SO2N(RARB)”基团,其中RA和RB可以独立地是氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),如上定义。S-磺酰胺基可以是取代或未取代的。
“N-磺酰胺基”基团是指“RSO2N(RA)-“基团,其中R和RA可以独立地是氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),如上定义。N-磺酰胺基可以是取代或未取代的。
“C-酰胺基”基团是指“-C(=O)N(RARB)”基团,其中RA和RB可以独立地是氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),如上定义。C-酰胺基可以是取代或未取代的。
“N-酰胺基”基团是指“RC(=O)N(RA)-“基团,其中R和RA可以独立地是氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),如上定义。N-酰胺基可以是取代或未取代的。
“O-羧基”基团是指“RC(=O)O-”基团,其中R可以是氢、烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、环烯基、环炔基、芳基、杂芳基、杂环基、芳烷基、杂芳基(烷基)或杂环基(烷基),如本文中定义。O-羧基可以是取代或未取代的。
如本文所用的,术语“酯”和“C-羧基”是指“-C(=O)OR”基团,其中R可以与O-羧基的定义相同。酯和C-羧基可以是取代或未取代的。
当未规定取代基的数目时(例如,卤代烷基),可以存在一个或多个取代基。例如“卤代烷基”可以包括一个或多个相同或不同的卤素。作为另一个示例,“C1-C3烷氧基苯基”可以包括一个或多个相同或不同的包含一个、两个或三个原子的烷氧基基团。
如本文所用的,除非另有说明,否则任何保护基团、氨基酸和其他化合物的缩写依据其常用用法,或为IUPAC-IUB生物化学命名委员会的公认缩写(参见Biochem.11:942-944(1972))。
本文所用的术语“保护基团”和“多个保护基团”是指添加到分子上以防止分子中的已有基团发生不想要的化学反应的任何原子或原子团。保护基团部分的示例在以下文献中描述:T.W.Greene和P.G.M.Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis(有机合成中的保护基团),3rd.Ed.John Wiley&Sons,1999,和J.F.W.McOmie,Protective Groups inOrganic Chemistry(有机化学中的保护基团),Plenum Press,1973,以上两篇文献均通过引用在此并入用于披露合适保护基团的有限目的。保护基团部分可以以如下方式选择:它们对于特定的反应条件来说是稳定的,并且在方便的阶段使用本领域已知的方法容易地去除。保护基团的非限制性列表包括苄基;取代苄基;烷基羰基(例如,叔丁氧基羰基(BOC),乙酰基,或异丁酰基);芳基烷基羰基(例如,苄氧基羰基或苯甲酰基);取代甲基醚(例如,甲氧基甲基醚);取代乙基醚;取代苄基醚;四氢吡喃基醚;硅烷基醚(例如,三甲基硅烷基、三乙基硅烷基、三异丙基硅烷基、叔丁基二甲基硅烷基或叔丁基二苯基硅烷基);酯(例如,苯甲酸酯);碳酸酯(例如,甲氧基甲基碳酸酯);磺酸酯(例如,甲苯磺酸酯或甲磺酸酯);无环缩酮(例如,二甲基缩醛);环状缩酮(例如,1,3-二氧六环或1,3-二氧戊环);无环缩醛;环状缩醛;无环半缩醛;环半缩醛;环状二硫缩酮(例如,1,3-二噻烷或1,3-二硫杂戊烷);和三芳基甲基基团(例如,三苯甲基;单甲氧基三苯甲基(MMTr);4,4’-二甲氧基三苯甲基(DMTr);或4,4’,4”-三甲氧基三苯甲基(TMTr))。
本文所用的“离去基团”是指能够在化学反应中被另一个原子或部分置换的任何原子或部分。更具体地,在一些实施方式中,“离去基团”是指在亲核取代反应中被置换的原子或部分。在一些实施方式中,“离去基团”是指强酸的共轭碱的任何原子或部分。合适的离去基团的示例包括,但不限于,甲苯磺酸酯和卤素。离去基团的非限制性特性和示例可在例如以下中发现:Organic Chemistry(有机化学),2d ed.,Francis Carey(1992),第328-331页;Introduction to Organic Chemistry(有机化学简介),2d ed.,Andrew Streitwieser和Clayton Heathcock(1981),第169-171页;以及Organic Chemistry(有机化学),5th ed.,John McMurry(2000),第398和408页;以上所有文献通过引用并入本文用于披露离去基团的特性和示例的优先目的。
应理解,在具有一个或多个手性中心的任何本文所述化合物中,如果未明确指示绝对立体化学,则每个中心可独立地为R-构型或S-构型或其混合物。因此,本文提供的化合物可以是对映体纯的,对映体过量的,或可以是立体异构体混合物,并且包括所有非对映体和对映体形式。此外,应理解,在本文所述的具有一个或多个产生可定义为E或Z的几何异构体的双键的任何化合物中,每个双键可独立地为E或Z或其混合物。如果需要,通过例如立体选择性合成和/或通过手性色谱柱分离立体异构体的方法获得立体异构体。类似地,应理解,在所述任何化合物中,也旨在包含所有互变异构和构象异构形式。构象异构体是构象的异构体。构象异构是指分子结构式相同但围绕旋转键的原子构象(构象异构体)不同的分子的现象。
应理解,如果本文公开的化合物具有未填充的价态,则该价态将被氢和/或氘填充。
应理解,本文所述的化合物可被同位素标记或通过另一其它手段标记,包括但不限于发色团或荧光部分、生物发光标记或化学发光标记的使用。用诸如氘之类的同位素取代可提供因更大的代谢稳定性而产生的某些治疗优势,例如增加体内半衰期或减少剂量需求。化合物结构中所表示的每种化学元素可包括所述元素的任何同位素。例如,在化合物结构中,氢原子可被明确公开或理解为存在于化合物中。在可能存在氢原子的化合物的任何位置处,氢原子可以是氢的任何同位素,包括但不限于氢-1(氕)、氢-2(氘)和氢-3(氚)。因此,除非上下文另有明确规定,否则本文提及的化合物包括所有潜在同位素形式。
还应理解,本文所述的化合物(例如优选实施方式的化合物)包括本文所述的任何形式的化合物(例如,药学上可接受的盐、对映体/非对映体形式、互变异构形式等)。
本文中使用的术语“药学上可接受的盐”是一个宽泛的术语,并且对于本领域的普通技术人员将赋予其普通的习惯的含义(并且不限于特殊的或定制的含义),并且是指但不限于不会对施用该化合物的生物体造成重大刺激并且不会消除该化合物的生物活性及性质的化合物的盐。在一些实施方式中,盐是化合物的酸加成盐。药物盐可通过将化合物与无机酸反应获得,所述无机酸例如氢卤酸(例如,盐酸或氢溴酸)、硫酸、硝酸和磷酸)。药物盐也可以通过将化合物与有机酸反应获得,所述有机酸例如脂族或芳族羧酸或磺酸,例如甲酸、乙酸(AcOH)、丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、丙二酸、马来酸、富马酸、三氟乙酸(TFA)、苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、琥珀酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、抗坏血酸、烟酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、水杨酸、硬脂酸、粘康酸、丁酸、苯基乙酸、苯基丁酸、丙戊酸、1,2-乙烷二磺酸、2-羟基乙烷磺酸、苯磺酸、2-萘磺酸或萘磺酸。药物盐也可以通过将化合物与碱反应形成盐获得,所述盐例如铵盐、碱金属盐,例如锂、钠或钾盐,碱土金属,例如钙、镁或铝盐,有机碱的盐,所述有机碱例如二环己胺、N-甲基-D-葡糖胺、三(羟基甲基)甲胺、(C1-C7烷基)胺、环己胺、二环己胺、三乙醇胺、乙二胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、氨丁三醇和与氨基酸(如精氨酸的赖氨酸)的盐;或无机碱的盐,例如氢氧化铝、氢氧化钙、氢氧化钾、碳酸钠、氢氧化钠或类似物。在一些实施方式中,本文所述的化合物可以是三氟乙酸盐的形式。
术语“有效量”和“治疗有效量”是宽泛的术语,并且对本领域普通技术人员具有普通的习惯的含义(并且不限于特殊或定制的含义),并且是指但不限于施用足量的药剂或化合物,其将在某种程度上缓解所治疗疾病或病况的一个或多个症状。其结果可以是减少和/或减轻疾病的体征、症状或病因,或任何其他想要的生物系统的改变。例如,用于治疗用途的“有效量”是包含如本文所公开的化合物的组合物的量,其是临床显著减少疾病症状所需的。在任何个案中合适的“有效”量可以使用例如剂量递增研究的技术来确定。当药物已被美国食品药品管理局(FDA)或对应的外国药物管理机构批准时,“治疗有效量”任选地是指FDA或其对应的外国药物管理机构批准用于治疗所鉴定的疾病或病况的剂量。
本文所用的“治疗(treat,treatment和treating)”是指为预防和/或治疗目的,对受试者施用化合物或药物组合物。术语“预防性治疗”是指对尚未显示疾病或病况的症状但容易或处于特定疾病或病况的风险中的受试者进行治疗,借此该治疗减少了患者将患上该疾病或病况的可能性。术语“治疗性治疗”是指对已经患有疾病或病况的受试者进行治疗。
式(I)化合物
一些实施方式提供了式(I)化合物:
X是CH2或C=O;
R1是各自任选被一个或多个RA取代的C3-C8环烷基、C4-C8环烯基或3-10元杂环基,或者被一个或多个RA取代的C1-C6烷基;
R2、R5和R6各自独立地是氢,氘,卤素,羟基,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,任选取代的C-酰胺基,任选取代的N-酰胺基,任选取代的N-磺酰胺基,任选取代的S-磺酰胺基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基;
R3是氢、氘、卤素或C1-C6烷基;
R4和R7各自独立地是氢或C1-C6烷基;
各RA独立地是氘,羟基,卤素,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,-(C=O)NR12aR12b,-NR12a(C=O)(C1-C6烷基),(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,任选取代的C4-C8环烯基,或任选取代的3-7元杂环基;或两个相偕的RA形成氧代基;
R9a和R9b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C2-C6烯基,任选取代的C2-C6炔基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的5-10元杂芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,任选取代的3-10元杂环基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R10a和R10b各自独立地是H,卤素,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,或C3-C8碳环基;
R11a和R11b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R12a和R12b各自独立地是H或C1-C6烷基,或R12a和R12b与其所附接的氮原子共同形成任选被一个或多个R13取代的任选取代的5或6元杂环基;和
各R13独立地是C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的氨基,卤素,或氰基;或两个相偕的R13形成氧代基。在一些实施方式中,当R1是任选取代的3-10元杂环基时;则R2、R5和R6中的至少一个不是氢。在一些其他实施方式中,当R1是3-10元杂环基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢时;则R2、R5和R6中的至少一个不是氢(例如,R2不是氢)。在一些实施方式中,当R1是三氟甲基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢时;则R2是氘、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷氧基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基、任选取代的氨基、任选取代的C-酰胺基、任选取代的N-酰胺基、任选取代的N-磺酰胺基、任选取代的S-磺酰胺基、C1-C6烷基氨基、(氨基)C1-C6烷基、(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基、-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基、任选取代的C3-C8环烷基或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基。在一些其他实施方式中,当R1是三氟甲基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢时;则R2是卤素(例如,R2是氟)。在一些其他实施方式中,当R1是三氟甲基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢;则R5是氢。
在一些实施方式中,化合物也可由式(Ia):
在一些实施方式中,化合物也可由式(Ib)或(Ic):
在式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物的一些实施方式中,X是CH2。在其他实施方式中,X是C=O。
在式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物的一些实施方式中,R1是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、二环庚基或环辛基。在其他实施方式中,R1是任选取代的C4-C8环烯基,例如环戊-1-烯、环戊-2-烯、环己-1-烯、环己-2-烯、环己-3-烯、环庚-1-烯、环庚-2-烯、环庚-3-烯、环庚-4-烯、环辛-1-烯、环辛-2-烯、环辛-3-烯或环辛-4-烯。在一些其他实施方式中,R1是环丙基、环丁基、环己基、环戊基、环庚基、二环[2.2.1]庚基,或在一些此类实施方式中,R1是未取代的。在其他实施方式中,R1被一个或多个RA取代。在一些此类实施方式中,R1被一个RA取代。在一些其他实施方式中,R1被两个RA取代。在一些此类实施方式中,每个RA独立地选自下组:卤素(例如,氯或氟),C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基、乙基、异丙基或叔丁基),C1-C6卤代烷基(例如,三氟甲基),以及被一个或多个卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基任选取代的C3-C7环烷基(例如,环丙基),或其组合。在一些其他实施方式中,R1是 或
在式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物的其他实施方式中,R1是被一个或多个RA取代的C1-C6烷基。在一些此类实施方式中,R1是被一个或两个RA取代的C1-C3烷基或C2-C4烷基(例如,乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基或叔丁基),所述RA独立地选自下组:卤素(例如,氯或氟),C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基、乙基、异丙基或叔丁基),C1-C6卤代烷基(例如,三氟甲基),以及被一个或多个卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、或C1-C6卤代烷氧基任选取代的C3-C7环烷基(例如,环丙基),或其组合。在一些其他实施方式中,R1是-CH2F、-CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2、-CH(CH3)CF3或-CH(CH2CH3)CF3。在一些实施方式中,R1不是-CF3。在其他实施方式中,当R1是-CF3时,则R2是卤素(例如,氟)、羟基、氰基、硝基、C1-C6烷氧基(例如甲氧基)、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C1-C6卤代烷基(例如三氟甲基)或C1-C6卤代烷氧基(例如三氟甲氧基)。
在式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物的其他实施方式中,R1是任选取代的3-7元杂环基。在一些此类实施方式中,杂环基基团包含一个或多个杂原子,所述杂原子选自下组:氮、氧、硫和其组合。在其他实施方式中,杂环基基团包含在环或环系统中的一个不饱和键(例如,一个碳-碳双键)。在其中R1是任选取代的杂环基基团的化合物的一些实施方式中,R2不是氢。在一些此类实施方式中,R2是卤素(例如氟或氯),羟基,氰基,硝基,C1-C6烷基(例如甲基),C1-C6烷氧基(例如甲氧基),C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6卤代烷基(例如三氟甲基),C1-C6卤代烷氧基(例如三氟甲氧基),任选取代的(例如,当R2是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基)。
在式(I)或(Ia)化合物的一些实施方式中,R2是氢。在其他实施方式中,R2是氘。在其他的实施方式中,R2是卤素,例如氟或氯。在一些实施方式中,R2是C1-C6烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基(直链或支链)或己基(直链或支链)。在其他实施方式中,R2是C1-C6烷氧基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基(直链或支链)或己氧基(直链或支链)。在其他实施方式中,R2是C1-C3卤代烷基,例如C1-C3氟烷基或C1-C3氯烷基。例如,R2可以是-CH2F,-CHF2,-CF3,-CH2CF3,-CF2CF3,-(CH)CH3CF3,或-CH2Cl。在一些实施方式中,R2是氢、氟代、氯代、甲基、三氟甲基或甲氧基。在一些实施方式中,R2不是氢。在一些实施方式中,当R2是任选取代的(例如,当R2是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基)时,R2被一个或多个RA任选取代。
在式(I)、(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的一些实施方式中,R3是氢。在其他实施方式中,R3是氘。在其他实施方式中,R3是氟。在其他实施方式中,R3是甲基或乙基。在一些实施方式中,R3不是氢。
在式(I)、(Ia)或(Ib)化合物的一些实施方式中,R4是氢。在其他实施方式中,R4是C1-C6烷基,例如甲基。在一些实施方式中,R4不是氢。
在式(I)或(Ib)化合物的一些实施方式中,R5是氢、氘、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C3卤代烷基。在一些其他实施方式中,R5是氢、氟代、氯代、甲基、三氟甲基或甲氧基。在一个实施方式中,R5是氢。在另一个实施方式中,R5是氟。在一些实施方式中,当R5被任选取代(例如,当R5是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基)时,R5被一个或多个RA任选取代。
在式(I)或(Ib)化合物的一些实施方式中,R6是氢。在其他实施方式中,R6是氘。在其他实施方式中,R6是卤素,例如氟或氯。在一些实施方式中,R6是C1-C6烷基,例如甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基(直链或支链)或己基(直链或支链)。在其他实施方式中,R6是C1-C6烷氧基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基(直链或支链)或己氧基(直链或支链)。在其他实施方式中,R6是C1-C3卤代烷基,例如C1-C3氟烷基或C1-C3氯烷基。例如,R6可以是-CH2F,-CHF2,-CF3,-CH2CF3,-CF2CF3,-(CH)CH3CF3,或-CH2Cl。在一些实施方式中,R6是氢、氟代、甲基、三氟甲基或甲氧基。在一些实施方式中,当R6被任选取代(例如,当R6是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基)时,R6被一个或多个RA任选取代。
在式(I)化合物的一些实施方式中,R7是氢。在其他实施方式中,R7是C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基)。
在式(I)化合物的一些实施方式中,R8是氢。在其他实施方式中,R8是C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基)。在一些实施方式中,R8是其中R9a和R9b各自独立地是H或C1-C6烷基。在一个此类实施方式中,R9a和R9b二者均是叔丁基。在一些实施方式中,R8是其中R10a、R10b、R11a和R11b各自独立地是氢或C1-C6烷基。在一些此类实施方式中,R10a、R11a和R11b中的每个是氢,并且R10b是C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基、乙基或异丙基)。
在式(Ia)化合物的其他实施方式中,X是CH2或C=O;R1是未取代的C3-C8环烷基或未取代的C4-C8环烯基;R2是氢、氘、卤素、未取代的C1-C6烷基、未取代的C1-C6烷氧基或未取代的C1-C3卤代烷基;R3是氢、氘、氟代或甲基;R4是氢或甲基;且R5、R6、R7和R8中的每个是氢。
在本文所述化合物的任何实施方式中,RA独立是卤素(例如,氯或氟),羟基,氰基,硝基,C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基、乙基、异丙基或叔丁基),C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基(例如,三氟甲基),C1-C6卤代烷氧基(例如,三氟甲氧基),氨基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,或被一个或多个卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基或C1-C6卤代烷氧基任选取代的C3-C7环烷基(例如,环丙基),或其组合。在一些其他实施方式中,当RA是任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,任选取代的C4-C8环烯基,或任选取代的3-7元杂环基时,C3-C8环烷基、C4-C8环烯基和3-7元杂环基中的每个是未取代的或者被独立地选自下组的一个或多个取代基取代:卤素(例如,氯或氟),C1-C6烷基(例如,甲基、乙基、异丙基或叔丁基),C1-C6卤代烷基(例如,三氟甲基),C1-C6烷氧基(例如,甲氧基)或C1-C6卤代烷氧基(例如,三氟甲氧基)。
非限制性的示例性式(I)化合物包括以下:
药物组合物
一些实施方式提供了药物组合物,所述药物组合物包含本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,和至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
术语“药物组合物”是指本文公开的一种或多种化合物和/或盐与其他化学组分(例如一种或多种赋形剂)的混合物。药物组合物有利于对生物体施用化合物。药物组合物也可以通过将化合物与无机或有机酸(例如盐酸、氢溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、甲烷磺酸、乙烷磺酸、对甲苯磺酸和水杨酸)反应获得。药物组合物通常将被调节以用于特定的预期施用途径。
如本文所用的,“赋形剂”是指被添加至药物组合物以便为组合物提供(但不限于)体积、稠度、稳定性、结合能力、润滑性、崩解能力等的基本惰性的物质。例如,稳定剂例如抗氧化剂和金属螯合剂是赋形剂。赋形剂还包括药物组合物中的缺乏可察觉的药理学活性但在药学上可能是必要或理想的成分。例如,为增加质量太小而不能生产和/或施用的强效药物的体积。其也可以是用于溶解药物以通过注射、摄入或吸入施用的液体。例如,缓冲水溶液,例如但不限于,磷酸盐缓冲盐水,其模拟人类血液的pH和等渗性。
本文所述的药物组合物可以以其本身或者在其与其他活性成分(如在组合疗法中)或赋形剂或它们的组合混合的药物组合物中施用给人类患者。合适的制剂取决于所选择的施用途径。用于配制和施用本文公开的化合物的技术是本领域技术人员已知的。
本文所公开的药物组合物可以以其自身已知的方式制造,例如通过常规混合、溶解、造粒、包糖衣、磨细、乳化、封装、包埋或压片工艺。另外地,所包含的活性成分的剂量能有效实现其预期目。本文公开的药物组合物中使用的许多化合物可以作为具有药学上相容抗衡离子的盐来提供。
在本领域中存在施用化合物、盐和/或组合物的多种技术,包括但不限于经口服、直肠、肺部、局部、气溶胶、注射、输注和肠胃外递送(包括肌肉内、皮下、静脉内、髓内注射、鞘内、直接心室内、腹膜内、鼻内和眼内注射)。在一些实施方式中,本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,可口服施用。
人们也可以以局部而非全身方式施用所述化合物、盐和/或组合物,例如经由将化合物直接注射或植入到患处,通常以储库剂或缓释制剂的形式。此外,人们可以以靶向药物递送系统的方式施用化合物,例如以用组织特异性抗体包衣的脂质体形式。脂质体将靶向器官并被器官选择性地摄取。例如,靶向呼吸道疾病或病况的鼻内或肺部递送可能是理想的。
如果需要,组合物可在包装或分配装置中呈现,所述包装或分配装置可以包含一个或多个含有活性成分的单位剂型。包装可以例如包含金属或塑料箔,例如泡囊包装。包装或分配装置可以附有给药说明书。包装或分配装置还可以附有与容器相关的通知,该通知采用政府机构规定的形式,管理药品的制造、使用或销售,该通知反映了该机构对人体或兽医用药形式的批准。此类通知例如可以为美国食品和药品管理局的处方药批准标签,或者批准的药物插页。也可以制备可以包含在可相容的药物赋形剂中配制的本文所述的化合物和/或盐的组合物,放置在合适容器中,并且标记为用于治疗所指示的病况。
化合物、盐和/或药物组合物可以以试剂盒的形式提供给用药医师或其他健康护理专业人员。试剂盒是容纳容器的包装,所述容器包含合适的药物组合物形式的化合物以及将该药物组合物施用给受试者的说明书。试剂盒还可以任选地包含一种或多种其他治疗剂。试剂盒还可以包含单独剂量的化合物或药物组合物用于连续或依次施用。试剂盒可以任选地包含一个或多个诊断工具和使用说明书。试剂盒可以包含合适的递送装置,例如注射器等,以及用于施用该化合物及任何其他治疗剂的说明书。试剂盒可以任选地包含用于存储、重建(如果需要的话)和施用任何或所有所含治疗剂的说明书。试剂盒可以包括多个容器,反映对受试者的施用次数。
治疗用途/方法
一些实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻癌症的方法,包括对受试者施用有效量的本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。在一些实施方式中,癌症是淋巴瘤、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、皮肤癌、脑癌、肺癌、视网膜细胞癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌、肝癌、腺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、肾癌、膀胱癌、胰腺癌或脂肪肉瘤。在一些实施方式中,癌症通过一种或多种蛋白的功能障碍介导,其中所述蛋白质是细胞因子、PDE6、CK1α或ikaros,或其组合。在一些此类实施方式中,细胞因子是TNFα、IL-1β、IL-2或IL-6,或其组合。在一个实施方式中,疾病由IL-2介导。
在一些实施方式中,淋巴瘤是霍奇金淋巴瘤、套细胞淋巴瘤或B-细胞淋巴瘤。在一些实施方式中,白血病是急性淋巴母细胞性白血病(ALL)、急性粒细胞性白血病(AML)、慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)或慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)。在一些实施方式中,皮肤癌是黑素瘤或鳞状细胞癌。
在一些实施方式中,脑癌是神经母细胞瘤、胶质母细胞瘤或星形细胞瘤。在其他实施方式中,肺癌是非小细胞肺癌或小细胞肺癌。在其他实施方式中,癌症是乳腺癌或卵巢癌。在其他实施方式中,癌症是视网膜细胞癌、腺癌或脂肪肉瘤。
在一些实施方式中,癌症是前列腺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌、肾癌、膀胱癌或胰腺癌。
一些实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中减轻或治疗视网膜疾病的方法,包括对受试者施用有效量的本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。在一些实施方式中,视网膜疾病是色素性视网膜炎(RP)、常染色体显性先天静止性夜盲(adCSNB)、全色盲(ACHM)和纤毛类疾病。在一些实施方式中,纤毛类疾病选自以下:视网膜纤毛类疾病、Meckel-Gruber综合征、Joubert综合征(JBTS)、Bardet-Biedl综合征或Usher综合征。在一些实施方式中,癌症由PDE6(例如,PDE6δ或PDE6D)调节异常的功能障碍介导。
一些其他实施方式提供了在有需求的受试者中减轻或治疗炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病的方法,包括对受试者施用有效量的本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或其药物组合物。在一些实施方式中,炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病是纤维化、多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、狼疮、纤维肌痛症、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、牛皮癣、牛皮癣关节炎、炎性肠病、克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、葡萄膜炎、慢性阻塞性肺病、食物过敏、哮喘或过敏症。在一些实施方式中,炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病由一种或多种炎性细胞因子(例如TNFα、IL-1β或IL-6,或其组合)的功能障碍、调节异常或不正常激活介导。在其他实施方式中,炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病由IL-2调节异常的过表达引起。
在治疗方法的任何实施方式中,本文所述的化合物或其盐可以与第二种治疗剂共同施用。
一些实施方式提供了在细胞中抑制CK1α的活性的方法,包括将细胞接触本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施方式中,细胞具有异常的CK1α活性。其他实施方式提供了在细胞中抑制PDE6的活性的方法,包括将细胞接触本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施方式中,细胞具有异常的PDE6活性。在一个实施方式中,PDE6是PDE6δ或PDE6D。其他实施方式提供了在细胞中抑制ikaros活性的方法,包括将细胞接触本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施方式中,细胞具有异常的ikaros活性。在一些实施方式中,CK1α是CK1α突变体。在其他实施方式中,CK1α是野生型。在一些实施方式中,PDE6是PDE6突变体。在一些实施方式中,PDE6突变体是c.140-1G>A PDE6D。在其他实施方式中,PDE6是野生型。在一些实施方式中,ikaros是突变体。在其他实施方式中,ikaros是野生型。在一些实施方式中,CK1α、PDE6和/或ikaros过表达。
其他实施方式提供了在细胞中调节细胞因子的方法,包括将细胞接触本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐。在一些实施方式中,细胞因子是TNFα、IL-1β、IL-2或IL-6,或其组合。在一些实施方式中,所述方法抑制本文所述的一种或多种细胞因子。在一个实施方式中,所述方法下调IL-2。
在一些实施方式中,细胞是癌细胞。在一些实施方式中,癌细胞选自霍奇金淋巴瘤细胞、套细胞淋巴瘤细胞、B-细胞淋巴瘤细胞、急性淋巴母细胞性白血病(ALL)细胞,急性粒细胞性白血病(AML)细胞、慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)细胞、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)细胞、多发性骨髓瘤细胞、视网膜细胞癌细胞、前列腺癌细胞、卵巢癌细胞、鳞状细胞癌细胞、黑素瘤细胞、肝癌细胞、神经母细胞瘤细胞、腺癌细胞、非小细胞肺癌细胞、小细胞肺癌细胞、乳腺癌细胞、结直肠癌细胞、脑癌细胞、肾癌细胞、膀胱癌细胞、胰腺癌细胞、脂肪肉瘤细胞、胶质母细胞瘤细胞、星形细胞瘤细胞、头颈癌细胞、甲状腺癌细胞和骨肉瘤细胞。
在一些实施方式中,细胞在需要癌症治疗的受试者中。
在一些实施方式中,细胞是需要治疗视网膜疾病的受试者中的视网膜细胞。在实施方式中,细胞在需要治疗选自下组的视网膜疾病的受试者中:色素性视网膜炎(RP)、常染色体显性先天静止性夜盲(adCSNB)、全色盲(ACHM)、视网膜纤毛类疾病、Meckel-Gruber综合征、Joubert综合征(JBTS)、Bardet-Biedl综合征和Usher综合征。
用于确定治疗癌症的方法的有效性的各种指标是本领域技术人员已知的。合适指标的示例包括,但不限于,细胞生长/增殖减少,肿瘤尺寸减少,临床结果的发病率或致死率减少和/或疾病反应的其他指标。
在一些实施方式中,当在接受初始剂量的化合物之后若干小时(例如,在接受初始剂量的化合物之后60小时)所测定的,相对于受试者中治疗前的水平,本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,可以导致细胞复制和/或肿瘤尺寸减少至少1,2,3,4,5,10,15,20,25,50,75,100倍或更多倍。在一些实施方式中,如在接受初始剂量的化合物之后若干小时(例如,在接受初始剂量的化合物之后60小时)所测定的,与通过标准护理(例如,阿糖胞苷与柔红霉素或伊达比星结合)所实现的细胞复制和/或肿瘤尺寸减少相比,式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐能够导致细胞复制和/或肿瘤尺寸减少至少1,2,3,4,5,10,15,20,25,50,75,100倍或更多倍,或者与用标准护理治疗5天之后所实现的减少相比,可以在更短时间内实现与标准护理相同的减少,例如在一天、两天、三天、四天或五天内。
在一段时间之后,癌症能够发展出对一种或多种治疗剂的耐药性。如本文所用的,术语“耐药性”是指癌症细胞对治疗剂显示延迟应答、削弱应答和/或零应答。例如,在用抗癌剂治疗之后,患有耐药性癌症的受试者中的癌症生长和/或扩散与患有不耐药的癌症的受试者中的癌症生长和/或传播相比可以被降低到较低程度。在一些实施方式中,本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,可以被施用给患有对一种或多种不同试剂(例如,抗癌剂,例如烷基化剂、植物生物碱、抗肿瘤抗生素、抗代谢物,拓扑异构酶、抗微管剂以及检查点抑制剂)具有耐药性的癌症的受试者。在一些实施方式中,与具有对其他药物的耐药性的癌症的发展相比,当受试者用式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐治疗时,耐药性的发展可以被延迟。
在一些实施方式中,与用标准护理(例如,阿糖胞苷与柔红霉素或伊达比星的组合)治疗的经历并发症的受试者的百分比相比,本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,可以降低经历来自癌症的并发症的患者的百分比。例如,用式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐治疗的经历并发症的受试者的百分比与用阿糖胞苷结合柔红霉素或伊达比星治疗的受试者相比,可以减少10%,25%,40%,50%,60%,70%,80%和90%。
利用如本文所述的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的潜在优势可以是,与施用其他化合物时的障碍相比,可以对抗药性发展产生更大的障碍。利用如本文所述的式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的其他优点可以包括,相对用于其他化合物(例如,标准护理(例如,阿糖胞苷与柔红霉素或伊达比星结合))来说,降低毒性;减少副作用;对细胞色素P450有很少或没有显著影响;和/或对p-糖蛋白有很少或没有显著影响。
对于本领域技术人员来说显而易见的是,有效体内给药剂量和特定施用方式将取决于年龄、体重、痛苦的严重程度和所治疗的哺乳动物物种、所使用的特定化合物以及所使用这些化合物的特定用途而变化。有效剂量水平(即实现期望结果所必需的剂量水平)的测定可由本领域技术人员使用常规方法(例如,人体临床试验和体外研究)来完成。
剂量范围可以很广,取决于预期效果和治疗适应症。可替代地,如本领域技术人员所理解的,可以基于患者的表面积来计算剂量。虽然确切的剂量将根据不同药物来确定,但在大多数情况下,可以对剂量进行一些概括。成人患者的每日剂量方案可以是例如每种活性成分的口服剂量在0.01mg至3000mg之间,优选在1mg至700mg之间,例如5-200mg。根据受试者需求,剂量可以是单个剂量或者在一日或多日时间内给与的一系列两个或更多个剂量。在一些实施方式中,化合物将被施用一段连续治疗的时段,例如一周或多周,或者数月或数年。
如果至少在某些情况下已经确定了化合物的人体剂量,则可以使用相同的剂量,或者使用所确定的人体剂量的约0.1%到500%之间、更优选在约25%到250%之间的剂量。在没有确定人体剂量的情况下,如新发现的药物组合物的情况一样,可从ED50或ID50值,或从体外或体内研究得出的其他适当值推断出合适的人体剂量,如通过动物毒性研究的功效研究所鉴定的。
在施用药学上可接受的盐的情况下,剂量可计算为游离碱。如本领域技术人员将理解的,在某些情况下,可能需要以超过或甚至远远超过上述优选剂量范围的量施用本文所公开的化合物,以便有效且积极地治疗特具侵袭性的疾病或感染。
剂量和间隔可以个别地调整以提供足以维持调节作用的活性部分的血浆水平或最小有效浓度(MEC)。每种化合物的MEC会有所不同,但可以通过体外数据进行估计。达到MEC所需的剂量将取决于个体特征和给药途径。然而,HPLC测定法或生物测定法可以用于确定血浆浓度。也可以使用MEC值来测定剂量间隔。组合物应使用如下方案施用:其在10-90%(优选在30-90%之间,更优选在50-90%之间)的时间内保持血浆水平高于MEC。在局部施用或选择性摄入的情况中,有效的局部药物浓度可能与血浆浓度无关。
应注意的是,主治医师知道如何以及何时因毒性或器官功能障碍而终止、中断或调整给药。相反,如果临床反应不充分(排除毒性),主治医生也会知道调整治疗到更高的水平。治疗目标病症的剂量大小将随待治疗疾病的严重程度和给药途径而变化。状况的严重程度可以例如部分地通过标准预后评估方法来评估。此外,剂量和可能的剂量频率也将根据个体患者的年龄、体重和反应而变。与上面讨论的程序类似的程序可用于兽医学。
可以使用已知方法来评估本文公开的化合物的功效和毒性。例如,可以通过测定对细胞系(例如哺乳动物细胞系,优选人类细胞系)的体外毒性来建立特定化合物或享有特定化学部分的化合物亚组的毒理学。此类研究的结果经常是在动物,例如哺乳动物,或更具体地为人类中的毒性的预兆。可替代地,可以使用已知方法来测定特定化合物在动物模型,例如小鼠、大鼠、兔子或猴子中的毒性。可以使用数种公认的方法,例如体外方法、动物模型或人类临床试验,来确立特定化合物的功效。当选择模型来测定功效时,技术人员可以受本领域的状态的指导而选择合适的模型、剂量、施用途径和/或方案。
其他治疗剂
一些实施方式提供了药物组合物,其包括本文所述的化合物,包括式(I)、(Ia)、(Ib)或(Ic)化合物,或前述任何的药学上可接受的盐,以及第二种治疗剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是抗炎剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是非甾体抗炎剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是抗癌剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是免疫刺激剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是免疫抑制剂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是抗体。
在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂选自以下:阿司匹林;二氟尼柳;水杨酰水杨酸;对乙酰氨基酚;布洛芬;右布洛芬;萘普生;非诺洛芬;酮洛芬;右酮洛芬;氟比洛芬;奥沙普秦;洛索洛芬;吲哚美辛;托美丁;舒林酸;依托度酸;酮咯酸;双氯芬酸;醋氯芬酸;萘丁美酮;烯醇酸;吡罗昔康;美洛昔康;替诺昔康;屈昔康;氯诺昔康;伊索昔康;甲芬那酸;甲氯芬那酸;氟芬那酸;托芬那酸;磺苯胺;氯尼辛;利克飞龙;地塞米松和强的松。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是氮芥;环磷酰胺;美法仑;苯丁酸氮芥;异环磷酰胺;白消安;N-亚硝基-N-甲基脲(MNU);卡莫司汀(BCNU);洛莫司丁(CCNU);司莫司丁(MeCCNU);福莫司丁;链脲霉素;达卡巴嗪;米托唑胺;替莫唑胺;噻替哌;自力霉素;亚丝醌(AZQ);顺铂;卡铂或奥沙利铂。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是长春新碱;长春花碱;长春瑞滨;长春地辛;长春氟宁;紫杉醇;多西他赛;依托泊苷;替尼泊苷;托法替尼;伊沙匹隆;伊立替康;拓扑替康;喜树碱;阿霉素;米托蒽醌或替尼泊苷。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是放线菌素;博来霉素;普卡霉素;丝裂霉素;柔红霉素;表柔比星;伊达比星;吡柔比星;阿柔比星;米托蒽醌;环磷酰胺;甲氨蝶呤;5-氟尿嘧啶;泼尼松龙;亚叶酸;甲氨蝶呤;美法仑;卡培他滨;氮芥;尿嘧啶氮芥;美法仑;苯丁酸氮芥;异环磷酰胺;苯达莫司汀;6-巯基嘌呤或丙卡巴肼。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是克拉屈滨;培美曲塞;氟达拉滨;吉西他滨;羟基脲;奈拉滨;克拉屈滨;氟法拉滨;阿糖胞苷;地西他滨;阿糖胞苷;阿糖胞苷脂质体;普拉曲沙;氟脲苷;氟达拉滨;秋水仙碱;硫鸟嘌呤;卡巴他赛;拉洛他赛;奥他赛;多西他赛;氨蝶呤;培美曲塞;普拉曲沙;雷替曲塞;培美曲塞;卡莫氟或氟脲苷。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是阿扎胞苷;地西他滨;羟基尿素;拓扑替康;伊立替康;贝洛替康;替尼泊苷;阿柔比星;表柔比星;伊达比星;氨柔比星;吡柔比星;戊柔比星;佐柔比星;米托蒽醌;匹杉琼;氮芥;苯丁酸氮芥;泼尼氮芥;尿嘧啶氮芥;雌莫司汀;卡莫司汀;洛莫司汀;福莫司丁;尼莫司汀;雷莫司汀;卡巴醌;噻替哌;三亚胺醌或曲他胺。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是奈达铂;赛特铂;丙卡巴肼;达卡巴嗪;替莫唑胺;六甲蜜胺;二溴甘露醇;哌泊溴烷;放线菌素;博来霉素;普卡霉素;氨基乙酰丙酸;氨基乙酰丙酸甲酯;乙丙昔罗;他拉泊芬;替莫泊芬;维替泊芬;夫拉平度;塞利西利;帕博西尼;硼替佐米;卡非佐米;阿那格雷;马索罗酚;奥拉帕尼;贝利司他;帕比司他;罗米地辛;伏立诺他;艾代拉里斯;阿曲生坦;蓓萨罗丁;睾内酯;安吖啶;曲贝替定;阿里维A酸;维甲酸;秋水仙胺;依沙芦星;乙环氧啶;氯尼达明;甲硫恩酮;米托胍腙;米托坦;奥利美生;高三尖杉酯碱或艾瑞布林。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是咪唑硫嘌呤;霉酚酸;来氟米特;特立氟胺;他克莫司;环孢菌素;吡美莫司;阿贝莫司;胍立莫司;来那度胺;泊马度胺;沙利度胺;阿那白滞素;雷帕霉素;依维莫司;地磷莫司;西罗莫司脂化物;尤米莫司;佐他莫司;依库珠单抗;阿达木单抗;阿非莫单抗;赛妥珠单抗;戈利木单抗;英夫利昔;奈瑞莫单抗;美泊利单抗;奥马珠单抗;法拉莫单抗;伊斯利莫;罗氏单抗;优特克单抗;依那西普;奥昔珠单抗;替利组单抗;维西珠单抗;克立昔单抗;凯利昔单抗;扎木单抗;依法珠单抗;厄立珠珠单抗;奥滨尤妥珠单抗;利妥昔单抗或奥瑞组单抗。在一些实施方式中,第二种治疗剂是帕考珠单抗;鲁昔单抗;鲁西单抗;替奈昔单抗;托利珠单抗;阿塞珠单抗;加利昔单抗;加维莫单抗;芦利珠单抗;贝利单抗;布利莫德;伊匹单抗;曲美木单抗;柏替木单抗;乐地单抗;美替木单抗;那他珠单抗;托珠单抗;奥都莫单抗;巴利昔单抗;达克珠单抗;依诺莫单抗;阿佐莫单抗;阿托木单抗;西地利珠单抗;芳妥珠单抗;马斯莫单抗;莫罗木单抗;派姆单抗;培克珠单抗;瑞利珠单抗;罗维珠单抗;希普利珠单抗;他利珠单抗;阿替莫单抗;伐利昔单抗;维帕莫单抗;阿巴西普;贝拉西普;培那西普;阿柏西普;阿法赛特或利纳西普。
实施例
尽管为清楚和理解的目的,前文中已通过举例说明和示例的方式描述了一些细节,但本领域技术人员应理解,可作出许多各种修改而不会背离本公开的精神。因此,应当清楚地理解,本文所公开的形式仅是说明性的,并不意在限制本公开的范围,而是还涵盖具有本发明的真正范围和精神的所有修改和替代方案。
本文公开的化合物的表征使用Bruker AV-500和DRX-500NMR分光光度计的PerkinElmer PE-SCIEX API-150质谱仪进行。
实施例1.化合物1:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
向3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(1.92g,7.79mmol)的CCl4(45mL)溶液中添加NBS(1.43g,8.03mmol)。添加过氧化二苯甲酰(250mg,0.76mmol),混合物于80℃加热4h。将混合物冷却至室温,用DCM稀释,并用NaHCO3饱和水溶液洗涤。有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩以得到3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(2.54g,定量产率),其是油状物。
将3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(2.54g,7.79mmol)溶解在ACN(15ml)中,并且添加到4,5-二氨基-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯盐酸盐(1.85g,7.79mmol)和K2CO3(2.70g,19.5mmol)在ACN(45mL)中的混合物中。混合物在60℃加热2h,浓缩,溶解在EA中,并且用H2O洗涤。有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩以得到5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(2.87g,89%产率),其是固体。
向5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(1.50g,3.61mmol)的甲苯/H2O(23mL:3mL)溶液中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(840mg,4.33mmol),然后添加K2CO3(1.28g,9.26mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(600mg,0.735mmol)。在用N2净化之后,混合物在85℃加热16h。将混合物冷却至室温,通过过滤,用EA稀释,并且用H2O洗涤。有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶(Biotage)纯化,用EA洗脱,得到5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(938mgs,65%产率)。
向5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(1.04g,2.59mmol)的MeOH(40mL)溶液中添加Pd/C(催化)。混合物在H2下搅拌16h,随后通过过滤,并且浓缩以得到5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(805mg,77%产率)。
向5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(805mg,1.99mmol)的DCM(30mL)溶液中添加TFA(10mL)。将混合物搅拌3h,随后浓缩。添加ACN(40mL),然后添加CDI(1.30g,8.07mmol)和TEA(0.5mL)。混合物在80℃加热2h,随后浓缩,溶解在EA中,并且用饱和NaHCO3洗涤。有机层经MgSO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶(Biotage)纯化,用EA洗脱,得到3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)哌啶-2,6-二酮(320mg,50%产率),其是固体。MS(ESI)m/z 331.3[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.99(s,1H),7.34(m,1H),7.32(m,1H),5.12(d,1H),4.34-4.47(m,2H),3.07-2.88(m,2H),2.62(d,1H),2.44(m,1H),1.98-2.04(m,3H),1.80(m,2H),1.59-1.65(m,4H)。
实施例2.化合物2:3-(4-环戊基-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物2的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 313.1[M+H]+。
实施例3.化合物3:3-(4-环己基-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物3的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(环己-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 345.1[M+H]+。
实施例4.化合物4:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-甲基哌啶-2,
6-二酮
向3-氨基-3-甲基哌啶-2,6-二酮(520mg,2.91mmol,HCl盐)的DMF(12mL)溶液中于0℃添加TEA(736.6mg,7.279mmol)和3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(788.5mg,2.426mmol)。混合物在50℃加热过夜。将混合物浓缩,残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至5%的MeOH/DCM洗脱,得到3-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-甲基哌啶-2,6-二酮(552mg,64%产率),其是固体。
向3-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-甲基哌啶-2,6-二酮(250mg,0.7062mmol)的DMF(15mL)溶液中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(205.5mg,1.059mmol)和K2CO3(194.9mg,1.412mmol)。混合物用N2净化,并且添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(206.7mg,0.2825mmol)。混合物在100℃加热过夜,随后浓缩。所得的残余物用H2O稀释,并且用DCM萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用10%至80%的EA/PE洗脱,得到3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-甲基哌啶-2,6-二酮(150mg,62%产率),其是固体。
向3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-甲基哌啶-2,6-二酮(150mg,0.439mmol)在MeOH(4mL)和DCM(3mL)中的溶液中添加Pd/C(200mg)。混合物用H2净化,随后在H2下搅拌12h。将混合物过滤,并且将滤液浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用1%至90%的EA/石油洗脱,得到化合物4(84.6mg,56%产率),其是固体。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.90(s,1H),7.37-7.40(m,1H),7.21-7.24(m,1H),4.64-4.75(m,2H),3.08-3.12(m,1H),2.71-2.76(m,1H),2.60-2.68(m,1H),2.54-2.55(m,1H),2.05-2.07(m,2H),1.86-1.91(m,1H),1.82(s,2H),1.70(s,3H),1.60-1.67(m,4H)。MS(ESI)m/z 345[M+H]+。
实施例5.化合物5:3-(4-环丙基-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物5的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-环丙基-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z303.0[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.00(s,1H),7.29-7.27(m,1H),7.03-7.00(m,1H),5.14(dd,J=4.8,13.2Hz,1H),4.55-4.35(m,2H),2.97-2.88(m,1H),2.63-2.59(m,1H),2.47-2.40(m,1H),2.05-2.02(m,1H),1.97-1.91(m,1H),1.03-1.01(m,2H),0.85-0.84(m,2H)。
实施例6.化合物6:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-4-甲基哌啶-2,
6-二酮
向3-氨基-4-甲基哌啶-2-酮(76mg,0.59mmol)的DMF(4mL)溶液中于0℃添加N,N-二异丙基乙胺(159mg,1.24mmol)和3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸酯(160mg,0.494mmol)。混合物在50℃加热过夜。将混合物浓缩,残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至5%的MeOH/DCM洗脱,得到4-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(152mg,91%产率),其是固体。
向4-溴-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(152mg,0.4470mmol)的甲苯/水(10mL/1mL)溶液中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(130mg,0.671mmol)和K2CO3(123.4mg,0.894mmol)。混合物用N2净化,并且添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(131mg,0.179mmol)。混合物在100℃加热过夜,随后浓缩。残余物用H2O稀释,并且用DCM萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用10%至100%的EA/PE洗脱,得到4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(75mg,52%产率),其是固体。
向4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(75mg,0.2286mmol)的MeOH(3mL)和DCM(1.5mL)溶液中添加Pd/C(100mg)。混合物用H2净化,随后在H2下搅拌12h。将混合物过滤并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用1%至90%的EA/石油洗脱,得到4-环戊基-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(75.4mg,99.5%产率),其是固体。
向4-环戊基-6-氟-2-(4-甲基-2-氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1-酮(65.4mg,0.198mmol)的ACN(12mL)溶液中添加戴斯马丁试剂(185mg,0.436mmol)和湿DMSO(18滴)。混合物在微波下在120℃加热45min。将混合物冷却至室温,并且用饱和Na2S2O3(5mL)淬灭。混合物用DCM萃取。合并的有机层用NaHCO3(饱和)/Na2S2O3(10%)(1:1)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用10%至60%的EA/石油洗脱,得到化合物6(27.9mg,36%产率),其是固体。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.04(s,1H),7.37-7.40(m,1H),7.32-7.35(m,1H),4.89(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),4.24-4.45(m,2H),3.06-3.10(m,1H),2.60-2.69(m,3H),2.05(s,2H),1.80(s,2H),1.63(s,4H),0.90(d,J=5.6Hz,3H)。MS(ESI)m/z 345[M+H]+.
实施例7.化合物7:3-[4-(4,4-二甲基环己基)-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,6-哌
啶二酮
化合物7的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-(4,4-二甲基环己-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 372.43[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.999(s,1H),7.47-7.44(d,1H),7.34-7.32(d,1H),5.13-5.122(dd,1H),4.468(d,1H),4.33(d,1H),2.954-2.881(t,1H),2.61-2.49(m,2H),2.44-2.41(d,1H),2.025-1.99(m,1H),1.699-1.60(m,4H),1.47(d,2H),1.34-1.299(t,2H),1.005(s,3H),0.941(s,3H)。
实施例8.化合物8:3-[4-(4,4-二甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮
基]-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物8的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(4,4-二甲基-1-环己烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 371.1[M+H]+。
实施例9.化合物9:3-[4-(4,4-二氟-1-环己烯-1-基)-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-
2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物9的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(4,4-二氟-1-环己烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 379.1[M+H]+。
实施例10.化合物10:4-环戊基-2-(2,6-二氧代哌啶-3-基)异二氢吲哚-1,3-二酮
向3-溴邻苯二甲酸(3.20g,12.3mmol)的DMF(16mL)溶液中添加NaHCO3(1.2g,14.7mmol),然后添加碘甲烷(0.92mL,14.7mmol)。混合物在75℃加热3h。将混合物冷却至室温,随后用H2O稀释并用叔丁基甲醚提取。合并的有机层用盐水(60mL)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用50:1到10:1的PE/EA洗脱,得到3-溴邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(3.7g,84%产率),其是固体。
向3-溴邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(1.00g,3.67mmol)在二氧六环/H2O(20mL/2mL)中的混合物中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(852mg,4.40mmol)和K2CO3(1.26g,9.15mmol)。混合物用N2净化,随后添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(536mg,0.73mmol)。混合物在100℃加热过夜,随后浓缩。残余物用H2O稀释并用EA萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物通过制备级TLC纯化,用EA洗脱,得到3-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(876mg,92%产率),其是油状物。
向3-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(876mg,3.37mmol)的MeOH(15mL)溶液中添加10%Pd/C(180mg)。混合物用H2净化,随后在H2下搅拌过夜。将混合物过滤并且浓缩以得到3-环戊基邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(951mg,粗品)。
向3-环戊基邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(951mg,3.63mmol)的二氧六环(6mL)溶液中添加2NNaOH(3.63mL,7.26mmol)。混合物在85℃加热48h,随后浓缩。使用2N HCl将残余物调节至pH为3,随后用EA萃取。有机相经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩以得到粗品3-环戊基邻苯二甲酸(800mg),其是固体。
将3-环戊基邻苯二甲酸(100mg,0.43mmol)的乙酸酐(5mL)溶液在140℃加热3h,随后浓缩,得到4-环戊基异苯并呋喃-1,3-二酮(100mg,粗品),其是固体。
向4-环戊基异苯并呋喃-1,3-二酮(100mg,0.46mmol)的乙酸(5mL)溶液中添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮(76mg,0.46mmol)和乙酸钠(75mg,0.92mmol)。混合物在130℃加热过夜,随后浓缩。残余物通过制备级TLC纯化,用EA洗脱,得到化合物10(54mg,36%产率),其是固体。MS(ESI)m/z 327.1[M+H]+.1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ11.11(s,1H),7.83-7.79(m,2H),7.74-7.72(m,1H),5.12(dd,J=5.2,12.8Hz,1H),4.04-4.00(m,1H),2.90-2.85(m,1H),2.61-2.55(m,1H),2.50-2.49(m,1H),2.48-2.46(m,1H),2.07-2.06(m,2H),2.05-2.03(m,2H),1.70-1.61(m,4H)。
实施例11.化合物11:3-[4-(4,4-二氟环己基)-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,6-哌
啶二酮
化合物11的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-(4,4-二氟环己-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 380.36[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.024(s,1H),7.381(d,1H),7.36(d,1H),5.16-5.14(d,1H),4.504(d,1H),4.376(d,1H),2.996-2.931(m,1H),2.904-2.81(t,1H),2.63-2.60(d,1H),2.49-2.37(m,1H),2.043-2.017(m,4H),1.47(t,2H),1.914-1.86(m,2H),1.80-1.73(m,3H),1.70-1.68(m,2H)。
实施例12.化合物12:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-3-氧代-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶
二酮
化合物12的制备方法与化合物10类似,但是使用3-溴-5-氟邻苯二甲酸代替3-溴邻苯二甲酸。MS(ESI)m/z 345.1[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.12(s,1H),7.68-7.62(m,2H),5.13(dd,J=5.6,12.8Hz,1H),4.01-3.97(m,1H),2.93-2.84(m,1H),2.62-2.46(m,2H),2.08-2.02(m,3H),1.82-1.79(m,2H),1.71-1.59(m,4H)。
实施例13.化合物13:3-(4-环丙基-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物13的制备方法与化合物5类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 285.1[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.00(s,1H),7.52(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.42(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.16(d,J=7.2Hz,1H),5.14(dd,J=4.8,13.2Hz,1H),4.57-4.36(m,2H),2.93-2.90(m,1H),2.63-2.58(m,1H),2.46-2.41(m,1H),2.04-2.01(m,1H),1.94-1.91(m,1H),1.00-0.98(m,2H),0.80-0.75(m,2H)。
实施例14.化合物14:3-(4-环戊基-6-甲氧基-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物14的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用6-溴-4-甲氧基-2-甲苯酸盐代替3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸盐。MS(ESI)m/z 343.1[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.97(s,1H),7.07-7.04(m,2H),5.11(dd,J=4.8,13.2Hz,1H),4.43-4.23(m,2H),3.82(s,3H),3.05-2.87(m,2H),2.61-2.57(m,1H),2.46-2.39(m,1H),2.02-1.99(m,3H),1.80-1.77(m,2H),1.66-1.56(m,4H)。
实施例15.化合物15:3-(4-环庚基-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物15的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(1-环庚烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 358.41[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.01(s,1H),7.36-7.39(m,2H),5.15-5.11(dd,1H),4.491(d,1H),4.33(d,1H),2.954-2.881(t,1H),2.891-2.88(t,1H),2.79-2.75(d,1H),2.5-2.49(d,1H),2.039-2.01(m,1H),1.80-1.78(bm,4H),1.70-1.68(m,4H),1.005(s,3H),1.6-1.5(m,4H)。
实施例16.化合物16:3-(4-环戊基-5,6-二氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物16的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-5,6-二氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 348.8[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.01(s,1H),7.62(t,1H),5.10-5.13(m,1H),4.50-4.53(d,1H),4.38-4.40(d,1H),3.12-3.17(m,1H),2.94-2.99(m,1H),2.51-2.55(m,1H),2.43-2.48(m,1H),1.99-2.05(m,3H),1.83-1.90(m,2H),1.66-1.80(m,4H)。
实施例17.化合物17:3-(4-(二氟甲基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)哌啶-2,
6-二酮
3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(3.00g,12.2mmol),Zn(CN)2(1.12g,9.7mmol)和Pd(PPh3)4(1.4g,0.09mmol)在DMF(20mL)中的混合物在N2下在100℃搅拌6h。将混合物浓缩并且倾倒入H2O中,随后用叔丁基甲醚萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用50:1-20:1的PE/EA洗脱,得到3-氰基-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(2.73g,87%产率),其是固体。
向3-氰基-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(600mg,3.10mmol)的吡啶/H2O/乙酸(5mL/5mL/5mL)溶液中于0℃添加NaH2PO2(2.14g,24.8mmol)和雷尼Ni(1.0g)。在0℃下5小时之后,将混合物使用1N HCl酸化,并且用DCM萃取。有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至5%的EA/PE洗脱,得到5-氟-3-甲酰基-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(200mg,33%产率),其是油状物。
向5-氟-3-甲酰基-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(300mg,1.5mmol)的DCM(20mL)溶液中添加DAST(1.11g,7.6mmol)。将混合物搅拌过夜,随后冷却至0℃,使用饱和NaHCO3水溶液中和,并且用DCM萃取。合并的有机层经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至10%的EA/PE洗脱,得到3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(208mg,46%产率),其是固体。
向3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(200mg,0.70mmol)的四氯化碳(6mL)溶液中添加NBS(138mg,0.77mmol)和过氧化苯甲酰(17mg,0.07mmol)。混合物在80℃加热过夜,随后过滤并且浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至10%的EA/PE洗脱,得到2-(溴甲基)-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(240mg,53%产率),其是油状物。
向2-(溴甲基)-3-(二氟甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(140mg,60%纯度,0.284mmol)的DMF(5mL)溶液中添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮(46.7mg,0.284mmol)和TEA(86.0mg,0.85mmol)。混合物在50℃加热2h,随后用H2O稀释并且用EA萃取。将合并的有机层浓缩,随后将残余物用DCM磨碎,得到化合物17(41.8mg,28%产率),其是固体。MS(ESI)m/z313.0[M+H]+.1H NMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ:11.02(s,1H),7.76-7.72(m,2H),7.26(t,J=54.8Hz,1H),5.16(dd,J=13.2,4.8Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=17.6Hz,1H),4.60(d,J=18.0Hz,1H),2.96-2.86(m,1H),2.62-2.57(m,1H),2.50-2.43(m,1H),2.06-2.01(m,1H)。
实施例18.化合物18:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-乙基哌啶-
2,6-二酮
向5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸(3.00g,19.5mmol)的H2SO4(30mL)溶液中于0℃添加NBS(3.40g,19.5mmol)。在0℃下3h之后,将混合物温暖至室温,并且搅拌过夜。将混合物缓慢倾倒入冰水中,并且用EA萃取。有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,并且浓缩以得到3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸(4.2g,粗品),其是固体。
向3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸(4.2g,粗品)的MeOH(16mL)溶液中逐滴添加亚硫酰氯(2.5mL)。混合物在90℃加热3h,随后浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至3%的EA/PE洗脱,得到3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(2.3g,51%产率),其是油状物。
向3-溴-5-氟-2-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(2.00g,8.13mmol)的四氯化碳(20mL)溶液中添加NBS(2.20g,12.2mmol)和AIBN(533mg,3.25mmol)。混合物在90℃加热过夜,随后浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至3%的EA/PE洗脱,得到3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(2.5g,96%产率),其是油状物。
向3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(1.19g,3.67mmol)和TEA(927mg,9.18mmol)的DMF(20mL)溶液中添加3-氨基-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮(837mg,4.4mmol)的DMF(2mL)溶液。混合物在50℃加热3h,随后浓缩。残余物用EA磨碎,得到3-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮(870mg,64%产率),其是固体。
向3-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮(770mg,2.09mmol)的二氧六环/H2O(15mL/15mL)溶液中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(487mg,2.51mmol)和K2CO3(722mg,5.23mmol)。混合物用N2净化,随后添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(307g,0.42mmol)。混合物在100℃加热3h,随后冷却至室温并且过滤。将滤液浓缩,残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至9%的EA/PE洗脱,得到3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮(509mg,68%产率),其是固体。
向3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-3-乙基哌啶-2,6-二酮(208mg,0.58mmol)的THF(10mL)溶液中添加Pd/C(10%含量,200mg)。混合物用H2净化,随后在H2下搅拌12h。将混合物通过垫过滤,并且将滤液浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用100:1-50:1的DCM/MeOH洗脱,得到化合物18(86.2mg,42%产率),其是固体。MS(ESI)m/z359.1[M+H]+.1HNMR(DMSO-d6,400MHz)δ10.88(s,1H),7.39-7.35(m,1H),7.23-7.20(m,1H),4.60(q,J=18.0Hz,2H),3.16-3.08(m,1H),2.58-2.53(m,3H),2.16-2.04(m,5H),1.82-1.78(m,2H),1.68-1.59(m,4H),0.96(t,J=7.2Hz,3H)。
实施例19.化合物19:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)吡咯烷-2,5-
二酮
向3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(440mg,1.35mmol)的DMF(5mL)溶液中添加2,4-二氨基-4-氧代丁酸甲酯(237mg,1.63mmol)和TEA(411mg,4.07mmol)。混合物在50℃加热3h,随后浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至70%的EA/PE洗脱,得到4-氨基-2-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯(336mg,69%产率),其是固体。
向4-氨基-2-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-4-氧代丁酸甲酯(116mg,0.323mmol)的1,4-二氧六环/H2O(4mL/0.4mL)溶液中添加2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷(75.2mg,0.387mmol)和K2CO3(89.2mg,0.646mmol)。混合物用N2净化,并且添加Pd(dppf)Cl2(47.3mg,0.065mmol)。混合物在83℃加热过夜随后冷却至室温并且过滤。将滤液浓缩的残余物使用硅胶纯化,用10%至80%的EA/石油洗脱,得到4-氨基-2-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-4-氧代丁酸(91mg,85%产率),其是固体。
向4-氨基-2-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-4-氧代丁酸(91mg,0.27mmol)的DMF(4mL)溶液中添加CDI(133mg,0.822mmol)。混合物于83℃加热过夜,随后浓缩,残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至50%的EA/石油洗脱,得到3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮(25mg,25%产率),其是固体。
向3-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮(44mg,0.14mmol)的MeOH(1mL)和DCM(2mL)溶液中添加Pd/C(40mg)。混合物用H2净化,随后在H2下搅拌12h。将混合物过滤并且浓缩。残余物通过制备级TLC纯化用EA洗脱,得到化合物19(19.1mg,43%产率),其是固体。MS(ESI)m/z 317.0[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.46(s,1H),7.40-7.30(m,2H),5.27(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),4.69-4.32(m,2H),3.09-3.07(m,1H),2.97-2.94(m,2H),2.04-2.01(m,2H),1.80-1.79(m,2H),1.63-1.60(m,4H)。
实施例20.化合物20:3-(4-环丁基-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物20的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用环丁基硼酸频哪醇酯代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 317.0[M+H]+.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.98(s,1H),7.40-7.37(m,1H),7.34-7.32(m,1H),5.11(dd,J=5.2,13.2Hz,1H),4.40-4.21(m,2H),3.68-3.60(m,1H),2.95-2.88(m,1H),2.63-2.57(m,1H),2.45-2.40(m,1H),2.33-2.29(m,2H),2.21-2.14(m,2H),2.03-1.96(m,2H),1.86-1.81(m,1H)。
实施例21.化合物21:3-(4-环戊基-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)哌啶-
2,6-二酮
向2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(0.512g,2.81mmol)的H2O/MeOH(2:2mL)溶液中添加LiOH(0.202g,8.43mmol)。在2h之后,将混合物浓缩,并且添加1N HCl,直到溶液变为酸性并且沉淀出固体。过滤得到2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸(0.472g,定量产率),其是固体。
向2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸(0.472g,2.81mmol)的H2SO4(4mL)溶液中于0℃添加NBS(0.505g,2.83mmol)。混合物于室温搅拌过夜,随后倾倒入冰中,并且用EA萃取。有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,并且浓缩以得到3-溴-2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸(0.513g,75%产率),其是固体。
向3-溴-2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸(0.513g,2.08mmol)的MeOH(12mL)溶液中逐滴添加H2SO4(2mL)。混合物在60℃加热16h。将混合物浓缩并且用EA萃取。有机相用水和盐水洗涤,随后浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用0%至10%的EA/己烷洗脱,得到3-溴-2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(0.400g,74%产率),其是固体。
向3-溴-2,4-二甲基-5-氟苯甲酸甲酯(0.400g,1.54mmol)的四氯化碳(10mL)溶液中添加NBS(0.301g,1.69mmol)和过氧化苯甲酰(0.074g,0.307mmol)。混合物在80℃加热4h。将混合物过滤以去除未反应的固体,并且浓缩以得到3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯。
向3-溴-2-(溴甲基)-5-氟-4-甲基苯甲酸甲酯(0.520g,1.54mmol)的ACN(12mL)溶液中添加4,5-二氨基-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.366g,1.54mmol)和K2CO3(0.532g,3.85mmol)。混合物在60℃加热6h。将混合物浓缩随后用EA萃取。有机相用水和盐水洗涤,随后浓缩。产品用乙醚沉淀,得到5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.359g,54%产率),其是固体。
向5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.209g,0.488mmol)的甲苯/水(4mL/0.4mL)溶液中添加环戊烯-1-硼酸频哪醇酯(0.195g,0.976mmol)、K2CO3(0.202g,1.465mmol)和Pd(dppf)Cl2(0.793g,0.976mmol)。混合物在90℃加热16h,随后浓缩。残余物使用硅胶纯化,用EA洗脱,得到5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。(0.200g,98%产率)。
向5-氨基-4-(4-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.203g,0.488mmol)的MeOH(18mL)溶液中添加各自为约0.200g的氢氧化钯和Pd/C。混合物用H2净化,并且在H2下搅拌过夜。将混合物过滤并且浓缩以得到5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.145g,71%产率)。
向5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯(0.145g,0.346mmol)的DCM(2mL)溶液中添加TFA(2mL)。在1h之后,将溶液浓缩,得到5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸(0.125g,99%产率)。
向5-氨基-4-(4-环戊基-6-氟-5-甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸(0.125g,0.346mmol)的ACN(5mL)溶液中添加CDI(0.281g,1.73mmol)和TEA(241μm,1.73mmol)。在16h之后,将混合物浓缩并且用EA萃取。有机相用盐水洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,并且用醚磨碎,得到化合物21(0.08g,8%产率)。MS(ESI)m/z 344.4[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.975(s,1H),7.31(d,1H),5.11-5.08(dd,1H),4.51-4.84(d,1H),4.38-4.34(d,1H),2.93-2.86(t,1H),2.60-2.49(d,2H),2.44-2.41(d,1H),2.31(s,3H),2.025-1.99(m,3H),1.83(m,2H),1.68-1.66(m,5H),1.50-1.46(m,1H)。
实施例22.化合物22:3-{4-[(S)-2,2,2-三氟-1-甲基乙基]-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚
酮基}-2,6-哌啶二酮
在与本文所述化合物所用条件类似的反应条件下制备化合物22,但是在钯偶联条件下使用3-氟-5-甲氧基羰基苯基硼酸频哪醇酯和2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯,随后:使用H2和Pd/C还原;使用NBS和AIBN溴化;并且使用TEA添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮。对最终产物粗品进行手性分离得到化合物22。MS(ESI)m/z 359.0[M+H]+.
实施例23.化合物23:3-{4-[(R)-2,2,2-三氟-1-甲基乙基]-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚
酮基}-2,6-哌啶二酮
在与本文所述化合物所用条件类似的反应条件下制备化合物23,但是在钯偶联条件下使用3-氟-5-甲氧基羰基苯基硼酸频哪醇酯和2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯,随后:使用H2和Pd/C还原;使用NBS和AIBN溴化;并且使用TEA添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮。对最终产物粗品进行手性分离得到化合物23。MS(ESI)m/z 359.0[M+H]+.
实施例24.化合物24:3-(4-环戊基-5-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物24的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-5-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸叔丁酯。MS(ESI)m/z 331.1[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.00(s,1H),7.62-7.59(m,1H),7.33-7.28(m,1H),5.11(dd,J=4.8,12.8Hz,1H),4.54(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),4.37(d,J=17.2Hz,1H),3.15-3.08(m,1H),2.96-2.87(m,1H),2.62-2.58(m,1H),2.44-2.41(m,1H),2.01-1.99(m,3H),1.82-1.74(m,4H),1.69-1.65(m,2H)。
实施例25.化合物25:3-[6-氟-4-(2-降冰片烷基)-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,6-哌啶
二酮
化合物25的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(二环[2.2.1]庚烷-2-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 356.4[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.024(s,1H),7.35(s,2H),5.125(d,1H),4.49(d,1H),4.3(d,1H),2.94-2.876(t,1H),2.61-2.58(d,1H),2.49-2.37(m,2H),2.32(s,1H),2.01-1.99(m,1H),1.92-1.86(m,1H),1.56-1.51(m,3H),1.44-1.40(m,2H),1.29-1.24(m,1H),1.11-1.07(m,1H)。
实施例26.化合物26:3-[4-(2,2-二甲基环戊基)-6-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,6-
哌啶二酮
化合物26的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(5,5-二甲基环戊-1-烯基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 358.4[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.024(s,1H),7.381(s,2H),5.14-5.12(d,1H),4.504(d,1H),4.276(d,1H),2.94-2.821(m,2H),2.63-2.57(d,1H),2.49-2.43(m,1H),2.063-2.017(m,3H),1.82(m,1H),1.70(m,1H),1.63(m,2H),0.960-0.94(d,3H),0.745(s,3H)。
实施例27.化合物27:3-(4-环戊基-7-氟-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物27的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-7-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯。MS(ESI)m/z 330.3[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.01(s,1H),7.53-7.56(d,1H),7.21-7.25(t,1H),5.07-5.11(m,1H),4.49-4.53(d,1H),4.33-4.37(d,1H),3.00-3.07(m,1H),2.91-2.96(m,1H),2.56-2.61(m,1H),2.44-2.49(m,1H),1.98-2.05(m,3H),1.78-1.82(m,2H),1.56-1.79(m,4H)。
实施例28.化合物28:3-(6-氯-4-环戊基-2-异二氢吲哚酮基)-2,6-哌啶二酮
化合物28的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氯-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯。MS(ESI)m/z 347.1[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.00(s,1H),7.56(s,2H),5.12(dd,J=4.8,13.2Hz,1H),4.53-4.32(m,2H),3.08-3.04(m,1H),2.97-2.90(m,1H),2.88-2.87(m,1H),2.44-2.40(m,1H),2.05-2.00(m,3H),1.82-1.80(m,2H),1.63-1.58(m,4H)。
实施例29.化合物29:3-[4-环戊基-6-(三氟甲基)-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,6-哌啶
二酮
化合物29的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-三氟甲基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯代替5-氨基-4-(4-溴-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)-5-氧代戊酸酯。MS(ESI)m/z 381[M+H]+.1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.02(s,1H),7.83(m,2H),5.16(dd,J=5.2,13.2Hz,1H),4.65-4.44(m,2H),3.18-3.13(m,1H),2.96-2.88(m,1H),2.67-2.59(m,1H),2.49-2.42(m,1H),2.05-2.02(m,4H),1.89-1.82(m,1H),1.69-1.61(m,4H)。
实施例30.化合物30:3-{4-[(S)-2,2,2-三氟-1-甲基乙基]-2-异二氢吲哚酮基}-
2,6-哌啶二酮
在与本文所述化合物所用条件类似的反应条件下制备化合物30,但是在钯偶联条件下使用2-甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环无硼烷-2-基)苯甲酸甲酯和2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯,随后:使用H2和Pd/C还原;使用NBS和AIBN溴化;并且使用TEA添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮。对最终产物粗品进行手性分离得到化合物30。MS(ESI)m/z 341.1[M+H]+。
实施例31.化合物31:3-{4-[(R)-2,2,2-三氟-1-甲基乙基]-2-异二氢吲哚酮基}-
2,6-哌啶二酮
在与本文所述化合物所用条件相似的反应条件下制备化合物31,但是在钯偶联条件下使用2-甲基-3-(4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环无硼烷-2-基)苯甲酸甲酯和2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯,随后:使用H2和Pd/C还原;使用NBS和AIBN溴化;并且使用TEA添加3-氨基哌啶-2,6-二酮。对最终产物粗品进行手性分离得到化合物31。MS(ESI)m/z 341.1[M+H]+.
实施例32.化合物32:3-[6-氟-4-(四氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-2-异二氢吲哚酮基]-2,
6-哌啶二酮
化合物32的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-(3,6-二氢-2H-吡喃-4-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 347.1[M+H]+。
实施例33.化合物33:3-(4-(仲丁基)-6-氟-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)哌啶-2,6-
二酮
化合物33的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用4,4,5,5-四甲基-2-(1-甲基乙烯基)-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 319.1[M+H]+。
实施例34.化合物34:3-(6-氟-4-异丙基-1-氧代异二氢吲哚-2-基)哌啶-2,6-二
酮
化合物34的制备方法与化合物1类似,但是使用2-丁烯-2-基硼酸频哪醇酯代替2-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)-4,4,5,5-四甲基-1,3,2-二氧杂环戊硼烷。MS(ESI)m/z 305.1[M+H]+。
实施例35.生物实验
蛋白质印迹分析
将MV-4-11细胞在补充有10%胎牛血清、链霉素和青霉素的RPMI 1640培养基中生长。
以约106细胞/mL培养细胞,并且在DSMO或指定化合物中孵育6-8小时。根据制造商的方案(Pierce),使用RIPA裂解缓冲液制备全细胞提取物。简言之,将4x106细胞在PBS中洗涤一次,将细胞颗粒重新悬浮在RIPA裂解缓冲液中,并且将其在冰上孵育15分钟。通过离心去除细胞碎片,并将清理后的全细胞裂解物转移到新试管中进行进一步分析。
对于蛋白质印迹分析,全细胞蛋白提取物在4-12%的SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶上分离,转移到硝基纤维素上,并且用指示的一级抗体检测。膜随后洗涤并且用合适的IRDye第二抗体(LI-COR)检测。使用Odyssey成像系统(LI-COR)检测信号。
以下抗体用于这些研究中:抗-PDE6D抗体:圣克鲁兹生物技术,sc-166854(德克萨斯州达拉斯);抗-Ikaros:Abcam,ab191394(马塞诸塞州剑桥);抗-CK1α抗体:Abcam,ab108296(马塞诸塞州剑桥);β-肌动蛋白(8H10D10)小鼠单克隆抗体:细胞信号传导技术,#3700(马塞诸塞州丹佛市);IRDye 680RD山羊抗-兔抗体:LI-COR,926-68071(内布拉斯加州林肯市);以及IRDye 800CW山羊抗-小鼠抗体:LI-COR,926-32210(内布拉斯加州林肯市)。
细胞CK1α、PDE6D和Ikaros的降解数据见下表1。降解%值以“A”,“B”,“C”,或“D”报告。“A”表示降解%值低于25%(值<25%);“B”表示降解%值等于或大于25%并且小于50%(25%≤值<50%);“C”表示降解%值等于或大于50%并且小于75%(50%≤值<75%);和“D”表示降解%值等于或大于75%(值≥75%)。DMSO用作对照。
表1:各降解试验中在1μM下检测的化合物的活性
此外,在PDE6D降解试验中,将化合物1和22与比较化合物A在1μM下进行测试。化合物A不显示任何可检测的PDE6D降解活性,结果在下表中概述。“A”表示降解%值小于25%(值<25%),“D”表示降解%值等于或大于75%(值≥75%)。
化合物 | PDE6D的降解% |
A | A |
1 | D |
22 | D |
基于细胞的试验
冷冻的原代血单核细胞(PBMC)或冷冻的CD14+动员的外周血单核细胞购自AllCells(PB003F,Normal Peripheral Blood MNC(正常外周血单个核细胞)(加利福尼亚州阿拉米达市))。将细胞快速解冻,用RPMI-1640(10%FBS/1%青霉素-链霉素)洗涤一次,以200,000细胞/孔在96孔板中涂板。将细胞仅用DMSO或用指定化合物预处理1h,随后用100ng/mL脂多糖(LPS)诱导18-24h。根据制造商的方案,使用中尺度试验,分析上清液的IL-1β、IL-6和TNFα。阴性对照孔用DMSO处理。
对于IL-2分析,将96孔板用1μg/mL抗-人CD3抗体(OKT3,eBioscience Inc.,SanDiego,CA)预先包被。在用PBS洗涤之后,添加指定化合物(50μL/孔),然后添加稀释到3-4x106细胞/mL的PBMC(150μL/孔)。将板孵育24h,收集上清液用于中尺度IL-2分析。将IL-2活性作为与DMSO对照的倍数差来测量。
在两个不同浓度(1μM和10μM)下检测IL-1β、IL-6和TNFα的活性,结果分别在表2和3中显示。还在两个不同浓度(1μM和10μM)下检测IL-2活性,结果在表4中显示。
在表2和3中,抑制%值作为“A”,“B”,“C”,或“D”报告。“A”表示抑制%值小于10%(值<10%);“B”表示抑制%值等于或大于10%且小于25%(10%≤值<25%);“C”表示抑制%值等于或大于25%且小于50%(25%≤值<50%);且“D”表示抑制%值等于或大于50%(值≥50%)。
在表4中,倍数变化值作为“A”,“B”,“C”,或“D”报告。“A”表示倍数变化值等于或小于0.5(值≤0.5);“B”表示倍数变化值大于0.5且等于或小于1(0.5<值≤1);“C”表示倍数变化值大于1且小于1.5(1<值<1.5);且“D”表示倍数变化值等于或大于1.5(值≥1.5)。
表2.化合物在IL-1β、IL-6和TNFα抑制试验中的活性(化合物在1μM下检测)
表3.化合物在IL-1β、IL-6和TNFα抑制试验中的活性(化合物在10μM下检测)
表4.化合物在IL-2抑制试验中的活性(化合物在1和10μM下检测)
此外,化合物1和22在10μM下相对于比较化合物B在IL-2抑制试验中进行测试。化合物B诱导IL-2(上调),并且化合物1和22显示对IL-2的强抑制(下调)。结果在下表中概述。“A”表示倍数变化值等于或小于0.5(值≤0.5),“D”表示倍数变化值等于或大于1.5(值≥1.5)。
化合物 | 与DMSO相比的诱导% |
B | D |
1 | A |
22 | A |
Claims (37)
1.式(I)化合物:
或其药学上可接受的盐,其中:
X是CH2或C=O;
R1是各自任选被一个或多个RA取代的C3-C8环烷基、C4-C8环烯基或3-10元杂环基,或者是被一个或多个RA取代的C1-C6烷基;
R2、R5和R6各自独立地是氢,氘,卤素,羟基,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,任选取代的C-酰胺基,任选取代的N-酰胺基,任选取代的N-磺酰胺基,任选取代的S-磺酰胺基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,或任选取代的C4-C8环烯基;
R3是氢、氘、卤素或C1-C6烷基;
R4和R7各自独立地是氢或C1-C6烷基;
各个RA独立地是氘,羟基,卤素,氰基,硝基,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,C2-C6烯基,C2-C6炔基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,任选取代的氨基,C1-C6烷基氨基,(氨基)C1-C6烷基,-(C=O)NR12aR12b,-NR12a(C=O)(C1-C6烷基),(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C3-C8环烷基,任选取代的C4-C8环烯基,或任选取代的3-7元杂环基;或两个相偕的RA形成氧代基;
R9a和R9b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C2-C6烯基,任选取代的C2-C6炔基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的5-10元杂芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,任选取代的3-10元杂环基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R10a和R10b各自独立地是H、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、C1-C6卤代烷氧基或C3-C8碳环基;
R11a和R11b各自独立地是H,任选取代的C1-C6烷基,任选取代的C6-C10芳基,任选取代的C7-C14芳烷基,或任选取代的C3-C8碳环基;
R12a和R12b各自独立地是H或C1-C6烷基,或R12a和R12b与它们所附接的氮原子共同形成任选被一个或多个R13取代的任选取代的5或6元杂环基;以及
各个R13独立地是C1-C6烷基,C1-C6烷氧基,C1-C6卤代烷基,C1-C6卤代烷氧基,(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,-O-(C1-C6烷氧基)C1-C6烷基,任选取代的氨基,卤素,或氰基;或两个相偕的R13形成氧代基;
当R1是任选取代的3-10元杂环基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢时,则R2、R5和R6中的至少一个不是氢;且
当R1是三氟甲基,并且R3、R4、R7和R8中的每个是氢时,则R2是卤素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R1是各自任选被一个或多个RA取代的C3-C8环烷基或C4-C8环烯基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R1是环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基或二环[2.2.1]庚基,其各自任选被一个或多个RA取代。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R1是环戊烯基、环己烯基或环庚烯基,其各自任选被一个或多个RA取代。
5.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R1是取代C1-C4烷基。
6.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1是未取代的。
7.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的化合物,其中R1被一个或两个RA取代,并且其中每个RA独立地选自下组:卤素,C1-C6烷基,C1-C6卤代烷基,和任选被一个或多个卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6卤代烷基、或C1-C6卤代烷氧基取代的C3-C7环烷基,,或其组合。
9.根据权利要求7所述的化合物,其中R1是-CH2F、-CHF2、-CH2CH2F、-CH2CHF2,-CH(CH3)CF3或-CH(CH2CH3)CF3。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的化合物,其中R2是氢、氘、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C3卤代烷基。
11.根据权利要求10所述的化合物,其中R2是氢、氟代、氯代、甲基、三氟甲基或甲氧基。
12.根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的化合物,其中R3是氢、氘、氟代或甲基。
13.根据权利要求12所述的化合物,其中R3是氢、甲基或乙基。
14.根据权利要求1-13中任一项所述的化合物,其中R4是氢或甲基。
15.根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的化合物,其中R5是氢、氘、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C3卤代烷基。
16.根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的化合物,其中R6是氢、氘、卤素、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基或C1-C3卤代烷基。
17.根据权利要求16所述的化合物,其中R6是氢、氟代、氯代、甲基、三氟甲基或甲氧基。
18.根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的化合物,其中R7是氢。
20.根据权利要求19所述的化合物,其中R9a和R9b各自独立地是H或C1-C6烷基。
21.根据权利要求19所述的化合物,其中R10a、R10b、R11a和R11b各自独立地是氢或C1-C6烷基。
23.一种药物组合物,包含权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,和至少一种药学上可接受的赋形剂或载体。
24.一种在生物样品的一个或多个细胞中抑制蛋白质活性的方法,包括将权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐与所述生物样品中的所述细胞接触,其中所述蛋白质是PDE6、CK1α或ikaros,或其组合。
25.根据权利要求24所述的方法,其中所述蛋白质是突变体或野生型。
26.根据权利要求24或25所述的方法,其中所述细胞具有异常的蛋白质活性或所述蛋白质在所述细胞中过表达。
27.一种在生物样品的一个或多个细胞中调节细胞因子的活性的方法,包括将权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐与所述生物样品中的所述细胞接触。
28.根据权利要求27所述的方法,其中所述细胞因子是TNFα、IL-1β、IL-2,或IL-6,或其组合。
29.根据权利要求24-28中任一项所述的方法,其中所述细胞是选自下组的癌细胞:霍奇金淋巴瘤细胞、套细胞淋巴瘤细胞、B-细胞淋巴瘤细胞、急性淋巴母细胞性白血病(ALL)细胞、急性粒细胞性白血病(AML)细胞、慢性粒细胞性白血病(CML)细胞、慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)细胞、多发性骨髓瘤细胞、视网膜细胞癌细胞、前列腺癌细胞、卵巢癌细胞、鳞状细胞癌细胞、黑素瘤细胞、肝癌细胞、神经母细胞瘤细胞、腺癌细胞、非小细胞肺癌细胞、小细胞肺癌细胞、乳腺癌细胞、结直肠癌细胞、脑癌细胞、肾癌细胞、膀胱癌细胞、胰腺癌细胞、脂肪肉瘤细胞、胶质母细胞瘤细胞和星形细胞瘤细胞。
30.根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求23所述的药物组合物,其用于在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻癌症。
31.根据权利要求30使用的化合物,其中所述癌症选自下组:淋巴瘤、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、复发性/难治性多发性骨髓瘤、小细胞肺癌、非小细胞肺癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌、头颈癌、胰腺癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、畸胎瘤、胃癌、卵巢癌、子宫内膜癌、脑癌、视网膜母细胞瘤、视网膜细胞癌、膀胱癌、皮肤癌、鳞状细胞癌、脂肪肉瘤、睾丸癌、肝癌、食道癌、肾细胞癌、腺癌、星形胶质细胞增生和神经母细胞瘤。
32.根据权利要求31使用的化合物,其中所述癌症是淋巴瘤、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤或复发性/难治性多发性骨髓瘤。
33.根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求23所述的药物组合物,其用于在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻视网膜疾病。
34.根据权利要求33使用的化合物,其中所述视网膜疾病选自下组:色素性视网膜炎(RP)、常染色体显性先天静止性夜盲(adCSNB)、全色盲(ACHM)和纤毛类疾病。
35.根据权利要求1-22中任一项所述的化合物,或其药学上可接受的盐,或权利要求23所述的药物组合物,其用于在有需求的受试者中治疗或减轻炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病。
36.根据权利要求35使用的化合物,其中所述炎症性疾病、自身免疫疾病、变态反应性疾病或神经退行性疾病是纤维化、多发性硬化症、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、狼疮、纤维肌痛症、类风湿性关节炎、骨关节炎、强直性脊柱炎、牛皮癣、牛皮癣关节炎、炎性肠病、克罗恩病、溃疡性结肠炎、葡萄膜炎、慢性阻塞性肺病、食物过敏、哮喘、或过敏症。
37.根据权利要求30-36中任一项使用的化合物,其中所述化合物,其药学上可接受的盐,或药物组合物与第二种治疗剂共同施用给所述受试者。
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EP3880669A1 (en) | 2021-09-22 |
TW202031641A (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
CA3119343A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 |
JP2022507267A (ja) | 2022-01-18 |
US20200148663A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
IL283057A (en) | 2021-06-30 |
WO2020102195A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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AU2019381688A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
US10844039B2 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
CA3119343C (en) | 2024-01-16 |
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