CN112226260A - Natural gas purification system, natural gas purification method and application - Google Patents
Natural gas purification system, natural gas purification method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN112226260A CN112226260A CN202011197096.7A CN202011197096A CN112226260A CN 112226260 A CN112226260 A CN 112226260A CN 202011197096 A CN202011197096 A CN 202011197096A CN 112226260 A CN112226260 A CN 112226260A
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 320
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 48
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 24
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 24
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 25
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 25
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- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 5
- -1 moisture Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 4
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- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013064 chemical raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical class [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical processes, and particularly discloses a natural gas purification system, a natural gas purification method and application, wherein the natural gas purification system comprises a horizontal absorption tower and a liquid collecting tank, the horizontal absorption tower is used for inputting raw natural gas to be purified and removing impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas for outputting, and an organic liquid adsorbent is arranged in the horizontal absorption tower and at least comprises methanol; according to the invention, the raw natural gas to be purified is input into the horizontal absorption tower by adopting the organic liquid adsorbent with methanol as a main component, and impurities contained in the raw natural gas are removed at one time, so that the purified natural gas is obtained, carbon dioxide, moisture and heavy hydrocarbon do not need to be removed respectively, all impurities can be removed at one time, the problem of complicated flow of the existing raw natural gas purification process is solved, and the method has a wide market prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical processes, in particular to a natural gas purification system, a natural gas purification method and application.
Background
Natural gas is a high-quality fuel which is accumulated in underground porous rock stratum, comprises oil field gas, gas field gas, coal bed gas, mud volcanic gas, biogenetic gas and the like, and can also be used as a chemical raw material. The natural gas produced from the natural gas well is called 'wet gas' on the oil field before being refined, the 'wet gas' is directly input into a chemical plant to produce liquefied gas or other various chemical products, and the natural gas is called 'raw natural gas'.
The raw material natural gas is used as fuel or chemical raw material after being processed by a purification process. At present, the traditional raw material natural gas purification process is to remove carbon dioxide from natural gas through an absorption tower and then remove water and heavy hydrocarbon through a dehydration tower. The whole process has many links and equipment, and the matched public works are complex. For example, the absorption tower adopts amine liquid to absorb carbon dioxide, and the amine liquid needs to be heated and regenerated in the regeneration tower after absorbing the carbon dioxide; heat conduction oil is needed as a heat source in the heating process; cooling by using cooling water before the amine liquid is circulated back to the absorption tower; the decarbonized natural gas is dehydrated by adopting molecular sieve adsorption, and after the molecular sieve is saturated by adsorption, the molecular sieve is heated by high-temperature clean natural gas to release water in the molecular sieve, so that the molecular sieve can be reused. Therefore, the existing raw material natural gas purification process has the problem of complicated process, and a natural gas purification system with simplified process is urgently needed to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of an embodiment of the present invention is to provide a natural gas purification system, so as to solve the problem of complicated flow in the existing raw material natural gas purification process proposed in the above background art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized in such a way that a natural gas purification system comprises:
the horizontal absorption tower is used for inputting raw natural gas to be purified and removing impurities (acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like, particularly impurities such as carbon dioxide, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas, outputting the purified natural gas to leave the horizontal absorption tower so as to be used in a subsequent liquefaction section, and an organic liquid adsorbent is arranged in the horizontal absorption tower and used for absorbing and removing the impurities (acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) in the raw natural gas at the same time, wherein the organic liquid adsorbent at least comprises methanol;
and the liquid collecting tank is communicated with the bottom side surface of the horizontal absorption tower and is used for recovering the organic liquid adsorbent which is absorbed and removed from the raw natural gas in the horizontal absorption tower.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a natural gas purification method, using the above natural gas purification system, the natural gas purification method specifically includes the following steps:
1) inputting raw natural gas to be purified into a horizontal absorption tower, and removing impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time through an organic liquid adsorbent arranged in the horizontal absorption tower to obtain purified natural gas to be output and leave the horizontal absorption tower;
2) and recovering the organic liquid adsorbent in the horizontal absorption tower after removing impurities in the raw natural gas through a liquid collecting tank for cyclic utilization.
In another embodiment of the invention, there is also provided the use of a natural gas purification method as described above in the processing of gaseous fuel products.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the natural gas purification system provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a horizontal absorption tower and a liquid collecting tank, wherein the horizontal absorption tower is used for inputting raw natural gas to be purified and removing impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas for outputting, an organic liquid adsorbent is arranged in the horizontal absorption tower and is used for simultaneously absorbing and removing impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) in the raw natural gas, and the organic liquid adsorbent at least comprises methanol; according to the invention, the raw natural gas to be purified is input into the horizontal absorption tower by adopting the organic liquid adsorbent with methanol as a main component, and impurities contained in the raw natural gas are removed at one time, so that the purified natural gas is obtained, carbon dioxide, moisture and heavy hydrocarbon do not need to be removed respectively, all impurities can be removed at one time, the problem of complicated flow of the existing raw natural gas purification process is solved, and the method has a wide market prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a natural gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a connection relationship between a horizontal absorption tower and a sump in the natural gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a conventional raw natural gas purification flow diagram provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a vertical absorption tower; 2-a first dehydration column; 3-a second dehydration column; 4-an electric heater; 5-acid gas cooler; 6-amine liquid storage tank; 7-material regeneration tower; 8-a reboiler; 9-lean-rich liquor heat exchanger; 10-lean liquor cooler; 11-a suction pump; 100-a horizontal absorption tower; 110-an absorption impurity removal section; 120-a gas-liquid separation section; 130-adsorption fine removal section; 200-a liquid collecting tank; 300-a circulation device; 400-circulating pump; 500-cooling means.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, process steps and device structures well known in the art are omitted here.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
Specific implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a structure diagram of a natural gas purification system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
the horizontal absorption tower 100 is used for inputting raw natural gas to be purified, removing impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbon and the like, specifically impurities such as carbon dioxide, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas, outputting the purified natural gas to leave the horizontal absorption tower 100, and further using the purified natural gas in a subsequent liquefaction section, wherein an organic liquid adsorbent is arranged in the horizontal absorption tower 100 and used for simultaneously absorbing and removing the impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) in the raw natural gas, and the organic liquid adsorbent at least comprises methanol;
and the liquid collecting tank 200 is communicated with the side surface of the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower 100, and the liquid collecting tank 200 is used for recovering the organic liquid adsorbent which is absorbed and removed from the raw natural gas in the horizontal absorption tower 100.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, raw natural gas to be purified is input into the horizontal absorption tower 100, and impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbons, and the like, specifically, impurities such as carbon dioxide, water, heavy hydrocarbons, and the like) contained in the raw natural gas are removed at one time by an organic liquid adsorbent arranged in the horizontal absorption tower 100, so as to obtain purified natural gas, which is output to leave the horizontal absorption tower 100; meanwhile, the organic liquid adsorbent in the horizontal absorption tower 100 after removing impurities from the raw natural gas is recovered through the liquid collecting tank 200 for recycling.
In the embodiment of the invention, the organic liquid adsorbent with methanol as the main component is adopted, and impurities such as moisture, carbon dioxide, heavy hydrocarbon and the like in the raw material natural gas are dissolved and absorbed in the organic liquid adsorbent at low temperature (-40 to-65 ℃). During regeneration, only need strip organic liquid adsorbent with normal atmospheric temperature nitrogen gas, just can blow out impurity such as the carbon dioxide that dissolves wherein, partial moisture, and even remaining moisture, heavy hydrocarbon etc. still remain partial dissolution in the solvent, do not influence the result of use yet, need not to carry out desorption carbon dioxide, desorption moisture and heavy hydrocarbon respectively, can once only get rid of all impurity, can be used for the purification technology of natural gas liquefaction device, solved current raw materials natural gas purification technology and have had the problem that the flow is complicated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal absorption tower 100 is designed to have a special structure and perform absorption and gas-liquid separation simultaneously inside by using an organic liquid adsorbent (using methanol as a main component, i.e., using a low-temperature methanol method in the prior art to purify natural gas). Impurities such as acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like in the raw material natural gas are absorbed and removed in the horizontal absorption tower 100 at the same time, and the impurity content of the natural gas discharged out of the horizontal absorption tower 100 can meet the requirement of the liquefaction process on the limitation of the impurity content.
It should be noted that the sump 200 may be made of any available product, and the specific type is selected according to the requirement, which is not limited herein, as long as the normal industrial production effect can be achieved.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operating temperature of the organic liquid adsorbent is-40 to-65 ℃.
In the embodiment of the invention, the organic liquid adsorbent taking methanol as a main component is used for absorbing impurities, the working temperature is-40 to-65 ℃, the impurities such as acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like in the raw material natural gas can be absorbed and removed simultaneously, the process is simple, the equipment is less, and the matched public engineering system is less.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal absorption tower 100 includes an absorption impurity removal section 110, a gas-liquid separation section 120, and an adsorption fine removal section 130, which are horizontally arranged in sequence, the absorption impurity removal section 110 includes an atomizing nozzle for atomizing the organic liquid adsorbent input into the horizontal absorption tower 100 to mix with the raw natural gas input into the horizontal absorption tower 100, and the gas-liquid separation section 120 is used for separating the purified natural gas from the organic liquid adsorbent after absorbing and removing impurities in the raw natural gas.
In the embodiment of the invention, the atomizing spray head is designed according to the dissolving and absorbing principle of the organic solvent on the impurities, so that the raw material natural gas and the organic liquid adsorbent form a gas-sol mixture, and the impurities in the gas-sol mixture and the organic liquid adsorbent form tiny particles more easily.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas-liquid separation section 120 includes a coalescing filter element, and the coalescing filter element is used for absorbing and removing impurities such as acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbon and the like in the raw material natural gas by the organic liquid adsorbent, and then performing enrichment to form a liquid phase, and the liquid phase falls to the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower 100 under the action of gravity, and then is conveyed to the liquid collecting tank 200 for recovery.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the organic liquid adsorbent is atomized and then mixed with the raw natural gas input to the horizontal absorption tower 100, after mixing, gas-liquid separation is performed through the coalescing filter element of the gas-liquid separation section 120, so that small organic liquid adsorbent particles containing impurities are enriched on the surface of the coalescing filter element, a formed liquid phase slides to the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower 100, and flows into the liquid collection tank 200 through the flow guide pipe arranged at the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower 100 and used for communicating with the upper end of the liquid collection tank 200, and the separated gas phase material is purified natural gas obtained by removing impurities such as acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbons, and the like in the raw natural gas at one time.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adsorption filler formed by mixing a molecular sieve and activated carbon is disposed in the adsorption refining section 130, and the adsorption refining section 130 is used for adsorbing and intercepting a small amount of organic liquid adsorbent which is not separated by the gas-liquid separation section 120 and absorbs and removes impurities in the raw natural gas.
In the embodiment of the invention, adsorption and fine desorption are performed by an adsorption filler (the proportion of the molecular sieve and the activated carbon can refer to the prior art, and is not described herein) formed by mixing the molecular sieve and the activated carbon at the rear end, and the main purpose is to further intercept a small amount of unabsorbed water and heavy hydrocarbon molecules. Because the amount of the part is small, the filling material of the adsorption filler is not large, and the part is replaced only after reaching the adsorption saturation without heating and regeneration.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural gas purification system further includes a circulation device 300, and the circulation device 300 is configured to strip the organic liquid adsorbent recovered in the liquid collecting tank 200 after absorbing and removing the impurities in the raw natural gas to remove the impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbons, etc.), so as to convey the organic liquid adsorbent to the horizontal absorption tower 100 for circulation.
In an example of the present invention, the circulation device 300 may be an existing vertical regeneration tower, and a specific model is selected according to a requirement, and is not limited herein, and the organic liquid adsorbent recovered from the liquid collection tank 200 after absorbing and removing impurities in the raw natural gas may be stripped by the circulation device 300 to remove impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbons, etc.) so as to be conveyed to the horizontal absorption tower 100 for circulation.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a stripping gas is introduced into the circulation device 300 from bottom to top, so as to strip and remove impurities in the organic liquid adsorbent after the impurities in the raw natural gas are removed by absorption, and further obtain a clean organic liquid adsorbent, and convey the clean organic liquid adsorbent to the horizontal absorption tower 100 for circulation.
In the present example, the stripping gas is purified nitrogen, but may be other inert gases, such as argon, etc. The circulation device 300 preferably uses a vertical regeneration tower, and finally leaves the purified natural gas of the horizontal absorption tower 100, wherein impurities such as water, carbon dioxide, heavy hydrocarbon and the like can meet the requirements of a subsequent liquefaction section, while the organic liquid adsorbent containing impurities in the liquid collecting tank 200 enters the vertical regeneration tower, flows downwards from the top of the tower, contacts with clean nitrogen gas rising from the bottom of the tower on dry packing of the vertical regeneration tower, and impurities such as moisture, carbon dioxide and the like in the organic liquid adsorbent are stripped by the nitrogen gas, leave the vertical regeneration tower from the top of the vertical regeneration tower along with the nitrogen gas, and are then discharged.
Further, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an output end of the circulation device 300 is connected to a circulation pump 400, an output end of the circulation pump 400 is connected to a cooling device 500, and an output end of the cooling device 500 is communicated with the horizontal absorption tower 100 through a pipeline.
In the embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the bottom of the circulation device 300 is communicated with a circulation pump 400, the circulation pump 400 is used for pressurizing and pumping clean organic liquid adsorbent obtained by stripping and removing impurities in the organic liquid adsorbent after absorbing and removing impurities in the raw natural gas into the horizontal absorption tower 100 for circulation, and the output end of the cooling device 500 is communicated with the atomizing nozzle of the absorption and impurity removal section 110 through a pipeline, so that the organic liquid adsorbent can be recycled.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the organic liquid adsorbent containing impurities in the liquid collecting tank 200 enters the vertical regeneration tower, flows downward from the top of the vertical regeneration tower, contacts the clean nitrogen gas rising from the bottom of the vertical regeneration tower on the dry packing of the vertical regeneration tower, and the impurities such as moisture, carbon dioxide, etc. in the organic liquid adsorbent are stripped by the nitrogen gas, leave the vertical regeneration tower from the top of the vertical regeneration tower along with the nitrogen gas, and then are vented to the atmosphere, and the bottom of the vertical regeneration tower obtains the clean organic liquid adsorbent, which is pressurized by the circulating pump 400 and then is pumped into the atomizer of the absorption and impurity removal section 110 to operate in a circulating manner.
In another example of the present invention, the cooling device 500 may adopt existing products such as a cooling machine, a refrigerating machine, and the like, and the cooling device 500 adopts a refrigerant as a working medium of thermodynamic cycle, and absorbs heat of the clean organic liquid adsorbent at a low temperature through the refrigerant, and then transfers the heat to cooling water or air at a higher temperature, so as to obtain a liquid clean organic liquid adsorbent; wherein, the refrigerant can be freon (fluorine, chlorine, bromine derivative of saturated hydrocarbon), hydrocarbon (propane, ethylene, etc.), ammonia, etc., or gas refrigerant such as air, hydrogen, helium, etc., or binary solution composed of absorbent and refrigerant as working medium such as ammonia and water, lithium bromide and water, etc.; water may also be used alone as a refrigerant.
In another example of the present invention, in the natural gas purification system, valves are respectively installed on all pipelines, and flexible opening and closing operations of each equipment can be realized through the operation of the valves, so that an actual operation route of the pipeline can be selected as required.
Further, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a natural gas purification method, which includes the following steps:
1) inputting raw natural gas to be purified into a horizontal absorption tower 100, removing impurities (acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like, specifically impurities such as carbon dioxide, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like) contained in the raw natural gas at one time through an organic liquid adsorbent arranged in the horizontal absorption tower 100, and outputting the purified natural gas to leave the horizontal absorption tower 100;
2) the organic liquid adsorbent in the horizontal absorption tower 100 after removing impurities from the raw natural gas is recovered through the liquid collecting tank 200 for recycling.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the natural gas purification method, the operating temperature of the organic liquid adsorbent is-40 to-65 ℃.
An embodiment of the invention also provides an application of the natural gas purification method in the processing of gas fuel products, wherein the gas fuel is divided into conventional natural gas and unconventional natural gas (mainly comprising coal bed gas, shale gas, combustible ice, oilfield associated gas and tight sandstone gas).
As shown in fig. 3, a conventional raw natural gas purification flow chart is shown, and further, the conventional raw natural gas purification flow chart is compared with the natural gas purification method of the present invention, and the conventional raw natural gas purification flow chart is that natural gas is firstly subjected to carbon dioxide removal through an absorption tower, and then is subjected to moisture and heavy hydrocarbon removal through a dehydration tower. The whole process has many links and equipment, and the matched public works are complex. Wherein, the equipment that adopts includes: a vertical absorption tower 1, a first dehydration tower 2, a second dehydration tower 3, an electric heater 4, an acid gas cooler 5, an amine liquid storage tank 6, a material regeneration tower 7, a reboiler 8, a lean rich solution heat exchanger 9, a lean solution cooler 10 and an extraction pump 11, the upper end and the lower end of the side surface of the vertical absorption tower 1 are respectively connected with a clean absorbent (adopting amine liquid) and raw material natural gas, the vertical absorption tower 1 adopts amine liquid to absorb carbon dioxide, and the amine liquid needs to be heated and regenerated in the material regeneration tower 7 after absorbing the carbon dioxide, the upper end of the vertical absorption tower 1 is connected with the first dehydration tower 2 and the second dehydration tower 3 respectively, the lower end of the vertical absorption tower 1 is connected with the lean and rich liquid heat exchanger 9, the materials after absorbing carbon dioxide by adopting amine liquid are dehydrated through the first dehydration tower 2 and the second dehydration tower 3, the first dehydration tower 2 and the second dehydration tower 3 are internally provided with molecular sieves, and the natural gas after decarburization is dehydrated by adopting the molecular sieves for adsorption. The amine liquid absorbs carbon dioxide and then flows into a lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 9, two ends of the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 9 are respectively connected with a lean liquid cooler 10 and a material regeneration tower 7, the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 9 is cooled by cooling water and then is pumped back to the vertical absorption tower 1 through an extraction pump 11 for cyclic utilization, and the process is complex.
Moreover, the lean-rich liquid heat exchanger 9 needs heat conducting oil as a heat source in the heating process; the upper ends of the first dehydration tower 2 and the second dehydration tower 3 are connected through a pipeline with a valve, the output regeneration gas can be used as fuel, the lower ends of the first dehydration tower 2 and the second dehydration tower 3 are respectively connected with an electric heater 4 through a pipeline with a valve, the electric heater 4 is used for heating, and then the purified natural gas can be obtained for output.
Wherein, 7 upper ends of material regenerator are connected with sour gas cooler 5, 5 lower extremes of sour gas cooler are provided with amine liquid storage tank 6, and sour gas cooler 5 cools off through cooling water, still is provided with exhaust emission simultaneously, 7 lower parts of material regenerator are provided with reboiler 8, and reboiler 8 carries out material circulation through pipeline and material regenerator 7, and reboiler 8 needs the conduction oil to be the heat source at the heating process, and the natural gas dehydration after the decarbonization adopts molecular sieve to adsorb, and molecular sieve adsorbs the saturation back, needs to heat the molecular sieve with the clean natural gas of high temperature, makes moisture wherein release, and the molecular sieve just can reuse. Therefore, the existing raw material natural gas purification process has the problem of complicated process, and a natural gas purification system with simplified process is urgently needed to be designed.
The natural gas purification method provided by the invention adopts an organic liquid adsorbent with methanol as a main component, and the impurities such as moisture, carbon dioxide, heavy hydrocarbon and the like in the raw material natural gas are dissolved and absorbed in the solvent at low temperature (-40 to-65 ℃). During regeneration, impurities such as carbon dioxide and partial water content dissolved in the solvent can be blown out only by stripping the solvent with normal-temperature nitrogen. The residual moisture, heavy hydrocarbon and the like are not influenced in use effect even if partially dissolved in the solvent. After the solvent is used for a period of time, whether the solvent is replaced or not is determined according to the effective concentration condition of the solvent, and the solvent can be used for about half a year generally.
The present invention can simplify the process except that an organic liquid adsorbent containing methanol as a main component is used to adsorb impurities. The horizontal absorber 100 is also designed for absorption critical equipment. In the traditional process, decarbonization and dehydration are respectively carried out in different devices. The invention innovates the tower body structure of the horizontal absorption tower 100, the horizontal absorption tower 100 comprises an absorption impurity removal section 110, a gas-liquid separation section 120 and an adsorption fine removal section 130 which are sequentially and horizontally arranged, and the absorption, the gas-liquid separation and the adsorption fine removal are integrated. According to the principle that the organic solvent dissolves and absorbs impurities, the atomizing nozzle is designed, so that the raw material natural gas and the organic liquid adsorbent form an aerosol mixture, and the impurities in the aerosol mixture and the solvent form tiny particles more easily. The middle section is provided with the coalescence filter element, so that tiny aerosol particles are gathered and grown to form a liquid phase, and then the liquid phase is easily separated from the natural gas by gas-liquid phase. The main purpose of the back-end adsorption fine-removal section 130 is to further intercept a small amount of unabsorbed water and heavy hydrocarbon molecules, and because the amount of the unabsorbed water and heavy hydrocarbon molecules is small, the amount of the filler is small, and the filler is not required to be heated and regenerated, and only needs to be replaced after reaching adsorption saturation.
The above embodiment of the present invention provides a natural gas purification system, including a horizontal absorption tower 100 and a liquid collecting tank 200, where the horizontal absorption tower 100 is configured to input raw natural gas to be purified, and remove impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas for output, an organic liquid adsorbent is disposed in the horizontal absorption tower 100, and is configured to simultaneously absorb and remove impurities (acid gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbons, and the like) in the raw natural gas, and the organic liquid adsorbent at least includes methanol; the liquid collecting tank 200 is communicated with the side surface of the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower 100, and the liquid collecting tank 200 is used for recovering the organic liquid adsorbent which is absorbed and removed from the raw natural gas in the horizontal absorption tower 100; and based on this natural gas clean system provides natural gas purification method, through adopting the organic liquid adsorbent of methyl alcohol as the essential element, the raw materials natural gas that will wait to edulcorate inputs horizontal absorption tower 100 and once only gets rid of the impurity (sour gas, moisture, heavy hydrocarbon etc. specifically carbon dioxide, water, impurity such as heavy hydrocarbon) that contains in the raw materials natural gas, in order to obtain the natural gas after the purification to export and leave horizontal absorption tower 100, need not to carry out desorption carbon dioxide respectively, desorption moisture and heavy hydrocarbon, can once only get rid of all impurity, can be used for the purification process of natural gas liquefaction device, the problem that current raw materials natural gas purification process exists the flow complicacy has been solved.
It should be noted that most of the existing natural gas purification methods are divided into a plurality of independent links such as deacidification, dehydration, heavy hydrocarbon removal and the like. Wherein, the deacidification adopts an amine liquid adsorption method, and the amine liquid regeneration needs heating. The dehydration adopts a molecular sieve adsorption method, and the molecular sieve regeneration needs heating. The heavy hydrocarbon removal is carried out by adopting activated carbon adsorption, and the regeneration process also needs heating. The cooling of the above heating process requires circulating water. Therefore, the existing natural gas purification process has long flow, more equipment and fussy control, and a matched public engineering system is complex. The natural gas purification process disclosed by the invention does not comprise sequential steps, can simultaneously remove impurities such as acid gas, water, heavy hydrocarbon and the like, reduces the subject volume, is easier to transport and install on site, greatly reduces the construction cost and the operation cost, and is more suitable for treating and recovering various unconventional natural gases. The method has the advantages of simple flow, less equipment and less matched public engineering systems, so that the theme is easier to produce and install in a factory by adopting a skid-mounted mode and easier to transport, and the natural gas is distributed to a gas well or an offshore platform in a remote geographical position to recover the natural gas.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A natural gas purification system, comprising:
the horizontal absorption tower is used for inputting raw natural gas to be purified and removing impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time to obtain purified natural gas, an organic liquid adsorbent is arranged in the horizontal absorption tower and used for absorbing and removing the impurities in the raw natural gas at the same time, and the organic liquid adsorbent at least comprises methanol;
and the liquid collecting tank is communicated with the bottom side surface of the horizontal absorption tower and is used for recovering the organic liquid adsorbent which is absorbed and removed from the raw natural gas in the horizontal absorption tower.
2. The natural gas purification system of claim 1, wherein the operating temperature of the organic liquid adsorbent is from-40 to-65 ℃.
3. The natural gas purification system according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal absorption tower comprises an absorption impurity removal section, a gas-liquid separation section and an absorption fine removal section which are horizontally arranged in sequence, the absorption impurity removal section comprises an atomization nozzle for atomizing the organic liquid adsorbent input into the horizontal absorption tower to be mixed with the raw natural gas input into the horizontal absorption tower, and the gas-liquid separation section is used for separating the purified natural gas from the organic liquid adsorbent after absorbing and removing impurities in the raw natural gas.
4. The natural gas purification system of claim 3, wherein the gas-liquid separation section comprises a coalescing filter element, and the coalescing filter element is used for enriching the organic liquid adsorbent after absorbing and removing acid gas, water and heavy hydrocarbon in the raw natural gas to form a liquid phase, and the liquid phase falls to the bottom of the horizontal absorption tower under the action of gravity and then is conveyed to a liquid collecting tank for recovery.
5. The natural gas purification system according to claim 3, wherein an adsorption filler formed by mixing a molecular sieve and activated carbon is arranged in the adsorption fine removal section, and the adsorption fine removal section is used for adsorbing and intercepting the organic liquid adsorbent which is not separated by the gas-liquid separation section and absorbs and removes impurities in the raw natural gas.
6. The natural gas purification system according to claim 1, further comprising a circulation device for stripping the organic liquid adsorbent recovered in the liquid collecting tank to remove impurities, and conveying the organic liquid adsorbent to the horizontal absorption tower for circulation.
7. The natural gas purification system according to claim 6, wherein a stripping gas is introduced into the circulation device, and the stripping gas is conveyed from bottom to top, so that impurities in the organic liquid adsorbent, which is subjected to adsorption and removal of the impurities in the raw natural gas, are stripped and removed, and then the organic liquid adsorbent is conveyed to the horizontal absorption tower for circulation.
8. The natural gas purification system of claim 6, wherein the output end of the circulating device is connected with a circulating pump, the output end of the circulating pump is connected with a cooling device, and the output end of the cooling device is communicated with the horizontal absorption tower through a pipeline.
9. A natural gas purification method, characterized by using the natural gas purification system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and specifically comprising the steps of:
1) inputting raw natural gas to be purified into a horizontal absorption tower, and removing impurities contained in the raw natural gas at one time through an organic liquid adsorbent arranged in the horizontal absorption tower to obtain purified natural gas to be output and leave the horizontal absorption tower;
2) and recovering the organic liquid adsorbent in the horizontal absorption tower after removing impurities in the raw natural gas through a liquid collecting tank for cyclic utilization.
10. Use of a method of purifying natural gas as claimed in claim 9 in the processing of gaseous fuel products.
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