Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to improve the safety of the lithium battery, the invention provides a preparation method of solid electrolyte slurry, which comprises the following steps: preparing a composite organic solvent; preparing solid electrolyte slurry, namely adding inorganic solid electrolyte powder, organic silicon surfactant and binder into a composite organic solvent together and stirring.
Wherein the composite organic solvent is a composition of acetone, NMP and DMAc; and the weight ratio of acetone, NMP and DMAc is 1:2: 3.
Alternatively, the silicone surfactant may be, but is not limited to, polydimethylsiloxane.
Specifically, the addition of the organic silicon surfactant increases organic functional groups on the surface of the solid electrolyte, and improves the dissolution efficiency of the solid electrolyte in the composite organic solvent.
Wherein the solid electrolyte is LiT2(PO4)3Wherein T is Ti, Cr, Zr; the LiT2(PO4)3The particle size distribution D50 is 0.1 to 5.0 μm.
Alternatively, the particle size distribution D50 of the LATP may be, but is not limited to, 0.3 μm, 0.8 μm, 1.9 μm, 2.7 μm, 3.8 μm, 4.6 μm, and preferably may be 0.5 μm, 0.9 μm, 1.4 μm, 1.7 μm, 2.0 μm.
Alternatively, the binder may be, but is not limited to, a PVDF binder.
Optionally, the solid electrolyte slurry comprises the following components in parts by mass: 1 part of inorganic solid electrolyte; 0.05-0.15 part of organic silicon surfactant; 0.02-0.05 part of binder; 1.0-8.0 parts of a composite organic solvent.
Optionally, the silicone surfactant may be, but is not limited to, 0.05 parts, 0.08 parts, 0.10 parts, 0.15 parts; the binder may be, but is not limited to, 0.02 parts, 0.03 parts, 0.04 parts, 0.05 parts; the composite organic solvent may be, but not limited to, 1.0 part, 3.0 parts, 5.0 parts, 6.8 parts, 8.0 parts.
Further, the invention also provides solid electrolyte slurry which comprises the following raw materials: inorganic solid electrolyte, organic silicon surfactant, binder and organic solvent; wherein the inorganic solid electrolyte is LATP, i.e. LIT2(PO4)3Wherein T is Ti, Cr, Zr.
According to the preparation method of the solid electrolyte slurry, the organic silicon surfactant is used for erecting a bridge with compatible interface between the solid electrolyte and the composite organic solvent, so that the efficiency of dissolving the solid electrolyte in the organic solvent and the binding force between the solid electrolyte and the porous isolating membrane are improved; and simultaneously, the acetone, NMP and DMAc are combined into the composite organic solvent, so that the dissolving efficiency of the solid electrolyte is improved, the solvent residual rate after the prepared solid electrolyte slurry is coated on the porous isolating membrane is reduced, and the safety of the lithium battery is further improved.
Further, in order to improve the safety of the lithium battery and reduce the use of organic electrolyte, the invention also provides a preparation method of the solid electrolyte diaphragm, which comprises the following steps: slurry coating, coating the solid electrolyte slurry as described above onto a porous separator; and (5) drying and rolling, namely drying the porous isolating membrane coated with the solid electrolyte slurry and then rolling.
Optionally, the porous isolating membrane can be but is not limited to PP, PE, PET and composite membranes thereof; the pore size distribution D50 of the porous isolating membrane is 20-80 nm, and can be but is not limited to 26nm, 42nm, 58nm, 71nm and 80 nm.
Alternatively, the coating mode can be, but is not limited to, gravure coating, wire bar coating; the slurry coating comprises single-sided coating and double-sided coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.2-20 μm, wherein the thickness of the coating can be but is not limited to 0.3 μm, 0.7 μm, 1.3 μm, 3.5 μm, 8 μm, 13 μm and 19 μm.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention also provides a solid electrolyte membrane comprising: a porous separator 1 coated on one or both sides with the solid electrolyte slurry 2 as described above; the thickness of the solid electrolyte membrane is 1-50 μm; the porosity of the solid electrolyte membrane is 25-90%.
Alternatively, the thickness of the solid electrolyte separator may be, but not limited to, 1 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 12 μm, 18 μm, 30 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm; the porosity of the solid electrolyte membrane may be, but is not limited to, 25%, 32%, 40%, 48%, 55%, 68%, 77%, 85%, 90%.
According to the solid electrolyte diaphragm and the preparation method thereof, the solid electrolyte slurry is coated on one side or two sides of the porous isolating membrane, so that the binding force between the solid electrolyte and the porous isolating membrane is increased under the action of the organic silicon surfactant, and the powder falling phenomenon after the solid electrolyte is coated is avoided; the use of the composite organic solvent ensures that the prepared solid electrolyte diaphragm has lower organic solvent residual rate after being dried, and further improves the safety of the lithium battery prepared by using the diaphragm.
Further, the present invention also provides a lithium battery, including: a diaphragm; the separator is suitably a solid electrolyte separator as described above.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of composite organic solvent
0.5kg of acetone, 1.0kg of NMP and 1.5kg of DMAc are mixed and stirred uniformly to prepare the composite organic solvent.
(2) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
3kg of LiTi2(PO4)3Adding the powder, 0.15kg of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.06kg of PVDF into the composite organic solvent, and mechanically stirring for 300min to uniformly disperse the mixture to obtain the solid electrolyte slurry.
(3) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (2) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 9 mu m in a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 3 mu m.
(4) Drying and winding
And (4) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (3) and then rolling.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of composite organic solvent
4.0kg of acetone, 8.0kg of NMP and 12.0kg of DMAc are mixed and stirred uniformly to prepare the composite organic solvent.
(2) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
3kg of LiCr2(PO4)3Powder, 0.45kg of polydimethylsiloxane, 0.10kg of PVDF andand (3) mixing the organic solvent, mechanically stirring for 300min to uniformly disperse the organic solvent to obtain solid electrolyte slurry.
(3) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (2) on the upper surface and the lower surface of the PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 0.6 mu m in a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 0.2 mu m.
(4) Drying and winding
And (4) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (3) and then rolling.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of composite organic solvent
3.0kg of acetone, 6.0kg of NMP and 9.0kg of DMAc are mixed and stirred uniformly to prepare the composite organic solvent.
(2) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
30kg of LiZr2(PO4)3Adding the powder, 0.25kg of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.15kg of PVDF into the composite organic solvent, and mechanically stirring for 300min to uniformly disperse the mixture to obtain the solid electrolyte slurry.
(3) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (2) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 10 micrometers by adopting a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 20 micrometers.
(4) Drying and winding
And (4) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (3) and then rolling.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
3kg of LiTi2(PO4)3The powder, 0.15kg of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.06kg of PVDF are added into 3kg of acetone and mechanically stirred for 300min to be uniformly dispersed, so that solid electrolyte slurry is prepared.
(2) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (1) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 9 mu m in a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 3 mu m.
(3) Drying and winding
And (3) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (2) and then rolling.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
3kg of LiCr2(PO4)3The powder, 0.45kg of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.10kg of PVDF were added to 3kg of NMP, and the mixture was mechanically stirred for 300min to disperse the mixture uniformly, thereby obtaining a solid electrolyte slurry.
(2) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (1) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 0.6 mu m in a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 0.2 mu m.
(3) Drying and winding
And (3) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (2) and then rolling.
Comparative example 3
(1) Preparation of solid electrolyte slurry
30kg of LiZr2(PO4)3The powder, 0.25kg of polydimethylsiloxane and 0.15kg of PVDF were added to 3kg of DMAc, and the mixture was mechanically stirred for 300min to be uniformly dispersed, thereby obtaining a solid electrolyte slurry.
(2) Slurry coating
And (3) coating the solid electrolyte slurry prepared in the step (1) on the upper surface and the lower surface of a PE porous isolating membrane with the thickness of 10 micrometers by adopting a gravure coating mode, wherein the coating thickness of each surface is 20 micrometers.
(3) Drying and winding
And (3) drying the porous isolating membrane in the step (2) and then rolling.
The solid electrolyte separators prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to the relevant performance tests in this section, and the results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 summary of performance test results for solid electrolyte separators
Wherein the Gurley values in Table 1 are measured as specified in JIS P8117.
It can be seen from the data in table 1 that after the solid electrolyte slurry prepared by using the mixed organic solvent of the present invention is coated on the surface of the porous isolating membrane, the prepared solid electrolyte membrane has good air permeability and low organic solvent residue rate, and the solid electrolyte membrane is used for preparing a lithium battery, thereby improving the safety of the lithium battery.
In conclusion, the composite organic solvent is used as the solvent for preparing the solid electrolyte slurry, so that the problems of difficult dissolution and low volatility in the case of using a single organic solvent are solved, the organic solvent residue after the slurry is coated on the porous isolating membrane is reduced, the addition of water is avoided, and the safety of the lithium battery prepared by using the diaphragm is further improved; the solid electrolyte slurry provided by the invention adopts the organic silicon surfactant, so that the surface of the solid electrolyte is organized, and the dissolving efficiency of the solid electrolyte in the composite organic solvent is improved; meanwhile, the binding force of the solid electrolyte, the porous isolating membrane and the electrode material of the lithium battery is increased; the solid electrolyte slurry is coated on the porous isolating membrane to prepare the lithium battery diaphragm, so that the diaphragm and the high-conductivity solid electrolyte form an integrated membrane, the brittleness problem of the solid electrolyte when used independently is avoided, and the lithium battery is convenient to assemble in the process of preparing the lithium battery; the diaphragm is used for preparing the lithium battery, and due to the strong binding force between the solid electrolyte slurry and the porous isolating membrane, the gap between the solid electrolyte and the porous isolating membrane is reduced, the internal resistance of the lithium battery is reduced, the generation of the heating phenomenon of the lithium battery is reduced, and potential safety hazards such as fire and the like are avoided.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the term "connected" is to be understood broadly, e.g. it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the apparatus is only a logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice. In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.