CN112018522B - Antenna and feed assembly - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna and feed subassembly, wherein, the antenna includes: the antenna comprises an antenna housing, a first antenna surrounding edge, a second antenna surrounding edge, a main reflecting surface and a feed source assembly; the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication; the antenna housing is arranged at the top end of the first antenna surrounding edge, the first antenna surrounding edge is connected with the second antenna surrounding edge, the second antenna surrounding edge is connected with the main reflecting surface, and the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface is provided with the feed source assembly in a penetrating mode; the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical surfaces and have the same caliber; the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees. Because first antenna surrounding edge and second antenna surrounding edge are detachable independent part, through increasing or demolising first antenna surrounding edge, can realize the microwave antenna of different anti-interference levels, reduced the cost of changing the antenna.

Description

Antenna and Feed Components

technical field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of communication, and in particular, to an antenna and a feed source assembly.

Background technique

The microwave antenna is an extremely important component in the communication system, and its main function is to radiate electromagnetic signals to space or receive electromagnetic signals from space.

A microwave antenna can use some indicators to characterize its ability to radiate or receive electromagnetic signals. Among them, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) defines some classes (Class) according to the radiation pattern of the antenna. The defined parameters include front-to-back ratio, side lobe and envelope diagram, etc., which are used to describe the interference of microwave antennas. signal suppression. At present, the mainstream point-to-point microwave antennas on the market usually belong to Class 3 (C3) level.

However, with the advent of the 5G era, microwave antennas need to be densely deployed to increase communication capacity. Because the C3 microwave antenna has weak anti-interference ability, it cannot meet the requirements of the system anti-interference ability in densely deployed scenarios. Therefore, microwave antennas with stronger anti-interference ability, such as Class 4 (C4) microwave antennas, are required. One solution may be to remove the deployed C3 microwave antenna and reinstall a brand new C4 microwave antenna. However, this results in very high antenna replacement costs.

Contents of the invention

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feed source assembly, which reduces the cost of replacing the antenna.

In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna surround, a second antenna surround, a main reflector and a feed component; wherein the main reflector is suitable for at least Two communication frequency bands; the radome is set on the top of the first antenna surround, the bottom of the first antenna surround is connected to the top of the second antenna surround, and the bottom of the second antenna surround is connected to the top of the main reflector , the center of the bottom of the main reflector is provided with a feed component; the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are both cylindrical and have the same caliber; the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees; the suppression angle is the feed component The angle between the line defined by the phase center point of , and any point on the top edge of the first antenna enclosure and the central axis of the feed source assembly.

With the antenna provided in the first aspect, the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are detachable independent parts. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna surround and changing the effective height of the antenna surround, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be realized, thereby reducing the need for replacement. The cost of the antenna. Moreover, the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna surround, the second antenna surround, the main reflector and the feed assembly are all applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, which improves the versatility of the antenna .

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the suppression angle is less than or equal to the first preset angle and greater than or equal to the second preset angle; the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to equal to 40 degrees, the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.

The antenna provided by this possible implementation mode reduces the height of the perimeter of the antenna on the basis of realizing the Class 4 requirement defined by ETSI, thereby reducing the cost of the antenna.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the bottom end of the first antenna surround is embedded in the top end of the second antenna surround.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the height of the second antenna surround is less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the diameter of the first antenna surround or the second antenna surround is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, and the top end of the first antenna surround and The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna surround is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the diameter of the first antenna surround or the second antenna surround is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna surround and The distance between the bottom ends of the second antenna surround is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, both the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome are planes.

Through the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, when the antenna is applied to at least two different frequency bands of microwave communication, the versatility of the size of the radome can be ensured, and the versatility of the antenna can be improved.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the thickness of the radome is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflective surface is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18, and the offset of the main reflective surface is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm; wherein, the focal diameter ratio is the ratio of the aperture at the top edge of the main reflective surface to the focal length of the main reflective surface, and the offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral shift of the focal point of the main reflective surface.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a wave-absorbing layer is disposed on an inner wall of the first antenna surround and/or the second antenna surround.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, the signal receiving performance of the antenna is further improved by setting a wave-absorbing layer.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the feed source assembly includes a sub-reflector, a dielectric radiation head, a circular waveguide, and a feed base; one end of the circular waveguide is inserted into the feed base, One end of the dielectric radiating head is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiating head is connected to the sub-reflecting surface; the sub-reflecting surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; wherein, The calibers of the joints of two adjacent frustum-shaped sides are the same.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, the shaped secondary reflection surface with gradually enlarged openings can guide electromagnetic waves to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, thereby improving the radiation effect.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the bottom surface is a circular plane.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, by setting the bottom surface of the sub-reflecting surface as a plane, processing difficulty can be reduced and electroplating precision can be improved.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the connection between two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the other end of the dielectric radiation head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflection surface.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, the other end of the dielectric radiation head has an end face matching the shape of the secondary reflection surface, which improves the stability of the connection between the secondary reflection surface and the dielectric radiation head.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the dielectric radiation head includes an outer dielectric radiation head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiation head located inside the circular waveguide; the outer dielectric radiation head The side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the medium radiation head to one end of the medium radiation head.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, the diameter of the stepped shape used by the external medium radiation head gradually decreases and then gradually increases, so that the radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide on the side of the external medium radiation head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide.

With the antenna provided in this possible implementation manner, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide on the side of the external medium radiation head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide, which further fixes and seals the circular waveguide.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the side surface of the external medium radiation head includes a number of cylindrical surfaces greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.

In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a feed source assembly, including: a secondary reflector, a dielectric radiation head, a circular waveguide, and a feed source base; one end of the circular waveguide is inserted in the feed source base, and the dielectric radiation head One end is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiation head is connected to the sub-reflector; the sub-reflector includes a circular bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped sides with gradually increasing sizes; wherein, the relative The calibers at the joints of the adjacent two frustum-shaped sides are the same.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the bottom surface is a circular plane.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the connection between two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by chamfering.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the other end of the dielectric radiation head has an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflection surface.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the dielectric radiation head includes an outer dielectric radiation head located outside the circular waveguide and an inner dielectric radiation head located inside the circular waveguide; the outer dielectric radiation head The side surface includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in a direction from the other end of the medium radiation head to one end of the medium radiation head.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide on the side of the external medium radiation head is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the side surface of the external medium radiation head includes a number of cylindrical surfaces greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna and a feed source assembly. Wherein, the antenna includes: a radome, a first antenna surround, a second antenna surround, a main reflection surface and a feed source assembly. Wherein, the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. The radome is arranged on the top of the first antenna surround, the bottom of the first antenna surround is connected with the top of the second antenna surround, the bottom of the second antenna surround is connected with the top of the main reflection surface, and the bottom of the main reflection surface A feed source component is arranged through the center of the bottom. Both the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are cylindrical and have the same caliber. The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. The suppression angle is the angle between a straight line defined by the phase center point of the feed source assembly and any point on the top edge of the first antenna surround and the central axis of the feed source assembly. The antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. Wherein, the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are detachable independent parts. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna surround and changing the effective height of the antenna surround, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be realized, thereby reducing the need for replacement. The cost of the antenna is reduced, and the smooth upgrade of antennas of different grades is realized.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structural change of the antenna during the process of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application to the C4 microwave antenna;

Fig. 4 is the envelope diagram of the C3 microwave antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 5 is the envelope diagram of the C3 microwave antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of area A in FIG. 6 .

Detailed ways

The antenna and feed source components provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to microwave communications. In the following, the antenna and feed source assembly provided by the present application will be described through specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 1 , the antenna provided in this embodiment may include: a radome 11 , a first antenna surround 12 , a second antenna surround 13 , a main reflector 14 and a feed source assembly 15 .

Wherein, the main reflecting surface 14 is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.

The radome 11 is arranged on the top of the first antenna surround 12, the bottom of the first antenna surround 12 is connected with the top of the second antenna surround 13, and the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 is connected with the top of the main reflector 14 connected, the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface 14 is provided with a feed source assembly 15 through. Both the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 are cylindrical and have the same diameter.

The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. The suppression angle is the angle between a straight line defined by the phase center point of the feed source assembly 15 and any point on the top edge of the first antenna surround 12 and the central axis of the feed source assembly 15 .

The antenna provided in this embodiment is a feed-back antenna. The feed-back antenna, also known as the Cassegrain antenna, is a commonly used antenna in microwave communication.

In this embodiment, the antenna may include a radome 11 , a first antenna surround 12 , a second antenna surround 13 and a main reflection surface 14 , and a feed component 15 is provided through the center of the bottom of the main reflection surface 14 . Wherein, the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 are two independent components, both of which are cylindrical and have the same diameter. The first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 can be connected together to form the antenna surround, or they can be separated and not connected together. In this embodiment, the radome 11 , the first antenna surround 12 , the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflection surface 14 with the same aperture can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "at least two" means two or more than two. This embodiment does not limit the specific number of communication frequency bands and the frequency range of each communication frequency band. For example, there are two communication frequency bands, and the ranges of the frequency bands are 6-42 GHz and 71-86 GHz respectively. For another example, the microwave communication generally covers a frequency range of 6-86 GHz, and the at least two communication frequency bands may be any at least two frequency bands in the range of 6-86 GHz.

The antenna provided in this embodiment may actually have the following two structures in different application scenarios.

In the first application scenario, the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 are connected together to form the antenna surround. At this time, the antenna includes: a radome 11 , a first antenna surround 12 , a second antenna surround 13 , a main reflection surface 14 and a feed source assembly 15 . The radome 11 is arranged on the top of the first antenna surround 12 , the first antenna surround 12 is connected to the second antenna surround 13 , and the second antenna surround 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14 .

In this scenario, the top of the antenna surround is the top of the first antenna surround 12 , and the bottom of the antenna surround is the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 . The effective height of the antenna enclosure is the distance from the top of the first antenna enclosure 12 to the bottom of the second antenna enclosure 13 after the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected. Wherein, the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle.

Exemplarily, the suppression angle of the antenna may refer to the angle θ in FIG. 2 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the suppression angle of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present application.

In FIG. 2 , point O represents the phase center point of the feed source assembly 15 . A straight line defined by point O and any point on the top edge of the perimeter of the antenna may be called a1. The central axis of the feed assembly 15 may be referred to as a2. With point O as the vertex, the angle between a1 and a2 can be called the suppression angle of the antenna, expressed as θ. The suppression angle θ of the antenna can be determined by the following formula.

Wherein, h represents the effective height of the perimeter of the antenna, f represents the focal length of the main reflection surface 14, D represents the aperture of the perimeter of the antenna or the aperture of the top edge of the main reflection surface 14, f _D represents the focal diameter of the main reflection surface 14 Compare.

It can be seen that the values of f, h, D, and f _D are different, and the suppression angle θ of the antenna can be different. Generally, the larger the focal-diameter ratio of the main reflector 14, the larger the height of the perimeter of the antenna, then the smaller the suppression angle of the antenna, the stronger the ability of the antenna to suppress the level value of the far zone of the pattern, and the anti-interference of the antenna The stronger the ability. However, the greater the height of the perimeter of the antenna, the higher the manufacturing cost of the antenna will be. Based on the anti-interference capability and manufacturing cost of the antenna, the above parameters can take different values. Optionally, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflective surface 14 is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18. For example, when D=360mm, f=57.6mm, h=170mm, f _D =0.16, θ=36°.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a specific value of the first preset angle is not limited.

Optionally, in order to implement the Class 4 requirement defined by ETSI, the first preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees. For example, when the first preset angle is 36 degrees, the suppression angle of the antenna may be less than or equal to 36 degrees.

Optionally, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to a second preset angle, and the second preset angle is smaller than the first preset angle.

Specifically, the higher the height of the perimeter of the antenna, the greater the cost of the antenna. In order to reduce the cost of the antenna on the basis of realizing the Class4 requirement defined by ETSI, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to the second preset angle.

This embodiment does not limit the specific value of the second preset angle. Optionally, the second preset angle may be greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees. For example, when the first preset angle is 36 degrees and the second preset angle is 31 degrees, the suppression angle of the antenna may be greater than or equal to 31 degrees and less than or equal to 36 degrees.

In the second application scenario, the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 are not connected. At this time, the antenna includes: a radome 11 , a second antenna surround 13 , a main reflection surface 14 and a feed source assembly 15 . The radome 11 is arranged on the top of the second antenna surround 13 , and the second antenna surround 13 is connected to the main reflection surface 14 .

In this scenario, the top of the antenna surround is the top of the second antenna surround 13 , and the bottom of the antenna surround is the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 . The effective height of the antenna surround is the height of the second antenna surround 13 .

The difference between the above two antenna structures is whether or not the first antenna surround 12 is included, and the same point is that the dimensions of the radome 11 , the second antenna surround 13 , the main reflector 14 and the feed source assembly 15 are the same. Compared with the second application scenario, in the first application scenario, the antenna includes a first antenna surround 12, the effective height of the antenna surround is higher, the suppression angle of the antenna is smaller, and the anti-interference ability of the antenna is stronger . For example, the antenna in the second application scenario may implement a C3 microwave antenna defined by ETSI, and the antenna in the first application scenario may implement a C4 microwave antenna defined by ETSI.

It can be seen that the antenna provided in this embodiment can be applied to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. Wherein, the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are detachable independent parts. When implementing microwave antennas with different interference levels, there is no need to replace the entire antenna. Only by adding or removing the first antenna surround and changing the effective height of the antenna surround, microwave antennas with different anti-interference levels can be realized, thereby reducing the need for replacement. The cost of the antenna is reduced, and the smooth upgrade of antennas of different grades is realized. Moreover, the antenna provided in this embodiment, the radome, the first antenna surround, the second antenna surround, the main reflector and the feed assembly are all suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication, and the specifications are unified, which is convenient for antenna installation. Production, installation and maintenance, improving the versatility of the antenna.

Next, in combination with Figure 3, taking the antenna structure of the above-mentioned second application scenario to realize the C3 microwave antenna, and the antenna structure of the above-mentioned first application scenario to realize the C4 microwave antenna as an example, the operation of upgrading the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna The process is illustrated as an example.

As shown in FIG. 3( a ), the C3 microwave antenna may include a radome 11 , a second antenna surround 13 , a main reflector and a feed source assembly. When it is necessary to replace the C3 microwave antenna with the C4 microwave antenna, as shown in FIG. 3( b ), firstly, the radome 11 is disassembled. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3( c ), the first antenna surround 12 having the same diameter as the second antenna surround 13 is added. Finally, as shown in FIG. 3( d ), after the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13 are connected, a C4 microwave antenna can be formed. The effective height of the enclosure of the C4 microwave antenna is the effective height after the first antenna enclosure 12 and the second antenna enclosure 13 are connected.

It can be seen that through the above-mentioned process of replacing the antenna, the engineering implementation is simple, the replacement cost of the antenna is reduced, and the smooth upgrade from the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna is realized.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 , taking the antenna replacement method shown in FIG. 3 to upgrade the C3 microwave antenna to the C4 microwave antenna as an example, the envelope diagram when the C3 microwave antenna is upgraded to the C4 microwave antenna is exemplarily described.

Suppose, the aperture of the top edge of the first antenna surround 12, the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflection surface 14 is 0.3m, the second antenna surround 13 in the C3 microwave antenna is 30mm, and the first antenna surround in the C4 microwave antenna The effective height sum of the side 12 and the second antenna surrounding side 13 is 170 mm. The frequency band used by the C3 microwave antenna and the C4 microwave antenna is 23GHz.

Through the actual measurement of the antenna, the radiation pattern of the C3 microwave antenna is shown in the solid line in Figure 4, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C3 standard. In Figure 4, the dashed line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class3 envelope. The radiation pattern of the C4 microwave antenna is shown by the solid line in Figure 5, which meets the envelope requirements of the ETSI C4 standard. In Figure 5, the dotted line represents the ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 V1.5.1 Range3, Class4 envelope. Wherein, in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , the abscissa is the observation angle, specifically the suppression angle of the antenna, and the unit is degree. The vertical axis is the level value, which refers to the radiation intensity, and the unit is dB.

It should be noted that this embodiment is concerned with the connection mode between the radome 11 and the first antenna surround 12 or with the second antenna surround 13, and the connection between the first antenna surround 12 and the second antenna surround 13. The connection method and the connection method between the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflection surface 14 are not limited.

For example, the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflective surface 14 may be connected by means of welding, adhesives, etc., or integrally formed. For another example, as shown in FIG. 3( c ), the bottom end of the first antenna surround 12 may be embedded in the top end of the second antenna surround 13 .

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, there is no limitation on the materials of the radome 11 , the first antenna surround 12 , the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflection surface 14 .

For example, the radome 11 may be a foam radome 11 . The first antenna surround 12 , the second antenna surround 13 and the main reflection surface 14 are all made of metal, such as aluminum.

It should be noted that, this embodiment does not limit the implementation manner of the feed component 15 . For example. The feed assembly 15 may be a splash plate feed.

It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific value of the thickness of the radome 11, based on the actual application requirements for the reliability of the radome, such as load bearing, wind resistance, and pressure resistance, and based on cost considerations, different thickness of.

Optionally, the thickness of the radome 11 is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm. For example, it may be 30 mm.

It should be noted that the present embodiment does not limit the shape of the radome 11 .

Optionally, both the upper surface and the lower surface of the radome 11 are plane.

By setting it as a plane, when the antenna is applied to at least two different frequency bands of microwave communication, the universality of the size of the radome can be ensured, and the universality of the antenna can be improved.

It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the insertion loss of the radome 11 . The so-called insertion loss, also known as insertion loss, refers to the loss of load power that occurs somewhere in the transmission system due to the insertion of components or devices. For example, the insertion loss of the radome may be less than 0.3dB.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the specific value of the height of the second antenna surround 13 is not limited, and it may be different according to the anti-interference performance of the antenna and the diameter of the second antenna surround 13 .

Optionally, the height of the second antenna surround 13 may be less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm. For example, when the diameter of the second antenna surround 13 is 0.3 m or 0.6 m, and the height of the second antenna surround 13 is 30 mm, it can meet the C3 level defined by ETSI.

It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific value of the height of the first antenna surround 12, according to the anti-interference performance of the antenna, the diameter of the first antenna surround 12 or the second antenna surround 13 and the second The height of the antenna surround 13 can vary.

Optionally, when the diameter of the first antenna surround 12 or the second antenna surround 13 is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, the top of the first antenna surround 12 and the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 The distance between them is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm. For example, when the aperture of the first antenna surround 12 or the second antenna surround 13 is 0.3 meters, and the distance between the top of the first antenna surround 12 and the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 is 170 millimeters, it can Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.

Optionally, the diameter of the first antenna surround 12 or the second antenna surround 13 is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the top end of the first antenna surround 12 and the bottom end of the second antenna surround 13 The distance between them is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm. For example, when the aperture of the first antenna surround 12 or the second antenna surround 13 is 0.6 meters, and the distance between the top of the first antenna surround 12 and the bottom of the second antenna surround 13 is 260 millimeters, it can Meet the Class 4 (C4) level defined by ETSI.

Optionally, a wave-absorbing layer may be provided on the inner wall of the first antenna surround 12 and/or the second antenna surround 13 . In this embodiment, the material and thickness of the absorbing layer are not limited. For example, the thickness of the absorbing layer may be 10 mm or 15 mm.

By setting the wave-absorbing layer, the level value of the side lobe in the far area of the antenna is further suppressed.

It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the shape and specific size of the curve of the main reflecting surface 14, as long as it is applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication.

Generally, the shape of the curve of the main reflective surface 14 can be determined by the focal-diameter ratio of the main reflective surface 14 and the offset of the main reflective surface 14 . Wherein, the offset is used to indicate the degree of lateral offset of the focal point of the main reflective surface 14 . As mentioned above, the focal diameter ratio of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18. Optionally, the offset of the main reflective surface 14 may be greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm. For example, the curve equation of the main reflective surface 14 can be expressed as (x-off) ² =4*f*z. Wherein, x and z represent the coordinate values of the curve of the main reflection surface, off represents the offset of the main reflection surface, and f represents the focal length of the main reflection surface. In this embodiment, specific values of f, off, and f _D are not limited. For example, off=4mm, f _D =0.16.

This embodiment provides an antenna, including: a radome, a first antenna surround, a second antenna surround, a main reflector, and a feed source assembly. Wherein, the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. The radome is arranged on the top of the first antenna surround, the first antenna surround is connected to the second antenna surround, the second antenna surround is connected to the main reflection surface, and the center of the bottom of the main reflection surface is provided with a feed assembly. Both the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are cylindrical and have the same caliber. The suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to the first preset angle. In the antenna provided in this embodiment, the first antenna surround and the second antenna surround are detachable independent components. By adding or removing the surround of the first antenna, microwave antennas with different interference levels can be realized, which reduces the cost of replacing the antenna and improves the versatility of the antenna.

The embodiment of the present application also provides a feed source assembly, which can be applied to the antenna provided in the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a feed source assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, and FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in FIG. 6 . As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the feed source assembly provided in this embodiment may include: a secondary reflection surface 151 , a dielectric radiation head 152 , a circular waveguide 153 and a feed source base 154 .

One end of the circular waveguide 153 is inserted in the feed base 154 , one end of the dielectric radiation head 152 is inserted in the other end of the circular waveguide 153 , and the other end of the dielectric radiation head 152 is connected to the secondary reflection surface 151 .

The secondary reflective surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped side surfaces 1512 with gradually increasing sizes. Wherein, the calibers of the joints of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 are the same.

The feed assembly 15 provided in this embodiment, structurally, includes a sub-reflecting surface 151 , a dielectric radiation head 152 , a circular waveguide 153 and a feed base 154 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom and have the same rotation axis. The rotation axis may also be referred to as the central axis of the feed source assembly 15 . Wherein, the secondary reflective surface 151 is a shaped secondary reflective surface 151 . Specifically, the sub-reflecting surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated-cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 that gradually increase in size. The opening of the sub-reflecting surface 151 gradually increases from bottom to top.

By setting the shaped sub-reflecting surface whose opening gradually increases, the electromagnetic wave can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, thereby improving the radiation effect.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the specific number of the truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 included in the secondary reflective surface 151 and the height of each truncated cone-shaped side surface 1512 are not limited.

Optionally, the number of the frustoconical side surfaces 1512 may be greater than or equal to three and less than or equal to six. For example, in FIGS. 6 and 7 , there are four frustum-shaped side surfaces 1512 .

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the shape of the bottom surface 1511 of the sub-reflecting surface 151 is not limited.

Optionally, the bottom surface 1511 of the sub-reflecting surface 151 may be a circular plane.

By setting the bottom surface of the sub-reflecting surface as a plane, the processing difficulty can be reduced, and the electroplating precision can be improved.

Optionally, the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 on the secondary reflective surface 151 may be chamfered by chamfering. It should be noted that, this embodiment does not limit the size of the chamfer.

Optionally, the radius of the chamfer may be greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. Through chamfering, the processing quality can be improved.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the materials of the secondary reflection surface 151 , the dielectric radiation head 152 , the circular waveguide 153 and the feed source base 154 are not limited.

Optionally, the sub-reflecting surface 151 may be made of metal.

Optionally, the secondary reflective surface 151 may be formed by spraying metal powder on the end surface of the medium radiation head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 .

Optionally, the dielectric radiation head 152 may be formed of a dielectric material with stable dielectric constant, low loss, and good mechanical properties, for example, any one of Teflon, polystyrene, and polycarbonate.

Optionally, the circular waveguide 153 can be made of metal materials with strong conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient, and low cost, such as pure copper, alloy copper, pure aluminum, and die-cast aluminum. Optionally, the mode of the circular waveguide 153 may be TE11.

Optionally, a protective layer may be disposed on the inner surface of the sub-reflecting surface 151 .

Wherein, the inner surface of the sub-reflecting surface 151 refers to the side of the sub-reflecting surface 151 facing the opening of the sub-reflecting surface 151 . By providing the protective layer, the inner surface of the sub-reflecting surface can be prevented from being corroded, thereby providing protection for the sub-reflecting surface and improving the performance stability of the feed source component.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the material and thickness of the protective layer are not limited. For example, the protective layer can be an oil-based protective varnish.

Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the connection between the secondary reflective surface 151 and the dielectric radiation head 152 , the end surface of the dielectric radiation head 152 connected to the secondary reflective surface 151 may have an end surface matching the shape of the secondary reflective surface 151 .

Specifically, the sub-reflecting surface 151 includes a bottom surface 1511 and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated-cone-shaped side surfaces 1512 that gradually increase in size. Correspondingly, the end surface of the dielectric radiation head 152 connected to the sub-reflecting surface 151 also has a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped side surfaces that gradually increase in size. Wherein, the shape and size of the bottom surface on the end surface and the bottom surface 1511 may be the same. The number of the frustoconical sides on the end face is the same as the number of the frustoconical sides 1512 . The shape and size of each frustoconical side on the end face may be the same as the shape and size of the corresponding frustoconical side 1512 .

Optionally, the dielectric radiation head 152 may include an outer dielectric radiation head 1521 located outside the circular waveguide 153 and an inner dielectric radiation head 1522 located inside the circular waveguide 153 . The side surface of the outer medium radiation head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters in the direction from the other end of the medium radiation head 152 to one end of the medium radiation head 152 .

Specifically, the medium radiation head 152 includes an outer medium radiation head 1521 and an inner medium radiation head 1522 . The outer dielectric radiation head 1521 is located outside the circular waveguide 153 , and the inner dielectric radiation head 1522 is inserted into the circular waveguide 153 . The side surface of the external medium radiation head 1521 may be shaped in a stepped shape. In this embodiment, the end of the dielectric radiation head 152 connected to the circular waveguide 153 is called one end of the dielectric radiation head 152, and the end of the dielectric radiation head 152 connected to the secondary reflection surface 151 is called the other end of the dielectric radiation head 152. . In the direction from the other end of the medium radiation head 152 to one end of the medium radiation head 152 , the side surface of the outer medium radiation head 1521 includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually decreasing diameters and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with gradually increasing diameters.

The radiation pattern of the primary feed source that meets specific requirements can be optimized by first gradually reducing the diameter of the stepped shape adopted by the external medium radiation head and then gradually increasing it.

Optionally, the side surface of the inner medium radiation head 1522 may also be shaped in a stepped shape. The side surface of the inner medium radiation head 1522 may include a plurality of cylindrical surfaces with different diameters.

It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the external medium radiation head 1521, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface, and can be flexibly designed according to the requirements of the radiation amplitude and phase pattern of the feed source . In this embodiment, the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the inner medium radiation head 1522, the depth and width of each cylindrical surface are not limited, and can be based on the fixed requirements and impedance matching between the inner medium radiation head 1522 and the circular waveguide 153 Requirements, etc. for flexible design. Wherein, the depth of the cylindrical surface may also be referred to as the height of the cylindrical surface, which refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the direction of the axis. The width of the cylindrical surface refers to the distance of the cylindrical surface in the direction perpendicular to the axis, and can also be defined by the inner diameter, outer diameter, and diameter of the cylindrical surface.

Optionally, the side surface of the outer medium radiation head 1521 may include more than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12 cylindrical surfaces.

Optionally, the side surface of the inner and outer medium radiation head 1521 may include more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6 cylindrical surfaces.

For example, in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , the side surface of the outer medium radiation head 1521 includes nine cylindrical surfaces, and the side surface of the inner medium radiation head 1522 includes six cylindrical surfaces.

Optionally, in order to fix and seal the circular waveguide 153 , the diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the circular waveguide 153 on the side of the external medium radiation head 1521 is larger than the diameter of the circular waveguide 153 .

Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the connection between the inner medium radiation head 1522 and the circular waveguide 153, the outer diameter of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer medium radiation head 1521 on the side of the inner medium radiation head 1522 is equal to or slightly larger than the circular waveguide 153. The inner diameter of the waveguide 153 is such that the outer wall of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer medium radiation head 1521 is in close contact with the inner wall of the circular waveguide 153 .

Optionally, a glue groove may be provided in the middle of the cylindrical surface closest to the outer medium radiation head 1521 on the side surface of the inner medium radiation head 1522 .

By injecting adhesive into the glue tank, the stability of the connection between the inner medium radiation head and the circular waveguide can be further improved.

It should be noted that, this embodiment does not limit the way of implementing the adhesive. For example, it can be Super X8008 vinyl.

This embodiment provides a feed source assembly, including: a secondary reflection surface, a dielectric radiation head, a circular waveguide, and a feed source base. Wherein, one end of the circular waveguide is inserted in the feed source base, one end of the dielectric radiation head is inserted in the other end of the circular waveguide, and the other end of the dielectric radiation head is connected to the secondary reflection surface. The sub-reflecting surface includes a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged frustum-shaped side surfaces that gradually increase in size. Wherein, the calibers of the joints of two adjacent frustum-shaped sides are the same. The feed source assembly provided in this embodiment may be applicable to at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication. By setting the shaped sub-reflecting surface whose opening gradually increases, the electromagnetic wave can be guided to radiate to both sides of the waveguide, thereby improving the radiation effect.

Claims (17)

1. An antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises an antenna housing, a first antenna surrounding edge, a second antenna surrounding edge, a main reflecting surface and a feed source assembly; the main reflecting surface is suitable for at least two communication frequency bands in microwave communication;

the first antenna surrounding edge is a detachable independent part;

the antenna housing is arranged at the top end of the first antenna surrounding edge, the bottom end of the first antenna surrounding edge is connected with the top end of the second antenna surrounding edge, the bottom end of the second antenna surrounding edge is connected with the top end of the main reflecting surface, and the feed source assembly penetrates through the center of the bottom of the main reflecting surface; the first antenna surrounding edge and the second antenna surrounding edge are both cylindrical surfaces and have the same caliber;

the suppression angle of the antenna is less than or equal to 40 degrees; the suppression angle is an included angle between a straight line determined by the phase center point of the feed source component and any point of the top edge of the first antenna surrounding edge and the central axis of the feed source component;

the feed source assembly comprises an auxiliary reflecting surface, a medium radiation head, a circular waveguide tube and a feed source base, wherein a protective layer is arranged on the inner surface of the auxiliary reflecting surface, and the inner surface of the auxiliary reflecting surface is one side of an opening, facing the auxiliary reflecting surface, of the auxiliary reflecting surface;

the medium radiation head comprises an outer medium radiation head positioned outside the circular waveguide tube and an inner medium radiation head positioned inside the circular waveguide tube;

the lateral surface of the outer media-radiation head includes a plurality of cylindrical surfaces of gradually decreasing diameter and a plurality of cylindrical surfaces of gradually increasing diameter in a direction from the other end of the media-radiation head to one end of the media-radiation head.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the suppression angle is less than or equal to a first predetermined angle and greater than or equal to a second predetermined angle; the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 40 degrees, and the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to 35 degrees.

3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein a bottom end of the first antenna perimeter is embedded in a top end of the second antenna perimeter.

4. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the height of the second antenna perimeter is less than or equal to 35 mm and greater than or equal to 25 mm.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aperture of the first antenna peripheral edge or the second antenna peripheral edge is greater than or equal to 340 mm and less than or equal to 380 mm, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna peripheral edge and the bottom end of the second antenna peripheral edge is less than or equal to 180 mm and greater than or equal to 160 mm.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aperture of the first antenna peripheral edge or the second antenna peripheral edge is greater than or equal to 610 mm and less than or equal to 640 mm, and the distance between the top end of the first antenna peripheral edge and the bottom end of the second antenna peripheral edge is less than or equal to 250 mm and greater than or equal to 270 mm.

7. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the upper and lower surfaces of the radome are both planar.

8. An antenna according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the thickness of the radome is greater than or equal to 25 mm and less than or equal to 35 mm.

9. The antenna of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the ratio of the focal length of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.18, and the offset of the main reflecting surface is greater than or equal to 3 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm; the focal length ratio is the ratio of the diameter of the top end edge of the main reflecting surface to the focal length of the main reflecting surface, and the offset is used for indicating the transverse offset degree of the focal point of the main reflecting surface.

10. An antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a wave absorbing layer is provided on an inner wall of the first antenna skirt and/or the second antenna skirt.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein one end of the circular waveguide tube is inserted into the feed base, one end of the dielectric radiation head is inserted into the other end of the circular waveguide tube, and the other end of the dielectric radiation head is connected with the sub-reflecting surface;

the subreflector comprises a bottom surface and a plurality of concentrically arranged truncated cone-shaped side surfaces with gradually increased sizes; wherein, the calibers of the connecting parts of the two adjacent circular truncated cone-shaped side surfaces are the same.

12. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the bottom surface is a circular plane.

13. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the junction of two adjacent truncated cone-shaped sides is chamfered by a chamfering process.

14. The antenna of claim 13, wherein the radius of the chamfer is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

15. The antenna of claim 11, wherein the other end of the dielectric radiation head has an end face matching the shape of the sub-reflecting surface.

16. The antenna of claim 1, wherein a diameter of a cylindrical surface of a side surface of the outer-medium radiating head closest to the circular waveguide is larger than a diameter of the circular waveguide.

17. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the number of cylindrical surfaces included in the side surface of the outer-media radiation head is greater than or equal to 6 and less than or equal to 12.

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