CN111623334B - Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler - Google Patents
Corner tube type biomass fuel boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN111623334B CN111623334B CN202010591732.8A CN202010591732A CN111623334B CN 111623334 B CN111623334 B CN 111623334B CN 202010591732 A CN202010591732 A CN 202010591732A CN 111623334 B CN111623334 B CN 111623334B
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- air
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- flue gas
- communicated
- economizer
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
- F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
- F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G7/00—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition
- F22G7/12—Steam superheaters characterised by location, arrangement, or disposition in flues
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an angle pipe type biomass fuel boiler, which comprises: the boiler body comprises a boiler barrel, a hearth and a fire grate, wherein a feeding port and a smoke outlet are arranged on the hearth; the flue gas channel comprises a flue gas channel and a tail flue gas channel, the flue gas outlet is communicated with the tail flue gas channel through a gas inlet channel, and the flue gas channel is provided with an overheating device; the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and performs heat exchange; the fan device is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater; the primary economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and performs heat exchange, and is positioned below the air preheater, and hot water in the primary economizer performs heat exchange with air entering the air preheater; the secondary economizer is arranged on the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, and is positioned above the air preheater, so that the smoke exhaust loss of the boiler is effectively reduced, and the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to an angle tube type biomass fuel boiler.
Background
In industrial production, boilers which use biomass as boiler fuel and provide steam required in the production process are all saturated steam, and the condensation loss of the boiler in a steam supply pipeline is large. . The temperature is higher when the flue gas in the afterbody flue gas passageway of boiler on the market discharges, and the loss of discharging fume is big, causes the energy extravagant.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides the corner tube type biomass fuel boiler, which provides superheated steam so that the condensation loss of the steam supply pipeline is small, and the smoke exhaust loss of the boiler can be effectively reduced.
According to an embodiment of the invention, an angle pipe type biomass fuel boiler comprises: the boiler comprises a boiler body, a furnace and a fire grate, wherein the fire grate is arranged in the furnace, and a feeding port and a smoke outlet are arranged on the furnace;
The flue gas channel comprises a gas inlet channel and a tail flue gas channel, the gas inlet channel is arranged in the boiler body, the tail flue gas channel is exhausted to the outside, the flue gas outlet is communicated with the tail flue gas channel through the gas inlet channel, and the gas inlet channel is provided with an overheating device which is communicated with the boiler barrel and performs heat exchange with flue gas in the gas inlet channel; the air preheater is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, and air in the air preheater can be conveyed into the hearth; the fan device is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater and can introduce external air into the air preheater; the primary economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, the primary economizer is positioned below the air preheater, the primary economizer is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater; the secondary economizer is arranged in the tail flue gas channel and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel, the secondary economizer is positioned above the air preheater, the water outlet end of the primary economizer is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer, and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer is communicated with the boiler barrel.
The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the flue gas channel is internally provided with an overheating device, the feed water enters the primary economizer to absorb heat in the tail flue gas channel, then enters the boiler barrel after flowing through the secondary economizer, and is subjected to steam-water separation to obtain saturated steam, and then enters the overheating device, and the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel is subjected to heat exchange with the steam in the overheating device to obtain the superheated steam; in the technical scheme, the secondary economizer, the air preheater and the primary economizer are arranged in a crossing manner, smoke is repeatedly utilized by the secondary economizer, the air preheater and the primary economizer to conduct heat exchange, the smoke utilization rate is improved, the smoke discharging loss of a boiler is effectively reduced, smoke in a tail smoke channel heats air in the air preheater, and hot water in the primary economizer heats air entering the air inlet end of the air preheater, so that the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater are avoided.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the furnace is of a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel comprises a first area and a second area, the gas outlet is communicated with one end of the first area, the other end of the first area is communicated with one end of the second area, and the other end of the second area is communicated with the tail flue gas channel; the superheating device comprises a first-stage superheater and a second-stage superheater communicated with the first-stage superheater, the first-stage superheater is arranged in the second area, the second-stage superheater is arranged in the first area, the steam inlet end of the first-stage superheater is communicated with the boiler barrel, and the steam outlet end of the second-stage superheater is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a first evaporation heating surface and a second evaporation heating surface positioned above the first evaporation heating surface are arranged in the second area, and the primary superheater is positioned between the first evaporation heating surface and the second evaporation heating surface.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the first and second evaporation heating surfaces are disposed opposite to each other and are each flag-shaped.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the air heater comprises a fan device, wherein the fan device is arranged at the air inlet end of the air preheater, the air inlet of the air heater is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater, the air outlet of the air heater is communicated with the air inlet end of the air heater, and the air inlet of the air heater is communicated with the outside.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a primary air chamber communicated with the fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body, and a primary air hole communicated with the hearth is arranged on the fire grate; the air heater group comprises a primary air heater and a secondary air heater which is arranged side by side with the primary air heater; the fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the primary air heater, and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the secondary air heater; the air preheater comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, wherein the air inlet end of the primary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the primary air heater, the air inlet end of the secondary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the secondary air heater, the air outlet end of the primary air preheater can convey primary air to the primary air chamber and convey the primary air to the hearth through the primary air hole, and the air outlet end of the secondary air preheater can convey secondary air to the hearth.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a water-cooling evaporation screen capable of increasing heat absorption is arranged in the hearth.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a slag hole communicated with the hearth is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body, and the grate is obliquely arranged towards the slag hole.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the inclination angle of the grate is set to alpha, 5 deg. alpha. 9 deg..
According to some embodiments of the invention, the grate is disposed in a lower portion of the furnace, and the grate is configured as a water-cooled vibrating grate, and the grate is in driving connection with a driving device.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the tail flue gas channel.
Reference numerals:
The boiler comprises a boiler body 10, a boiler barrel 11, a hearth 12, a fire grate 13, a driving device 131, a feeding hole 14, a smoke outlet 15, a down pipe 16, an introducing pipe 18, an eduction pipe 17, a dust falling hole 191 and a slag hole 192;
The air inlet channel 20, the first area 21, the second area 22, the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23, the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222;
tail flue gas channel 30, superheater 40, primary superheater 41, secondary superheater 42;
an air preheater 51, a warm air device group 52, a primary air heater 521, a secondary air heater 522, a primary economizer 60, a secondary economizer 70 and a water-cooled evaporation screen 80.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the direction or positional relationship indicated with respect to the description of the orientation, such as up, down, etc., is based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the description of the first and second is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of technical features indicated or the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless explicitly defined otherwise, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection, etc. should be construed broadly and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art in combination with the specific contents of the technical scheme.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an angle pipe type biomass fuel boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: the boiler comprises a boiler body 10, wherein the boiler body 10 comprises a boiler barrel 11, a hearth 12 and a fire grate 13, the fire grate 13 is arranged in the hearth 12, and a feeding port 14 and a flue gas outlet 15 are arranged on the hearth 12; the flue gas channel comprises a gas inlet channel 20 arranged in the boiler body 10 and a tail flue gas channel 30 exhausting outwards, a flue gas outlet 15 is communicated with the tail flue gas channel 30 through the gas inlet channel 20, and the gas inlet channel 20 is provided with a superheating device 40 communicated with the boiler barrel 11 and performing heat exchange with flue gas in the gas inlet channel 20; the air preheater 51 is arranged in the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, and air in the air preheater 51 can be conveyed into the hearth 12; a blower device which is communicated with an air inlet end of the air preheater 51 and is capable of introducing external air into the air preheater 51; the primary economizer 60 is arranged in the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, the primary economizer 60 is positioned below the air preheater 51, the primary economizer 60 is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer 60 exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater 51; the secondary economizer 70 is arranged on the tail flue gas channel 30 and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel 30, the secondary economizer 70 is positioned above the air preheater 51, the water outlet end of the primary economizer 60 is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer 70, and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer 70 is communicated with the boiler barrel 11.
The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: the superheating device 40 is arranged in the air inlet channel 20, the feed water enters the primary economizer 60 to absorb heat in the tail flue gas channel 30, then the feed water flows through the secondary economizer to enter the boiler barrel 11, saturated steam is obtained through steam-water separation of the boiler barrel 11, then the feed water enters the superheating device 40, and the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel 30 exchanges heat with the steam in the superheating device 40 to obtain superheated steam; in the technical scheme, the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60 are arranged in a crossing manner, and the flue gas is utilized for heat exchange for multiple times through the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60, so that the flue gas utilization rate is improved, and the flue gas loss of the boiler is effectively reduced; the flue gas in the tail flue gas channel 30 heats the air in the air preheater 51, and the hot water in the primary economizer 60 heats the air entering the air inlet end of the air preheater 51, so that the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater 51 are avoided.
It will be appreciated that the deaerator delivers water to the water inlet end of the primary economizer 60 to remove oxygen and other gases dissolved in the feed water and prevent and reduce corrosion of the boiler feed water tubes, economizers and other ancillary equipment. In some embodiments of the invention, low pressure feedwater from the deaerator is pumped through the low pressure feedwater pump into the primary economizer 60.
It should be noted that, the exhaust port of the tail flue gas channel 30 is disposed downward; the flue gas outlet 15 of the hearth 12 is positioned at the upper part of the hearth; both the furnace 12 and the gas inlet channels 20 are formed by membrane water walls. Of course, other structures are possible, such as: light pipe type water cooling walls, etc., are not limited thereto. The boiler furnace 12 is supported by a plurality of downcomers 16 and water cooled wall lower headers, the downcomers 16 being arranged above the two side water cooled wall lower headers, the two side water cooled wall lower headers being supported by a main boiler steel frame which is arranged below the boiler furnace 12 for supporting the boiler furnace 12 and a tail heating surface. The rigid structure at the periphery of the boiler furnace 12 is only used for supporting the platform escalator, and has definite functions, simple structure and steel saving.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the furnace 12 is of a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel 20 includes a first region 21 and a second region 22, the flue gas outlet 15 is connected to one end of the first region 21, the other end of the first region 21 is connected to one end of the second region 22, and the other end of the second region 22 is connected to the tail flue gas channel 30; the superheating device 40 comprises a first-stage superheater 41 and a second-stage superheater 42 communicated with the first-stage superheater 41, the first-stage superheater 41 is arranged in the second area 22, the second-stage superheater 42 is arranged in the first area 21, the steam inlet end of the first-stage superheater 41 is communicated with the boiler barrel 11, and the steam outlet end of the second-stage superheater 42 is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users. The primary superheater 41 and the secondary superheater 42 are communicated through a primary water spray attemperator, and a secondary water spray attemperator is arranged at the rear part of the secondary superheater 42. Saturated steam led out after steam-water separation and dehumidification equipment in the boiler barrel 11 is sent into the primary superheater 41 through the saturated steam leading-out pipe 17 to exchange heat with smoke in the second area 22, then is sent into the secondary superheater 42 after passing through the primary water spraying attemperator to exchange heat with smoke in the first area 21, and finally is led out after passing through the secondary water spraying attemperator for industrial steam users. The two-stage superheater is matched with the two-stage water spraying attemperator, the steam temperature of the superheater outlet is adjusted through the water spraying quantity to meet the steam temperature parameter requirements of industrial users, the steam temperature requirements can be met even under the condition of very low load of a boiler, the temperature adjusting range is large, the structure is simple, the work is stable and reliable, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
It should be noted that, the secondary superheater 42 is a screen superheater; a 180 degree turn flue gas chamber 23 is disposed between the first region 21 and the second region 22 and is in communication through the 180 degree turn flue gas chamber.
In some embodiments of the invention, the firebox 12 is a vertical firebox, i.e., the firebox 12 is arch-free in a front-to-back configuration. The lower part of the hearth 12 is of an arch-free structure, so that the problems of short residence time of the flue gas in the hearth 12, large fly ash carrying amount and high fly ash carbon content caused by the fact that the arch-free hearth 12 accelerates the upward flow of the flue gas are avoided. It will be appreciated that the burning out of the volatile components and the particles carried by the flue gas is accomplished by means of scientifically and reasonably arranged secondary and overfire air designs on the front and rear water walls of the lower portion of the furnace 12 in combination with the shape of the lower furnace 12.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a first evaporation heating surface 221 and a second evaporation heating surface 222 located above the first evaporation heating surface 221 are disposed in the second region 22, and the primary superheater 41 is located between the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222. In the embodiment, the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222 are opposite to each other and are flag-shaped. Of course, in some embodiments, other arrangements of the first evaporation heating surface 221 and the second evaporation heating surface 222 exist, which are not limited herein.
It will be appreciated that, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the air heater group 52 is further included, the air heater group 52 is provided with a water chamber and an air chamber, the primary economizer 60 is connected to the water inlet end of the water chamber, the water outlet end of the water chamber is connected to the secondary economizer, the air inlet of the air chamber is connected to the air outlet of the fan device, the air outlet of the air chamber is connected to the air inlet end of the air preheater, and the air inlet of the fan device is connected to the outside. The water supply of the first-stage economizer 60 absorbing heat, namely hot water, enters the water chamber and serves as a heat source of the heater unit 52, the fan unit conveys air to the air chamber and is heated by the hot water in the water chamber, the heated air enters the air inlet end of the air preheater 51, the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blocking of the air preheater 51 are avoided, and the heat source used by the heater unit 52 is the heat of the water absorbing flue gas in the first-stage economizer 60, so that an additional heat source outside a boiler is not needed.
It will be appreciated that in some embodiments of the present invention, the cross arrangement of the secondary economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the primary economizer 60 is designed to be a cross arrangement, with the primary economizer 60 being arranged at the outlet of the tail flue gas channel 30 of the boiler, low temperature corrosion at the primary economizer 60 can be avoided since the feed water temperature at the inlet of the primary economizer 60 is 104 ℃ and the exhaust gas temperature is 130 ℃. The air preheater 51 is arranged between the primary economizer 60 and the secondary economizer 70, and hot water at the outlet of the primary economizer 60 is used as a heat source of the air heater group 52 to heat cold air, so that the lowest metal temperature of the cold end pipe of the air preheater 51 is higher than 100 ℃, and the problems of low-temperature corrosion and ash blockage of the air preheater 51 are avoided.
In some embodiments of the invention, a primary air chamber communicated with a fire grate 13 is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body 10, and a primary air hole communicated with a hearth 12 is arranged on the fire grate 13; the air heater group 52 includes a primary air heater 521 and a secondary air heater 522 provided in parallel with the primary air heater 521; the fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of a primary air heater 521, and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of a secondary air heater 522; the air preheater comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, wherein the air inlet end of the primary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the primary air heater 521, the air inlet end of the secondary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the secondary air heater 522, the air outlet end of the primary air preheater can convey primary air to the primary air chamber and convey the primary air to the hearth 12 through a primary air hole, and the air outlet end of the secondary air preheater can convey secondary air to the hearth 12. The air needed by combustion is divided into primary air and secondary air, which are respectively provided by a primary air blower and a secondary air blower; the hearth 12 is provided with an ignition air port, a secondary air port and a burn-out air port, primary air can be conveyed to the primary air chamber through a primary air preheater and is conveyed into the hearth 12 through a primary air hole of the fire grate 13, volatile combustion can be provided, secondary air can be conveyed to the lower part of the hearth 12 through the secondary air preheater and is sprayed into the hearth 12 through the ignition air port, the secondary air port and the burn-out air port respectively, and the ignition air is mainly mixed with the volatile matters separated out from fuel for combustion. The secondary air and the overfire air are thoroughly mixed with the flue gas to provide oxygen for the carbon and some gaseous combustibles in the fly ash.
In some embodiments of the invention, a water-cooled evaporation screen 80 is disposed in the furnace 12 to increase the heat absorption capacity, thereby increasing the heat absorption capacity of the water-cooled walls and increasing the evaporation capacity. It will be appreciated that the water cooled evaporation screen 80 is located in the upper portion of the furnace 12.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the boiler body 10 is provided with a slag hole 192 communicating with the furnace 12, and the grate 13 is disposed obliquely toward the slag hole 192. Can ensure smooth slag tapping. In a specific embodiment, the inclination angle of the fire grate 13 is set to be alpha, and alpha is more than or equal to 5 degrees and less than or equal to 9 degrees, so that the fuel and the ashes of the burning ashes can move backwards through the vibration of the fire grate 13, and finally the ashes fall into a slag outlet 192 from the lower end of the fire grate 13 and are discharged by a slag dragging machine.
In some embodiments of the invention, the grate 13 is disposed in a lower portion of the furnace 12, and the grate 13 is configured as a water-cooled vibrating grate 13, the grate 13 being in driving connection with a driving device 131. It can be understood that the primary air chamber is divided into three sections which respectively correspond to the water-cooling vibrating grate 13, and the primary air holes are formed on the surface of the grate 13. The adoption of the water-cooling vibrating grate 13 can avoid burning fuel such as straw and the like on the surface of the grate 13, is beneficial to conveying ash to the rear of the furnace, namely, the slag outlet 192 is discharged, and has the advantages that the ash slag generated by straw combustion contains more alkali metal, and has low ash melting point, if the common grate 13 is adopted, the surface temperature of the grate 13 is high, the ash slag is easy to melt on the surface of the grate 13, the primary air holes on the surface of the grate 13 are easy to block, the straw burning is not beneficial to the slag discharging, and the grate 13 is also easy to burn out. The surface of the water-cooling vibrating grate 13 is cooled by a water pipe, the temperature of the surface of the grate 13 is low, ash residues are not easy to melt on the surface of the water-cooling grate 13, slag is easy to discharge, and the grate 13 is not easy to burn.
It can be understood that the fuel is biomass fuel such as agriculture and forestry waste, and various biomass fuels can be simultaneously blended and burned, such as: rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, cotton stalk, reed, bark, board bark, rice husk, peanut shell, wood chip, sawdust, furniture processing leftover materials, building templates and the like, and has wide fuel adaptability and high combustion efficiency.
The combustion system of the invention is scientifically and effectively matched with the shape of the combustion equipment and the lower hearth 12 and the air distribution system, the combustion equipment adopts the water-cooling vibrating grate 13, and the invention has the characteristics of difficult coking, wide fuel application range, large load regulation ratio, simple and easy operation and control and automatic control.
It will be appreciated that as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the furnace 12 is provided with two downcomers 16, four downcomers 16 in total, and the first two downcomers 16 simultaneously support the drum 11.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: through the fuel feed inlet 14, the air preheater 51 conveys primary air to the hearth 12 through the primary air hole and sprays secondary air into the hearth 12 through the ignition air hole, the secondary air hole and the burning air hole respectively, the fuel is combusted through the water-cooling vibrating grate 13, smoke generated by combustion flows into the first area 21 from the smoke outlet 15 at the upper part of the hearth 12, flows out of the first area 21 after exchanging heat with the secondary superheater 42 and enters the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23, and ash particles carried in part of smoke are separated in the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23 due to the action of turning centrifugal force and discharged into the slag dragging machine through the sedimentation ash drop hole 191 of the boiler body 10. The flue gas flows through the 180-degree turning flue gas chamber 23 and then enters the second region 22, sequentially flows through the first evaporation heating surface 221, the first-stage superheater 41 and the second evaporation heating surface 222, then flows into the tail flue gas channel 30, sequentially flows through the second-stage economizer 70, the air preheater 51 and the first-stage economizer 60 and then leaves the boiler;
The deaerator is used for supplying water to the primary economizer 60 to absorb the heat of the tail flue gas, the primary economizer 60 is used for feeding hot water to the water chamber of the air heater group 52, the air heater group 52 uses the hot water as a heat source and heats the air in the air chamber of the air heater group 52, then the water chamber of the air heater group 52 is used for feeding the hot water to the secondary economizer 70, and finally the hot water enters the boiler barrel 11. The water in the drum 11 enters the membrane water wall through the lower header of the membrane water wall by the downcomer 16, the steam-water mixture enters the upper header from the heating surface of the membrane water wall and steam-water pre-separation occurs in the upper header, the wet steam enters the steam space at the upper part of the drum 11 through the drum 11 wet steam introducing pipe 18, part of the separated water enters the circulation through the drum 11 and the front downcomer 16, and the other part of the separated water is directly supplied to the evaporation heating surface far away from the drum 11 through the rear downcomer 16. Saturated steam led out after steam-water separation and dehumidification equipment in the boiler barrel 11 is sent into the primary superheater 41 through the saturated steam leading-out pipe 17 to exchange heat with smoke in the second area 22, then is sent into the secondary superheater 42 after passing through the primary water spraying attemperator to exchange heat with smoke in the first area 21, and finally is led out after passing through the secondary water spraying attemperator for industrial steam users.
The present application is, of course, not limited to the above-described embodiments, and one skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the application, and these equivalent modifications or substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an angle pipe formula biomass fuel boiler which characterized in that includes:
the boiler comprises a boiler body (10), wherein the boiler body (10) comprises a boiler barrel (11), a hearth (12) and a fire grate (13), the fire grate (13) is arranged in the hearth (12), and a feeding port (14) and a flue gas outlet (15) are arranged on the hearth (12);
The flue gas channel comprises a gas inlet channel (20) arranged in the boiler body (10) and a tail flue gas channel (30) exhausting outwards, the flue gas outlet (15) is communicated with the tail flue gas channel (30) through the gas inlet channel (20), and the gas inlet channel (20) is provided with a superheating device (40) which is communicated with the boiler barrel (11) and exchanges heat with flue gas in the gas inlet channel (20);
The air preheater (51) is arranged in the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), and air in the air preheater (51) can be conveyed into the hearth (12);
A blower device which is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater (51) and can introduce external air into the air preheater (51);
The primary economizer (60) is arranged in the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), the primary economizer (60) is positioned below the air preheater (51), the primary economizer (60) is provided with a water inlet end, and hot water in the primary economizer (60) exchanges heat with air entering the air preheater (51);
The secondary economizer (70) is arranged in the tail flue gas channel (30) and exchanges heat with the tail flue gas channel (30), the secondary economizer (70) is positioned above the air preheater (51), the water outlet end of the primary economizer (60) is communicated with the water inlet end of the secondary economizer (70), and the water outlet end of the secondary economizer (70) is communicated with the boiler barrel (11).
2. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, wherein the furnace (12) is of a vertical structure, the gas inlet channel (20) comprises a first region (21) and a second region (22), the flue gas outlet (15) is communicated with one end of the first region (21), the other end of the first region (21) is communicated with one end of the second region (22), and the other end of the second region (22) is communicated with the tail flue gas channel (30);
The superheating device (40) comprises a primary superheater (41) and a secondary superheater (42) communicated with the primary superheater (41), the primary superheater (41) is arranged in the second area (22), the secondary superheater (42) is arranged in the first area (21), the steam inlet end of the primary superheater (41) is communicated with the boiler barrel (11), and the steam outlet end of the secondary superheater (42) is used for supplying steam to industrial steam users.
3. The corner-tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 2, wherein a first evaporation heating surface (221) and a second evaporation heating surface (222) located above the first evaporation heating surface (221) are arranged in the second area (22), and the primary superheater (41) is located between the first evaporation heating surface (221) and the second evaporation heating surface (222).
4. A corner-tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the first evaporation heating surface (221) and the second evaporation heating surface (222) are arranged opposite to each other and are flag-shaped.
5. The corner-tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, further comprising a heater group (52), wherein a water chamber and an air chamber are arranged on the heater group (52), the primary economizer (60) is communicated with the water inlet end of the water chamber, the water inlet end of the secondary economizer (70) is communicated with the water outlet end of the water chamber, the air inlet of the air chamber is communicated with the air outlet of the fan device, the air outlet of the air chamber is communicated with the air inlet end of the air preheater (51), and the air inlet of the fan device is communicated with the outside.
6. The corner-tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 5, wherein a primary air chamber communicated with the fire grate (13) is arranged at the bottom of the boiler body (10), and primary air holes communicated with the hearth (12) are arranged on the fire grate (13);
The heater group (52) comprises a primary air heater (521) and a secondary air heater (522) which is arranged side by side with the primary air heater (521);
The fan device comprises a primary fan for conveying primary air and a secondary fan for conveying secondary air, an air outlet of the primary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the primary air heater (521), and an air outlet of the secondary fan is communicated with an air inlet of the secondary air heater (522);
the air preheater comprises a primary air preheater and a secondary air preheater, wherein the air inlet end of the primary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the primary air heater (521), the air inlet end of the secondary air preheater is communicated with the air outlet of the secondary air heater (522), the air outlet end of the primary air preheater can convey primary air to the primary air chamber and convey the primary air to the hearth (12) through the primary air hole, and the air outlet end of the secondary air preheater can convey secondary air to the hearth (12).
7. The corner tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, wherein a water-cooled evaporation screen (80) capable of increasing the heat absorption capacity is arranged in the hearth (12).
8. The corner tube type biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1, wherein a slag hole (192) communicated with the hearth (12) is formed in the bottom of the boiler body (10), and the grate (13) is obliquely arranged towards the slag hole (192).
9. The corner tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 8, characterized in that the inclination angle of the grate (13) is set to α,5 ° - α -9 °.
10. The corner tube biomass fuel boiler according to claim 1 or 9, wherein the grate (13) is arranged at the lower part of the hearth (12), and the grate (13) is configured as a water-cooled vibrating grate (13), and the grate (13) is in transmission connection with a driving device (131).
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| CN114738720A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长宏锅炉科技股份有限公司 | Smoke circulating reciprocating grate combustion biomass steam boiler |
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| CN106765015A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-31 | 江联重工集团股份有限公司 | One kind prevents the biomass fluid bed boiler of low-temperature corrosion of air preheater and system |
| CN106594698A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏东九重工股份有限公司 | Biomass direct-fired boiler |
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