CN111510985A - Wireless sensor network directional diffusion protocol data query method based on cluster bridge - Google Patents
Wireless sensor network directional diffusion protocol data query method based on cluster bridge Download PDFInfo
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- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for inquiring data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: it includes a cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node's remaining energy and an interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertised routing table. The invention has the advantages of scientificity, reasonability, high efficiency, energy conservation, high connectivity, capability of ensuring the data query efficiency of the wireless sensor network, prolonging the life cycle of the network and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless sensor networks, and relates to a method for querying data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge.
Background
The data query technology is one of core technologies of a routing protocol of a wireless sensor network, and has very important significance for efficient operation of the wireless sensor network. The reasonable data query routing method can quickly and effectively acquire required data in a large number of data streams, and reduces network energy consumption. However, most of the existing data query methods are designed based on the improvement of query accuracy, the characteristic of limited network resources is ignored, and the problem of large consumption of network energy caused by the improvement of accuracy is not considered.
The data query method is mainly divided into two stages of query broadcasting and data collection in a routing protocol, and is mainly realized by sending queries to all nodes or a subset of the nodes in a network in the query broadcasting stage, and because the queries are generated according to user requirements, the pertinence and the effectiveness of data collection are greatly improved; in the data collection stage, the data query method mainly adopts a multi-hop forwarding mechanism, and when the sensor node locally observes that the sensing data is matched with the query, the sensor node forwards the sensing data to the base station through a next-hop node close to the base station, so that the energy consumption of data transmission is reduced, and the efficiency of data transmission is improved. The Directed Diffusion protocol (DD) is a typical data-centric query-on-demand routing mechanism, but it still has some problems, mainly due to:
(1) the directed diffusion protocol is based on the topology of a plane architecture, the cost for establishing and maintaining the route is high, the expandability of a network structure is influenced, when the network topology structure changes frequently, the performance of an algorithm is greatly influenced, and the connectivity of the network cannot be ensured;
(2) in the inquiry broadcasting stage, the directional diffusion protocol transmits interest messages to all sensor nodes in the whole monitoring area in a data flooding mode, but repeated information is transmitted to the same node for multiple times, so that implosion and data overlapping of the node are easily caused, in addition, the directional diffusion protocol requires the interest messages to traverse the whole network, so that time and energy costs are high, and unnecessary resource waste of the network is caused;
(3) in the data collection stage, the node residual energy and the node energy consumption are not considered, and when a plurality of strengthening paths use the same node, the information transmission congestion problem of the node is aggravated, so that the node energy is exhausted in advance, and the work of the whole network is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wireless sensor network directed diffusion protocol data query method based on a cluster bridge, which is scientific, reasonable, low in energy consumption, high in connectivity and capable of ensuring the data query efficiency of a wireless sensor network, aiming at the problems that the network topology construction of a directed diffusion protocol is unreasonable and the flooding in an interest diffusion stage is unreasonable in the data query method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for querying data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps: a cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node's remaining energy and an interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertised routing table,
1) the cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node residual energy;
in the stage of establishing a network topology, a cluster is introduced into a directional diffusion protocol, in order to ensure the connectivity of the network, cluster bridge nodes are established between the clusters, a two-layer network model is established based on the cluster, in-cluster nodes are directly connected with cluster head nodes to form a single-hop low-layer network, the cluster head nodes and the cluster bridge nodes are connected with each other to form a multi-hop high-layer network, and when the in-cluster nodes find that two or more cluster head nodes exist in neighbor nodes, if the residual energy E of the in-cluster nodes is larger than twores-iGreater than a residual energy threshold E0Then, the cluster bridge forming condition is met, and the residual energy threshold value E is reached0Is defined as:
wherein E isres-jIs the remaining energy of cluster head node j, NCHWhen two or more intra-cluster nodes have cluster bridge forming conditions at the same time, selecting a cluster bridge node by calculating a cluster bridge election factor f, wherein the cluster bridge election factor is expressed by a formula:
wherein N ismaxIndicating the number of nodes surviving in the network, α is a weight parameter, PkReceived power, P, of report messages received by a node from the kth cluster head nodemaxSelecting the intra-cluster node with the largest cluster bridge election factor as a cluster bridge node for the initial transmitting power of the node, after the network topological structure is stable, firstly diffusing an interest message into a high-level network by a base station, diffusing the interest message into each cluster head node through the cluster bridge node in the high-level network, and then forwarding the interest message to the intra-cluster node by the cluster head node;
2) the interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertisement routing table;
setting an announce routing table in the self buffer area of the cluster head node, in the clustering process, each intra-cluster node sends self information to the cluster head node, the cluster head node stores the information into the announce routing table, after the network topology structure is stable, the base station can spread the interest to a higher-level network for data query, the cluster head node is responsible for sending the interest to the cluster inner node in the interest information in a lower-level network, in a lower layer network, in order to avoid the blind diffusion of the interest message, the cluster head node does not directly diffuse the interest message into the cluster, but first compares the self-maintained advertisement routing table with the interest list to determine whether the cluster node monitoring data matched with the interest message exists, if yes, diffusing the interest message into the cluster, further searching for nodes in the cluster, otherwise, discarding the interest message.
The invention discloses a method for inquiring data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge, which comprises the steps of providing a cluster bridge election mechanism based on node residual energy in a cluster bridge election stage, considering the influence of a clustering structure on the directional diffusion protocol, providing a cluster bridge node for reducing the transmitting power of a cluster head node and ensuring the network connectivity, and selecting a cluster node in a cluster with the largest cluster bridge election factor to be a cluster bridge node if the cluster bridge forming condition is met; in the interest diffusion stage, an interest diffusion mechanism based on the notification routing table is provided, whether the interest message is diffused into the cluster is determined by comparing the notification routing table with the interest message, and energy consumption caused by blind flooding diffusion of the interest message is effectively avoided. The invention has the advantages of scientificity, reasonability, high efficiency, energy conservation, high connectivity, capability of ensuring the data query efficiency of the wireless sensor network, prolonging the life cycle of the network and the like.
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FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for querying data of a wireless sensor network directional diffusion protocol based on a cluster bridge according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a method for querying data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge, which comprises the following steps: a cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node's remaining energy and an interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertised routing table,
1) a cluster bridge election mechanism based on node residual energy;
in the stage of establishing a network topology, a cluster is introduced into a directional diffusion protocol, in order to ensure the connectivity of the network, cluster bridge nodes are established between the clusters, a two-layer network model is established based on the cluster, in-cluster nodes are directly connected with cluster head nodes to form a single-hop low-layer network, the cluster head nodes and the cluster bridge nodes are connected with each other to form a multi-hop high-layer network, and when the in-cluster nodes find that two or more cluster head nodes exist in neighbor nodes, if the residual energy E of the in-cluster nodes is larger than twores-iGreater than a residual energy threshold E0Then, the cluster bridge forming condition is met, and the residual energy threshold value E is reached0Is defined as:
wherein E isres-jIs the remaining energy of cluster head node j, NCHWhen two or more intra-cluster nodes have cluster bridge forming conditions at the same time, selecting a cluster bridge node by calculating a cluster bridge election factor f, wherein the cluster bridge election factor is expressed by a formula:
wherein N ismaxIndicating the number of nodes surviving in the network, α is a weight parameter, PkReceived power, P, of report messages received by a node from the kth cluster head nodemaxSelecting the intra-cluster node with the largest cluster bridge election factor as a cluster bridge node for the initial transmitting power of the node, after the network topological structure is stable, firstly diffusing an interest message into a high-level network by a base station, diffusing the interest message into each cluster head node through the cluster bridge node in the high-level network, and then forwarding the interest message to the intra-cluster node by the cluster head node;
2) an interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertised routing table;
setting an announce routing table in the self buffer area of the cluster head node, in the clustering process, each intra-cluster node sends self information to the cluster head node, the cluster head node stores the information into the announce routing table, after the network topology structure is stable, the base station can spread the interest to a higher-level network for data query, the cluster head node is responsible for sending the interest to the cluster inner node in the interest information in a lower-level network, in a lower layer network, in order to avoid the blind diffusion of the interest message, the cluster head node does not directly diffuse the interest message into the cluster, but first compares the self-maintained advertisement routing table with the interest list to determine whether the cluster node monitoring data matched with the interest message exists, if yes, diffusing the interest message into the cluster, further searching for nodes in the cluster, otherwise, discarding the interest message.
The software routines of the present invention are programmed according to automation, networking and computer processing techniques, and are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (1)
1. A method for querying data of a directional diffusion protocol of a wireless sensor network based on a cluster bridge is characterized by comprising the following steps: a cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node's remaining energy and an interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertised routing table,
1) the cluster bridge election mechanism based on the node residual energy;
in the stage of establishing a network topology, a cluster is introduced into a directional diffusion protocol, in order to ensure the connectivity of the network, cluster bridge nodes are established between the clusters, a two-layer network model is established based on the cluster, in-cluster nodes are directly connected with cluster head nodes to form a single-hop low-layer network, the cluster head nodes and the cluster bridge nodes are connected with each other to form a multi-hop high-layer network, and when the in-cluster nodes find that two or more cluster head nodes exist in neighbor nodes, if the residual energy E of the in-cluster nodes is larger than twores-iGreater than a residual energy threshold E0Then, the cluster bridge forming condition is met, and the residual energy threshold value E is reached0Is defined as:
wherein E isres-jIs the remaining energy of cluster head node j, NCHWhen two or more intra-cluster nodes have cluster bridge forming conditions at the same time, selecting a cluster bridge node by calculating a cluster bridge election factor f, wherein the cluster bridge election factor is expressed by a formula:
wherein N ismaxRepresenting premises in a networkNumber of surviving nodes, α is the weight parameter, PkReceived power, P, of report messages received by a node from the kth cluster head nodemaxSelecting the intra-cluster node with the largest cluster bridge election factor as a cluster bridge node for the initial transmitting power of the node, after the network topological structure is stable, firstly diffusing an interest message into a high-level network by a base station, diffusing the interest message into each cluster head node through the cluster bridge node in the high-level network, and then forwarding the interest message to the intra-cluster node by the cluster head node;
2) the interest diffusion mechanism based on the advertisement routing table;
setting an announce routing table in the self buffer area of the cluster head node, in the clustering process, each intra-cluster node sends self information to the cluster head node, the cluster head node stores the information into the announce routing table, after the network topology structure is stable, the base station can spread the interest to a higher-level network for data query, the cluster head node is responsible for sending the interest to the cluster inner node in the interest information in a lower-level network, in a lower layer network, in order to avoid the blind diffusion of the interest message, the cluster head node does not directly diffuse the interest message into the cluster, but first compares the self-maintained advertisement routing table with the interest list to determine whether the cluster node monitoring data matched with the interest message exists, if yes, diffusing the interest message into the cluster, further searching for nodes in the cluster, otherwise, discarding the interest message.
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| CN113316211A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-08-27 | 浙江农林大学 | Tree growth remote measuring method and system based on directional diffusion protocol |
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