CN110491112A - A kind of multiple-in-one acquisition system and acquisition method - Google Patents
A kind of multiple-in-one acquisition system and acquisition method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多表合一采集系统和采集方法,包括测量终端和连接于所述测量终端的基站,所述基站连接于主站,其特征在于,所述测量终端为多表合一终端,且所述测量终端包括水表测量仪、供暖测量仪、燃气测量仪和电力测量仪,所述多表合一终端通过低功耗广域网连接于基站,所述基站通过GPRS网络连接于所述主站。本发明采用低功耗广域网实现多表合一终端与基站之间的通讯,具有功耗低、传输距离远,施工成本低等优点。
The invention provides a multi-meter-in-one acquisition system and acquisition method, including a measurement terminal and a base station connected to the measurement terminal, the base station is connected to the main station, and characterized in that the measurement terminal is a multi-meter in one terminal, and the measuring terminal includes a water meter measuring instrument, a heating measuring instrument, a gas measuring instrument and an electric power measuring instrument, the multi-meter-in-one terminal is connected to the base station through a low-power wide area network, and the base station is connected to the base station through a GPRS network. Main site. The invention adopts the low power consumption wide area network to realize the communication between the multi-meter integrated terminal and the base station, and has the advantages of low power consumption, long transmission distance, low construction cost and the like.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于测量仪表技术领域,尤其是涉及一种多表合一采集系统和采集方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of measuring instruments, in particular to a multi-meter-in-one acquisition system and an acquisition method.
背景技术Background technique
多表合一是指依托用电信息,可以采集到水、热、气的用量。“多表合一”工程是国家电网公司重点推动的,利用电力系统现有的采集平台实现水、电、暖、气等公共事业数据一体化远程抄收模式,目的在于打造新型用能服务模式、减少抄表工作量和硬件重复建设。多表合一抄表应用中,由于水、电、气、热表计安装环境各不相同,安装方式各不相同集中式/分散式,单一一种射频参数,无法很好适应现场应用。Multi-meter integration means that the amount of water, heat, and gas can be collected based on electricity consumption information. The "multi-meter integration" project is mainly promoted by the State Grid Corporation of China. It uses the existing collection platform of the power system to realize the integrated remote data collection mode of water, electricity, heating, gas and other public utilities. The purpose is to create a new energy consumption service model, Reduce meter reading workload and duplicate hardware construction. In the multi-meter-in-one meter reading application, due to the different installation environments and different installation methods of water, electricity, gas, and heat meters, a single RF parameter cannot be well adapted to field applications.
传统FSK点对点通信性能不足,通常采用多跳MESH组网。MESH组网需维护网络中的中继节点,虽然多为自动组网,但是实际应用中后期有大量的工作。往往因为中继节点的设备损坏、环境改变比如晚上关闭了卷闸门、器件老化,导致通信异常。MESH组网由于多跳的组网结构,不利于运维人员维护,专业性太强,需运维人员建立系统性的MESH组网知识体系。The traditional FSK point-to-point communication performance is insufficient, and multi-hop MESH networking is usually used. MESH networking needs to maintain the relay nodes in the network. Although most of them are automatic networking, there is a lot of work in the later stage of practical application. Communication abnormalities are often caused by equipment damage of relay nodes, environmental changes, such as closing the rolling shutter at night, and device aging. Due to the multi-hop networking structure of MESH networking, it is not conducive to the maintenance of operation and maintenance personnel, and the professionalism is too strong. It is necessary for the operation and maintenance personnel to establish a systematic knowledge system of MESH networking.
所以需要一种低功耗且传输距离足够的通讯网络来实现夺标合一终端与基站之间的稳定连接。Therefore, a communication network with low power consumption and sufficient transmission distance is required to realize a stable connection between the winning terminal and the base station.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的是针对上述问题,提供一种多表合一采集系统;The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the above-mentioned problems, provide a kind of multi-meter integration acquisition system;
本发明的另一目的是针对上述问题,提供一种多表合一采集方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a multi-table collection method for the above problems.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用了下列技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted the following technical solutions:
一种多表合一采集系统,包括测量终端和连接于所述测量终端的基站,所述基站连接于主站,所述测量终端为多表合一终端,且所述测量终端包括水表测量仪、供暖测量仪、燃气测量仪和电力测量仪,所述多表合一终端通过低功耗广域网连接于基站,所述基站通过GPRS网络连接于所述主站。A multi-meter-in-one acquisition system includes a measurement terminal and a base station connected to the measurement terminal, the base station is connected to a main station, the measurement terminal is a multi-meter-in-one terminal, and the measurement terminal includes a water meter measuring instrument , heating measuring instrument, gas measuring instrument and electric power measuring instrument, the multi-meter-in-one terminal is connected to the base station through a low-power wide area network, and the base station is connected to the main station through a GPRS network.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述的低功耗广域网为LPWAN广域网、LORA广域网、NB-IOT广域网或SIGFOX广域网。In the above multi-meter-in-one collection system, the low-power wide area network is LPWAN wide area network, LORA wide area network, NB-IOT wide area network or SIGFOX wide area network.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述的低功耗广域网采用LORA技术的LoRaWAN标准。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, the low-power wide area network adopts the LoRaWAN standard of LORA technology.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述用LORA广域网采用固定波特率自适应与多信道相结合模式实现基站与多表合一终端之间的通讯。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, the LORA wide area network is used to realize the communication between the base station and the multi-meter-in-one terminal by adopting a combination mode of fixed baud rate adaptation and multi-channel.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述多表合一终端)包括LORA WAN采集器,所述水表测量仪、供暖测量仪、燃气测量仪和电力测量仪均通过485通讯接口连接于所述LORA WAN采集器,所述基站包括LORA WAN无线模块,所述LORA WAN采集器通过LORA无线连接于所述LORA WAN无线模块。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one collection system, the multi-meter-in-one terminal) includes a LORA WAN collector, and the water meter measuring instrument, heating measuring instrument, gas measuring instrument and electric power measuring instrument are all connected to all through the 485 communication interface. The LORA WAN collector, the base station includes a LORA WAN wireless module, and the LORA WAN collector is wirelessly connected to the LORA WAN wireless module through LORA.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述LORA广域网使用SX1301芯片作为基带芯片。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, the LORA WAN uses the SX1301 chip as the baseband chip.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述基站与多表合一终端之间利用SX1301多射频通道的特性,并每射频因子双通道与所述多表合一终端相通讯。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, the SX1301 multi-radio frequency channel feature is used between the base station and the multi-meter-in-one terminal, and each radio frequency factor two channels communicate with the multi-meter-in-one terminal.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,所述的LORA广域网采用星型点对点组网模式的网络架构,以使在网络中节点与专用网关不相关联。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one collection system, the LORA wide area network adopts the network architecture of the star point-to-point networking mode, so that the nodes in the network are not associated with the dedicated gateway.
在上述的多表合一采集系统中,在LORA广域网基于扩频调制使用不同扩频因子时,信号彼此正交,当扩频因子发生变化,有效的数据速率也会发生变化,从而在同一时间相同信道上接受多个不同的数据速率。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, when the LORA WAN uses different spreading factors based on spread spectrum modulation, the signals are orthogonal to each other. When the spreading factor changes, the effective data rate will also change, so that at the same time Multiple different data rates are accepted on the same channel.
一种基于上述多表合一采集系统的采集方法,包括用于基站与多表合一终端之间通讯用的LORA广域网和处理程序,包括以下步骤:A collection method based on the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one collection system, comprising a LORA wide area network and a processing program used for communication between a base station and a multi-meter-in-one terminal, comprising the following steps:
S1.使用多表合一终端测量各采集数据,并将各采集数据通过LoRaWAN发送给基站;S1. Use the multi-meter-in-one terminal to measure the collected data, and send the collected data to the base station through LoRaWAN;
S2.通过所述处理程序对所述采集数据进行处理后发送给主站;S2. The collected data is processed by the processing program and sent to the master station;
S3.所述主站以表格的形式显示各测量结果。S3. The master station displays each measurement result in the form of a table.
在上述的多表合一采集方法中,所述处理程序包括LORAWAN射频处理子程序、LORAWAN网络管理子程序、多表表计管理子程序、协议解析处理子程序、数据存储子程序、用采系统通信子程序和安全管理子程序。In the above-mentioned multi-meter-in-one collection method, the processing program includes a LORAWAN radio frequency processing subroutine, a LORAWAN network management subroutine, a multi-meter meter management subroutine, a protocol analysis processing subroutine, a data storage subroutine, and an acquisition system. Communication subroutine and security management subroutine.
本发明的优点在于,采用低功耗广域网实现多表合一终端与基站之间的通讯,具有功耗低、传输距离远,施工成本低等优点;应用低功耗广域网的射频特性和组网特性,采用星形点对点的组网模式,通信性能优秀,组网无需维护网络中的中继节点,不存在因通信中继节点异常导致的通信异常,网络结构简单、可靠,故障判断条件单一,组网由于点对点的组网结构,利于运维人员维护,运维人员通过常识即可进行现场问题的判断、找寻问题所在处。The advantage of the invention is that the communication between the multi-meter-in-one terminal and the base station is realized by using the low power consumption wide area network, which has the advantages of low power consumption, long transmission distance, low construction cost and the like; the radio frequency characteristics and networking of the low power consumption wide area network are applied Features: The star-shaped point-to-point networking mode is adopted, and the communication performance is excellent. The networking does not need to maintain the relay nodes in the network. There is no communication abnormality caused by the abnormal communication relay nodes. The network structure is simple and reliable, and the fault judgment conditions are single. Due to the point-to-point networking structure, the network is conducive to maintenance by operation and maintenance personnel. The operation and maintenance personnel can judge on-site problems and find the problem location through common sense.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明多表合一采集系统的系统结构框图。Fig. 1 is the system structure block diagram of the multi-meter-in-one acquisition system of the present invention.
附图标记:基站1;多表合一终端2;水表测量仪21;供暖测量仪22;燃气测量仪23;电力测量仪24;低功耗广域网3;GPRS网络4;主站5。Reference numerals: base station 1 ; multi-meter terminal 2 ; water meter measuring instrument 21 ; heating measuring instrument 22 ; gas measuring instrument 23 ; electric power measuring instrument 24 ;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本实施例基于低功耗广域网3技术实现多表合一终端2与基站1之间的通讯,实现对电、气、水、热表的数据采集,且本实施例优选LORA广域网,LORA通信具有低能耗、低成本、组网灵活等优势。This embodiment realizes the communication between the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2 and the base station 1 based on the low-power wide area network 3 technology, and realizes the data collection of electricity, gas, water, and heat meters, and the LORA wide area network is preferred in this embodiment, and the LORA communication has Low energy consumption, low cost, flexible networking and other advantages.
如图1所示,本实施例具体公开了一种多表合一采集系统,包括测量终端和连接于所述测量终端的基站1,所述基站1连接于主站5,所述测量终端为多表合一终端2,且所述测量终端包括水表测量仪21、供暖测量仪22、燃气测量仪23和电力测量仪24,所述多表合一终端2通过低功耗广域网3连接于基站1,所述基站1通过GPRS网络4连接于所述主站5。As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment specifically discloses a multi-meter-in-one acquisition system, including a measurement terminal and a base station 1 connected to the measurement terminal, the base station 1 is connected to the main station 5 , and the measurement terminal is The multi-meter-in-one terminal 2, and the measurement terminal includes a water meter measuring instrument 21, a heating measuring instrument 22, a gas measuring instrument 23 and an electric power measuring instrument 24, and the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2 is connected to the base station through the low-power wide area network 3 1. The base station 1 is connected to the master station 5 through the GPRS network 4 .
这里的低功耗广域网3可以为LPWAN广域网、LORA广域网、NB-IOT广域网或SIGFOX广域网。特别地,本实施例的低功耗广域网3采用LORA技术的LoRaWAN标准。The low power consumption wide area network 3 here may be an LPWAN wide area network, a LORA wide area network, an NB-IOT wide area network or a SIGFOX wide area network. In particular, the LPWAN 3 of this embodiment adopts the LoRaWAN standard of the LORA technology.
且这里的LORA广域网使用SX1301芯片作为基带芯片。And the LORA WAN here uses the SX1301 chip as the baseband chip.
具体地,多表合一终端2包括有LORA WAN采集器,水表测量仪21、供暖测量仪22、燃气测量仪23和电力测量仪24均通过485通讯接口连接于LORA WAN采集器,然后LORA WAN采集器通过LORA无线与基站通讯。基站1中具有LORA WAN无线模块以实现与LORA WAN采集器的无线通讯,基站中还具有连接于LORA WAN无线模块的数据处理单元。Specifically, the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2 includes a LORA WAN collector. The collector communicates with the base station wirelessly through LORA. The base station 1 has a LORA WAN wireless module to realize wireless communication with the LORA WAN collector, and the base station also has a data processing unit connected to the LORA WAN wireless module.
LORA广域网采用固定波特率自适应与多信道相结合模式实现基站1与多表合一终端2之间的通讯。结合多表的抄表特性,利用利用SX1301多射频通道的特性,并每射频因子双通道与所述多表合一终端2相通讯,具有良好的实际应用效果。The LORA wide area network adopts a combination of fixed baud rate adaptation and multi-channel mode to realize the communication between the base station 1 and the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2. Combined with the meter reading feature of multiple meters, the feature of SX1301 with multiple RF channels is utilized, and each RF factor two channels communicate with the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2, which has a good practical application effect.
进一步地,LORA广域网采用星型点对点组网模式的网络架构,通信性能优秀,使在网络中节点与专用网关不相关联。相反,一个节点传输的数据通常是由多个网关收到。每个网关将从终端节点所接收到的数据包通过一些回程(蜂窝、以太网等)转发到基于云计算的网络服务器。智能化和复杂性放到了服务器上,服务器管理网络和过滤冗余的接收到的数据,执行安全检查通过最优的网关进行调度确认,并执行自适应数据速率等。Further, the LORA WAN adopts the network architecture of the star point-to-point networking mode, and the communication performance is excellent, so that the nodes in the network are not associated with the dedicated gateway. Instead, data transmitted by one node is usually received by multiple gateways. Each gateway forwards packets received from end nodes to a cloud-based web server via some backhaul (cellular, ethernet, etc.). Intelligence and sophistication are placed on the server, which manages the network and filters redundant received data, performs security checks for scheduling confirmation through the optimal gateway, and performs adaptive data rates, etc.
并且LORAWAN组网无需维护网络中的中继节点,不存在因通信中继节点异常导致的通信异常,网络结构简单、可靠,故障判断条件单一;LORAWAN组网由于点对点的组网结构,利于运维人员维护,运维人员通过常识即可进行现场问题的判断、找寻问题所在处所。And LORAWAN networking does not need to maintain the relay nodes in the network, there is no communication abnormality caused by abnormal communication relay nodes, the network structure is simple and reliable, and the fault judgment conditions are single; LORAWAN networking is conducive to operation and maintenance due to the point-to-point networking structure. Personnel maintenance, operation and maintenance personnel can judge on-site problems and find the location of the problem through common sense.
在LORA广域网基于扩频调制使用不同扩频因子时,信号彼此正交,当扩频因子发生变化,有效的数据速率也会发生变化,从而在同一时间相同信道上接受多个不同的数据速率,为使自适应的数据速率工作,对称的上行链路和下行链路要求有足够的下行链路容量。这些特点使得LoRaWAN有非常高的容量,网络更具有可扩展性。用最少量的基础设施可以部署网络,当需要容量时,可以添加更多网关,变换数据速率,减少串音次数,可扩展6~8倍网络容量。从而实现并行接收和处理多个节点的数据,大大扩展了系统容量。When the LORA WAN uses different spreading factors based on spread spectrum modulation, the signals are orthogonal to each other. When the spreading factor changes, the effective data rate also changes, so that multiple different data rates are accepted on the same channel at the same time. In order for the adaptive data rate to work, the symmetrical uplink and downlink require sufficient downlink capacity. These characteristics make LoRaWAN have a very high capacity and the network is more scalable. The network can be deployed with a minimum amount of infrastructure. When capacity is required, more gateways can be added, data rates can be changed, and the number of crosstalk times can be reduced, and the network capacity can be expanded by 6 to 8 times. Thus, the data of multiple nodes can be received and processed in parallel, which greatly expands the system capacity.
具体地,本实施例的采集系统的采集方法包括用于基站1与多表合一终端2之间通讯用的LORA广域网和处理程序,具体包括以下步骤:Specifically, the collection method of the collection system of this embodiment includes a LORA wide area network and a processing program used for communication between the base station 1 and the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2, and specifically includes the following steps:
S1.使用多表合一终端2测量各采集数据,并将各采集数据通过LoRaWAN发送给基站1;S1. Use the multi-meter-in-one terminal 2 to measure the collected data, and send the collected data to the base station 1 through LoRaWAN;
S2.通过所述处理程序对所述采集数据进行处理后发送给主站5;S2. The collected data is processed by the processing program and sent to the master station 5;
S3.所述主站5以表格的形式显示各测量结果。S3. The master station 5 displays each measurement result in the form of a table.
进一步地,处理程序安装在基站1上,且处理程序包括LORAWAN射频处理子程序、LORAWAN网络管理子程序、多表表计管理子程序、协议解析处理子程序、数据存储子程序、用采系统通信子程序和安全管理子程序等。Further, the processing program is installed on the base station 1, and the processing program includes a LORAWAN radio frequency processing subroutine, a LORAWAN network management subroutine, a multi-meter meter management subroutine, a protocol analysis processing subroutine, a data storage subroutine, and a communication system using the Subroutines and safety management subroutines, etc.
本实施例的多表合一采集系统提出将LPWAN基站1上运行多表合一应用嵌入式程序,即前述处理程序,使设计更接近边缘计算模型。The multi-meter-in-one acquisition system in this embodiment proposes to run the multi-meter-in-one application embedded program on the LPWAN base station 1, that is, the aforementioned processing program, so that the design is closer to the edge computing model.
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代,但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or substitute in similar manners, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or go beyond the definition of the appended claims range.
尽管本文较多地使用了基站1;多表合一终端2;水表测量仪21;供暖测量仪22;燃气测量仪23;电力测量仪24;低功耗广域网3;GPRS网络4;主站5等术语,但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质;把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。Although this article uses more base station 1; multi-meter in one terminal 2; water meter measuring instrument 21; heating measuring instrument 22; gas measuring instrument 23; electric power measuring instrument 24; terms, but does not exclude the possibility of using other terms. These terms are used only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; it is contrary to the spirit of the present invention to interpret them as any kind of additional limitation.
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