CN110333412A - A new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device and test system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a load device and a test system for electromagnetic compatibility testing of an electric drive system of a new energy vehicle, wherein the load device comprises a load motor, a load motor controller, a transmission device, a torque speed sensor, a power supply, a first photoelectric signal converter, a second photoelectric signal converter, a monitoring device, a DC high-voltage filter and a shielding box; the test system comprises the load device, an electric drive system, a low-voltage artificial network, a high-voltage artificial network, a high-voltage DC source, a DC filter, a test table and an anechoic chamber. The load device is movable, can achieve high speed and high torque, and is used for electromagnetic compatibility testing of high-power motors, avoiding the introduction of radiation interference from the outside, and avoiding the radiation interference of the load device itself to the external test environment; in addition, the test system draws power from an AC power grid, and then converts the mechanical energy of the motor under test into electrical energy through the load device and then incorporates it into the AC power grid, thereby realizing the recycling of energy and reducing experimental power consumption.

Description

A new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device and test system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic compatibility testing, in particular to an electromagnetic compatibility testing load device and a testing system for an electric drive system of a new energy vehicle.

Background technique

As a new energy vehicle, electric drive vehicles are becoming more and more popular in the market. The core technology that distinguishes new energy vehicles from traditional vehicles is "three electrics", namely: electric drive, battery and electronic control. The core component of one of the large electric vehicles, the electric drive system, is a key component that affects the driving safety of the vehicle. It usually uses a high-voltage power supply of several hundred volts, and its working power is much greater than that of the low-voltage components in traditional vehicles. The motor controller Most of the main circuits use high-frequency switching IGBTs to achieve better motor control performance. In addition, a large number of high-power power electronic devices are used in the car. Their electromagnetic compatibility issues are related to the safety and reliability of the car.

However, compared with traditional fuel vehicles and their components, there are rigorous and mature testing technologies and standards, and the electromagnetic compatibility testing technologies and standards for "three electric" components of new energy vehicles are still in the development stage: the international EMC standard CISPR25 "Vehicle , ship and internal combustion engine radio disturbance characteristics used to protect the vehicle receiver limit value and measurement method "included the automotive high-voltage components in 2016; the domestic EMC standard GB/T18655 included the requirements for high-voltage components in 2018; The standard GB/T36282 "Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements and Test Methods for Drive Motor Systems for Electric Vehicles" for electric drives and controls was released in 2018 and started to be implemented in 2019. The relevant testing equipment and systems have been In perfection.

The driving motor system needs to simulate the normal working state of the motor during the electromagnetic compatibility test, so the motor is loaded. At present, holes are usually drilled on the side wall of the anechoic chamber, and the load motor outside the anechoic chamber and the motor under test in the anechoic chamber are connected through the transmission shaft. The two are connected, the distance between the two is relatively long, the axes are difficult to align, and the cost of transforming the darkroom is high. In addition, there are reports that a hysteresis motor is used as the load motor, but it has the characteristics of low power and non-adjustable speed, so it is not suitable for high-power The test of the motor also has problems such as high energy consumption and high test cost in the whole test process.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device and a test system to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device, including a load motor arranged in a shielding box, a load motor controller, a DC high voltage filter, a transmission device, a torque A speed sensor, a power supply, a first photoelectric signal converter, a second photoelectric signal converter and a monitoring device arranged outside the shielding box, the load motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor for providing torque and speed; the load The motor controller is connected to the load motor, the DC high-voltage filter is connected to the load motor controller; the transmission device is used to mechanically connect the motor under test to the load motor; the torque speed sensor is connected in series Between the transmission device and the load motor, it is used to obtain the torque and speed of the transmission shaft in real time; the power supply supplies power to the load motor controller and the torque speed sensor; the first photoelectric signal converter One end is connected to the monitoring device, and the other end is connected to the load motor controller through a motor control signal line, which is used to transfer the torque and speed information set by the monitoring device to the load motor controller; One end of the second photoelectric signal converter is connected to the monitoring device, and the other end is connected to the torque speed sensor through a sensor signal line for feedback of actual torque and speed.

Preferably, the transmission device includes a transmission shaft, a synchronous pulley and a transmission belt, and the synchronous pulley is divided into two upper and lower parts, which are respectively connected with the transmission shaft and the rotating shaft of the motor under test, and the two synchronous The pulley is connected through the transmission belt, and the transmission belt is made of electromagnetic insulating material.

Preferably, the power supply is a 12V lithium battery.

Preferably, the load device further includes an inverter arranged outside the shielding box, and the inverter is connected to the DC high-voltage filter through a first high-voltage DC shielded line passing through the waveguide.

Preferably, the load device also includes a cold water tank placed outside the shielding box, the cold water tank is connected to the load motor and the load motor controller through a cooling water pipe for cooling; the cooling water pipe passes through the The water pipe perforated waveguide passes through the shielding box.

Preferably, a fixed bracket for the motor under test is also provided above the shielding box.

Specifically, the torque and rotational speed are set through the monitoring device, and the information is transmitted to the load motor controller through the motor control signal line through the first photoelectric signal converter, and the load motor adjusts the torque and The rotational speed provides torque for the motor under test, and the torque rotational speed sensor transmits the information to the second photoelectric signal converter through the sensor signal line, and converts the signal into an optical signal and transmits it to all the optical signals outside the shielding box. The monitoring device is used to obtain the torque and speed in real time, so as to simulate the motor under test to provide a stable torque under load.

Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test system, including an anechoic chamber and the load device located in the anechoic chamber, an electric drive system, a low-voltage artificial network, a high-voltage artificial network, a high-voltage A DC source, a DC filter, and a test table, the electric drive system includes a motor under test and a motor controller, the load device and the test table are placed in the anechoic chamber, and the motor under test is fixedly connected to the On the fixed bracket of the motor under test of the load motor, the motor controller, the low-voltage artificial network and the high-voltage artificial network are placed on the test table, and the motor controller is connected to the motor under test, The low-voltage artificial network and the high-voltage artificial network, the high-voltage direct current source is connected to the high-voltage artificial network through the direct-current filter, and the motor controller and the direct-current filter are connected to the high-voltage artificial network. Both are connected by a second high-voltage DC shielded wire, and the motor controller is connected with the low-voltage artificial network through a low-voltage wire.

Preferably, the high-voltage direct current source is connected to an alternating current grid, and is used for converting alternating current of the alternating current grid into direct current.

Preferably, the inverter of the EMC test load device of the new energy vehicle electric drive system is connected to an AC power grid.

Preferably, the inverter, the cold water tank, the high-voltage DC source, and the DC filter of the EMC test load device for the new energy vehicle electric drive system are placed outside the anechoic chamber.

During the test, the motor under test is fixedly connected to the motor under test fixed bracket of the load motor, the rotating shaft of the motor under test is parallel to the rotating shaft of the load motor, and the The transmission device is mechanically connected, and the high-voltage direct current source converts alternating current into direct current through the connection with the alternating current grid, and supplies power to the tested motor through the high-voltage artificial network, and the load motor is driven by the tested motor Next, AC power is generated, and the AC power is converted into DC power through the load motor controller. After the DC power is filtered by the DC high-voltage filter, it passes through the waveguide and passes out of the shielding box, and passes through the shielding box outside the shielding box. The inverter converts the direct current into a standard alternating current of 380V/50Hz and incorporates it into the alternating current grid, so as to realize the energy conversion and energy recycling of the mechanical energy of the motor under test into standard alternating current.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The load device provided by the present invention adopts a permanent magnet synchronous motor and a torque speed sensor, which can obtain and adjust the torque and speed in real time, and can realize high speed and high torque, and is used for electromagnetic compatibility testing of high-power motors.

2. The load device provided by the present invention is movable and can be placed in an anechoic chamber for use, avoiding the wall-breaking transformation of the anechoic chamber. In addition, the motor under test is fixedly connected to the motor under test fixed bracket of the load device, and through the transmission device The mechanical connection with the load motor is realized, which overcomes the problems of long distance between the tested motor and the load motor, difficult alignment of the axis, and difficult test operation.

3. All electrical components of the load device provided by the present invention are placed in the shielding box to avoid radiation interference from the electrical components to the outside; the control signals and data signals that need to go outside the shielding box are electrically isolated through the photoelectric signal converter ; It needs to be connected to the external DC, filtered by the filter, and then passed through the shielding box through the waveguide to attenuate the radiation interference signal to the minimum; through the transmission belt, the drive shaft of the motor under test and the drive shaft of the load motor are electrically isolated, Therefore, the load motor and its electrical components are prevented from generating radiation interference to the outside in a conductive manner.

4. The electromagnetic compatibility test system provided by the present invention takes power from the AC grid, and then converts the mechanical energy of the motor under test into electrical energy through the load device and then merges it into the AC grid, realizing energy recycling and reducing experimental power consumption.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electromagnetic compatibility test load device of the electric drive system of the new energy vehicle provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electromagnetic compatibility test system for an electric drive system of a new energy vehicle provided by the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the EMC test load device for the new energy vehicle electric drive system provided by the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission device of the EMC test load device for the new energy vehicle electric drive system provided by the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to accompanying drawings 1 and 3, a new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device includes a load motor 1, a load motor controller 2, a DC high-voltage filter 3, and a transmission device arranged in a shielding box 10. 4. Torque speed sensor 5 , power supply 6 , first photoelectric signal converter 7 , second photoelectric signal converter 8 and monitoring device 9 arranged outside the shielding box 10 . The load motor 1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which can meet the test requirements by adjusting the torque and speed, and can realize high speed and high torque, and is used for electromagnetic compatibility testing of high-power motors; the load motor controller 2 is connected with the load The motor 1 is connected, the DC high-voltage filter 3 is connected to the load motor controller 2; the transmission device 4 is used to mechanically connect the tested motor 21 to the load motor 1; the torque speed sensor 5 is connected in series Between the transmission device 4 and the load motor 1, it is used to obtain the torque and speed of the transmission shaft in real time; through the power supply 6 built in the shielding box 10 to the load motor controller 2 and the load motor The torque speed sensor 5 is powered to avoid introducing radiation interference from the outside; one end of the first photoelectric signal converter 7 is connected to the monitoring device 9, and the other end is connected to the load motor controller 2 through a motor control signal line 11, It is used to transfer the torque and speed information set by the monitoring device 9 to the load motor controller 2; one end of the second photoelectric signal converter 8 is connected to the monitoring device 9, and the other end is connected to the sensor signal line 12 Connected with the torque speed sensor 5 for feedback of actual torque and speed, the control signal and data signal leading to the outside of the shielding box 10 are realized through the first photoelectric signal converter 7 and the second photoelectric signal converter 8 electrical isolation.

With reference to shown in accompanying drawing 4, described transmission device 4 comprises transmission shaft 41, synchronous pulley 42 and transmission belt 43, and described synchronous pulley 42 is divided into upper and lower two, respectively with described transmission shaft 41 and described tested. The rotating shaft of the motor 21 is connected, and the two synchronous pulleys 42 are connected through the transmission belt 43, and the transmission belt 43 is made of electromagnetic insulating material. Through the transmission belt 43, the load motor 1 and its electrical system are effectively isolated from the electricity and electromagnetic waves of the external structural parts and spaces, so as to realize the connection between the transmission shaft of the tested motor 21 and the transmission shaft of the load motor 1. Electrical isolation, thereby preventing the load motor 1 and its electrical components from generating radiation interference to the outside in a conductive manner.

Referring to Figure 1, in this embodiment, the power supply 6 is a 12V lithium battery.

Referring to Figure 1, the load device 20 also includes an inverter 13 arranged outside the shielding box 10, and the inverter 13 communicates with the DC through the first high-voltage DC shielded line 15 passing through the waveguide 14. The high-voltage filter 3 is connected to the external direct current, filtered by the direct-current high-voltage filter 3 , and then passes through the shielding box 10 through the waveguide 14 to attenuate the radiation interference signal to a minimum.

Referring to Figure 1, the load device 20 also includes a cold water tank 16 placed outside the shielding box 10, the cold water tank 16 is connected to the load motor 1 and the load motor controller 2 through a cooling water pipe 17, It is used for cooling down; the cooling water pipe 17 passes through the shielding box 10 through the water pipe perforated waveguide 18 to attenuate the interference signal in the box to a minimum value and meet the experimental requirements of the electromagnetic compatibility test.

Referring to Figures 3 and 4 , a fixed bracket 19 for the motor under test is also provided above the shielding box 10 .

Specifically, the torque and rotational speed are set through the monitoring device 9, and the information is transmitted to the load motor controller 2 through the motor control signal line 11 through the first photoelectric signal converter 7, and the load motor 1 Provide torque to the motor under test 21 by adjusting the torque and speed, the torque speed sensor 5 transmits information to the second photoelectric signal converter 8 through the sensor signal line 12, and converts the signal into an optical signal The monitoring device 9 transmitted to the outside of the shielding box 10 acquires the torque and rotational speed in real time, so as to simulate the motor under test 21 to provide a stable torque under load.

Referring to Figure 2, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility testing system, including an anechoic chamber 30 and the load device 20 located in the anechoic chamber 30, an electric drive system, a low-voltage artificial Network 23, high-voltage artificial network 24, high-voltage DC source 25, DC filter 26, test table 27, described electric drive system includes tested motor 21 and motor controller 22, described load device 20 and described test table 27 are placed In the anechoic chamber 30, the motor under test 21 is fixedly connected to the motor under test fixing bracket 19 of the load motor 20, the motor controller 22, the low-voltage artificial network 23 and the high-voltage The artificial network 24 is placed on the test table 27, the motor controller 22 is connected to the motor under test 21, the low-voltage artificial network 23 and the high-voltage artificial network 24, and the high-voltage direct current source 25 passes through the direct current The filter 26 is connected to the high-voltage artificial network 24, and the second high-voltage direct-current shielded wire 28 is used to connect the motor controller 22 and the DC filter 26 to the high-voltage artificial network 24. The device 22 is connected to the low-voltage artificial network 23 through a low-voltage line 29.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the high-voltage DC source 25 is connected to the AC power grid 31 for converting the AC power of the AC power grid 31 into DC power.

Referring to FIG. 2 , the inverter 13 of the EMC test load device 20 of the new energy vehicle electric drive system is connected to an AC power grid 31 .

Referring to Figure 2, the inverter 13, the cold water tank 16, the high-voltage DC source 25, and the DC filter 26 of the new energy vehicle electric drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device 20 are placed The anechoic chamber 30 is outside.

During the test, the motor under test 21 is fixedly connected to the motor under test fixing support 19 of the load motor 20, the rotating shaft of the motor under test 21 is parallel to the rotating shaft of the load motor 20, and the The transmission device 4 of the load device 20 is mechanically connected, and the high-voltage DC source 25 converts AC power into DC power by connecting the AC grid 31, and supplies power to the motor 21 under test through the high-voltage artificial network 24. The load Driven by the motor 21 under test, the motor 20 generates alternating current, and the alternating current is converted into direct current through the load motor controller 2, and the direct current is filtered by the direct current high-voltage filter 3 and passed through the waveguide 14. out of the shielding box 10, through the inverter 13 outside the shielding box 10, the direct current is converted into a standard alternating current of 380V/50Hz and incorporated into the alternating current grid 31, so that the mechanical energy of the motor under test 21 can be transferred to Energy conversion of standard alternating current and energy recycling.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device, which is characterized in that shielded including setting Load motor, load motor controller, high direct voltage filter, transmission device, torque speed sensor, power supply in case, One photoelectric signal converter, the second photoelectric signal converter and the monitoring device being arranged in outside the shielded box, the load electricity Machine is permanent magnet synchronous motor, for providing torque and revolving speed；The load motor controller is connect with the load motor, described High direct voltage filter is connect with the load motor controller；The transmission device is used for tested motor and load electricity Machine mechanical connection；The torque speed sensor is serially connected between the transmission device and the load motor, for obtaining in real time Take the torque and revolving speed of transmission shaft；The power supply is powered to the load motor controller and the torque speed sensor；Institute It states first photoelectric signal converter one end to connect with the monitoring device, the other end passes through motor control signal line and the load Electric machine controller connection, torque and rotary speed information for setting the monitoring device transfer to the load motor control Device；Second photoelectric signal converter one end is connect with the monitoring device, the other end by sensor signal lines with it is described Torque speed sensor connection, for feeding back actual torque and revolving speed.

2. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device according to claim 1, feature It is, the transmission device includes transmission shaft, synchronous pulley and driving belt, and the synchronous pulley is divided into two up and down, respectively It is connect with the transmission shaft with the shaft of the tested motor, two synchronous pulleys are connected by the driving belt, institute Stating driving belt is solenoid isolation material.

3. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device according to claim 1, feature It is, the power supply is 12V lithium battery.

4. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device according to claim 1, feature It is, the load device further includes the inverter being set to outside shielded box, and the inverter is by passing through the first of waveguide High voltage direct current shielding line is connect with the high direct voltage filter.

5. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device according to claim 1, feature It is, the load device further includes the cold water storage cistern being placed in outside shielded box, and the cold water storage cistern passes through cooling water pipe and the load Motor is connected with the load motor controller, for cooling down；The cooling water pipe is passed through by water pipe perforation waveguide The shielded box.

6. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device according to claim 1, feature It is, the fixed bracket of tested motor is additionally provided with above the shielded box.

7. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test system, which is characterized in that including anechoic chamber, and be located at Load device, power drive system, low pressure artificial network, high pressure as described in claim any one of 1-6 in the anechoic chamber, Artificial network, high voltage direct current source, DC filter, test desk, the power drive system include tested motor and electric machine controller, The load device and the test desk are placed in the anechoic chamber, and the tested motor is fixedly connected on the load motor The fixed bracket of the tested motor on, the electric machine controller, the low pressure artificial network and the high pressure artificial network set In on the test desk, it is artificial that the electric machine controller connects the tested motor, the low pressure artificial network and the high pressure Network, the high voltage direct current source are connect through the DC filter with the high pressure artificial network, the electric machine controller and institute It states and is all made of the second high voltage direct current shielding line between DC filter and the high pressure artificial network and is attached, the motor control Device processed is connect with the low pressure artificial network by low-voltage line.

8. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that The high voltage direct current source connects with AC network, for the alternating current of the AC network to be converted into direct current.

9. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test system according to claim 7, which is characterized in that The inverter of the new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device is connected with AC network.

10. a kind of new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test system according to claim 7, feature exist In the inverter and the cold water storage cistern of the new-energy automobile power drive system electromagnetic compatibility test load device, described High voltage direct current source, the DC filter are placed in outside the anechoic chamber,.