CN110240615A - 新型有机小分子材料的合成方法、微晶的制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
新型有机小分子材料的合成方法、微晶的制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了新型有机小分子材料的合成方法、微晶的制备方法及其应用。新分子5PDA的设计思路为:为了得到具有酸碱响应的小分子探针,以光学性能好的OPV为骨架,选择性地设计、合成了末端具有叔氨基团的新分子。通过HWE反应在无水、无氧的条件下进行合成,合成方法简便,技术成熟,产率高。新分子5PDA在多种有机溶剂中的颜色(发射波长)可通过化学反应被酸性气体调节且具有可回复性。通过甲苯高温重结晶的方法,新分子5PDA可得到具有一定形貌的二维片状的微晶,可大量制备且重复性好。该微晶颜色(发射波长)可通过化学反应被酸性气体调节并且具有可回复性,在多次循环中形貌不会被破坏,因此在荧光标记、光学传感、荧光探测器等领域均有一定的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于荧光材料和器件技术制造领域,特别涉及一种新型有机小分子荧光材料5PDA的合成方法、其微晶的制备方法及在荧光方面的应用。
这种新型有机小分子荧光材料5PDA具有制备成本低,合成方法简便,具有较高的摩尔消光系数和荧光量子产率等优点。该分子还容易通过甲苯高温重结晶的方法制备成二维片状的微晶。特别是,它的末端含有两个叔氨基团,具有弱碱性,它的颜色(发射波长)可通过化学反应被酸性气体调节并且具有可回复性。由于微晶具有较大的表面积,容易吸附一些气体,利于与气体在常温下发生化学反应。因此,它在在荧光标记、光学传感、荧光探测器等领域均有一定的应用前景。
背景技术
有机小分子发光材料一般具有较高的摩尔消光系数和荧光量子产率,但要实现发光颜色(发射波长)通过化学反应被其他物质调节,就需要分子本身以不仅发光良好,分子内还要含有某些特定的取代基团(比如易释放/获取质子、易氧化/还原等),这些基团反应后得到的产物还需要发光并且波长与本身的发光不同。更为重要的是,这种材料要想在实际中有所应用,就需要实现常温常压下颜色的变化和可逆的回复,这就要求常温下正、逆反应都要容易发生。基与上述要考虑的这一系列的条件,并不是每一个有机分子都可以满足。
发明内容
本发明针对上述理论分析和待解决的问题,提供一种新型有机小分子荧光探针的设计思路、合成方法、其甲苯高温重结晶的微晶制备方法和在荧光检测方面的应用。
新分子5PDA的设计思路为:为了得到具有酸碱响应的小分子探针,以光学性能好的OPV((oligo(phenylenevinylene))为骨架,选择性地设计、合成了末端具有叔氨基团(弱碱性、易与酸性气体反应、反应后会改变原有的共轭体系导致发光颜色改变)的新分子。
新分子5PDA通过霍纳尔-沃兹沃思-埃蒙斯 (Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons,HWE)反应在无水、无氧的条件下进行合成,合成方法简便,技术成熟,产率高。
新分子5PDA在多种有机溶剂中的颜色(发射波长)可通过化学反应被酸性气体调节并且具有可回复性,因此在荧光标记、光学传感、荧光探测器等领域均有一定的应用前景。
通过甲苯高温重结晶的方法,新分子5PDA可以得到具有一定形貌的二维片状的微晶,可大量制备且重复性好。
该微晶的颜色(发射波长)可通过化学反应被酸性气体调节并且具有可回复性,在多次循环中形貌不会被破坏,因此在荧光标记、光学传感、荧光探测器等领域均有一定的应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施实例描述中所需要的附图做简单的介绍:
图1是本发明实施例——新分子5PDA的合成路线及高分辨质谱结果。
图2是本发明实施例——高温重结晶的制备方法以及得到的5PDA 微晶荧光照片。
图3是本发明实施例——新分子5PDA溶解在四氢呋喃中由于化学反应导致的颜色变化及回复。
图4是本发明实施例——新分子5PDA固体粉末由于化学反应导致的颜色变化及回复。
图5是本发明实施例——新分子5PDA微晶由于化学反应导致的颜色变化及回复。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图及操作实例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,以便对每个过程充分理解并据以再次实施。需要说明的是,只要不构成冲突,本发明中的各个实施例中的各个特征可以相互结合,形成的技术方案均在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明公开了一种新型有机小分子材料的合成方法,为了得到具有酸碱响应的小分子探针,以光学性能好的低聚对苯撑乙烯(OPV)为骨架,合成了末端具有叔氨基团的分子5PDA。其中,可以通过HWE反应在无水、无氧的条件下进行合成分子5PDA。
本发明还公开了一种微晶的制备方法,利用根据所述的合成方法制得的有机小分子5PDA,通过甲苯高温重结晶的方法制备二维微米片。所制成的微晶可以用于荧光标记、荧光传感、荧光探测器等。
实施例一:
在本实施例中,参见图1,第三步是通过Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE)反应在无水、无氧的条件下进行新分子的合成,方法简便、技术成熟、产率高。具体步骤为,将2,5-二甲基-1,4-二甲苯基-二(二乙基磷酸酯)(203mg,0.50mmol)与无水四氢呋喃(10mL)混合于50mL三口烧瓶中,氩气保护下冰浴下搅拌10min。氩气保护下加入氢化钠粉末(200mg,8.33mmol),冰浴下搅拌1h。氩气保护下加入溶于无水四氢呋喃(10mL) 的中间体醛(311mg,1.00mmol),35度下搅拌2d。反应结束后缓慢加入蒸馏水(30mL),用二氯甲烷萃取(30mL×5)。合并有机相,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得橙色粉末。硅胶柱色谱法提纯(洗脱剂:二氯甲烷:乙醇= 40:1),得橙红色粉末,即新分子5PDA,产率88%。
实施例二:
在本实施例中,参见图2,一种利用高温甲苯重结晶的方法制备二维片状微纳晶,包括如下步骤:将30mg新分子5PDA用少量甲苯分散,将此浊液加热至沸,搅拌下逐滴加入甲苯直到完全溶解,再加入少量甲苯。回流3h后停止搅拌,在不扰动的情况下3天内缓慢降至室温。将此溶液离心,固体部分用乙醇分散后涂于洁净的玻璃片上,自然晾干。
实施例三:
在本实施例中,参见图3,将新分子5PDA溶解于四氢呋喃中(上),荧光颜色为黄色,最大发射波长位置约550nm。向此溶液中加入微量盐酸后(中),荧光颜色变为绿色,最大发射波长位置移动到500nm。向酸化后的溶液再加入微量氢氧化钾溶液后(下),荧光颜色回复为黄色,最大发射波长位置回复到550nm。
实施例四:
在本实施例中,参见图4,将新分子5PDA溶解于四氢呋喃中,涂于洁净的玻璃片上,得到可用于测试的固体粉末样品。此样品(上)荧光颜色为橙黄色,最大发射波长位置约585nm。将此粉末样品用氯化氢气体熏制后(中),荧光颜色变为黄绿色,最大发射波长位置移动到560nm。将酸化后的粉末自然放置一段时间(下),荧光颜色回复为橙黄色,最大发射波长位置回复到585nm。
实施例五:
在本实施例中,参见图5,用上述方法制备得到的5PDA微晶样品荧光颜色为橙黄色,最大发射波长位置约585nm(黑色线3)。将此微晶样品用氯化氢气体熏制后,荧光颜色变为黄绿色,最大发射波长位置移动到560nm(红色线1)。将酸化后的微晶样品自然放置一段时间,荧光颜色回复为橙黄色,最大发射波长位置回复到585nm(蓝色线2)。
本说明书中给出的数值是示意的,本领域技术人员可以根据需要调整。以上实施例仅用以对本发明的技术方案进行了详细介绍,但以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想,不应理解为对本发明的限制。本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种新型有机小分子材料的合成方法,其特征在于:
为了得到具有酸碱响应的小分子探针,以光学性能好的低聚对苯撑乙烯为骨架,合成了末端具有叔氨基团的分子5PDA。
2.如权利要求1所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
通过HWE反应在无水、无氧的条件下进行合成。
3.如权利要求2所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
将2,5-二甲基-1,4-二甲苯基-二(二乙基磷酸酯)与无水四氢呋喃混合,在氩气保护下冰浴下搅拌;然后在氩气保护下加入氢化钠粉末,冰浴下搅拌;在氩气保护下加入溶于无水四氢呋喃的中间体醛后搅拌;反应结束后缓慢加入蒸馏水,用二氯甲烷萃取;合并有机相,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到橙色粉末;然后用硅胶柱色谱法提纯,得到橙红色粉末,即分子5PDA。
4.如权利要求3所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
2,5-二甲基-1,4-二甲苯基-二(二乙基磷酸酯)用量为203mg,0.50mmol,与10mL无水四氢呋喃混合于50mL三口烧瓶中;在氩气保护下加入氢化钠粉末200mg,8.33mmol;在氩气保护下加入溶于10mL无水四氢呋喃的中间体醛,中间体醛用量为311mg,1.00mmol,35度下搅拌。
5.如权利要求3所述的合成方法,其特征在于:
硅胶柱色谱法提纯中使用的洗脱剂成分为二氯甲烷:乙醇=40:1。
6.一种微晶的制备方法,其特征在于:
利用根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的合成方法制得的有机小分子5PDA,通过甲苯高温重结晶的方法制备二维微米片。
7.如权利要求6所述的制备方法的应用,其特征在于:所制成的微晶用于荧光标记、荧光传感、荧光探测器。
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